WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Solid-phase microextraction for the enantiomeric analysis of flavors in beverages	2001	University of California, Davis, Department of Viticulture and Enology, 95616, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of AOAC International Periodical, Abbrev. J.AOAC Int. Pub Date Free Form Mar-Apr Volume 84 Issue 2 Start Page 479 Other Pages 485 Notes LR: 20080317; JID: 9215446; 0 (Flavoring Agents); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1060-3271; 1060-3271 Accession Number PMID: 11324614 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11324614 Abstract Solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis and separation on a chiral cyclodextrin stationary phase was a rapid, reliable technique for profiling chiral aroma compounds in flavored alcoholic beverages. Several enantiomeric terpenes, esters, alcohols, norisoprenoids, and lactones were identified in berry-, peach-, strawberry-, and citrus-flavored wine and malt beverages (wine coolers). Using this technique, we were able to confirm the addition of synthetic flavoring to several beverages, consistent with label designations. Descriptors Alcoholic Beverages/analysis, Beverages/analysis, Flavoring Agents/analysis, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Stereoisomerism, Wine/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ebeler,S. E., Sun,G. M., Datta,M., Stremple,P., Vickers,A. K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Reduced spinal bone mineral density in adolescents of an Ultra-Orthodox Jewish community in Brooklyn	2001	Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11219, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form May Volume 107 Issue 5 Start Page E79 Other Pages Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 0376422; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 11331729 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11331729 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Bone mass increases throughout childhood, with maximal bone mass accrual rate occurring in early to mid-puberty and slowing in late puberty. Prevention of osteoporosis and its morbidities depends primarily on the establishment of adequate peak bone mass. Physical activity, calcium intake, and vitamin D stores (from sunlight conversion of precursors of vitamin D and to a lesser degree from dietary intake) are vital determinants of bone mineral density (BMD). BMD is further controlled by genetic and environmental factors that are poorly understood. Observance of ultra-Orthodox Jewish customs may have a negative effect on the factors that promote bone health, and there have been anecdotal reports of higher fracture rates in this population. The ultra-Orthodox Jewish lifestyle encourages scholarly activity in preference to physical activity. Additionally, modest dress codes and inner-city dwelling reduce sunlight exposure. Orthodox Jews do not consume milk products for 6 hours after meat ingestion, leading to potentially fewer opportunities to consume calcium. Foods from the milk group are some of the best sources of dietary calcium. Our aims are to examine BMD in a group of healthy ultra-Orthodox Jewish adolescents in an urban community and to attempt to correlate it to physical activity and dietary factors. DESIGN AND METHODS: We recruited 50 healthy, ultra-Orthodox Jews, ages 15 to 19 years (30 males and 20 females). None were taking corticosteroids or had evidence of malabsorption. All girls were postmenarchal and nulliparous. Pubic hair Tanner stage for boys and breast Tanner stage for girls were determined. Weight and height standard deviation scores were calculated. Calcium, phosphorus, protein, vitamin D, and calorie intake were assessed using a comprehensive food questionnaire referring to what has been eaten over the last year. Hours per week of weight-bearing exercise and walking were determined. Serum levels of calcium, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH](2)D) were measured. Lumbar spine (L) BMD was assessed by dual energy radiograph absorptiometry. The pediatric software supplied by Lunar Radiation Corporation, which contains gender- and age-specific norms, provided a z score for the lumbar BMD for each participant. L2 to L4 bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) was calculated from L2 to L4 BMD. RESULTS: BMD of L2 to L4 was significantly decreased compared with age/sex-matched normative data: mean z score was -1.25 +/- 1.25 (n = 50). The mean L2 to L4 BMD z score +/- standard deviation was -1.71 +/- 1.18 for boys and -0.58 +/- 1.04 for girls. Eight boys (27%) had L2 to L4 BMD z scores <-2.5, which defines osteoporosis in adulthood. Twenty-seven adolescents (54%), 16 boys and 11 girls, had Tanner stage V. Two participants (4%) had delayed development of Tanner stage V. Mean consumption of calcium by participants under 19 years old was 908 +/- 506 mg/day (n = 46), which is lower than the adequate intake of 1300 mg/day for this age. The consumption of phosphorus was 1329 +/- 606 mg/day, and the consumption of vitamin D was 286 +/- 173 IU/day (n = 50). The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 18.4 +/- 7.6 ng/mL, and the mean serum 1,25(OH)(2)D level was 71.1 +/- 15.7 pg/mL (n = 50). Boys had significantly higher serum levels of 1,25(OH)(2)D than did girls (74.9 +/- 16.46 pg/mL vs 65.25 +/- 12.8 pg/mL, respectively). The serum levels of PTH, calcium, and protein were (mean +/- standard deviation): 33 +/- 16 pg/mL, 9.5 +/- 0.69 mg/dL, and 7.8 +/- 0.6 g/dL, respectively (n = 50). L2 to L4 BMD z score had positive correlation with walking hours (r = 0.4). L2 to L4 BMD z score had negative correlation with serum level of 1,25(OH)(2)D )r = -0.33; n = 50). We could not find significant correlation between L2 to L4 BMD z scores for the entire cohort and any of calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, or protein intake. However, the L2 to L4 BMD z scores of boys had po Descriptors Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Bone Density, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Exercise, Female, Humans, Jews, Judaism, Lumbar Vertebrae/radiography, Male, New York, Regression Analysis, Sunlight Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Taha,W., Chin,D., Silverberg,A. I., Lashiker,L., Khateeb,N., Anhalt,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Inner ear decompression sickness in sport compressed-air diving	2001	Israel Naval Medical Institute, IDF Medical Corps, PO Box 8040, 31 080 Haifa, Israel.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Laryngoscope Periodical, Abbrev. Laryngoscope Pub Date Free Form May Volume 111 Issue 5 Start Page 851 Other Pages 856 Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 8607378; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0023-852X; 0023-852X Accession Number PMID: 11359165 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1097/00005537-200105000-00018 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11359165 Abstract OBJECTIVE: We report our experience over the past 12 years with recreational diving-related inner ear decompression sickness (IEDCS). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective, consecutive case series. METHODS: Twenty-four divers, representing 29 cases of IEDCS, are presented with regard to evaluation, treatment, and follow-up. RESULTS: These 29 cases represent 26% of the severe decompression sickness (DCS) cases treated in that period. The patient group includes 22 divers who had a single event of IEDCS, one diver who had two events, and one with five repeated episodes. The cause of injury in 23 cases (79%) was violation of the decompression schedule. The mean time from surfacing to appearance of symptoms was 47 +/- 65 minutes. In 83%, symptoms appeared within 1 hour of ascent, in 97% within 2 hours, and in only one diver after 5.5 hours. Ten divers (34%) had pure vestibular involvement, 4 (14%) had cochlear insult alone, and 15 (52%) had combined vestibulo-cochlear injury. Except for one patient who had central as well as peripheral vestibulo-cochlear DCS, all the remaining patients had end organ involvement only, as demonstrated by physical examination and laboratory test results. Fifteen (52%) had isolated IEDCS, whereas 14 had additional symptoms of DCS. Twenty-six cases were treated by hyperbaric oxygenation with supplementary daily hyperbaric sessions. Of the 25 cases with vestibular injury and the 19 with cochlear damage, only 7 (28%) and 6 (32%), respectively, made a full recovery, whereas the others remained with residual damage. Of the 17 treated within 6 hours of symptom appearance, 9 (53%) were cured, compared with one of the 9 treated later (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: IEDCS related to compressed-air recreational diving is more common than previously thought, and might occur even when no decompression schedule violation took place. Prompt diagnosis leading to the early commencement of hyperbaric oxygen recompression therapy is the key to complete recovery of cochlear and vestibular function. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Athletic Injuries/therapy, Cochlea/injuries, Decompression Sickness/etiology/therapy, Diving/adverse effects, Humans, Hyperbaric Oxygenation, Labyrinth Diseases/etiology/therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Vestibule, Labyrinth/injuries Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Nachum,Z., Shupak,A., Spitzer,O., Sharoni,Z., Doweck,I., Gordon,C. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Soil temperature and plant growth stage influence nitrogen uptake and amino acid concentration of apple during early spring growth	2001	Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tree physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Tree Physiol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 21 Issue 8 Start Page 541 Other Pages 547 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 100955338; 0 (Amino Acids); 0 (Soil); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); ppublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 0829-318X; 0829-318X Accession Number PMID: 11359712 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11359712 Abstract In spring, nitrogen (N) uptake by apple roots begins about 3 weeks after bud break. We used 1-year-old 'Fuji' Malus domestica Borkh on M26 bare-root apple trees to determine whether the onset of N uptake in spring is dependent solely on the growth stage of the plant or is a function of soil temperature. Five times during early season growth, N uptake and total amino acid concentration were measured in trees growing at aboveground day/night temperatures of 23/15 degrees C and belowground temperatures of 8, 12, 16 or 20 degrees C. We used (15NH4)(15NO3) to measure total N uptake and rate of uptake and found that both were significantly influenced by both soil temperature and plant growth stage. Rate of uptake of 15N increased with increasing soil temperature and changed with plant growth stage. Before bud break, 15N was not detected in trees growing in the 8 degrees C soil treatment, whereas 15N uptake increased with increasing soil temperatures between 12 and 20 degrees C. Ten days after bud break, 15N was still not detected in trees growing in the 8 degrees C soil treatment, although total 15N uptake and uptake rate continued to increase with increasing soil temperatures between 12 and 20 degrees C. Twenty-one days after bud break, trees in all temperature treatments were able to acquire 15N from the soil, although the amount of uptake increased with increasing soil temperature. Distribution of 15N in trees changed as plants grew. Most of the 15N absorbed by trees before bud break (approximately 5% of 15N supplied per tree) remained in the roots. Forty-six days after bud break, approximately one-third of the 15N absorbed by the trees in the 12-20 degrees C soil temperature treatments remained in the roots, whereas the shank, stem and new growth contained about two-thirds of the 15N taken up by the roots. Total amino acid concentration and distribution of amino acids in trees changed with plant growth stage, but only the amino acid concentration in new growth and roots was affected by soil temperature. We conclude that a combination of low soil temperature and plant developmental stage influences the ability of apple trees to take up and use N from the soil in the spring. Thus, early fertilizer application in the spring when soil temperatures are low or when the aboveground portion of the tree is not actively growing may be ineffective in promoting N uptake. Descriptors Amino Acids/analysis/metabolism, Malus/growth & development/physiology, Nitrogen/metabolism/physiology, Plant Roots/chemistry, Plant Stems/chemistry, Seasons, Soil, Temperature, Trees/growth & development/physiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dong,S., Scagel,C. F., Cheng,L., Fuchigami,L. H., Rygiewicz,P. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The effect of smoking on periodontal conditions assessed by CPITN	1999	Division of Periodontics, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, King Saud University, College of Dentistry, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Odonto-stomatologie tropicale = Tropical dental journal Periodical, Abbrev. Odontostomatol.Trop. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 22 Issue 87 Start Page 38 Other Pages 40 Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 8103679; ppublish Place of Publication Senegal ISSN/ISBN 0251-172X; 0251-172X Accession Number PMID: 11372153 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11372153 Abstract One hundred eighty subjects were examined to assess the effect of smoking on periodontal conditions by community periodontal index for treatment needs (CPITN). All subjects were interviewed regarding their oral hygiene habits. Data were entered to the computer and statistical analysis system (SAS) was utilised. Results showed that the frequency of smokers is 31% where 25.9% of this were male. Smokers use toothbrush in performing their oral hygiene more than non-smokers. Results also showed that periodontal conditions as measured by CPITN were not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers. However, further studies with more sensitive periodontal indices are recommended in the future to assess the differences between both groups. Descriptors Adult, Chi-Square Distribution, Cohort Studies, Dental Calculus/classification, Female, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oral Hygiene, Periodontal Diseases/classification, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification, Saudi Arabia, Sex Factors, Smoking, Statistics as Topic, Toothbrushing/instrumentation Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Awartani,F., al-Jasser,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Detection of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella species in human feces by using group-specific PCR primers and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	2001	Institute of Food Technology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied and Environmental Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 67 Issue 6 Start Page 2578 Other Pages 2585 Notes LR: 20140613; JID: 7605801; 0 (DNA Primers); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); OID: NLM: PMC92910; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0099-2240; 0099-2240 Accession Number PMID: 11375166 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1128/AEM.67.6.2578-2585.2001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11375166 Abstract Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of DNA fragments generated by PCR with 16S ribosomal DNA-targeted group-specific primers was used to detect lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of the genera Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella in human feces. Analysis of fecal samples of four subjects revealed individual profiles of DNA fragments originating not only from species that have been described as intestinal inhabitants but also from characteristically food-associated bacteria such as Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus curvatus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Comparison of PCR-DGGE results with those of bacteriological culture showed that the food-associated species could not be cultured from the fecal samples by plating on Rogosa agar. On the other hand, all of the LAB species cultured from feces were detected in the DGGE profile. We also detected changes in the types of LAB present in human feces during consumption of a milk product containing the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus DR20. The analysis of fecal samples from two subjects taken before, during, and after administration of the probiotic revealed that L. rhamnosus was detectable by PCR-DGGE during the test period in the feces of both subjects, whereas it was detectable by culture in only one of the subjects. Descriptors Adult, Clinical Trials as Topic, DNA Primers, DNA, Ribosomal/genetics/isolation & purification, Electrophoresis/methods, Feces/microbiology, Female, Humans, Lactobacillaceae/genetics/isolation & purification, Lactobacillus/isolation & purification, Leuconostoc/isolation & purification, Male, Nucleic Acid Denaturation, Pediococcus/isolation & purification, Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, Probiotics/pharmacology, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics/isolation & purification, Streptococcaceae/genetics/isolation & purification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Walter,J., Hertel,C., Tannock,G. W., Lis,C. M., Munro,K., Hammes,W. P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC92910 Editors
Smoking affects the subgingival microflora in periodontitis	2001	Department of Oral Biology, Section of Clinical Periodontal Microbiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 72 Issue 5 Start Page 666 Other Pages 671 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8000345; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0022-3492; 0022-3492 Accession Number PMID: 11394403 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D; IM DOI 10.1902/jop.2001.72.5.666 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11394403 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking has been identified as one major risk factor for destructive periodontal disease. Scaling and root planing have been shown to be less effective in smokers with periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to compare the subgingival microbial flora of treated and untreated smokers and non-smokers. METHODS: Four independent adult patient groups with periodontitis were included in this investigation: 88 untreated smokers (U-S); 90 untreated non-smokers (U-NS); 119 treated non-smokers (T-NS); and 171 treated smokers (T-S). Clinical variables included cumulative plaque index (CPI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), cumulative bleeding index (CBI), and cumulative suppuration index (CSI). Paper point samples from the deepest bleeding pocket in each quadrant of the dentition were analyzed for the presence and levels of 6 periodontal bacterial pathogens using anaerobic culture techniques. RESULTS: U-S showed a higher mean cumulative plaque index than U-NS (3.5 versus 2.7). Mean PD and mean CAL were higher in the T-S in comparison to the T-NS group (7.0 versus 6.6 mm and 5.6 versus 4.7 mm, respectively). Microbiological characteristics of U-S were a higher prevalence of Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens and higher mean levels of Peptostreptococcus micros (Pm) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). T-S patients were characterized by higher prevalence of Bacteroides forsythus (Bf), Pm, and Campylobacter rectus (Cr) and higher mean levels of Pm and Fn. The mean percentage of B. forsythus tended to be higher in the T-S group than in the T-NS group (6.9% versus 5.6%). The relative risk to be infected with Bf, Pm, and Cr was statistically higher in smokers (odds ratios: 1.9, 1.9, and 1.6, respectively). The chance to find > or =10% of Bf, Pm, and/or Fn was 3.3 higher in smokers when A. actinomycetemcomitans and P gingivalis were absent. Detection of > or =20% Pm/Fn in treated patients was strongly associated with smoking (odds ratio 13.8, P= 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Smoking is a determining factor for the composition of the subgingival microflora in adult patients with periodontitis and may select for a specific cluster of periodontal pathogens, notably Bf, Pm, Fn, and Cr. On the basis of these observations, smoking, among other criteria, may be one parameter to use in deciding to treat refractory periodontitis in smokers with a systemic antibiotic therapy directed against smoking-associated periodontal bacteria. Descriptors Adult, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/classification, Bacteroides/classification, Campylobacter/classification, Chi-Square Distribution, Dental Plaque Index, Fusobacterium nucleatum/classification, Gingiva/microbiology, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification/microbiology, Gram-Negative Bacteria/classification, Humans, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Peptostreptococcus/classification, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/microbiology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification/microbiology, Periodontitis/microbiology/therapy, Porphyromonas gingivalis/classification, Prevotella/classification, Prevotella intermedia/classification, Risk Factors, Smoking/physiopathology, Statistics, Nonparametric Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors van Winkelhoff,A. J., Bosch-Tijhof,C. J., Winkel,E. G., van der Reijden,W. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Untreated periodontal disease in Indonesian adolescents. Subgingival microbiota in relation to experienced progression of periodontitis	2001	Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, ACTA, The Netherlands. M.Timmerman@acta.nl	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 28 Issue 7 Start Page 617 Other Pages 627 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0425123; ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 11422582 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI cpe280703 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11422582 Abstract BACKGROUND/AIMS: In an Indonesian population deprived of regular dental care, the experienced progression of disease between baseline (1987) and follow-up (1994) was investigated in relation to the composition of the subgingival microbiota at follow-up. At baseline the age ranged from 15 to 25 years. Clinical and microbiological evaluation was completed in 158 of the 167 subjects available at follow-up. METHODS: Plaque index (PI), pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and attachment loss (AL) were scored at the approximal surfaces of all teeth and subgingival calculus on the approximal surfaces of the Ramfjord teeth only (number of sites with subgingival calculus: NSC). A pooled sample of the deepest pocket in each quadrant was evaluated using microbiological culture techniques. RESULTS: At baseline the mean values of the clinical parameters were AL=0.35 mm, PI=1.01, BOP=0.80 PD=3.25 mm and NSC=6.04 and at follow-up AL=0.75 mm, PI=1.16, BOP=1.19, PD=3.34 mm and NSC=5.85. All parameters except PD and NSC showed a statistically significant increase. At follow-up the prevalence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was 40%, of Porphyromonas gingivalis 67%, of Prevotella intermedia 66%, of Fusobacterium nucleatum 79%, of Bacteroides forsythus 16%, of Campylobacter rectus 4%, and of P. micros 6%. No differences in clinical parameters were found between groups with or without these micro-organisms. In 129 subjects AL of > or =2 mm at > or =1 site was found. Logistic regression showed three significant odds-ratio's for experienced progressive periodontitis: Plaque index (12.2), gender (3.4) and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (2.9). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this retrospective study suggest that plaque is the most important parameter related to experienced disease progression, and that the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans may be associated with increased chance of disease progression. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/growth & development, Bacteria/classification, Bacteroides/growth & development, Campylobacter/growth & development, Confidence Intervals, Dental Calculus/classification, Dental Plaque Index, Disease Progression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fusobacterium nucleatum/growth & development, Gingiva/microbiology, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification/microbiology, Humans, Indonesia, Logistic Models, Male, Odds Ratio, Peptostreptococcus/growth & development, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/microbiology, Periodontal Diseases/microbiology/physiopathology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification/microbiology, Periodontitis/microbiology/physiopathology, Porphyromonas gingivalis/growth & development, Prevotella intermedia/growth & development, Retrospective Studies, Sex Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Timmerman,M. F., Van der Weijden,G. A., Arief,E. M., Armand,S., Abbas,F., Winkel,E. G., Van Winkelhoff,A. J., Van der Velden,U. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Standardized method for in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida albicans biofilms	2001	Department of Microbiology, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78245, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 45 Issue 9 Start Page 2475 Other Pages 2479 Notes LR: 20140613; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); OID: NLM: PMC90680; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0066-4804; 0066-4804 Accession Number PMID: 11502517 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11502517 Abstract Candida albicans is implicated in many biomaterial-related infections. Typically, these infections are associated with biofilm formation. Cells in biofilms display phenotypic traits that are dramatically different from those of their free-floating planktonic counterparts and are notoriously resistant to antimicrobial agents. Consequently, biofilm-related infections are inherently difficult to treat and to fully eradicate with normal treatment regimens. Here, we report a rapid and highly reproducible microtiter-based colorimetric assay for the susceptibility testing of fungal biofilms, based on the measurement of metabolic activities of the sessile cells by using a formazan salt reduction assay. The assay was used for in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of several C. albicans strains grown as biofilms against amphotericin B and fluconazole and the increased resistance of C. albicans biofilms against these antifungal agents was demonstrated. Because of its simplicity, compatibility with a widely available 96-well microplate platform, high throughput, and automation potential, we believe this assay represents a promising tool for the standardization of in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of fungal biofilms. Descriptors Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/drug effects, Candida albicans/drug effects, Cell Count, Colorimetry, Fluconazole/pharmacology, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests/standards, Reproducibility of Results Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ramage,G., Vande Walle,K., Wickes,B. L., Lopez-Ribot,J. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC90680 Editors
Alcohol drinking patterns among Jewish and Arab men and women in Israel	2001	Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel. yneumark@md2.huji.ac.il	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of studies on alcohol Periodical, Abbrev. J.Stud.Alcohol Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 62 Issue 4 Start Page 443 Other Pages 447 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7503813; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0096-882X; 0096-882X Accession Number PMID: 11513222 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11513222 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Jews and Muslim Arabs comprise the bulk of modern Israeli society. Jewish tradition permits controlled alcohol drinking, whereas Muslim tradition prohibits the use of any alcohol. Increasing exposure of the traditionally conservative Arab sector to the Western culture of modern Israel might impact on and be reflected in the drinking patterns of these two populations. The influence of religiosity and other factors on drinking patterns of Jewish and Arab adults are examined using data from a 1995 national household survey. METHOD: Past month drinking is assessed in this nationally representative sample of nearly 5,000 Jews and 1,000 Arabs (N = 5,954, 60% women). Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) are presented to describe associations between any and heavy drinking and nationality group, religiosity, education and marital status among men and women. Modification of the nationality-drinking relationship by religiosity is also examined. RESULTS: Any past-month drinking was reported more often by Jewish respondents than Arab respondents (OR = 2.9, 95% Cl: 2.5-3.4), and this difference remained statistically significant after accounting for the effects of the other covariables. This cross-nationality difference was more pronounced among women (OR = 6.4, 95% Cl: 4.6-8.8) than men (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.8-2.9). The proportion of drinkers who reported heavy drinking in the past month, however, was lower among Jews (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.2-0.4). Significantly higher rates of drinking were noted for secular men and women than for religious respondents in both nationality groups. Rates of drinking were more similar among secular Arabs and Jews than among religious respondents of these nationality groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results add support to the theory that adherence to religious traditions continues to serve as a barrier against drinking among both Arabs and Jews. Further work is required to determine if these patterns are stable over time and whether genetic factors are contributing to the sociocultural influences. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology/ethnology, Arabs/statistics & numerical data, Catchment Area (Health), Cross-Cultural Comparison, Educational Status, Female, Humans, Israel/epidemiology, Jews/statistics & numerical data, Male, Religion, Sex Distribution, Surveys and Questionnaires Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Neumark,Y. D., Rahav,G., Teichman,M., Hasin,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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