WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Quantitative ultrasound and bone mineral density are equally strongly associated with risk factors for osteoporosis	2001	Osteoporosis Screening and Research Unit, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Bone Miner.Res. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 16 Issue 2 Start Page 406 Other Pages 416 Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 8610640; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0884-0431; 0884-0431 Accession Number PMID: 11204441 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.2.406 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11204441 Abstract Because resources do not allow all women to be screened for osteoporosis, clinical risk factors are often used to identify those individuals at increased risk of fracture who are then assessed by bone densitometry. The aim of this study was to compare calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and axial bone mineral density (BMD) T and Z scores in a large group of women, some with no clinical risk factors and others with one or more risk factors for osteoporosis. The study population consisted of 1115 pre- and postmenopausal women. A subgroup of 530 women was used to construct reference data for calculating T and Z scores. A total of 786 women was found to have one or more of the following risk factors: (i) atraumatic fracture since the age of 25 years, (ii) report of X-ray osteopenia, (iii) predisposing medical condition or use of therapy known to affect bone metabolism, (iv) premature menopause before the age of 45 years or a history of amenorrhea of longer than 6 months duration, (v) family history of osteoporosis, (vi) body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m2, and (vii) current smoking habit. Calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) measurements were performed on a Hologic Sahara and a DTUone and BMD was measured at the spine and hip using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The Z score decrements associated with the seven risk factors calculated using multivariate regression analysis were similar for QUS and BMD measurements. Z score decrements (mean of BMD and QUS measurements combined) associated with a history of atraumatic fracture (-0.67), X-ray osteopenia (-0.36), a family history of osteoporosis (-0.23), and a low BMI (-0.53) were all statistically significant compared with women with no risk factors. Z score decrements associated with a medical condition or use of therapy known to affect bone metabolism, a premature menopause or prolonged amenorrhea, or those who were current smokers were not significantly different from zero. As the number of risk factors present in each individual increased, the mean Z score decrements became more negative, increasing from -0.28 for women with one risk factor to -1.19 for those with four or more risk factors. QUS and BMD measurements yielded similar mean Z scores for women with one, two, three, or more than four risk factors. Using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria to diagnose osteoporosis for BMD measurements and revised diagnostic criteria for QUS, approximately one-third of postmenopausal women aged 50+ years with clinical risk factors were classified as osteoporotic compared with only 12% of women without clinical risk factors. Over two-thirds of postmenopausal women with risk factors were classified as osteopenic or osteoporotic and approximately 28% were classified as normal. The proportion of women classified into each diagnostic category was similar for BMD and QUS. In conclusion, clinical risk factors for osteoporosis affected calcaneal BUA and SOS Z score measurements to the same extent as axial BMD Z score measurements. Provided revised diagnostic criteria are adopted for QUS, similar proportions of postmenopausal women are identified as osteopenic or osteoporotic as with BMD. Descriptors Absorptiometry, Photon, Adult, Bone Density, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis/physiopathology/ultrasonography, Prevalence, Risk Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Frost,M. L., Blake,G. M., Fogelman,I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Cigarette smoking negatively affects healing response following flap debridement surgery	2001	Research Center for the Study of Periodontal Diseases, University of Ferrara, Italy.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 72 Issue 1 Start Page 43 Other Pages 49 Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 8000345; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0022-3492; 0022-3492 Accession Number PMID: 11210072 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI 10.1902/jop.2001.72.1.43 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11210072 Abstract BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present parallel design, controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the treatment outcome following flap debridement surgery (FDS) in cigarette smokers compared to non-smokers. METHODS: After initial therapy, 57 systemically healthy subjects with moderate to advanced periodontitis who presented with one area (at least 3 teeth) where surgery was required were selected. Twenty-eight patients (mean age: 39.6 years, 20 males) were smokers (> or = 10 cigarettes/day); 29 patients (mean age: 43.9 years, 7 males) were non-smokers. Full-mouth plaque (FMP) and bleeding on probing (BOP) scores, probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and recession depth (RD) were assessed immediately before and 6 months following surgery. Only sites with presurgery PD > or = 4 mm were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Presurgery FMP and BOP were similar in smokers and non-smokers and significantly decreased postsurgery in both groups. Overall, PD reduction and CAL gain were greater, although not significantly, in non-smokers (2.4 +/- 0.9 mm and 1.6 +/- 0.7 mm, respectively) than in smokers (1.9 +/- 0.7 mm and 1.2 +/- 0.7 mm, respectively). For moderate sites (PD 4 to 6 mm), no significant differences in PD and CAL changes were found between groups. For deep sites (PD > or = 7 mm), PD reduction was 3.0 +/- 1.0 mm in smokers and 4.0 +/- 0.8 mm in non-smokers, and CAL gain amounted to 1.8 +/- 1.1 mm in smokers and 2.8 +/- 1.0 mm in non-smokers (P = 0.0477). In smokers, 16% of deep sites healed to postsurgery PD values or = 2 mm, as compared to 82% in non-smokers (P = 0.0000). CONCLUSIONS: Results of the study indicated that: 1) FDS determined a statistically significant PD reduction and CAL gain in patients with moderate to advanced periodontitis; 2) smokers exhibited a trend towards less favorable healing response following FDS compared to non-smokers, both in terms of PD reduction and CAL gain; and 3) this trend reached clinical and statistical significance at sites with initial deep PD. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Chi-Square Distribution, Confidence Intervals, Debridement, Dental Plaque Index, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gingival Hemorrhage/surgery, Gingival Recession/surgery, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Periodontal Attachment Loss/surgery, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/surgery, Periodontitis/surgery, Single-Blind Method, Smoking/adverse effects, Statistics as Topic, Surgical Flaps, Treatment Outcome, Wound Healing Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Scabbia,A., Cho,K. S., Sigurdsson,T. J., Kim,C. K., Trombelli,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The physiological kinetics of nitrogen and the prevention of decompression sickness	2001	Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. David.Doolette@adelaide.edu.au	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical pharmacokinetics Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Pharmacokinet. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 40 Issue 1 Start Page 1 Other Pages 14 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 7606849; N762921K75 (Nitrogen); EIN: Clin Pharmacokinet 2001;40(3):235; RF: 97; ppublish Place of Publication New Zealand ISSN/ISBN 0312-5963; 0312-5963 Accession Number PMID: 11236806 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.2165/00003088-200140010-00001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11236806 Abstract Decompression sickness (DCS) is a potentially crippling disease caused by intracorporeal bubble formation during or after decompression from a compressed gas underwater dive. Bubbles most commonly evolve from dissolved inert gas accumulated during the exposure to increased ambient pressure. Most diving is performed breathing air, and the inert gas of interest is nitrogen. Divers use algorithms based on nitrogen kinetic models to plan the duration and degree of exposure to increased ambient pressure and to control their ascent rate. However, even correct execution of dives planned using such algorithms often results in bubble formation and may result in DCS. This reflects the importance of idiosyncratic host factors that are difficult to model, and deficiencies in current nitrogen kinetic models. Models describing the exchange of nitrogen between tissues and blood may be based on distributed capillary units or lumped compartments, either of which may be perfusion- or diffusion-limited. However, such simplistic models are usually poor predictors of experimental nitrogen kinetics at the organ or tissue level, probably because they fail to account for factors such as heterogeneity in both tissue composition and blood perfusion and non-capillary exchange mechanisms. The modelling of safe decompression procedures is further complicated by incomplete understanding of the processes that determine bubble formation. Moreover, any formation of bubbles during decompression alters subsequent nitrogen kinetics. Although these factors mandate complex resolutions to account for the interaction between dissolved nitrogen kinetics and bubble formation and growth, most decompression schedules are based on relatively simple perfusion-limited lumped compartment models of blood: tissue nitrogen exchange. Not surprisingly, all models inevitably require empirical adjustment based on outcomes in the field. Improvements in the predictive power of decompression calculations are being achieved using probabilistic bubble models, but divers will always be subject to the possibility of developing DCS despite adherence to prescribed limits. Descriptors Algorithms, Brain/metabolism, Capillaries/metabolism, Decompression/adverse effects, Decompression Sickness/blood/prevention & control, Diving/adverse effects, Humans, Models, Biological, Musculoskeletal System/metabolism, Nitrogen/blood/pharmacokinetics, Spinal Cord/metabolism, Tissue Distribution Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Doolette,D. J., Mitchell,S. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Metabolites of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen in nonsmoking women exposed to environmental tobacco smoke	2001	Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454, USA. anderson_k@epi.umn.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the National Cancer Institute Periodical, Abbrev. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. Pub Date Free Form 7-Mar Volume 93 Issue 5 Start Page 378 Other Pages 381 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: CA81301/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7503089; 0 (4-((methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)but-1-yl)beta-omega-glucosiduronic acid); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Glucuronates); 0 (Nitrosamines); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine) Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0027-8874; 0027-8874 Accession Number PMID: 11238699 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11238699 Abstract BACKGROUND: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with lung cancer in nonsmokers. Most epidemiologic studies find a higher risk for lung cancer in nonsmoking women married to smokers than in those married to nonsmokers. We measured metabolites of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen in urine from healthy, nonsmoking women exposed to ETS. METHODS: We recruited women and their partners through advertisements. Couples completed questionnaires on smoking history and demographics, and both partners provided 100 mL of urine; 23 women had male partners who smoked in the home (i.e., exposed women), and 22 women had male partners who did not smoke (i.e., unexposed women). Urine samples were analyzed for nicotine, for cotinine, for 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and its glucuronide (NNAL-Gluc), as well as for creatinine. NNAL and NNAL-Gluc are metabolites of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Unpaired Student's t tests were conducted on log-transformed values. All statistical tests are two-sided. RESULTS: Urinary levels of nicotine, cotinine, NNAL, and NNAL-Gluc were statistically significantly higher in exposed women than in unexposed women. Geometric means for these compounds in exposed versus unexposed women, respectively, were as follows: nicotine, 0.050 nmol/mg of creatinine (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.033 to 0.076) versus 0.008 nmol/mg of creatinine (95% CI = 0.004 to 0.014); cotinine, 0.037 nmol/mg of creatinine (95% CI = 0.022 to 0.061) versus 0.007 nmol/mg of creatinine (95% CI = 0.004 to 0.011); NNAL, 0.013 pmol/mg of creatinine (95% CI = 0.007 to 0.024) versus 0.004 pmol/mg of creatinine (95% CI = 0.002 to 0.007); and NNAL-Gluc, 0.027 pmol/mg of creatinine (95% CI = 0.016 to 0.045) versus 0.004 pmol/mg of creatinine (95% CI = 0.003 to 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Nonsmoking women exposed to ETS take up and metabolize the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen NNK, which could increase their risk of lung cancer. Within couples, the NNAL plus NNAL-Gluc level in exposed women compared with that of their smoking partners averaged 5.6%. Notably, epidemiologic studies have estimated the excess risk for lung cancer in nonsmoking women exposed to ETS as 1%-2% of that in smokers. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Carcinogens/adverse effects/metabolism, Cotinine/urine, Creatinine/urine, Female, Glucuronates/urine, Humans, Lung Neoplasms/etiology/metabolism/urine, Middle Aged, Nicotine/urine, Nitrosamines/urine, Risk, Risk Factors, Smoking/adverse effects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Anderson,K. E., Carmella,S. G., Ye,M., Bliss,R. L., Le,C., Murphy,L., Hecht,S. S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The microbiology of South African traditional fermented milks	2001	ARC-Animal Nutrition and Animal Products Institute, Irene, South Africa. elbie@iapi.agric.za	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of food microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 15-Feb Volume 63 Issue 3 Start Page 189 Other Pages 197 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 8412849; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0168-1605; 0168-1605 Accession Number PMID: 11246902 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S0168160500004177 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11246902 Abstract A total of 15 samples of traditional fermented milk were collected from individual households in South Africa and Namibia. Lactic acid bacteria dominated the microflora of these samples, especially the genera Leuconostoc, Lactococcus and Lactobacillus. Other groups identified included pyogenic streptococci and enterococci. The dominant lactococci species was Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. Eighty-three percent of the leuconostoc isolates were identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum. Other species identified included Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc lactis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis and Lactobacillus plantarum. Descriptors Animals, Cattle, Colony Count, Microbial, Enterococcus/isolation & purification, Female, Fermentation, Food Microbiology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lactobacillus/classification/isolation & purification, Lactococcus/isolation & purification, Leuconostoc/isolation & purification, Milk/microbiology, Namibia, South Africa, Streptococcaceae/classification/isolation & purification, Streptococcus/isolation & purification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Beukes,E. M., Bester,B. H., Mostert,J. F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market	2001	Tokyo Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health, Japan. uematsu@tokyo-eiken.go.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Food additives and contaminants Periodical, Abbrev. Food Addit.Contam. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 18 Issue 2 Start Page 177 Other Pages 185 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8500474; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Chlorohydrins); 0 (Coffee); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (bisphenol F diglycidyl ether); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0265-203X; 0265-203X Accession Number PMID: 11288915 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1080/02652030010005501 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11288915 Abstract BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GC-MS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1 mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl anti BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5 mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol. Descriptors Benzhydryl Compounds, Carcinogens/analysis, Chlorohydrins/analysis/chemistry, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Coffee/chemistry, Epoxy Compounds/analysis, Food Contamination, Food Packaging, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Japan, Vegetables/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Uematsu,Y., Hirata,K., Suzuki,K., Iida,K., Saito,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationship between right-to-left shunts and cutaneous decompression illness	2001	The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury SY3 8XQ, UK.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical science (London, England : 1979) Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Sci.(Lond) Pub Date Free Form May Volume 100 Issue 5 Start Page 539 Other Pages 542 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 7905731; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0143-5221; 0143-5221 Accession Number PMID: 11294694 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11294694 Abstract The presence of a large right-to-left shunt is associated with neurological decompression illness after non-provocative dives, as a result of paradoxical gas embolism. A small number of observations suggest that cutaneous decompression illness is also associated with a right-to-left shunt, although an embolic aetiology of a diffuse rash is more difficult to explain. We performed a retrospective case--control comparison of the prevalence and sizes of right-to-left shunts determined by contrast echocardiography performed blind to history in 60 divers and one caisson worker with a history of cutaneous decompression illness, and 123 historical control divers. We found that 47 (77.0%) of the 61 cases with cutaneous decompression illness had a shunt, compared with 34 (27.6%) of 123 control divers (P<0.001). The size of the shunts in the divers with cutaneous decompression illness was significantly greater than in the controls. Thus 30 (49.2%) of the 61 cases with cutaneous decompression illness had a large shunt at rest, compared with six (4.9%) of the 123 controls (P<0.001). During closure procedures in 17 divers who had cutaneous decompression illness, the mean diameter of the foramen ovale was 10.9 mm. Cutaneous decompression illness occurred after dives that were provocative or deep in subjects without shunts, but after shallower and non-provocative dives in those with shunts. The latter individuals are at increased risk of neurological decompression illness. We conclude that cutaneous decompression illness has two pathophysiological mechanisms. It is usually associated with a large right-to-left shunt, when the mechanism is likely to be paradoxical gas embolism with peripheral amplification when bubble emboli invade tissues supersaturated with nitrogen. Cutaneous decompression illness can also occur in individuals without a shunt. In these subjects, the mechanism might be bubble emboli passing through an 'overloaded' lung filter or autochthonous bubble formation. Descriptors Case-Control Studies, Decompression Sickness/etiology, Female, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications/surgery/ultrasonography, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Skin Diseases/etiology, Valsalva Maneuver/physiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wilmshurst,P. T., Pearson,M. J., Walsh,K. P., Morrison,W. L., Bryson,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationship of cigarette smoking to attachment level profiles	2001	Department of Periodontology, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA 02115-3799, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 28 Issue 4 Start Page 283 Other Pages 295 Notes LR: 20071114; GR: DE-10977/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: DE-12108/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: DE-12861/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: etc.; JID: 0425123; ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 11314883 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11314883 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The present investigation examined clinical features of periodontal disease and patterns of attachment loss in adult periodontitis subjects who were current, past or never smokers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 289 adult periodontitis subjects ranging in age from 20-86 years with at least 20 teeth and at least 4 sites with pocket depth and/or attachment level >4 mm were recruited. Smoking history was obtained using a questionnaire. Measures of plaque accumulation, overt gingivitis, bleeding on probing, suppuration, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level were taken at 6 sites per tooth at all teeth excluding 3rd molars at a baseline visit. Subjects were subset according to smoking history into never, past and current smokers and for certain analyses into age categories 49. Uni- and multi-variate analyses examined associations between smoking category, age and clinical parameters. RESULTS: Current smokers had significantly more attachment loss, missing teeth, deeper pockets and fewer sites exhibiting bleeding on probing than past or never smokers. Current smokers had greater attachment loss than past or never smokers whether the subjects had mild, moderate or severe initial attachment loss. Increasing age and smoking status were independently significantly related to mean attachment level and the effect of these parameters was additive. Mean attachment level in non smokers 49 years was 2.49 and 4.10 mm respectively. Stepwise multiple linear regression indicated that age, pack years and being a current smoker were strongly associated with mean attachment level. Full mouth attachment level profiles indicated that smokers had more attachment loss than never smokers particularly at maxillary lingual sites and at lower anterior teeth. CONCLUSIONS: In accord with other studies, smokers had evidence of more severe periodontal disease than past or never smokers. At all levels of mean attachment loss, smokers exhibited more disease than never smokers. Difference in mean attachment level between smokers and never smokers at individual sites was not uniform. Significantly more loss was observed at maxillary lingual sites and lower anterior teeth suggesting the possibility of a local effect of cigarette smoking. Descriptors Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Dental Plaque/classification, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Gingivitis/classification, Humans, Linear Models, Mandible/pathology, Maxilla/pathology, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/pathology/physiopathology, Periodontal Pocket/classification/pathology/physiopathology, Periodontitis/physiopathology, Risk Factors, Smoking/physiopathology, Suppuration, Tooth Loss/classification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Haffajee,A. D., Socransky,S. S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Cigarette smoking, salivary/gingival crevicular fluid cotinine and periodontal status. A 10-year longitudinal study	2001	University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis 55455, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 28 Issue 4 Start Page 331 Other Pages 339 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0425123; K5161X06LL (Cotinine); CIN: J Clin Periodontol. 2001 Sep;28(9):895. PMID: 11493362; ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 11314889 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11314889 Abstract BACKGROUND, AIMS: The primary purpose of this study was to determine the association of salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cotinine levels with periodontal disease status in smokers and non-smokers. METHODS: 147 male smokers and 30 male non-smokers were included in the current longitudinal study. The 177 individuals were part of a group of 200 subjects (89%) seen 10 years previously for a baseline survey. Oral hygiene indices, probing depth and attachment loss were recorded. Salivary and GCF cotinine levels of 58 smokers were determined by means of ELISA. RESULTS: Results indicated that no significant difference was found in subjects who smoked, when compared to subjects who did not smoke with respect to plaque accumulation and calculus deposits. Smokers, however, had fewer gingival bleeding sites. Cigarette smoking was associated with a greater increase in probing depth and attachment loss, as well as greater tooth loss at an earlier age. There was greater tooth loss in smokers than non-smokers (p or = 20 pack years when compared to or = 20 pack years when compared to 0.05). Descriptors Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Cotinine/analysis, Dental Calculus/classification, Dental Plaque/classification, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Humans, Jaw, Edentulous/classification, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Oral Hygiene Index, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification, Periodontal Diseases/classification/physiopathology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification, Regression Analysis, Saliva/chemistry, Smoking/metabolism/physiopathology, Statistics as Topic, Time Factors, Tooth Loss/classification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chen,X., Wolff,L., Aeppli,D., Guo,Z., Luan,W., Baelum,V., Fejeskov,O. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Longitudinal evaluation of GCF MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels as prognostic factors for progression of periodontitis	2001	University of the Pacific School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. talpagot@uop-edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 28 Issue 4 Start Page 353 Other Pages 359 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0425123; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Protease Inhibitors); 0 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1); EC 3.4.24.17 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 3); ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 11314892 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11314892 Abstract BACKGROUND: To determine whether matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) could serve as prognostic factors for the progression of periodontitis, we monitored GCF MMP-3 and TIMP-1 and periodontal status of selected sites in 40 medically healthy subjects over a 6-month period. METHOD: Clinical measurements including gingival index (GI), plaque index, bleeding on probing, suppuration, probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), and GCF samples were taken from 2 healthy sites (including sites with gingival recession, GI=0 PD or =1; PD > or =5 mm; AL > or =3 mm) of each patient at baseline, 3-month and 6-month visits by means of sterile paper strips. GCF levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 were determined by sandwich ELISA assays. RESULTS: The mean amounts of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in diseased sites were significantly higher than in healthy sites (p<0.0001). Significantly higher GCF levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 were found at progressing sites than in nonprogressing periodontitis sites (0.001 or =2 mm loss of attachment during 6- month study period. GCF levels of MMP-3 were highly correlated with clinical measurements taken at baseline, 3-month and 6-month visits (p<0.001). TIMP-1 levels were only moderately correlated with probing depth and attachment level (p<0.01). Step-wise multiple regression analysis was performed to construct models for the prediction of probing depth and attachment loss increases. The most parsimonious regression models which had the best R2 values included the following variables and accounted for the indicated % of variability. The regression model for the prediction of probing depth increase included MMP-3, smoking pack-years, TIMP-1 and accounted for 53% of the variability. The best model for the prediction of attachment loss increase included MMP-3, smoking pack-years, age, TIMP-1 and explained 59% of the variability. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that sites with high GCF levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 are at significantly greater risk for progression of periodontitis. Descriptors Adult, Age Factors, Analysis of Variance, Biomarkers/analysis, Dental Plaque Index, Disease Progression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Forecasting, Gingival Crevicular Fluid/enzymology, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification/enzymology, Gingival Recession/enzymology, Gingivitis/enzymology, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3/analysis, Middle Aged, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/enzymology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification/enzymology, Periodontitis/enzymology/physiopathology, Prognosis, Protease Inhibitors/analysis, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Smoking/physiopathology, Suppuration, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Alpagot,T., Bell,C., Lundergan,W., Chambers,D. W., Rudin,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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