Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title Sort descending | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Determinants of waterpipe use amongst adolescents in Northern Sweden: a survey of use pattern, risk perception, and environmental factors | 2015 | Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. rathi.ramji@pubcare.uu.se.; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. judy.arnetz@hc.msu.edu.; Department of Family Medicine, | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC research notes
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Res.Notes
Pub Date Free Form
15-Sep
Volume
8
Issue
Start Page
441
Other Pages
015-1413-4
Notes
LR: 20150918; JID: 101462768; OID: NLM: PMC4570251; 2014/10/07 [received]; 2015/09/07 [accepted]; 2015/09/15 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1756-0500; 1756-0500
Accession Number
PMID: 26374502
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/s13104-015-1413-4 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26374502
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Determinants of waterpipe use in adolescents are believed to differ from those for other tobacco products, but there is a lack of studies of possible social, cultural, or psychological aspects of waterpipe use in this population. This study applied a socioecological model to explore waterpipe use, and its relationship to other tobacco use in Swedish adolescents. METHODS: A total of 106 adolescents who attended an urban high-school in northern Sweden responded to an anonymous questionnaire. Prevalence rates for waterpipe use were examined in relation to socio-demographics, peer pressure, sensation seeking behavior, harm perception, environmental factors, and depression. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent reported ever having smoked waterpipe (ever use), with 30% having done so during the last 30 days (current use). Among waterpipe ever users, 60% had ever smoked cigarettes in comparison to 32% of non-waterpipe smokers (95% confidence interval 1.4-7.9). The odds of having ever smoked waterpipe were three times higher among male high school seniors as well as students with lower grades. Waterpipe ever users had three times higher odds of having higher levels of sensation-seeking (95% confidence interval 1.2-9.5) and scored high on the depression scales (95% confidence interval 1.6-6.8) than non-users. The odds of waterpipe ever use were four times higher for those who perceived waterpipe products to have pleasant smell compared to cigarettes (95% confidence interval 1.7-9.8). Waterpipe ever users were twice as likely to have seen waterpipe use on television compared to non-users (95% confidence interval 1.1-5.7). The odds of having friends who smoked regularly was eight times higher for waterpipe ever users than non-users (95% confidence interval 2.1-31.2). CONCLUSION: The current study reports a high use of waterpipe in a select group of students in northern Sweden. The study adds the importance of looking at socioecological determinants of use, including peer pressure and exposure to media marketing, as well as mental health among users.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ramji,R., Arnetz,J., Nilsson,M., Jamil,H., Norstrom,F., Maziak,W., Wiklund,Y., Arnetz,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150915
PMCID
PMC4570251
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples by solid-phase extraction using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as adsorbent coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | 2010 | Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shandong Province, Institute of Environment & Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China. majiping2001@yahoo.com.cn | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
20-Aug
Volume
1217
Issue
34
Start Page
5462
Other Pages
5469
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright 2010; JID: 9318488; 0 (Hexanes); 0 (Nanotubes, Carbon); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 2DDG612ED8 (n-hexane); 2010/02/11 [received]; 2010/06/16 [revised]; 2010/06/23 [
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1873-3778; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 20630533
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.chroma.2010.06.060 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20630533
Abstract
A solid-phase extraction (SPE) using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as adsorbent coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed for the determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water samples. Several condition parameters, such as extraction adsorbents, elution solvents and volumes, and sample loading flow rate and volume were optimized to obtain high SPE recoveries and extraction efficiency. 150mg MWCNTs as sorbent presented high extraction efficiency of 16 PAHs due to the large specific surface area and high adsorption capacity of MWCNTs compared with the commercial C18 column (250mg/2mL). The calibration curves of 16 PAHs extracted were linear in the range of 20-5000ngL(-1), with the correlation coefficients (r(2)) between 0.9848 and 0.9991. The method attained good precisions (relative standard deviation, RSD) from 1.2% to 12.1% for standard PAHs aqueous solutions; method recoveries ranged in 76.0-125.5%, 74.5-127.0%, and 70.0-122.0% for real spiked samples from river water, tap water and seawater, respectively. Limits of detection (LODs, S/N=3) of the method were determined from 2.0 to 8.5ngL(-1). The optimized method was successfully applied to the determination of 16 PAHs in real environmental water samples.
Descriptors
Adsorption, Fresh Water/chemistry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Hexanes/chemistry, Linear Models, Nanotubes, Carbon/chemistry, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Seawater/chemistry, Sensitivity and Specificity, Solid Phase Extraction/methods, Water/chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Ma,J., Xiao,R., Li,J., Yu,J., Zhang,Y., Chen,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100626
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water using fluorinated polyaniline-based solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography | 2012 | State key Laboratory of Pollutant Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental monitoring and assessment
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Monit.Assess.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul
Volume
184
Issue
7
Start Page
4345
Other Pages
4353
Notes
JID: 8508350; 0 (Aniline Compounds); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 0 (polyaniline); 2011/01/24 [received]; 2011/07/15 [accepted]; 2011/08/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1573-2959; 0167-6369
Accession Number
PMID: 21822575
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1007/s10661-011-2268-3 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21822575
Abstract
The study on the performance of a fluorinated polyaniline (PANI) as a fiber coating for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) had been reported and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were selected to evaluate the performance of this fiber. Various parameters including sample volume, extraction temperature, time of desorption and extraction, pH and ionic strength were investigated intensively. A direct comparison between PANI-SPME fiber and commercial fiber was conducted. The results showed that the PANI-SPME coating had high affinity towards target compounds and the proposed method was successfully applied for the detection of real samples: rainfall and Taihu Lake water collected from Southern China. The whole PANI-SPME-GC method offers acceptable accuracy, precision and sensitivity and low detection limits, which is applicable to monitor trace levels of PAHs in real water bodies.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Li,Y., Wang,Y., Zhang,J., Sun,C.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110806
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in air by solid phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry | 2004 | Laboratoire de Radiochimie, Sciences Analytiques et Environnement, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Anal.Bioanal Chem.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
380
Issue
6-May
Start Page
824
Other Pages
830
Notes
LR: 20160512; JID: 101134327; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); ppublish
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1618-2642; 1618-2642
Accession Number
PMID: 15517200
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1007/s00216-004-2837-1 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
15517200
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyse BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) in air by solid phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME/GC/MS), and this article presents the features of the calibration method proposed. Examples of real-world air analysis are given. Standard gaseous mixtures of BTEX in air were generated by dynamic dilution. SPME sampling was carried out under non-equilibrium conditions using a Carboxen/PDMS fibre exposed for 30 min to standard gas mixtures or to ambient air. The behaviour of the analytical response was studied from 0 to 65 microg/m3 by adding increasing amounts of BTEX to the air matrix. Detection limits range from 0.05 to 0.1 microg/m3 for benzene, depending on the fibre. Inter-fibre relative standard deviations (reproducibility) are larger than 18%, although the repeatability for an individual fibre is better than 10%. Therefore, each fibre should be considered to be a particular sampling device, and characterised individually depending on the required accuracy. Sampling indoor and outdoor air by SPME appears to be a suitable short-delay diagnostic method for volatile organic compounds, taking advantage of short sampling time and simplicity.
Descriptors
Air Pollutants/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Calibration, Environmental Monitoring, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Time Factors, Toluene/analysis, Xylenes/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Tumbiolo,S., Gal,J. F., Maria,P. C., Zerbinati,O.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes in indoor air at environmental levels using diffusive samplers in combination with headspace solid-phase microextraction and high-resolution gas chromatography-flame ionization detection | 1998 | Medizinisches Institut fur Umwelthygiene, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Dusseldorf, Germany. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
27-Nov
Volume
826
Issue
2
Start Page
191
Other Pages
200
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 9318488; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Indicators and Reagents); 0 (Xylenes); 16291-96-6 (Charcoal); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); S54S8B99E8 (Carbon Disulfide); Y4S76JWI15 (Met
Place of Publication
NETHERLANDS
ISSN/ISBN
0021-9673; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 9871339
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
9871339
Abstract
An improved analytical method for passive air sampling is presented based on a combination of commercially available diffusive samplers with headspace solid-phase microextraction and high-resolution gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (HRGC-FID). This procedure is targeted for short-term BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and o-, m- and p-xylenes) determinations at environmental concentrations and can be applied for sampling intervals between 30 min and 24 h. The analytes are adsorbed onto the charcoal pad of a passive sampler and then extracted with carbon disulphide-methanol. After removal of the carbon disulphide by xanthation, the BTEXs are enriched on a Carboxen SPME fiber, thermally desorbed and analysed by HRGC-FID. Detection limits for a sampling interval of 2 h are between 0.4 and 2 micrograms/m3, within-series precision ranges between 6.6 and 12.8%, day-to-day precision is between 11.1 and 15.2%. The results obtained with this procedure are validated by comparison with active sampling. Detection limits and a further reduction of the sampling time are limited by blanks of the chemicals and the diffusive samplers. Procedures to eliminate these blanks are described in detail. Applications such as the determination of BTEXs in indoor air inside buildings, inside a train and a car are presented, indicating the usefulness of the described procedure for short-term measurements of environmental BTEX concentrations. An advantage of passive samplers is the storage stability for at least six months, which is essential for its use in large epidemiological studies.
Descriptors
Adsorption, Air Pollutants/analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Carbon Disulfide, Charcoal, Chromatography, Gas/methods, Environmental Monitoring, Indicators and Reagents, Methanol, Sensitivity and Specificity, Time Factors, Toluene/analysis, Xylenes/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Elke,K., Jermann,E., Begerow,J., Dunemann,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in urban air of Thessaloniki, Greece | 2006 | Environmental Department, Municipality of Thessaloniki, Paparigopoulou 7, Thessaloniki 54630, Greece. kelesis@envdimosthes.gr | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
21
Issue
4
Start Page
440
Other Pages
443
Notes
LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright 2006; JID: 100885357; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1520-4081; 1520-4081
Accession Number
PMID: 16841317
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1002/tox.20197 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16841317
Abstract
In this study, quasicontinuous measurements of major aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes were carried out by means of an automatic gas chromatograph (GC-PID analyzer), in the urban air of Thessaloniki, at a mean level of 27 m above ground, during the years 2003 and 2004. The highest measured concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons were observed during the winter period of the year. The data indicate that the annual mean benzene concentration levels were around 1 ppb, less than the E.U. annual limit value of 5.0 microg m(-3) (1.44 ppb at STP). The diurnal variation of aromatic hydrocarbons suggests that emissions from motor vehicles are their dominant source, at the commercial center of the city, while meteorological conditions (wind speed and direction) are important variables that control the atmospheric abundance of these pollutants, especially during stagnant weather conditions that favor the development of land-sea breeze circulations.
Descriptors
Air Pollutants/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Chromatography, Gas, Cities, Environmental Monitoring, Greece, Toluene/analysis, Urban Health, Vehicle Emissions/analysis, Wind, Xylenes/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Kelessis,A. G., Petrakakis,M. J., Zoumakis,N. M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes in water at sub-ng l-1 levels by solid-phase microextraction coupled to cryo-trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | 2007 | Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC. mrlee@drgon.nchu.edu.tw | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Chemosphere
Periodical, Abbrev.
Chemosphere
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
69
Issue
9
Start Page
1381
Other Pages
1387
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 0320657; 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); 2006/12/26 [received]; 2007/05/01 [revised]; 2007/05/03 [accepted]; 2007/06/19 [aheado
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
0045-6535; 0045-6535
Accession Number
PMID: 17582460
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
S0045-6535(07)00615-7 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17582460
Abstract
A trace analytical method of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) in water has been developed by using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled to cryo-trap gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The chromatographic peak shape for BTEX was improved by using cryo-trap equipment. The HS-SPME experimental procedures to extract BTEX from water were optimized with a 75 microm carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS)-coated fiber at a sodium chloride concentration of 267 g l(-1), extraction for 15 min at 25 degrees C and desorption at 290 degrees C for 2 min. Good linearity was verified in a range of 0.0001-50 microg l(-1) for each analyte (r(2)=0.996-0.999). The limits of detection (LODs) of BTEX in water reached at sub-ng l(-1) levels. LODs of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m/p-xylene and o-xylene were 0.04, 0.02, 0.05, 0.01 and 0.02 ng l(-1), respectively. The proposed analytical method was successfully used for the quantification of trace BTEX in ground water. The results indicate that HS-SPME coupled to cryo-trap GC-MS is an effective tool for analysis of BTEX in water samples at the sub-ng l(-1) level.
Descriptors
Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Freezing, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Solid Phase Microextraction, Toluene/analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis, Xylenes/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lee,M. R., Chang,C. M., Dou,J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20070619
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and its hydrolysis and chlorohydroxy derivatives by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry | 2004 | Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Campus Sur University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of chromatography.A
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Chromatogr.A
Pub Date Free Form
2-Apr
Volume
1032
Issue
2-Jan
Start Page
37
Other Pages
43
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 9318488; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Ethers); 0 (Phenols); MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A); ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
0021-9673; 0021-9673
Accession Number
PMID: 15065774
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
15065774
Abstract
European Legislation establishes that the sum of the migration levels of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), its hydrolysis (BADGE.H2O and BADGE.2H2O) and chlorohydroxy (BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl and BADGE.H2O.HCl) derivatives shall not exceed the limit of 1 mg/kg in foodstuffs or food simulants. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method combined with mass spectrometry detection using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) is developed for the separation, quantification and identification of the interesting compounds. Quantification of the analytes was carried out in the single ion recording mode, once their characteristic masses were selected from their full spectra, by using an external calibration. The optimised method was suitable for the migration evaluation of these compounds in different samples.
Descriptors
Benzhydryl Compounds, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods, Ethers, Hydrolysis, Mass Spectrometry/methods, Phenols/analysis/chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Sendon Garcia,R., Paseiro Losada,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of bisphenol diglycidyl ether residues in canned foodstuffs by high performance liquid chromatography--tandem mass spectrometry | 2012 | Hubei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Wuhan 430050, China. zhaoxy@hbciq.gov.cn | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography / Zhongguo hua xue hui
Periodical, Abbrev.
Se Pu
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
30
Issue
10
Start Page
1002
Other Pages
1007
Notes
JID: 9424804; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (bisphenol F diglycidyl ether); ppublish
Place of Publication
China
ISSN/ISBN
1000-8713; 1000-8713
Accession Number
PMID: 23383486
Language
chi
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
23383486
Abstract
An accurate quantitative determination and confirmative method for bisphenol diglycidyl ether residues, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), bisphenol A (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE H2O), bisphenol A bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether (BADGE x 2H2O), bisphenol A (3-chloro-2-hydroxy propyl) (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ether (BADGE x H2O x HCl), bisphenol A (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE x HCl), bisphenol A bis(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) ether (BADGE x 2HCl), bisphenol F bis (2, 3-dihydroxypropyl) ether (BFDGE x 2H2O), bisphenol F bis (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) ether (BFDGE x 2HCl) in canned foodstuffs by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) has been established. The sample was extracted with tert-butylmethyl ether and the extract was cleaned-up and concentrated on a Waters Oasis HLB column. The target compounds were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS on a C18 column by the gradient elution with methanol and 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate containing 0.1% formic acid in a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) scan mode. External matrix standard solutions were used for the quantitative determination and the calibration curves showed good linearity in the concentration range of 10.0 -2 000.0 microg/L for the nine target compounds. The limits of quantification of the nine compounds were 10.0 microg/kg (S/N > or = 10). The average recoveries of the nine compounds ranged from 79.6% to 100.9% at the spiked levels of 10.0, 100.0, 1 000.0 microg/kg with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 6.3%-12.1%. The method is sensitive, accurate, and suitable for the rapid determination of bisphenol diglycidyl ether residues in canned foodstuffs.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Zhao,X., Fu,X., Wang,P., Li,J., Hu,X.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Determination of bisphenol diglycidyl ethers in topical dosage forms | 2006 | Department of Analytical Chemistry, Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. tes@dfuni.dk | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Pharm.Biomed.Anal.
Pub Date Free Form
13-Feb
Volume
40
Issue
2
Start Page
322
Other Pages
330
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 8309336; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (Ointments); 0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations); 0 (bisphenol F diglycidyl ether); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); 2005/04/27 [received]; 2005/07/29 [revised]; 200
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
0731-7085; 0731-7085
Accession Number
PMID: 16168608
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
S0731-7085(05)00545-5 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16168608
Abstract
A method involving extraction and LC-ESI-MS-MS detection of BADGE, BFDGE, BADGE*H2O, BADGE*2H2O, BADGE*HCl, BADGE*H2O*HCl, BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE*2HCl in aqueous cream was developed and validated. Initially, empty internally lacquered aluminum container closure systems were extracted with isopropanol as an attempt to estimate the upper limit of extractable bisphenol diglycidyl ethers present in lacquer. Six of the eight potential bisphenol diglycidyl ethers were quantified. In an accelerated experiment, on aqueous cream stored in lacquered aluminum tubes at 70 degrees C, all derivatives except BADGE*2HCl and BFDGE*2HCl were extracted from cream samples and quantified as an attempt to estimate the upper limit of compounds leaching to the cream. Detection limits were from 0.3+/-0.2 to 3.4+/-0.7 microgl(-1). Recoveries were determined for all compounds at three concentration levels (mean 63+/-6%). Mean inter-day and mean intra-day precision was 7+/-2 and 13+/-6%, respectively. Three commercially available creams were obtained from a local community pharmacy and analysed for bisphenol diglycidyl ethers. BADGE, BADGE*H2O, BADGE*2H2O and BADGE*H2O*HCl were detected and quantified. In conclusion, the developed method allows for the extraction and detection of bisphenol diglycidyl ethers originating from the epoxy phenol lacquer used in aluminum tubes. This study does not indicate that they leach into aqueous cream in significant amounts under normal storage conditions.
Descriptors
Benzhydryl Compounds, Chromatography, Liquid/methods, Drug Contamination, Drug Packaging, Epoxy Compounds/analysis, Ointments, Pharmaceutical Preparations/analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Temperature, Time Factors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Soeborg,T., Hansen,S. H., Halling-Sorensen,B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20050915
PMCID
Editors
|
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