WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Air quality nearby road traffic tunnel portals: BTEX monitoring	2007	Chemical Engineering Department, University of Naples "Federico II", 80125 Naples, Italy. murena@unina.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Environmental Sciences (China) Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Sci.(China) Pub Date Free Form Volume 19 Issue 5 Start Page 578 Other Pages 583 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 100967627; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); J64922108F (Benzene); ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1001-0742; 1001-0742 Accession Number PMID: 17915687 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17915687 Abstract A monitoring campaign of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o- m- and p-xylene) was carried out nearby two tunnel portals in the urban area of Naples with the aim to verify air quality in this kind of urban sites. Sampling was carried out using the active adsorption technique. Sampling time was 1 h. Ambient temperature and traffic flow measurements were carried out during each sampling operation. The results indicate that average benzene concentrations at both sites exceed the limit value of 10 microg/Nm3 established by the European Community (EC) (Dir. 2000/69). Concentration levels of other BTEX are relatively high as well. A correlation between BTEX concentration and two wheeler vehicle flow was observed. Descriptors Air Pollutants/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Cities, Environmental Monitoring, Italy, Vehicle Emissions/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Murena,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Molecular monitoring of bacterial community structure in long-aged nukadoko: pickling bed of fermented rice bran dominated by slow-growing lactobacilli	2007	Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. nakayama@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of bioscience and bioengineering Periodical, Abbrev. J.Biosci.Bioeng. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 104 Issue 6 Start Page 481 Other Pages 489 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100888800; 2007/05/28 [received]; 2007/09/18 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 1389-1723; 1347-4421 Accession Number PMID: 18215635 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1263/jbb.104.481 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18215635 Abstract Nukadoko is the fermented rice bran bed traditionally used for pickling vegetables in Japan. Here, we investigate the bacterial community structure of nukadoko using several culture-independent methods. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequence analysis of V2-V3 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) fragments amplified from a long-aged nukadoko bacterial community indicated seven predominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) closely related to known Lactobacillus species. Phylogenetic analysis of these OTUs indicated a major cluster consisting of six OTUs including a dominant OTU closely related to Lactobacillus acidifarinae and one distinct OTU corresponding to Lactobacillus acetotolerans. L. acetotolerans was commonly detected as a dominant species in samples from different seasons. The succession of microbial community structure in the fermentation and ripening processes was investigated using a laboratory model nukadoko. The L. acidifarinae-like bacteria grew rapidly with a pH decrease in the first few days after inoculation, whereas L. acetotolerans grew slowly and became dominant after one week. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) showed that the doubling time of L. acetotolerans was 12 h, while that of total bacteria was 4 h. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT-PCR) targeting 16S rRNA showed a low metabolic activity of L. acetotolerans throughout the fermentation and ripening processes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that L. acetotolerans was a dominant bacterium in the ripening period and had a low metabolic activity. These results indicate that the slow-growing L. acetotolerans stably dominated nukadoko microbiota after the L. acidifarinae-like bacteria mainly contributed to the lactic acid fermentation of the rice bran. Descriptors Colony Count, Microbial/methods, Fermentation, Lactobacillus/classification/genetics/isolation & purification, Oryza/microbiology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Nakayama,J., Hoshiko,H., Fukuda,M., Tanaka,H., Sakamoto,N., Tanaka,S., Ohue,K., Sakai,K., Sonomoto,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Waterpipe smoking and nicotine exposure: a review of the current evidence	2007		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 9 Issue 10 Start Page 987 Other Pages 94 Notes ID: 17943617 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The waterpipe, also known as shisha, hookah, narghile, goza, and hubble bubble, has long been used for tobacco consumption in the Middle East, India, and parts of Asia, and more recently has been introduced into the smokeless tobacco market in western nations. We reviewed the published literature on waterpipe use to estimate daily nicotine exposure among adult waterpipe smokers. We identified six recent studies that measured the nicotine or cotinine levels associated with waterpipe smoking in four countries (Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, and India). Four of these studies directly measured nicotine or cotinine levels in human subjects. The remaining two studies used smoking machines to measure the nicotine yield in smoking condensate produced by the waterpipe. Meta-analysis of the human data indicated that daily use of the waterpipe produced a 24-hr urinary cotinine level of 0.785 microg/ml (95% CI = 0.578-0.991 microg/ml), a nicotine absorption rate equivalent to smoking 10 cigarettes/day (95% CI = 7-13 cigarettes/day). Even among subjects who were not daily waterpipe smokers, a single session of waterpipe use produced a urinary cotinine level that was equivalent to smoking two cigarettes in one day. Estimates of the nicotine produced by waterpipe use can vary because of burn temperature, type of tobacco, waterpipe design, individual smoking pattern, and duration of the waterpipe smoking habit. Our quantitative synthesis of the limited human data from four nations indicates that daily use of waterpipes produces nicotine absorption of a magnitude similar to that produced by daily cigarette use. Descriptors Cotinine/urine, Nicotine/urine, Tobacco Use Disorder/urine, Tobacco, Smokeless/analysis, Chromatography, Gas, Humans, India/epidemiology, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Jordan/epidemiology, Kuwait/epidemiology, Lebanon/epidemiology, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276363/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Neergaard,James, Singh,Pramil, Job,Jayakaran, Montgomery,Susanne Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
A community based study about knowledge and practices regarding tobacco Consumption and passive smoking in Gadap Town, Karachi	2007	Nisar, N., Department of Community Medicine, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 57 Issue 4 Start Page 186 Other Pages 188 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0030-9982 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Objective: To determine the proportion of people consuming tobacco in various forms, level of knowledge and practices regarding various harmful effects of tobacco and passive smoking. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ghulam Mohammad Jokhio Goth, a small semi urban community of Gadap Town Karachi, which comprises of a population approximate 2225. About 157 people were interviewed regarding their tobacco consumption practices through a semi structured pre-tested questionnaire from June to August 2005. There were 314 households in the community and every alternate household was selected with a random start. The study subject was selected among all the adult members of 18 years age and above present at the time of interview in the household by lottery method and the questionnaire was administerd to those who were resident of GM Goth after taking consent. Results: In our study 110 (70%) people were tobacco consumers, 47% were knowledgeable about hazards of smoking, 22% were aware about passive smoking, and 90% started consuming tobacco below 20 years of age. The most popular form of tobacco was pan 40%, cigarette 39% and hookah 19%. Eighty four percent were regular smokers. Only 13.6% took counseling, 26.3% tried to quit smoking but none of them succeeded. About 23.5% smokers suffered from cough and headache due to smoking. When age, sex, marital status, income of the household, education and knowledge about hazards of smoking was compared, age and knowledge showed significant association while other variables did not show any significant association. Conclusion: Our study concluded that high proportion of people including men and women consume tobacco. Most of them were unaware about tobacco consumption hazards, and passive smoking. Descriptors adult, article, smoking, coughing, female, headache, health education, health hazard, household, human, income, informed consent, interview, knowledge, male, marriage, Pakistan, passive smoking, questionnaire, randomization, urban population Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Nisar,N., Qadri,M. H., Fatima,K., Perveen,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Factors influencing lead and iron release from some Egyptian drinking water pipes	2008	Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, 33- El-Buhous Street, Dokki, Cairo,12311, Egypt. Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12311, Egypt. ragaei24@link.net	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of hazardous materials Periodical, Abbrev. J.Hazard.Mater. Pub Date Free Form 30-Dec Volume 160 Issue 3-Feb Start Page 675 Other Pages 680 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 9422688; 0 (Alkalies); 0 (Chelating Agents); 0 (Chlorides); 0 (Sulfates); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2P299V784P (Lead); 9002-86-2 (Polyvinyl Chloride); 9G34HU7RV0 (Edetic Acid); E1UOL152H7 (Iron); 2007/11/09 [received]; 2008/03/12 Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0304-3894; 0304-3894 Accession Number PMID: 18436372 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.03.040 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18436372 Abstract The major objective of this study is to assess the effect of stagnation time, pipe age, pipes material and water quality parameters such as pH, alkalinity and chloride to sulfate mass ratio on lead and iron release from different types of water pipes used in Egypt namely polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP) and galvanized iron (GI), by using fill and dump method. Low pH increased lead and iron release from pipes. Lead and iron release decreased as pH and alkalinity increased. Lead and iron release increased with increasing chloride to sulfate mass ratio in all pipes. EDTA was used as an example of natural organic matter which may be influence metals release. It is found that lead and iron release increased then this release decreased with time. In general, GI pipes showed to be the most effected by water quality parameters tested and the highest iron release. PVC pipes are the most lead releasing pipes while PP pipes are the least releasing. Descriptors Alkalies, Chelating Agents, Chlorides/analysis, Edetic Acid, Egypt, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Iron/analysis, Lead/analysis, Polyvinyl Chloride/analysis, Sulfates/analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis, Water Supply/analysis/standards Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lasheen,M. R., Sharaby,C. M., El-Kholy,N. G., Elsherif,I. Y., El-Wakeel,S. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080320 PMCID Editors
Alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco use patterns among youth in Canada	2008	Division of Preventive Oncology, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 2L7. scott.leatherdale@cancercare.on.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer causes & control : CCC Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer Causes Control Pub Date Free Form May Volume 19 Issue 4 Start Page 361 Other Pages 369 Notes JID: 9100846; 2007/05/14 [received]; 2007/11/13 [accepted]; 2007/12/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0957-5243; 0957-5243 Accession Number PMID: 18058247 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s10552-007-9095-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18058247 Abstract The authors characterized changes in the prevalence of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use over time, and examined age of onset, co-morbid use and sociodemographic factors associated with ever using alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana in a nationally representative sample of Canadian youth. Data were collected from students in grades 7-9 as part of the Canadian Youth Smoking Survey (n = 19,018 in 2002; n = 29,243 in 2004). Descriptive analyses examined age of onset, co-morbid substance use and changes over time. Logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with ever trying alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana with the 2004 data. Alcohol was the most prevalent substance used by youth and it was also the only substance which exhibited increased rates of use between 2002 and 2004. Co-morbid substance use was common, and it was rare to find youth who had used marijuana or tobacco without also having tried alcohol. As expected, youth who had poorer school performance were more likely to drink and smoke marijuana or tobacco, as were youth with more disposable income. Such timely and relevant data are important for guiding future policy, programming, and surveillance activities. Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Age of Onset, Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology/prevention & control/trends, Canada/epidemiology, Child, Child Behavior, Comorbidity, Demography, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Marijuana Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control/trends, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sampling Studies, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control/trends, Students, Tobacco Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Leatherdale,S. T., Hammond,D., Ahmed,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20071206 PMCID Editors
Differential impacts of smoke-free laws on indoor air quality	2008	Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. cleanair@snu.ac.kr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Health Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 70 Issue 8 Start Page 24 Other Pages 30, 54 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0405525; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 0 (Tryptamines); BIK35ACJ0Q (indopan); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0022-0892; 0022-0892 Accession Number PMID: 18468220 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18468220 Abstract The authors assessed the impacts of two different smoke-free laws on indoor air quality. They compared the indoor air quality of 10 hospitality venues in Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky, before and after the smoke-free laws went into effect. Real-time measurements of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microm or smaller (PM2.5) were made. One Lexington establishment was excluded from the analysis of results because of apparent smoking violation after the law went into effect. The average indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the nine Lexington venues decreased 91 percent, from 199 to 18 microg/m3. The average indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the 10 Louisville venues, however, increased slightly, from 304 to 338 microg/m3. PM2.5 levels in the establishments decreased as numbers of burning cigarettes decreased. While the Louisville partial smoke-free law with exemptions did not reduce indoor air pollution in the selected venues, comprehensive and properly enforced smoke-free laws can be an effective means of reducing indoor air pollution. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Kentucky, Particulate Matter/analysis, Public Policy, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence, Smoking Cessation/legislation & jurisprudence, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Tryptamines Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lee,K., Hahn,E. J., Pieper,N., Okoli,C. T., Repace,J., Troutman,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Multifactorial optimization approach for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in river sediments by gas chromatography-quadrupole ion trap selected ion storage mass spectrometry	2008	Instituto de Tecnologia do Parana (TECPAR), 81350-010 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 30-May Volume 1192 Issue 2 Start Page 273 Other Pages 281 Notes LR: 20090115; JID: 9318488; 0 (Indicators and Reagents); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 2007/12/19 [received]; 2008/03/19 [revised]; 2008/03/25 [accepted]; 2008/03/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0021-9673; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 18406414 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.03.067 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18406414 Abstract A procedure for the determination of very low polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in sediment samples has been developed by gas chromatography-quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-QIT MS) after extraction with dichloromethane and purification by using silica gel cleanup. Identification and quantification of analytes were based on the selected ion storage (SIS) strategy using deuterated PAHs as internal standards. In order to search out the main factors affecting the SIS mass spectrometry efficiency, four MS parameters, including target total ion count (TTIC), waveform amplitude (WA), transfer line (XLT) and ion trap temperatures (ITT) were subjected to a complete multifactorial design. The most relevant parameters obtained (TTIC and WA) were optimized by a rotatable and orthogonal composite design. Optimum values for these parameters were selected for the development of the method involving PAH determination in sediment samples. The optimized method exhibited a range of 111-760% higher signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios for PAHs in comparison with the method operated by the default conditions, demonstrating that the multifactorial optimization contributed to substantially improve the sensitivity of the GC-QIT MS determination. The accuracy of the method was verified by analyzing NWRI EC-3 certified reference material (Lake Ontario sediment). The selectivity, sensitivity (limits of quantification were in the range of 0.02-11.0 ng g(-1)), accuracy (recoveries >or=77%) and precision (RSD<or=30%) obtained were quite adequate for the determination of very low target PAHs in sediment samples. The established method was then applied to determine 16 PAHs in river sediments from the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, Brazil. Two selected sediment samples were analyzed, one from the Canguiri River (a slightly urbanized area), and the other from the Iguacu River (a heavily urbanized area), illustrating the capabilities of the method to detect PAHs at the threshold concentrations necessary to classify the sediments as well as the status of contamination. Descriptors Brazil, Chromatography, Gas, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Fresh Water, Geologic Sediments/analysis, Indicators and Reagents, Mass Spectrometry, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Quality Control, Reproducibility of Results, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, Temperature Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Leite,N. F., Peralta-Zamora,P., Grassi,M. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080328 PMCID Editors
Shear bond strength of a sealant to contaminated-enamel surface: influence of erbium : yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser pretreatment	2008	Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paolo (USP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ...[et al.] Periodical, Abbrev. J.Esthet.Restor.Dent. Pub Date Free Form Volume 20 Issue 6 Start Page 386 Other Pages 92; discussion 393-4 Notes JID: 101096515; 0 (Pit and Fissure Sealants); ppublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1496-4155; 1496-4155 Accession Number PMID: 19120785 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D DOI 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2008.00214.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19120785 Abstract BACKGROUND: Salivary contamination is one of the factors that can disturb the sealing process and interfere in the longevity of pit and fissure sealants. Erbium : yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er : YAG) laser could influence the bond strength of enamel and increase the acid resistance. PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of Er : YAG laser on the shear bond strength of a sealant to a salivary contaminated enamel surface. METHODS: Twenty-four third molars had the roots sectioned 2 mm coronal to the cementoenamel junction. The crowns were mesiodistally sectioned providing 48 halves that were embedded in polyester resin. Enamel was flattened and a 2-mm diameter bonding area was demarcated. Specimens were randomly assigned to two groups according to the superficial pretreatment-37% phosphoric acid (A) and Er : YAG laser (80 mJ/2 Hz) + phosphoric acid (L), which were subdivided into two groups (N = 12), without salivary contamination (C) and with salivary contamination (SC). To contaminate the specimens, 0.25 mL of human fresh saliva was applied for 20 seconds and then dried. Fluroshield sealant was applied in all specimens. After storage, shear bond strength of samples were tested in a universal testing machine. RESULTS: Means in MPa were: AC-14.61 (+/-2.52); ASC-6.66 (+/-2.34); LC-11.91 (+/-1.34); and LSC-2.22 (+/-0.66). Statistical analysis revealed that surfaces without salivary contamination and with acid treatment had the highest mean (p < 0.05). The group with salivary contamination treated by Er : YAG laser followed by phosphoric acid application presented the lowest bond values (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The phosphoric acid etching under dry condition yielded better bonding performance. Er : YAG laser was not able to increase the effectiveness of conventional acid etching of enamel in the bond of sealants in both dry and wet conditions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Under the conditions of this study, the conventional etching protocol (phosphoric acid without salivary contamination) is still preferable to laser-conditioning enamel surface prior to sealant application. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental/methods, Dental Bonding/instrumentation/methods, Dental Enamel/drug effects/radiation effects, Dental Etching/instrumentation/methods, Humans, Lasers, Solid-State, Pit and Fissure Sealants, Random Allocation, Saliva/radiation effects, Shear Strength, Surface Properties Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lepri,T. P., Souza-Gabriel,A. E., Atoui,J. A., Palma-Dibb,R. G., Pecora,J. D., Milori Corona,S. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The hazard in hookah smoke. Water pipes seem safer than cigarettes--but may be worse	2008		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full US News World Rep Periodical, Abbrev. US News World Rep. Pub Date Free Form Volume 144 Issue 3 Start Page 60 Other Pages 1 Notes ID: 18318362 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Smoking/adverse effects, Water, Commerce, Hazardous Substances, Humans, Risk Assessment, United States Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18318362 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Lyon,Lindsay Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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