WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
Effect of cessation interventions on hookah smoking: post-hoc analysis of a cluster-randomized controlled trial	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 16 Issue 6 Start Page 682 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 24376277 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: We explored the differential effect of cessation interventions (behavioral support sessions with BSS+] and without BSS] bupropion) between hookah and cigarette smokers. METHODS: We reanalyzed the data from a major cluster-randomized controlled trial, ASSIST (Action to Stop Smoking In Suspected Tuberculosis), which consisted of 3 conditions: (a) behavioral support sessions (BSS), (b) behavioral support sessions plus 7 weeks of bupropion therapy (BSS+), and (c) controls receiving usual care. The trial originally recruited 1,955 adult smokers with suspected tuberculosis from 33 health centers in the Jhang and Sargodha districts of Pakistan between 2010 and 2011. The primary endpoint was continuous 6-month smoking abstinence, which was determined by carbon monoxide levels. Subgroup-specific relative risks (RRs) of smoking abstinence were computed and tested for differential intervention effect using log binomial regression (generalized linear model) between 3 subgroups (cigarette-only: 1,255; mixed: 485; and hookah-only: 215). RESULTS: The test result for homogeneity of intervention effects between the smoking forms was statistically significant (p-value for BSS+: .04 and for BSS: .02). Compared to the control, both interventions appeared to be effective among hookah smokers (RR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.3-4.7 and RR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.3-3.8, respectively) but less effective among cigarette smokers (RR = 6.6; 95% CI = 4.6-9.6 and RR = 5.8; 95% CI = 4.0-8.5), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The differential intervention effects on hookah and cigarette smokers were seen (a) because the behavioral support intervention was designed primarily for cigarette smokers; (b) because of differences in demographic characteristics, behavioral, and sociocultural determinants; or (c) because of differences in nicotine dependency levels between the 2 groups. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntt211 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Dogar,Omara, Jawad,Mohammed, Shah,Sarwat K., Newell,James N., Kanaan,Mona, Khan,Muhammad A., Siddiqi,Kamran Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tobacco in the Arab world: old and new epidemics amidst policy paralysis	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Health Policy Plan Periodical, Abbrev. Health Policy Plan. Pub Date Free Form Volume 29 Issue 6 Start Page 784 Other Pages 94 Notes ID: 23958628 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The Arab world is comprised of 22 countries with a combined population of Ã¢ÂˆÂ¼360 million. The region is still at the initial stages of the tobacco epidemic, where it is expected to witness an increase in smoking levels and mounting tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in the future. Still, the bleak outlook of the tobacco epidemic in the Arab world continues to be faced with complacency in the form of underutilization of surveillance systems to monitor the tobacco epidemic and prioritize action, and failure to implement and enforce effective policies to curb the tobacco epidemic. Understandably, the focus on the Arab world carries the risk of trying to generalize to such a diverse group of countries at different level of economic and political development. Yet, tobacco control in the Arab world faces some shared patterns and common challenges that need to be addressed to advance its cause in this region. In addition, forces that promote tobacco use, such as the tobacco industry, and trends in tobacco use, such as the emerging waterpipe epidemic tend to coalesce around some shared cultural and socio-political features of this region. Generally, available data from Arab countries point at three major trends in the tobacco epidemic: (1) high prevalence of cigarette smoking among Arab men compared with women; (2) the re-emergence of waterpipe (also known as hookah, narghile, shisha, arghile) smoking as a major tobacco use method, especially among youth and (3) the failure of policy to provide an adequate response to the tobacco epidemic. In this review, we will discuss these trends, factors contributing to them, and the way forward for tobacco control in this unstable region. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Maziak,Wasim, Nakkash,Rima, Bahelah,Raed, Husseini,Abdullatif, Fanous,Nadia, Eissenberg,Thomas Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluation of cytological alterations of oral mucosa in smokers and waterpipe users	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cell J Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 15 Issue 4 Start Page 302 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 24381854 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: Oral mucosal epithelia of smokers and waterpipe users are more susceptible to malignant alterations. The aim of this study was morphometric evaluation of the effects of using waterpipe on normal oral mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IN A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY, CYTOLOGIC SMEAR SAMPLES FROM THE FOLLOWING THREE DIFFERENT AREAS: buccal mucosa, lateral surface of the tongue, and floor of the mouth (right) were taken from 40 smokers, 40 waterpipe users, and 40 normal individuals. They were then stained using Papanicolaou staining technique. Quantitative cytologic alterations such as nuclear and cytoplasmic size, nuclear-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, Feret ratio (FR), percent of karriorhexis, vacuolization of cytoplasm, two or multilobed nuclei, inflammation, and candida were evaluated. Quantitative evaluation was performed using MoticPlus 2 software, and 50 cells in each slide were studied. Practitioners were matched with age and sex in three groups. RESULTS: An increase in nuclear size, the N/C ratio, and F.R, while a decrease in cytoplasm size were observed in lateral surface of the tongue, buccal mucosa and floor of the mouth of smokers, waterpipe users and normal individuals, respectively (pâ‰¤0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in percent of karriorhexis, vacuolization of cytoplasm, and two or multilobed nuclei in oral mucosa of smokers, waterpipe users (p=0.8), and normal individuals (p=0.9) in buccal mucosa, tongue, and mouth floor areas. However, the percentage of inflammation and candida in smokers (p Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3866533/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Seifi,Safoura, Feizi,Farideh, Mehdizadeh,Mohammad, Khafri,Soraya, Ahmadi,Behrang Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Carbon monoxide toxicity after lighting coals at a hookah bar	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Med Toxicol Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 10 Issue 3 Start Page 295 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 24381126 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Unintentional non-fire-related (UNFR) carbon monoxide (CO) poisonings continue to account for a significant health and economic burden in the United States. While most of these poisonings are related to faulty central heating or water heaters in private dwellings, less common sources should also be considered when a patient presents with any signs or symptoms suggestive of CO toxicity. CASE REPORT: The authors present a case where a patient was found to have severe CO poisoning, a COHgb level of 33.8Â %, after lighting coals for a water pipe called a hookah. The patient was initially unconscious and was found to have electrocardiogram (ECG) changes consistent with cardiac ischemia that resolved following treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. DISCUSSION: In recent years, hookah bars have gained in popularity, especially in urban areas and around college campuses. This was the first case to identify the potential occupational exposure of employees working at hookah bars to CO. Furthermore, the patient's COHb level of 33.8Â % was higher than any previously reported in the literature with exposure via hookah pipe. The practitioner should consider CO poisoning in patients who smoke tobacco via a hookah and consider early hyperbaric oxygen therapy in those experiencing significant symptoms. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Misek,Ryan, Patte,Christine Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The prevalence of smoking among karbala/iraq university students in iraq in 2005	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tob Use Insights Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 7 Issue Start Page 9 Other Pages 14 Notes ID: 25741180 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco use is considered one of the largest public health threats facing the world. The estimated number of current smokers in the world exceeds 1.3 billion, which means that one third of the world's population above 15 years are smokers. Smoking prevalence is increasing in the developing world but monitoring of this trend is poor in these countries. Studies on smoking in Iraq are scarce, with the current smoking prevalence rate reported to be 15-25% for males and 1-10% for females in surveys conducted in the past ten years. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to find the prevalence of smoking among Karbala University students in Iraq and determine its associations with participants' demographic and other related predictors, including other substance use behaviors, to help inform and develop future prevention and control programs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A categorical random sample included 2298 students at Karbala University in Iraq who answered a self-completed questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on the Drug Abuse Program questionnaire and was piloted before implementation. Descriptive and analytic statistical tools (SPSS-20) were used to assess significant associations at P Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mousawi,Ali Al Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Water-pipe smoking and albuminuria: new dog with old tricks	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PLoS One Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 9 Issue 1 Start Page e85652 Other Pages e85652 Notes ID: 24465635 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Water-pipe (WP) smoking is on rise worldwide for the past few years, particularly among younger individuals. Growing evidence indicates that WP smoking is as harmful as cigarette smoking. To date, most of the research has focused on acute health effects of WP smoking, and evidence remains limited when it comes to chronic health effects in relation to long-term WP smoking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between WP smoking and albuminuria in apparently healthy individuals. This analysis was conducted on data of a population-based cross-sectional study--the Urban Rural Chronic Diseases Study (URCDS). The study sample was recruited from three sites in Pakistan. Trained nurses carried out individual interviews and obtained the information on demographics, lifestyle factors, and past and current medical history. Measurements of complete blood count, lipid profile, fasting glucose level, and 24-hour albuminuria were also made by using blood and urine samples. Albumin excretion was classified into three categories using standard cut-offs: normal excretion, high-normal excretion and microalbuminuria. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between WP smoking and albuminuria. The final analysis included data from 1,626 health individuals, of which 829 (51.0%) were males and 797 (49.0%) females. Of 1,626 individuals, 267 (16.4%) were current WP smokers and 1,359 (83.6%) were non-WP smokers. WP smoking was significantly associated with high-normal albuminuria (OR Ã¢Â€ÂŠ=Ã¢Â€ÂŠ 2.33, 95% CI 1.68-3.22, p-value Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Ishtiaque,Iqra, Shafique,Kashif, Ul-Haq, Zia, Shaikh,Abdul Rauf, Khan,Naveed Ali, Memon,Abdul Rauf, Mirza,Saira Saeed, Ishtiaque,Afra Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Consequences of clean indoor air exemptions in Oregon: the hookah story	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tob Control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Volume 23 Issue 3 Start Page 195 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 23235122 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050684 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Maher,Julie E., Morris,Daniel S., Girard,Karen E., Pizacani,Barbara A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Chinese water-pipe smoking and the risk of COPD	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chest Periodical, Abbrev. Chest Pub Date Free Form Volume 146 Issue 4 Start Page 924 Other Pages 31 Notes ID: 24557573 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Studies show that the incidence of COPD has remained high in southwest China despite the 1976 National Stove Improvement Program for indoor air quality. Chinese water-pipe tobacco smoking (commonly referred to as water-pipe smoking), which is thought to be less harmful under the assumption that no charcoal is used and water filters tobacco smoke, is popular in China. We investigated whether Chinese water-pipe use and exposure are associated with the risk of COPD. METHODS: This multicenter, cross-sectional study enrolled 1,238 individuals from 10 towns in the Fuyuan area, Yunnan Province, China. A matched design was used to estimate the impact of active and passive exposure to Chinese water-pipe smoking on COPD risk; multivariate analyses adjusted for other risk factors. We also collected the water from Chinese water pipes to assess the mutagenicity of its major components and simulated Chinese water-pipe smoke exposure fine particulate 2.5 (PM2.5) by using the High Volume Air Sampler and individuals' sera to search for the potential protein biomarkers of COPD. RESULTS: The increased risk of COPD was profound for Chinese water-pipe smokers (adjusted OR, 10.61; 95% CI, 6.89-16.34), Chinese water-pipe passive smokers (adjusted OR, 5.50; 95% CI, 3.61-8.38), cigarette smokers (adjusted OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 2.06-4.91), and cigarette passive smokers (adjusted OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.62-3.91) compared with never-smoking control subjects. Chinese water-pipe use aggravates lungs with more PM2.5 compared with cigarettes. ChemR23 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 may be potential protein biomarkers of COPD. CONCLUSIONS: Chinese water-pipe smoking significantly increases the risk of COPD, including the risk to women who are exposed to the water-pipe smoke. TRIAL REGISTRY: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; No.: ChiCTR-CCH-12002235; URL: www.chictr.org/cn/ Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.13-1499 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors She,Jun, Yang,Ping, Wang,Yuqi, Qin,Xinyu, Fan,Jia, Wang,Yi, Gao,Guangsuo, Luo,Guangxiong, Ma,Kaixiang, Li,Baoyan, Li,Caihua, Wang,Xiangdong, Song,Yuanlin, Bai,Chunxue Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Republished: Nicotine and health	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Pub Date Free Form Volume 349 Issue Start Page 2014.7.0264rep Other Pages 2014.7.0264rep Notes ID: 25428425 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Nicotine, an alkaloid derived from the leaves of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana rustica) is the primary addictive agent in tobacco products.(1,2) There are different ways of administering the various products including smoking cigarettes, chewing tobacco, holding moist snuff in the mouth, inhaling dry snuff through the nose, inhaling smoke from a waterpipe and inhaling vapour from an electronic cigarette.(3-6) It can be difficult differentiating the effects of nicotine from the many other toxic substances these products also contain. Here we review the pharmacological effects of nicotine but we will not review the well-known harmful effects of cigarettes, where it is primarily the toxins and carcinogens in tobacco smoke rather than the nicotine that cause illness and death.(7) A future article will consider the use of electronic cigarettes. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2014.7.0264rep Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Risk factors for hookah smoking among arabs and chaldeans	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Immigr Minor Health Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 16 Issue 3 Start Page 501 Other Pages 7 Notes ID: 23579963 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Hookah smoking is more prevalent among individuals of Middle Eastern descent. This study examined general and ethnic-specific risk factors for hookah smoking among Arabs and Chaldeans. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was conducted among 801 adults residing in Southeast Michigan. Binary logistic regression modeling was used to predict risk factors for hookah smoking. Hookah smoking was significantly more prevalent among Arabs (32%) than Chaldeans (26%, p Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10903-013-9772-1 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Jamil,Hikmet, Geeso,Sanabil G., Arnetz,Bengt B., Arnetz,Judith E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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