WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Association between right-to-left shunts and brain lesions in sport divers	2003	Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Am Steg 20, 35390 Giessen, Germany. Tibo.Gerriets@neuro.med.uni-giessen.de	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Aviat.Space Environ.Med. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 74 Issue 10 Start Page 1058 Other Pages 1060 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 7501714; 0 (Contrast Media); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0095-6562; 0095-6562 Accession Number PMID: 14556567 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14556567 Abstract BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that healthy sport divers may develop clinically silent brain damage, based on the association between a finding of multiple brain lesions on MRI and the presence of right-to-left shunt, a pathway for venous gas bubbles to enter the arterial system. METHODS: We performed echocontrast transcranial Doppler sonography in 42 sport divers to determine the presence of a right-to-left shunt. Cranial MRI was carried out using a 1.5 T magnet. A lesion was counted if it was hyperintense on both T2-weighted and T2-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequences. To test the hypothesis that the occurrence of postdive arterial gas emboli is related to brain lesions on MRI, we measured postdive intravascular bubbles in a subset of 15 divers 30 min after open water scuba dives. RESULTS: Echocontrast transcranial Doppler sonography revealed a right-to-left shunt in 16 of the divers (38%). Only one hyperintensive lesion of the central white matter was found and that was in a diver with no evidence of a right-to-left shunt. Postdive arterial gas emboli were detected in 3 out of 15 divers; they had a right-to-left shunt, but no pathologic findings on cranial magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support the theory that right-to-left shunts can serve as a pathway for venous gas bubbles into the arterial circulation. However, we could not confirm an association between brain lesions and the presence of a right-to-left shunt in sport divers. Descriptors Adult, Brain/blood supply/pathology, Brain Diseases/etiology/physiopathology, Cerebral Arteries/abnormalities, Contrast Media/administration & dosage, Decompression Sickness/etiology/physiopathology, Diving/adverse effects, Echoencephalography, Embolism, Air/physiopathology, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Ultrasonography, Doppler Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gerriets,T., Tetzlaff,K., Hutzelmann,A., Liceni,T., Kopiske,G., Struck,N., Reuter,M., Kaps,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Concurrent use of tobacco products by California adolescents	2003	Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventive medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 36 Issue 5 Start Page 575 Other Pages 584 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0322116; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0091-7435; 0091-7435 Accession Number PMID: 12689803 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S0091743502000646 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12689803 Abstract BACKGROUND: To describe patterns and correlates of tobacco product use other than cigarettes in adolescents 12-17 years of age. METHODS: Adolescent respondents (N = 6090) to the 1999 California Tobacco Survey provided estimates of ever and current use (in last 30 days) of smokeless tobacco, cigars, and bidis, which were examined by cigarette smoking experience, demographics, and known predictors of cigarette use. RESULTS: Only 3% of adolescents who never smoked cigarettes experimented with other tobacco products. Among ever smokers who were not current smokers, the rate was 35%. Nearly 60% of current cigarette experimenters had tried another tobacco product, but almost 90% of current established smokers had experimented with one. Over 40% of current established smokers used another tobacco product in the last 30 days. Factors predictive of cigarette smoking were also highly associated with other tobacco use. In ever cigarette smokers, having peers who used other tobacco products was most highly associated with other tobacco use. Problem or risky behaviors, beliefs that cigarettes are safe or beneficial, and receptivity to tobacco promotions were also independently associated with other tobacco product use. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent smokers who use other tobacco products may be prone to risky behavior and such use may hasten the development of nicotine tolerance. Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior/ethnology/psychology, California/epidemiology, Data Collection, Demography, Female, Humans, Male, Peer Group, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Smoking/epidemiology/ethnology, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/ethnology, Tobacco, Smokeless/supply & distribution Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gilpin,E. A., Pierce,J. P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Nicotine-dependence symptoms are associated with smoking frequency in adolescents	2003	Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. jennifer.oloughlin@mcgill.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Preventive Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 25 Issue 3 Start Page 219 Other Pages 225 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 8704773; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0749-3797; 0749-3797 Accession Number PMID: 14507528 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI S0749379703001983 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14507528 Abstract BACKGROUND: Although many sociodemographic and psychosocial factors have been identified as related to adolescent smoking, few studies have examined the role of nicotine-dependence (ND) symptoms. The objective was to study the association between ND symptoms and smoking status among adolescents in the early stages of the smoking onset process. METHODS: The McGill University Study on the Natural History of Nicotine Dependence is an ongoing 6-year prospective investigation of the natural history of ND among 1267 grade 7 students in ten Montreal high schools. The baseline response was 55.4%. Subjects for this cross-sectional analysis of baseline data, collected in 1999, included 241 past 3-month smokers (mean age [SD]=13.0+/-0.7 years at baseline). ND symptoms were measured in five indicators, including a measure based on the criteria for tobacco dependence in the International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision (ICD-10), the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist, and three symptom clusters (withdrawal, self-medication, and ND/cravings symptoms). The association between ND symptom indicators and each of sporadic, monthly, weekly, and daily smoking relative to less frequent smoking was investigated in multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Despite low cigarette exposure, 16.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.9%-21.3%) of past 3-month smokers were tobacco dependent. The proportion increased from 0%, 3.1% (95% CI, 0.0%-9.2%), and 4.6% (95% CI, 0.2%-9.0%) among triers, sporadic smokers, and monthly smokers, respectively, to 19.4% (95% CI, 5.5%-33.3%) and 65.9% (95% CI, 51.9%-79.9%) among weekly and daily smokers, respectively. ND/cravings consistently distinguished each smoking category from less frequent smokers; the odds ratios (95% CI) for ND/cravings symptoms were 1.16 (0.99-1.35) in sporadic smokers; 1.17 (1.06-1.29) in monthly smokers; 1.34 (1.19-1.50) in weekly smokers; and 1.39 (1.22-1.59) in daily smokers. CONCLUSIONS: These data challenge current smoking onset models, which suggest that ND develops only after several years of heavy or daily smoking. ND symptoms are associated, at least cross-sectionally, with increased smoking in adolescents. To increase the likelihood of being effective, tobacco-control programs for children and adolescents will need to take early ND symptoms into account. Descriptors Adolescent, Behavior, Addictive, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Odds Ratio, Smoking/epidemiology/psychology, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/psychology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors O'Loughlin,J., DiFranza,J., Tyndale,R. F., Meshefedjian,G., McMillan-Davey,E., Clarke,P. B., Hanley,J., Paradis,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Pharmacognostical studies on the folk medicine 'Bong Seon Wha Dae'	2003	Park, J.H., College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Pusan 609-735, South Korea	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy Periodical, Abbrev. Korean J.Pharmacogn. Pub Date Free Form 2003/09 Volume 34 Issue 3 Start Page 193 Other Pages 196 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0253-3073 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Korean folk medicine 'Bong Seon Wha Dae' has been used to cure constipation and acute gastritis by meat. The botanical origin of the crude drug has not been studied pharmacogostically. To clarify the botanical origin of 'Bong Seon Wha Dae', the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Impatiens species growing in Korea, i.e. I. balsamina L., I. noli-tangere L., I. textori Miq. and I. textori Miq. for. pallenscens Hara were studied. As a result, 'Bong Seon Wha Dae' was proved to be the stem of I. balsamina L. Descriptors bong seon wha dae, Impatiens balsamina extract, plant extract, unclassified drug, article, Balsaminaceae, constipation, gastritis, herbal medicine, Impatiens, impatiens noli tangere, Impatiens textori, medicinal plant, pharmacognosy, plant stem, traditional medicine Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Park,J. H., Kim,J. M., Do,W. I. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Predictors of attendance in a randomized clinical trial of nicotine replacement therapy with behavioral counseling	2003	University of Pennsylvania, Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center, 3535 Market Street, Suite 4100, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 24-Nov Volume 72 Issue 2 Start Page 123 Other Pages 131 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: P5084718/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 7513587; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); EIN: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004 Mar 8;73(3):315; ppublish Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 0376-8716; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 14636967 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI S0376871603001947 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14636967 Abstract Participant attendance at smoking cessation-counseling sessions is an important factor in treatment outcome. In this study, we examined the influence of demographic, psychological, and smoking history variables on attendance at a randomized clinical trial comparing transdermal nicotine and nicotine nasal spray that included seven sessions of behavioral group counseling. Of the 353 participants, 70.5% attended all seven sessions. Perfect attendance predicted abstinence from cigarettes at the end of treatment and at 6-month follow-up. In a logistic regression model, higher levels of education and higher body mass index were significant independent predictors of better attendance. There was a significant interaction between type of nicotine replacement (transdermal nicotine vs. nasal spray) and sex: females were less likely than males to have perfect attendance in the nasal spray group, but there was no sex difference in attendance for the transdermal nicotine group. These findings suggest that smokers with lower body mass index and less formal education may benefit from proactive counseling to address individual barriers to attendance at smoking cessation counseling. Additional research in this area would also be valuable to evaluate strategies to promote attendance in these high-risk groups. Descriptors Administration, Cutaneous, Administration, Intranasal, Behavior Therapy/methods, Body Mass Index, Counseling/methods, Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Nicotine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use, Patient Compliance/statistics & numerical data, Prospective Studies, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Patterson,F., Jepson,C., Kaufmann,V., Rukstalis,M., Audrain-McGovern,J., Kucharski,S., Lerman,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Trends in incidence and prevalence of specialized intestinal metaplasia, barrett's esophagus, and adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction	2003	Institute of Digestive Diseases, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona Medical School, Villarroel 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain. mpera@medicina.ub.es	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full World journal of surgery Periodical, Abbrev. World J.Surg. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 27 Issue 9 Start Page 999 Other Pages 1008; discussion 1006-8 Notes LR: 20051116; JID: 7704052; RF: 83; 2003/08/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0364-2313; 0364-2313 Accession Number PMID: 12917764 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.1007/s00268-003-7052-2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12917764 Abstract Most available information on the epidemiology of Barrettacute;s esophagus (BE) relates to patients with long segments (> 3 cm) of specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM). Its prevalence is 3% in patients undergoing endoscopy for reflux symptoms and 1% in those undergoing endoscopy for any clinical indication. The latter prevalence is similar to the 1% found in autopsy series. A "silent majority" with BE remain unrecognized in the general population. BE is more common in men, and the prevalence rises with age. Recent endoscopic series document a rise in the diagnosis of endoscopically apparent short segments (< 3 cm) of BE (SSBE). The prevalence of SSBE in both unselected and reflux patients is 8% to 12%. Specialized intestinal metaplasia at the cardia, below a normal-appearing squamocolumnar junction, has been reported to vary from 6% to 25% in patients presenting for upper endoscopy. Unlike patients with long segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE), the role of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the pathogenesis of SSBE and SIM of the cardia is controversial. Recent data suggest that the etiology of SIM of the cardia might be secondary to Helicobacter pylori infection, although the role of other environmental factors cannot be ruled out. The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric juction (EGJ) has been increasing over the past 15 years in Western countries. Surgical series and population-based studies show that by 1994 adenocarcinomas of the esophagus accounted for half of all esophageal cancer among white men. LSBE and SSBE predispose to the development of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and EGJ. The role of SIM of the cardia as a precursor lesion for EGJ adenocarcinoma is still unclear. The prevalences of dysplasia in LSBE and SSBE are around 6% and 8%, respectively. The incidence of adenocarcinoma in patients with LSBE is about 1 in 100 patient-years. Cancer risk for SSBE and SIM at the cardia is unknown. Smoking and obesity increase the risk for esophageal and EGJ adenocarcinomas. Descriptors Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology/etiology/pathology, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology/etiology/pathology, Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology/pathology, Esophagogastric Junction/pathology, Humans, Incidence, Intestines/pathology, Metaplasia/epidemiology/etiology, Prevalence Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Pera,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20030818 PMCID Editors
Pressure management in Waitakere City, New Zealand - A case study	2003	Pilipovic, Z., EcoWater, Private Bag 93109 Henderson, Waitakere City Council, Waitakere City, New Zealand	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Science and Technology: Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Sc.Technol.Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 2003/ Volume 3 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 135 Other Pages 141 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1606-9749 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract In 1996, as part of Waitakere Council's Water Cycle Strategy, a pressure standardisation programme to permanently lower the average supply pressure citywide was implemented with the aim of reducing water loss and water use. The experience gained during the 1994/95 Auckland water shortage had confirmed that there was considerable scope to reduce pressures in many areas. Since 1996 water pressures have been reduced in over 60% of the reticulated area of the city, with the average pressure reduced from 710 kPa to 540 kPa. As a result of this programme water loss from the network has been reduced, there has been a reduction in the frequency of mains breaks and it is likely that the life of water pipeline assets has been extended. Furthermore both pressure and demand management initiatives have reduced per capita water use in the city by more than 10%. A network computer model was used as a design tool to check the network under various pressure regimes and cost benefit analyses were carried out for various design scenarios. Fire sprinkler systems were checked as part of the design process. Minimum service standards were not reduced and in some cases pressures were actually increased. This paper covers the various aspects of the design, the implementation and the results of the pressure standardisation programme. Descriptors capital, city, conference paper, economic evaluation, financial management, New Zealand, pressure, process design, process model, standardization, tube, water loss, water management, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Pilipovic,Z., Taylor,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Solid-phase microextraction to monitor the sonochemical degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water	2003	Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Polytechneioupolis, GR-73100 Chania, Greece. epsilaki@mred.tuc.gr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Monit. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 5 Issue 1 Start Page 135 Other Pages 140 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 100968688; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1464-0325; 1464-0325 Accession Number PMID: 12619768 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12619768 Abstract Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with GC-MS has been used to monitor the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by ultrasound treatment. Immersion SPME sampling enabled the fast and solventless extraction of target contaminants at the low microg l(-1) concentration level. The developed protocol was found to be linear in the concentration range from 0.1 to 50 microg l(-1) for most target analytes, with the limits of detection ranging between 0.01 and 0.70 microg l(-1) and the relative standard deviations between 4.31 and 27%. The developed SPME protocol was used to follow concentration profiles of aqueous solutions containing 16 PAHs, which were subject to low frequency ultrasonic irradiation. At the conditions employed in this study (80 kHz of ultrasound frequency, 130 W l(-1) of applied electric power density, 30 microg l(-1) of initial concentration for each of the 16 PAHs), sonochemical treatment was found capable of destroying the lower molecular weight PAHs (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene) within 120-180 min of irradiation. The higher molecular weight PAHs were more recalcitrant to ultrasound treatment. Descriptors Environmental Monitoring/methods, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Molecular Weight, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis/chemistry, Ultrasonics, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis, Water Purification/methods Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Psillakis,E., Ntelekos,A., Mantzavinos,D., Nikolopoulos,E., Kalogerakis,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Impact of religious rulings (Fatwa) on smoking.	2003	Radwan, G.N., Egyptian Smoking Prevention Research Institute.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Egypt.Soc.Parasitol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 33 Issue 3 Suppl Start Page 1087 Other Pages 1101 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0253-5890 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract An interview survey was carried out in a rural village and two nearby schools in Qalyubia Governorate to assess the pattern of smoking and knowledge about religious ruling (Fatwa) and its impact on the quit attempts. Also, a similar survey was conducted in 6 Shisha cafÃ©s in Cairo. The results showed that the majority of respondents (81% among rural adults, 83.2% among Shisha cafÃ© patrons, 73.3% among rural youth and 81.4% among rural students) knew about the Fatwa on smoking. Higher proportions of all participants thought that smoking is a sin (97.3% among rural adults, 80.8% among Shisha cafÃ© patrons, 94.4% among rural youth and 98.4% among rural students). There was a significantly higher knowledge about Fatwa on smoking among men than women. This indicates a successful outreach program targeted mainly to men through mosques. Knowledge about Fatwa on smoking increased significantly with increased exposure to antismoking messages from religious leader. Knowledge about the Fatwa on smoking or belief that smoking is a sin had no significant effect on quit attempts. Our results point to the need for intensive efforts on the part of religious leaders to translate the current belief that smoking is a sin into quitting among smokers. Better results may be achieved through personal interactions in small groups rather than in mosque settings. Descriptors adolescent, adult, article, attitude to health, catering service, child, Egypt, female, health, human, male, religion, smoking, smoking cessation Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Radwan,G. N., Israel,E., El-Setouhy,M., Abdel-Aziz,F., Mikhail,N., Mohamed,M. K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Review on water pipe smoking.	2003	Radwan, G.N., Egyptian Smoking Prevention Research Institute.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Egypt.Soc.Parasitol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 33 Issue 3 Suppl Start Page 1051 Other Pages 1071 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0253-5890 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Water-pipe smoking may lead to cancers, genetic damage, diseases of the lungs and other disease conditions. Many of the studies on these subjects are merely anecdotal or lack the necessary rigorous study design or the power needed to be certain of the results. Given the large number of people who smoke waterpipe and the fact that waterpipe smoking has become a fashionable trend in the Middle East and the Western world among the youth, it is essential to study the health effects of waterpipe smoking with renewed emphasis. Descriptors Egypt, health, human, review, smoking Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Radwan,G. N., Mohamed,M. K., El-Setouhy,M., Israel,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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