WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
The sulphur:nitrogen ratio of conifer foliage in relation to atmospheric pollution with sulphur dioxide	1977	Dept. Forestry Natural Resources, Univ. Edinburgh	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Plant and Soil Periodical, Abbrev. Plant Soil Pub Date Free Form 1977/ Volume 47 Issue 1 Start Page 89 Other Pages 102 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0032-079X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The S:N ratio of the current foliage of two commonly planted conifers, Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was determined for areas known to have unpolluted atmospheres. The mean values of the ratio (0.034 and 0.028 respectively) were used to compare similar foliage from a) an industrialised area, and b) a series of transects radiating from a brickworks chimney. The established ratios were used to predict foliar S concentrations and the greater amounts found were ascribed to foliar absorption of atmospheric S. The 'excess' S was negatively related to distance from the supposed source, and also to needle weight which itself was positively related to distance. It is concluded that this measure derived from the S:N ratio is theoretically and practically a more sensitive indicator of the accumulation of S in conifer foliage exposed to atmospheric pollution than the analysis for elemental S or the SO4-ion alone. Descriptors nitrogen, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid derivative, unclassified drug, plant, tree Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Malcolm,D. C., Garforth,M. F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Problem of smoking and snuffing in educational institutions	1986		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Specialist Quarterly Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2 Issue 5 Start Page 131 Other Pages 45 Notes ID: 9003 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Smoking addiction is the commonest addiction since last several generations. It is spreading very rapidly in our educational institutions. Therefore, it stimulated us to survey in the year 1977-78 by approaching 1000 educationists in schools, colleges and universities of Multan by involving different parameters, as in Annexure-I. Out of these 625 respondents honoured us with their valuable opinions which are discussed in this article. This highlights different factors conducive to hook up the individual in addiction and suggests preventive measures how to control it. It is difficult for a smoker to quit even though he knows it to be harmful. This is so because many of the ill-effects are subtle, slowly progressive and may take several years before they are of sufficient annoyance to cause him to consider quitting. The other addiction like Hookah, Beedi and Snuff have also been briefly considered. Our findings were compared with other studies particularly in Peshawar. Addiction of snuff and other adulteration with cigarette in Peshawar are more as compared to ours. The socio-economical/cultural and psychological aspects of the study were also considered. The campaign against smoking and other addictions under the cover of legislation was considered the most useful preventive measures against addiction. The epidemiology of the problem hints that smoking addiction is crippling disease causing chronic ill-health socio-economic degeneration. It is contagious in its own way. Smoking addiction has already assumed the shape of epidemic in Pakistan and if not properly combated by the medical profession and other agencies, it may further spread and become serious hazard to public. This article is primarily meant for members of the medical profession to become aware about the magnitude of the danger inherent in smoking, so that all our effort is made to eradicate this vice from our country Descriptors Smoking, Substance-Related Disorders, Socioeconomic Factors, Students Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-9003 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Malik,Ghulam Q. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The origin of long-distance water supply in the central German area and its significance from a hygienic viewpoint	1994	Malyska, G., Landeshygieneinstitut Halle.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zentralblatt fÃ¼r Hygiene und Umweltmedizin = International journal of hygiene and environmental medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Zentralbl.Hyg.Umweltmed. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 196 Issue 1 Start Page 1 Other Pages 22 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0934-8859 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract By means of the climatic, hydrological and hydrogeological conditions in the middle German area the unfavorable water household also due to anthropogenic influences caused through mining and industry will be described. These conditions have, already in the first half of this century, lead to disadvantages concerning the drinking water supply for the population in this territory. Based on older ideas for improving the water supply in the middle German area the long-distance water supply system Elbaue-Ostharz was built after the 2. world war using the water supplies of the river Bode in the Harz, of the Elbaue as well as water from the DÃ¼bener Heide to overcome the bad water supply situation in middle Germany. In this connection the efforts of the public health service for improving the drinking water quality in the former country of Sachsen-Anhalt in the DDR will be described. Due to an increased connection of the population in the middle German area with local central water supplies as well as with the long-distance water supply up to 1990 92% of the population could be supplied with drinking water from central water supplies. Nevertheless it was not possible to manage all problems of drinking water quality up to 1990. These problems concerned local central water supplies due to not existing or inadequate plants for water refinement in waterworks and poor conditions of the drinking water pipe nets. Despite all an increasing improvement of the drinking water could be registered as a result of decrease in drinking water consumption, the shutting of water works with water catchments on hygienic unfavorable places, the refurbishment of water works and the further connection from communes with long-distance water supplies. At present and in future too the long-distance water supply will be necessary for the middle German area to guarantee a sufficient quantity as well as quality of drinking water for the population in this territory. Descriptors Germany, human, hygiene, industry, mining, public health, review, standard, water supply Links Book Title Die Entstehung der Fernwasserversorgung des mitteldeutschen Raumes und ihre Bedeutung aus hygienischer Sicht. Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Malyska,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking among university students: a gender analysis	2010		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Infect Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 3 Issue 4 Start Page 179 Other Pages 87 Notes ID: 21126722 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The main objectives of this paper were to estimate the consumption patterns of tobacco use among King Saud University (KSU) undergraduate students; and investigate different risk factors which may contribute to tobacco use among female students. A representative sample (n=7550) of the total KSU undergraduate student population of 69,498 (males and females) was selected, stratified according to college and gender. A modified version of the WHO/CDC Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) questionnaire was used for data collection. Overall smoking prevalence among KSU students was estimated at 14.5%, prevalence among male students (32.7%), and females (5.9%). Independent risk factors for smoking among males were found to be: age, father's smoking habits, and "friends' smoking habits"; while among females were: sister's smoking habits and "friends' smoking habits." The findings of this study re-emphasize the significance of peer pressure on smoking among university students of both sexes; influence of family members, usually of same sex. We need to foster gender-sensitive tobacco prevention intervention programs, to prevent youngsters of both sexes from taking up such habit. We also need to raise awareness of girls and young women, of the consequences of smoking in general, water-pipe in specific, on their own health, that of their spouses, families, and off-springs, many of whom could develop chronic respiratory disorders, as passive smokers in the beginning/potential smokers themselves, later on. All such efforts should be backed and supported by strong governmental commitment, to ensure success of their implementation accordingly. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Students, Universities, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Saudi Arabia/epidemiology, Sex Factors, Tobacco Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2010.10.003 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mandil,Ahmed, BinSaeed,Abdulaziz, Ahmad,Shaffi, Al-Dabbagh,Rufaidah, Alsaadi,Muslim, Khan,Mahwish Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Epidemiologic risk factors for esophageal cancer development	2011		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian Pac J Cancer Prev Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 12 Issue 10 Start Page 2461 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 22320939 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract In retrospective studies of esophageal cancer (EC), cigarettes and hookah smoking, nass use (a chewing tobacco product), opium consumption, hot tea drinking, poor oral health, low intake of fresh fruit and vegetables, and low socioeconomic status have been associated with a higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Barrett's esophagus is clearly recognized as a risk factor for EC, and dysplasia remains the only factor useful for identifying patients at increased risk, for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in clinical practice. Here, we review the epidemiologic studies that have investigated the epidemiologic patterns and causes of EC. Descriptors Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology, Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics, Age Factors, Alcoholism, Asia/epidemiology, Barrett Esophagus/complications, Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology, Food Habits, Humans, Nitrosamines/adverse effects, Nutrition Disorders, Papillomavirus Infections/complications, Papillomavirus Infections/pathology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Social Class, Tobacco Use Disorder Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-22320939 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mao,Wei-Min, Zheng,Wei-Hui, Ling,Zhi-Qiang Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Economics of long-distance transmission, storage, and distribution of heat from nuclear plants with existing and newer techniques	1978	Margen, Peter H., AB Atomenergi, Studsvik, Fack 611 01 Nykoping	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nuclear Technology Periodical, Abbrev. Nucl Technol Pub Date Free Form 1978/04 Volume 38 Issue 2 Start Page 192 Other Pages 203 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0029-5450 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Conventional and newer types of hot-water pipes are applied to the bulk transport of reject heat from central nuclear power plants to the district heating network of cities or groups of cities. With conventional pipes, the transport of 300 to 2000 MW of heat over distances of 30 to 100 km can be justified, while with newer pipe types, even longer distances would often be economic. For medium-size district heating schemes, low-temperature heat transport from simple heat-only reactors suitable for closer location to cities is of interest. For daily storage of heat on district heating systems, steel heat accumulators are currently used in Sweden. The development of more advanced cheaper heat accumulators, such as lake storage schemes, could make even seasonal heat storage economic. Newer distribution technology extends the economic field of penetration of district heating even to suburban one-family house districts. With proper design and optimization, nuclear district heating can be competitive in a wide market and achieve very substantial fossil-fuel savings. Descriptors methodology, nuclear reactor, thermogenesis Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Margen,P. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The concept of man and alcoholism in ancient Peru	1985	MariÃ¡tegui, J.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta psiquiÃ¡trica y psicolÃ³gica de AmÃ©rica latina Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Psiquiatr.Psicol.Am.Lat. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 31 Issue 4 Start Page 253 Other Pages 267 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0001-6896 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract In the ancient Peru, particularly in the Inca Empire, the review of alcohol use and abuse must be made according to the ethnohistorical and cultural context with special emphasis on ideological and customary aspects. The outstanding research sources of alcohol consume types and characteristics are: a) The examination of chronicles of the Spanish Conquest and related papers on a textual criticism; b) The study of language from its semantic scope; and c) The archaeological and ethnological testimony. The only alcoholic beverage existing in the Inca's times was "chicha", mainly that of corn fermentation which was used under the ceremonial, ritual and convivial modalities. The pathological drinking types are clearly defined in the lexicon of the Pre-Columbian Peru prevailing languages, mainly Quechua. The social control of drinking overindulgence was evident and the repressive and punitive measures were similar to those of the great ancient civilizations. The image conveyed by most of the chroniclers as to alcohol excessive drinking among Inca people belongs to the trauma of Conquest which suppressed the psychopolitical and sociocultural control that supported their universe of values generating all sort of misbehaviors and selfdestructive types of toxic consume. Descriptors alcoholism, American Indian, article, cultural anthropology, female, history, human, male, Peru, psychological aspect, psychology Links Book Title ConcepciÃ³n del hombre y alcoholismo en el antiguo PerÃº. Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors MariÃ¡tegui,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparative studies of the filtration behavior of bacteria and organic particles in porous ground water pipes. II. Hydraulic, hydrochemical and sedimentation system properties which control the filter factor	1991	Matthess, G., Geologisch-PalÃ¤ontologisches Institut und Museum, Christian-Albrechts-UniversitÃ¤t Kiel.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zentralblatt fÃ¼r Hygiene und Umweltmedizin = International journal of hygiene and environmental medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Zentralbl.Hyg.Umweltmed. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 191 Issue 4 Start Page 347 Other Pages 395 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0934-8859 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors fresh water, microsphere, article, bacterial phenomena and functions, filtration, microbiology, porosity Links Book Title Vergleichende Untersuchung zum Filtrationsverhalten von Bakterien und organischen Partikeln in Porengrundwasserleitern. II. Hydraulische, hydrochemische und sedimentologische Systemeigenschaften, die den Filterfaktor steuern. Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Matthess,G., Bedbur,E., Gundermann,K. O., Loof,M., Peters,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Reconstruction of a case of suicide with a homemade firearm	1986	Institut fur Rechtsmedizin der Freien Universitat, 1000 Berlin 33	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Archiv fur Kriminologie Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Kriminol. Pub Date Free Form 1986/ Volume 177 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 19 Other Pages 28 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0003-9225 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A 34 years old man shot himself by a selfmade muzzle-loader. He pluged one end of a waterpipe, used a cylindrical lead shot, special black powder and kindled the weapon in front of his chest by a slowmatch. The weapon flew away like a rocket. Unused projectils and powder (found in the flat) and the uninjured pipe allowed to copy the event. Velocity and energy of shot and weapon were determined, also the recoil of the pipe and the highest force of a hand to hold it fast. Experimental investigations and calculations corresponded well to the findings of the case. Descriptors adult, autopsy, case report, central nervous system, diagnosis, editorial, etiology, fatality, firearm, forensic medicine, gunshot injury, human, injury, legal aspect, musculoskeletal system, suicide Links Book Title REKONSTRUKTION EINES SUIZIDES MIT EINER SELBSTGEFERTIGTEN SCHUSSWAFFE Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Maxeiner,H., Horn,W., Beyer,W., Mittelhaube,V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
effect of meassel water-pipe smoking versus cigarette smoking on pulmonary arterial pressure and left ventricular and right ventricular function indices in COPD patients, an echodoppler study	2000		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty Girls] The] Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 1 Start Page 649 Other Pages 686 Notes ID: 63456 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract This study included 165 COPD heavy smoker patients with a mean age of 59.9 +/- 8.9 year referred for echo Doppler and cardiac assessment. They were divided according to their type of smoked material into three groups; cigarette smoker group, meassel water-pipe smoker group and cigarette and water-pipe smoker group. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of echo Doppler abnormalities in those patients looking for any specific pattern induced by meassel. The results have shown that the common effects of the whole smoker groups when compared to the non-smoker group were as follows: Severe reduction in FEV 1/FVC%, arterial pO2 reduction, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, right ventricular diastolic dysfunction, impaired index of global right ventricular function, decreased pulmonary acceleration time and right ventricular enlargement. However, water-pipe smoker group if compared to cigarette smoker group showed more aggressive pulmonary obstruction, more degree of pulmonary hypertension, more right ventricular enlargement and more deterioration of right ventricular global function index. In conclusion, the hazards of heavy water-pipe meassel smoking on echo Doppler, FEV1/FVC% and arterial blood gases indices are not only similar to those of heavy cigarette smoking but also it cause more respiratory obstruction, more pulmonary hypertension and more deleterious effect on right ventricular size and global function Descriptors Humans, Male, Female, Smoking/physiology, Lung Diseases, Obstructive, Pulmonary Heart Disease, Respiratory Function Tests, Blood Gas Analysis, Echocardiography, Pulmonary Emphysema Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-63456 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mazen,Adel Ahmed, Oraby,Sabah Saad Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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