WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Epidemiology and laboratory diagnostics of legionellae	2001	SzÃ©nÃ¡si, Z., Szegedi TudomÃ¡nyegyetem, Szent-GyÃ¶rgyi Albert Orvos- Ã©s GyÃ³gyszerÃ©sztudomÃ¡nyi Centrum, AltalÃ¡nos OrvostudomÃ¡nyi Kar, Klinikai MikrobiolÃ³giai Diagnosztikai IntÃ©zet.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Orvosi hetilap Periodical, Abbrev. Orv.Hetil. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 142 Issue 20 Start Page 1035 Other Pages 1043 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0030-6002 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The severe pulmonary disease caused by the inhalation of the different Legionella species is called Legionella pneumonia, while the name of the pulmonary disease caused by the most common Legionella (L. pneumophila) is Legionnaires' disease. Another type of disease caused by legionellae is Pontiac fever with influenza-like symptoms. Legionella spp. are facultative intracellular parasites. They survive within both monocytes in the human organism and amebae in the environment. To prevent and control the occurrence of legionelloses, legionellae should be surveyed and detected in the environmental (water pipes, air-conditioning systems, cooling towers, respiratory equipments, etc.) and clinical (blood, bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, abscess, etc.) samples. Laboratory diagnosis is complicated by the limitations of the available assays. Thus, it is proposed that the microbiological laboratory diagnosis should be based on the simultaneous application of at least three methods (culturing [on BCYE medium], followed by biochemical assays, serology, molecular biologic methods, such as polymerase chain reaction [PCR], direct demonstration [immunofluorescence microscopy], antigen determination are the most important ones) and on the simultaneous demonstration from three different samples (e.g. lower respiratory tract secretions, sputum, urine, blood culture, serum, moreover, water samples from all potential infectious sources, sediment of hot water tanks, as well as swab samples of faucets and shower heads). The advantage of PCR is that is gives reliable results in one day, in contrast to conventional culturing. However, its sensitivity can not be improved by increasing the sample volume, and neither can it give quantitative results nor can it produce strains for epidemiologic studies, contrary to the method of culturing. It is concluded that PCR and culturing do complement, but do not substitute each other. Descriptors bacterial antigen, bacterial DNA, cell culture, diagnostic procedure, genetics, human, immunology, isolation and purification, Legionella, Legionella pneumophila, legionnaire disease, microbiology, polymerase chain reaction, review, standard Links Book Title A legionellÃ¡k epidemiolÃ³giÃ¡ja Ã©s laboratÃ³riumi diagnosztikÃ¡ja. Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors SzÃ©nÃ¡si,Z., Endo,T., Yagita,K., VerÃ©b,I., Nagy,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Early invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a leukemia patient linked to aspergillus contaminated marijuana smoking	2001	Lahav, M., Medicine E Sapir Medical Center, Meir Hospital, Tel-Aviv University, Kfar Saba, Israel	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Leukemia and Lymphoma Periodical, Abbrev. Leuk.Lymphoma Pub Date Free Form 2001/ Volume 42 Issue 6 Start Page 1433 Other Pages 1437 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1042-8194 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract 46-year-old patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) whose disease manifested as fever, chills and dry cough is reported here. Despite broad antibiotic coverage he remained acutely ill with spiking fever, shaking chills, and hypoxemia. His initial chest radiograph was normal but chest computed tomography (CT) scan disclosed bilateral focal infiltrates. Hypoxemia and severe thrombocytopenia precluded invasive diagnostic procedures. A thorough epidemiological investigation revealed that before becoming acutely ill the patient smoked daily tobacco mixed with marijuana from a "hookah bottle". While waiting for tobacco and "hookah water" cultures, we started antifungal therapy. Resolution of fever and hypoxemia ensued after 72 hours. Tobacco cultures yielded heavy growth of Aspergillus species. We suggest that habitual smoking of Aspergillus-infested tobacco and marijuana caused airway colonization with Aspergillus. Leukemia rendered the patient immunocompromised, and allowed Aspergillus to infest the lung parenchyma with early occurrence of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Physicians should be aware of this potentially lethal complication of "hookah" and marijuana smoking in immunocompromised hosts. Descriptors amphotericin B, antibiotic agent, antifungal agent, cytarabine, etoposide, idarubicin, acute disease, acute myeloblastic leukemia, adult, antibiotic therapy, article, Aspergillus, cannabis addiction, case report, chill, computer assisted tomography, coughing, diagnostic procedure, disease severity, drug megadose, fever, fungal contamination, fungus culture, human, hypoxemia, immune deficiency, lung aspergillosis, lung infiltrate, lung parenchyma, male, priority journal, respiratory tract infection, smoking, thorax radiography, thrombocytopenia, tobacco, treatment failure Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Szyper-Kravitz,M., Lang,R., Manor,Y., Lahav,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Reduced spinal bone mineral density in adolescents of an Ultra-Orthodox Jewish community in Brooklyn	2001	Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11219, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form May Volume 107 Issue 5 Start Page E79 Other Pages Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 0376422; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 11331729 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11331729 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Bone mass increases throughout childhood, with maximal bone mass accrual rate occurring in early to mid-puberty and slowing in late puberty. Prevention of osteoporosis and its morbidities depends primarily on the establishment of adequate peak bone mass. Physical activity, calcium intake, and vitamin D stores (from sunlight conversion of precursors of vitamin D and to a lesser degree from dietary intake) are vital determinants of bone mineral density (BMD). BMD is further controlled by genetic and environmental factors that are poorly understood. Observance of ultra-Orthodox Jewish customs may have a negative effect on the factors that promote bone health, and there have been anecdotal reports of higher fracture rates in this population. The ultra-Orthodox Jewish lifestyle encourages scholarly activity in preference to physical activity. Additionally, modest dress codes and inner-city dwelling reduce sunlight exposure. Orthodox Jews do not consume milk products for 6 hours after meat ingestion, leading to potentially fewer opportunities to consume calcium. Foods from the milk group are some of the best sources of dietary calcium. Our aims are to examine BMD in a group of healthy ultra-Orthodox Jewish adolescents in an urban community and to attempt to correlate it to physical activity and dietary factors. DESIGN AND METHODS: We recruited 50 healthy, ultra-Orthodox Jews, ages 15 to 19 years (30 males and 20 females). None were taking corticosteroids or had evidence of malabsorption. All girls were postmenarchal and nulliparous. Pubic hair Tanner stage for boys and breast Tanner stage for girls were determined. Weight and height standard deviation scores were calculated. Calcium, phosphorus, protein, vitamin D, and calorie intake were assessed using a comprehensive food questionnaire referring to what has been eaten over the last year. Hours per week of weight-bearing exercise and walking were determined. Serum levels of calcium, intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH](2)D) were measured. Lumbar spine (L) BMD was assessed by dual energy radiograph absorptiometry. The pediatric software supplied by Lunar Radiation Corporation, which contains gender- and age-specific norms, provided a z score for the lumbar BMD for each participant. L2 to L4 bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) was calculated from L2 to L4 BMD. RESULTS: BMD of L2 to L4 was significantly decreased compared with age/sex-matched normative data: mean z score was -1.25 +/- 1.25 (n = 50). The mean L2 to L4 BMD z score +/- standard deviation was -1.71 +/- 1.18 for boys and -0.58 +/- 1.04 for girls. Eight boys (27%) had L2 to L4 BMD z scores <-2.5, which defines osteoporosis in adulthood. Twenty-seven adolescents (54%), 16 boys and 11 girls, had Tanner stage V. Two participants (4%) had delayed development of Tanner stage V. Mean consumption of calcium by participants under 19 years old was 908 +/- 506 mg/day (n = 46), which is lower than the adequate intake of 1300 mg/day for this age. The consumption of phosphorus was 1329 +/- 606 mg/day, and the consumption of vitamin D was 286 +/- 173 IU/day (n = 50). The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 18.4 +/- 7.6 ng/mL, and the mean serum 1,25(OH)(2)D level was 71.1 +/- 15.7 pg/mL (n = 50). Boys had significantly higher serum levels of 1,25(OH)(2)D than did girls (74.9 +/- 16.46 pg/mL vs 65.25 +/- 12.8 pg/mL, respectively). The serum levels of PTH, calcium, and protein were (mean +/- standard deviation): 33 +/- 16 pg/mL, 9.5 +/- 0.69 mg/dL, and 7.8 +/- 0.6 g/dL, respectively (n = 50). L2 to L4 BMD z score had positive correlation with walking hours (r = 0.4). L2 to L4 BMD z score had negative correlation with serum level of 1,25(OH)(2)D )r = -0.33; n = 50). We could not find significant correlation between L2 to L4 BMD z scores for the entire cohort and any of calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, or protein intake. However, the L2 to L4 BMD z scores of boys had po Descriptors Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Bone Density, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Exercise, Female, Humans, Jews, Judaism, Lumbar Vertebrae/radiography, Male, New York, Regression Analysis, Sunlight Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Taha,W., Chin,D., Silverberg,A. I., Lashiker,L., Khateeb,N., Anhalt,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Untreated periodontal disease in Indonesian adolescents. Subgingival microbiota in relation to experienced progression of periodontitis	2001	Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, ACTA, The Netherlands. M.Timmerman@acta.nl	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 28 Issue 7 Start Page 617 Other Pages 627 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0425123; ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 11422582 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI cpe280703 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11422582 Abstract BACKGROUND/AIMS: In an Indonesian population deprived of regular dental care, the experienced progression of disease between baseline (1987) and follow-up (1994) was investigated in relation to the composition of the subgingival microbiota at follow-up. At baseline the age ranged from 15 to 25 years. Clinical and microbiological evaluation was completed in 158 of the 167 subjects available at follow-up. METHODS: Plaque index (PI), pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and attachment loss (AL) were scored at the approximal surfaces of all teeth and subgingival calculus on the approximal surfaces of the Ramfjord teeth only (number of sites with subgingival calculus: NSC). A pooled sample of the deepest pocket in each quadrant was evaluated using microbiological culture techniques. RESULTS: At baseline the mean values of the clinical parameters were AL=0.35 mm, PI=1.01, BOP=0.80 PD=3.25 mm and NSC=6.04 and at follow-up AL=0.75 mm, PI=1.16, BOP=1.19, PD=3.34 mm and NSC=5.85. All parameters except PD and NSC showed a statistically significant increase. At follow-up the prevalence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was 40%, of Porphyromonas gingivalis 67%, of Prevotella intermedia 66%, of Fusobacterium nucleatum 79%, of Bacteroides forsythus 16%, of Campylobacter rectus 4%, and of P. micros 6%. No differences in clinical parameters were found between groups with or without these micro-organisms. In 129 subjects AL of > or =2 mm at > or =1 site was found. Logistic regression showed three significant odds-ratio's for experienced progressive periodontitis: Plaque index (12.2), gender (3.4) and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (2.9). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this retrospective study suggest that plaque is the most important parameter related to experienced disease progression, and that the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans may be associated with increased chance of disease progression. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/growth & development, Bacteria/classification, Bacteroides/growth & development, Campylobacter/growth & development, Confidence Intervals, Dental Calculus/classification, Dental Plaque Index, Disease Progression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fusobacterium nucleatum/growth & development, Gingiva/microbiology, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification/microbiology, Humans, Indonesia, Logistic Models, Male, Odds Ratio, Peptostreptococcus/growth & development, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/microbiology, Periodontal Diseases/microbiology/physiopathology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification/microbiology, Periodontitis/microbiology/physiopathology, Porphyromonas gingivalis/growth & development, Prevotella intermedia/growth & development, Retrospective Studies, Sex Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Timmerman,M. F., Van der Weijden,G. A., Arief,E. M., Armand,S., Abbas,F., Winkel,E. G., Van Winkelhoff,A. J., Van der Velden,U. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effect of heavy metals and benzene on porphyrin synthesis of human epithelial larynx carcinoma cells (HEp-2)	2001	Herbarth, O., UFZ - Umweltforsch. Ztrm. L.-H. GmbH, Sekt. Expositionsforsch./Epidemiol., Medizinische Fak. der Univ. Leipzig, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Umweltmedizin in Forschung und Praxis Periodical, Abbrev. Umweltmed.Forsch.Prax. Pub Date Free Form 2001/ Volume 6 Issue 4 Start Page 221 Other Pages 230 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1430-8681 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Aim of the investigation was to prepare an environmental epidemiological test to detect the effects of pollutants by a pattern of porphyrin excretion in the urine. The task was to test whether lead, mercury, copper, zinc and benzene in environmentally relevant concentrations influence porphyrin synthesis of cells. The model used was the permanent epithelial larynx carcinoma cell line HEp-2, which was stimulated to synthesize porphyrins by adding Î´-amino-levulinic acid (Î´-ALA) in excess. 8- to 4-carboxyporphyrins and protoporphyrin IX were measured both in the cells and in the culture medium by means of high performance liquid cromatography (HPLC). The following pollutant effects were found: lead: extracellular increase of hexacarboxyporphyrin and intracellular decrease of heptacarboxy- and copro-porphyrin; mercury: extracellular decrease of heptacarboxyporphyrin and intracellular increase of coproporphyrin; copper: extracellular decrease of uro-, coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin IX, extracellular increase of heptacarboxyporphyrin and intracellular decrease of uro-, heptacarboxy- and coproporphyrin; zinc: extracellular increase of coproporphyrin; benzene: a tendency to extracellular increase of hexacarboxyporphyrin. The main result is the decrease in the concentrations of porphyrins caused by copper. This result is possibly linked to gastro-intestinal diseases among children due to drinking water from copper water pipes. Descriptors aminolevulinic acid, benzene, copper, heavy metal, lead, mercury, porphyrin, protoporphyrin, zinc, article, carcinoma cell, cell culture, culture medium, drinking, gastrointestinal disease, heme synthesis, high performance liquid chromatography, human, larynx carcinoma, pollutant, urinary excretion, water contamination Links Book Title Wirkung von schwermetallen und benzol auf die porphyrinsynthese von humanen epithelialen larynxkarzinomzellen (HEp-2) Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Tumat,C., Kath,H. -G, Perlewitz,J., Herbarth,O., Manuwald,O. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market	2001	Tokyo Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health, Japan. uematsu@tokyo-eiken.go.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Food additives and contaminants Periodical, Abbrev. Food Addit.Contam. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 18 Issue 2 Start Page 177 Other Pages 185 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8500474; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Chlorohydrins); 0 (Coffee); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (bisphenol F diglycidyl ether); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0265-203X; 0265-203X Accession Number PMID: 11288915 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1080/02652030010005501 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11288915 Abstract BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GC-MS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1 mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl anti BFDGE.HCl.H2O at a level of 1.5 mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol. Descriptors Benzhydryl Compounds, Carcinogens/analysis, Chlorohydrins/analysis/chemistry, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Coffee/chemistry, Epoxy Compounds/analysis, Food Contamination, Food Packaging, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Humans, Japan, Vegetables/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Uematsu,Y., Hirata,K., Suzuki,K., Iida,K., Saito,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking affects the subgingival microflora in periodontitis	2001	Department of Oral Biology, Section of Clinical Periodontal Microbiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 72 Issue 5 Start Page 666 Other Pages 671 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8000345; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0022-3492; 0022-3492 Accession Number PMID: 11394403 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D; IM DOI 10.1902/jop.2001.72.5.666 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11394403 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking has been identified as one major risk factor for destructive periodontal disease. Scaling and root planing have been shown to be less effective in smokers with periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to compare the subgingival microbial flora of treated and untreated smokers and non-smokers. METHODS: Four independent adult patient groups with periodontitis were included in this investigation: 88 untreated smokers (U-S); 90 untreated non-smokers (U-NS); 119 treated non-smokers (T-NS); and 171 treated smokers (T-S). Clinical variables included cumulative plaque index (CPI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), cumulative bleeding index (CBI), and cumulative suppuration index (CSI). Paper point samples from the deepest bleeding pocket in each quadrant of the dentition were analyzed for the presence and levels of 6 periodontal bacterial pathogens using anaerobic culture techniques. RESULTS: U-S showed a higher mean cumulative plaque index than U-NS (3.5 versus 2.7). Mean PD and mean CAL were higher in the T-S in comparison to the T-NS group (7.0 versus 6.6 mm and 5.6 versus 4.7 mm, respectively). Microbiological characteristics of U-S were a higher prevalence of Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens and higher mean levels of Peptostreptococcus micros (Pm) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). T-S patients were characterized by higher prevalence of Bacteroides forsythus (Bf), Pm, and Campylobacter rectus (Cr) and higher mean levels of Pm and Fn. The mean percentage of B. forsythus tended to be higher in the T-S group than in the T-NS group (6.9% versus 5.6%). The relative risk to be infected with Bf, Pm, and Cr was statistically higher in smokers (odds ratios: 1.9, 1.9, and 1.6, respectively). The chance to find > or =10% of Bf, Pm, and/or Fn was 3.3 higher in smokers when A. actinomycetemcomitans and P gingivalis were absent. Detection of > or =20% Pm/Fn in treated patients was strongly associated with smoking (odds ratio 13.8, P= 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Smoking is a determining factor for the composition of the subgingival microflora in adult patients with periodontitis and may select for a specific cluster of periodontal pathogens, notably Bf, Pm, Fn, and Cr. On the basis of these observations, smoking, among other criteria, may be one parameter to use in deciding to treat refractory periodontitis in smokers with a systemic antibiotic therapy directed against smoking-associated periodontal bacteria. Descriptors Adult, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/classification, Bacteroides/classification, Campylobacter/classification, Chi-Square Distribution, Dental Plaque Index, Fusobacterium nucleatum/classification, Gingiva/microbiology, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification/microbiology, Gram-Negative Bacteria/classification, Humans, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Peptostreptococcus/classification, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/microbiology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification/microbiology, Periodontitis/microbiology/therapy, Porphyromonas gingivalis/classification, Prevotella/classification, Prevotella intermedia/classification, Risk Factors, Smoking/physiopathology, Statistics, Nonparametric Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors van Winkelhoff,A. J., Bosch-Tijhof,C. J., Winkel,E. G., van der Reijden,W. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Detection of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella species in human feces by using group-specific PCR primers and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis	2001	Institute of Food Technology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied and Environmental Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 67 Issue 6 Start Page 2578 Other Pages 2585 Notes LR: 20140613; JID: 7605801; 0 (DNA Primers); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); OID: NLM: PMC92910; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0099-2240; 0099-2240 Accession Number PMID: 11375166 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1128/AEM.67.6.2578-2585.2001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11375166 Abstract Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of DNA fragments generated by PCR with 16S ribosomal DNA-targeted group-specific primers was used to detect lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of the genera Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella in human feces. Analysis of fecal samples of four subjects revealed individual profiles of DNA fragments originating not only from species that have been described as intestinal inhabitants but also from characteristically food-associated bacteria such as Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus curvatus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Comparison of PCR-DGGE results with those of bacteriological culture showed that the food-associated species could not be cultured from the fecal samples by plating on Rogosa agar. On the other hand, all of the LAB species cultured from feces were detected in the DGGE profile. We also detected changes in the types of LAB present in human feces during consumption of a milk product containing the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus DR20. The analysis of fecal samples from two subjects taken before, during, and after administration of the probiotic revealed that L. rhamnosus was detectable by PCR-DGGE during the test period in the feces of both subjects, whereas it was detectable by culture in only one of the subjects. Descriptors Adult, Clinical Trials as Topic, DNA Primers, DNA, Ribosomal/genetics/isolation & purification, Electrophoresis/methods, Feces/microbiology, Female, Humans, Lactobacillaceae/genetics/isolation & purification, Lactobacillus/isolation & purification, Leuconostoc/isolation & purification, Male, Nucleic Acid Denaturation, Pediococcus/isolation & purification, Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, Probiotics/pharmacology, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics/isolation & purification, Streptococcaceae/genetics/isolation & purification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Walter,J., Hertel,C., Tannock,G. W., Lis,C. M., Munro,K., Hammes,W. P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC92910 Editors
Comparison of practical treatment methods to eradicate pinworm (Dentostomella translucida) infections from Mongolian gerbils (Meroines unguiculatus).	2001	Wilkerson, J.D., Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of California, Medical Research Building II, Box 0564, San Francisco, California 94143-0564, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Contemporary topics in laboratory animal science / American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Periodical, Abbrev. Contemp.Top.Lab.Anim.Sci. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 40 Issue 5 Start Page 31 Other Pages 36 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1060-0558 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract This study evaluates the efficacy of various treatment methods to eradicate Dentostomella translucida from Mongolian gerbil colonies. The following five treatment methods were instituted in naturally infected groups of 10 gerbils each: topical ivermectin misting, ivermectin-medicated drinking water, piperazine citrate-medicated drinking water, fenbendazole-medicated feed, and a combination of ivermectin-medicated drinking water and fenbendazole-medicated feed. Treatment success was assessed by using weekly fecal flotations, with necropsy examinations performed on fecal-negative gerbils (except those in the misted group) at 5 weeks after the last treatment. Topical ivermectin misting left 40% of gerbils fecal-positive. With piperazine citrate-medicated drinking water, 60% of the gerbils were fecal-positive; the remaining 40% had adult worms in their digestive tract at necropsy. Ivermectin-medicated drinking water caused 80% of the gerbils to be negative on fecal flotation. On necropsy, however, all but one of these gerbils harbored adult pinworms. Treatments with fenbendazole-supplemented feed alone or in combination with ivermectin-treated water resulted in no fecal shedding or evidence of adult pinworms on necropsy examination. Of the five treatments evaluated, only those using fenbendazole-medicated feed (150 ppm) provided a practical and reliable treatment method to eradicate pinworm infections in Mongolian gerbil colonies. Descriptors antinematodal agent, fenbendazole, ivermectin, piperazine citrate, piperazine derivative, animal, animal disease, animal food, article, comparative study, drinking, drug combination, enterobiasis, experimental animal, feces, female, gerbil, male, parasitology, rodent disease, topical drug administration Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Wilkerson,J. D., Brooks,D. L., Derby,M., Griffey,S. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationship between right-to-left shunts and cutaneous decompression illness	2001	The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury SY3 8XQ, UK.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical science (London, England : 1979) Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Sci.(Lond) Pub Date Free Form May Volume 100 Issue 5 Start Page 539 Other Pages 542 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 7905731; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0143-5221; 0143-5221 Accession Number PMID: 11294694 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11294694 Abstract The presence of a large right-to-left shunt is associated with neurological decompression illness after non-provocative dives, as a result of paradoxical gas embolism. A small number of observations suggest that cutaneous decompression illness is also associated with a right-to-left shunt, although an embolic aetiology of a diffuse rash is more difficult to explain. We performed a retrospective case--control comparison of the prevalence and sizes of right-to-left shunts determined by contrast echocardiography performed blind to history in 60 divers and one caisson worker with a history of cutaneous decompression illness, and 123 historical control divers. We found that 47 (77.0%) of the 61 cases with cutaneous decompression illness had a shunt, compared with 34 (27.6%) of 123 control divers (P<0.001). The size of the shunts in the divers with cutaneous decompression illness was significantly greater than in the controls. Thus 30 (49.2%) of the 61 cases with cutaneous decompression illness had a large shunt at rest, compared with six (4.9%) of the 123 controls (P<0.001). During closure procedures in 17 divers who had cutaneous decompression illness, the mean diameter of the foramen ovale was 10.9 mm. Cutaneous decompression illness occurred after dives that were provocative or deep in subjects without shunts, but after shallower and non-provocative dives in those with shunts. The latter individuals are at increased risk of neurological decompression illness. We conclude that cutaneous decompression illness has two pathophysiological mechanisms. It is usually associated with a large right-to-left shunt, when the mechanism is likely to be paradoxical gas embolism with peripheral amplification when bubble emboli invade tissues supersaturated with nitrogen. Cutaneous decompression illness can also occur in individuals without a shunt. In these subjects, the mechanism might be bubble emboli passing through an 'overloaded' lung filter or autochthonous bubble formation. Descriptors Case-Control Studies, Decompression Sickness/etiology, Female, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications/surgery/ultrasonography, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Skin Diseases/etiology, Valsalva Maneuver/physiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wilmshurst,P. T., Pearson,M. J., Walsh,K. P., Morrison,W. L., Bryson,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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