WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in commercial air divers: a field study including cases with right-to-left shunting	1995	University Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Western Infirmary, Glasgow.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc Periodical, Abbrev. Undersea Hyperb.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 22 Issue 2 Start Page 129 Other Pages 135 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 9312954; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 1066-2936; 1066-2936 Accession Number PMID: 7633274 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7633274 Abstract Many cases of decompression illness occur in divers using recommended decompression tables. Doppler ultrasound has been used for over 20 yr and has shown the presence of venous bubbles in asymptomatic divers working well within decompression limits. Previous studies have demonstrated an increased prevalence of patent foramen ovale in divers who have suffered neurologic decompression illness. It has been postulated that right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale could allow arterialization of these bubbles, causing symptoms and signs of acute decompression illness and possibly chronic subclinical neurologic impairment. We set out to determine the incidence of bubbles in the cerebral circulation of commercial divers decompressing from air dives. Using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), the middle cerebral arteries of 17 divers were monitored after surfacing from depths ranging between 3 and 50 m. Peripheral contrast injection with simultaneous transthoracic echocardiography and TCD was used to screen for right-to-left shunting. Right-to-left shunting was detected in four divers by TCD (one at rest, two after a Valsalva maneuver, and one only after coughing); however, echocardiography was positive in only one of these subjects after a Valsalva maneuver (TCD was positive at rest in this subject). Seventy-three TCD recordings were performed in four settings: 41 after underwater decompression, 18 after surface decompression, 10 in the interval between surfacing and entering the decompression chamber, and 4 after a chamber dive. Twenty-three of these recordings were in four subjects with right-to-left shunting; no bubbles were detected in any of these recordings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Descriptors Adult, Cough/physiopathology, Decompression, Decompression Sickness/etiology/ultrasonography, Diving, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications, Humans, Male, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Valsalva Maneuver Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Glen,S. K., Georgiadis,D., Grosset,D. G., Douglas,J. D., Lees,K. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Shear bond strength of a resin composite to enamel etched with maleic or phosphoric acid	1994	Oral Health Program, Brisbane South Region, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Australian Dental Journal Periodical, Abbrev. Aust.Dent.J. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 39 Issue 5 Start Page 292 Other Pages 297 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0370612; 0 (Adhesives); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dentin-Bonding Agents); 0 (Maleates); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (Z100 composite resin); 7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide); 90881-69-9 (Scotchbond); 91XW058U2C (maleic acid); C6 Place of Publication AUSTRALIA ISSN/ISBN 0045-0421; 0045-0421 Accession Number PMID: 7811206 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7811206 Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 10 per cent maleic and 37 per cent phosphoric acid on the shear bond strength of Z100 composite resin with Scotchbond Multi-Purpose adhesive to primary and permanent tooth enamel. Four groups of 20 teeth each were established: 1, permanent teeth, 10 per cent maleic acid etched for 15 seconds; 2, permanent teeth, 10 per cent maleic acid etched for 30 seconds; 3, permanent teeth, 37 per cent phosphoric acid etched for 15 seconds; 4, primary teeth, 10 per cent maleic acid etched for 15 seconds. Five teeth from each group were randomly assigned for SEM examination of the etched enamel surface. Scotchbond Multi-Purpose primer and adhesive were applied to the etched enamel surface of the remaining 15 teeth and cured following the manufacturer's instructions. Z100 composite resin was placed in a nylon cylinder and cured for two 40 second intervals. Following thermocycling, the specimens were sheared on an universal testing machine and debonded areas were examined visually with a stereo microscope and with SEM. The mean shear bond strengths in MPa were: 1, 17.00; 2, 14.58; 3, 14.66; 4, 11.18. ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls analyses revealed no statistically significant difference among the groups. SEM examination showed the majority of specimens fractured at the adhesive-resin interface. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental, Adhesives/chemistry, Analysis of Variance, Composite Resins/chemistry, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel/drug effects/ultrastructure, Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry, Humans, Maleates/administration & dosage/pharmacology, Materials Testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Phosphoric Acids/administration & dosage/pharmacology, Resin Cements, Silicon Dioxide/chemistry, Stress, Mechanical, Surface Properties, Time Factors, Tooth, Deciduous, Zirconium/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hallett,K. B., Garcia-Godoy,F., Trotter,A. R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Attitude to tobacco and prevalence of smokers among primary care physicians in Guipuzcoa	1994	Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Andoain, Guipuzcoa.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Atencion Primaria / Sociedad Espanola de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria Periodical, Abbrev. Aten.Primaria Pub Date Free Form 30-Nov Volume 14 Issue 9 Start Page 1073 Other Pages 1076 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9111075; ppublish Place of Publication SPAIN ISSN/ISBN 0212-6567; 0212-6567 Accession Number PMID: 7811900 Language spa SubFile Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7811900 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To discover the evolvement of Primary Care doctors' tobacco consumption in Guipuzcoa and their attitudes to tobacco dependency. DESIGN: A descriptive study of a crossover type. October 1992. SETTING: Primary Health care. PARTICIPANTS: 381 general physicians and paediatricians from Guipuzcoa province. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A self-filled questionnaire was distributed at Health Centres for subsequent return by mail. The reply rate was 60.89%, 42.3% were smokers; 33.6%, ex-smokers. 43% of smokers smoked in the Centre; 2% in front of patients. We found significant differences (p < 0.05) with a study carried out in 1988, where doctors who smoked were 52.4%, ex-smokers 19% and doctors who smoked in front of patients, 18.2%. 45.7% of women smoked, 39.2% of men. 78% of the doctors under study stated that they questioned patients about tobacco consumption. 95.2% did so when patients had specific pathologies. CONCLUSIONS: There has been a significant decline in tobacco smoking by doctors in Guipuzcoa. There are more women than men smokers. There is a higher proportion of ex-smokers among doctors than in the population as a whole. There has been a positive change of attitude as to smoking in front of patients. Centres should become more involved in the struggle against tobacco by offering to set up dependency counselling groups. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Attitude, Cross-Over Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Physicians, Prevalence, Primary Health Care, Smoking/epidemiology, Smoking Cessation, Spain/epidemiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Time Factors, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sampedro Martinez,E., Narzabal Goni,M. A., Frias Oyaga,O., Antero Berganzos,E., Saez Salazar,M., Aranegui Lasuen,M. C., Millet Sampedro,M. Original/Translated Title Actitud ante el tabaco y prevalencia de fumadores en medicos de atencion primaria de Guipuzcoa URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Substance use and abuse among college students: a review of recent literature	1994	UCLA Drug Abuse Research Center.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of American college health : J of ACH Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Coll.Health Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 43 Issue 3 Start Page 99 Other Pages 113 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 8214119; RF: 86; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0744-8481; 0744-8481 Accession Number PMID: 7814772 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1080/07448481.1994.9939094 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7814772 Abstract This article reviews the research literature since 1980 on alcohol and other (illicit) drug use among college and university students. The discussion begins with a summary of survey findings on the nature and extent of alcohol and drug use, including prevalence and patterns of use and associated problems. This summary is followed by a discussion of the correlates of substance use and problems, including demographic characteristics, personality factors, year in college and grade point average, college residence, motivation, and attitudes. The most popular substance used by college students is alcohol, used by about 90% of students at least once a year. Heavy alcohol use is also prevalent, and is associated with serious, acute problems. Although alcohol use has decreased somewhat in recent years, much larger declines in use have been recorded for illicit drugs. The major proportion of research on substance use in this population has been devoted to alcohol; more information is needed on the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of illicit drug use. Suggestions for coping with problems of campus alcohol use/abuse are offered. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects/epidemiology/ethnology/psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Religion, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Students, Substance-Related Disorders/complications/epidemiology/ethnology/psychology, United States/epidemiology, Universities Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Prendergast,M. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Integrating the Lactational Amenorrhea Method into a family planning program in Ecuador	1994	Institute for Applied Social and Policy Research, Claremont Graduate School, CA 91711-4168.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Studies in family planning Periodical, Abbrev. Stud.Fam.Plann. Pub Date Free Form May-Jun Volume 25 Issue 3 Start Page 162 Other Pages 175 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 7810364; OID: PIP: 096936; OID: POP: 00231326; OTO: PIP; GN: PIP: TJ: STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING.; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0039-3665; 0039-3665 Accession Number PMID: 7940621 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM; J DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7940621 Abstract This paper reports the results of a 12-month implementation study documenting the process of integrating the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) into a multiple-method family planning service-delivery organization, the Centro Medico de Orientacion y Planificacion Familiar (CEMOPLAF), in Ecuador. LAM was introduced as a family planning option in four CEMOPLAF clinics. LAM was accepted by 133 breastfeeding women during the program's first five months, representing about one-third of postpartum clients. Seventy-three percent of LAM acceptors were new to any family planning method. Follow-up interviews with a systematic sample of 67 LAM users revealed that the method was generally used correctly. Three pregnancies were reported, none by women who were following LAM as recommended. Service providers' knowledge of LAM resulted in earlier IUD insertions among breastfeeding women. Relationships with other maternal and child health organizations and programs were also established.; PIP: The aim of this inquiry was to describe the planning and process of integration of the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM), as a viable contraceptive option, into an existing family planning service network. LAM was introduced as a demonstration project in 1991 in 4 out of 20 available clinics nationwide operated by the private, nonprofit Centro Medico de Orientacio y Planificacion. Study sites included Quito in an urban mountainous area, Latacunga in a mixed urban/rural mountainous area, Cajabamba in an isolated area with indigenous populations, and Santo Domingo in a mixed urban/rural coastal area. A needs assessment of clients, staff, and organizational information system factors was conducted 4 months prior to introducing LAM into the pilot clinics. Organizational materials were prepared for clients, and a staff training program was implemented. Baseline information was obtained from 58 clients and 24 staff on the prevailing knowledge, attitudes, and practices of breast feeding and contraception. The educational materials included a wall chart on breast feeding promotion, a wall poster on contraception including LAM, a 12 page booklet for LAM clients, and a desk-size flip chart for one-to-one instruction. Record keeping was improved. LAM was introduced to all mothers with infants 6 months old, who were fully or nearly fully breast feeding and were amenorrheic, and identified by intake staff. Follow-up was after 3 months, unless there was a change in desires or a change in the LAM requirements. After 6 months of implementation, a qualitative evaluation was made. 50% of acceptors were interviewed (67, of which 23 were still using LAM). The results showed that 73% used LAM as their first ever contraceptive method. Compliance with follow-up and LAM instructions varied with each clinic. 87% of users and 67% of Quechua users expressed satisfaction with LAM. A number of observations were made about clinic operations. A refined training model was developed, and there was consensus that the 12-page booklet was the most useful. A well child program was integrated into the LAM program. A surprise finding was the low use among rural traditional ethnic groups. LAM is being included in outreach efforts and the expertise passed along to other health programs. The Pearl pregnancy index was 6.8%, which was comparable to other temporary methods in Andean countries. Descriptors Adult, Amenorrhea/etiology, Birth Intervals, Clinical Protocols, Decision Trees, Ecuador, Family Planning Services/organization & administration, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lactation, Postpartum Period, Program Development, Program Evaluation, Americas, Developing Countries, Family Planning, Family Planning Program Evaluation, Family Planning Programs, Family Planning, Behavioral Methods, Latin America, Natural Family Planning, Organization And Administration, Postpartum Amenorrhea, Pre-post Tests, Program Activities, Program Design, Programs, Puerperium, Reproduction, Service Statistics, South America Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wade,K. B., Sevilla,F., Labbok,M. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The integration of family planning and childhood immunization services in Togo	1994	Population Council, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Studies in family planning Periodical, Abbrev. Stud.Fam.Plann. Pub Date Free Form May-Jun Volume 25 Issue 3 Start Page 176 Other Pages 183 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 7810364; OID: PIP: 096937; OID: POP: 00231327; OTO: PIP; GN: PIP: TJ: STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING.; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0039-3665; 0039-3665 Accession Number PMID: 7940622 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM; J DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7940622 Abstract Improvements in the constellation of services in the African context are largely addressed through attaining better measures of service integration, which can be achieved through improved referral across categories of health programs. The use of an unobtrusive referral message that linked family planning and the Expanded Program of Immunizations (EPI) services was tested in an operations research study in Togo. The introduction of the referral message was accompanied by an 18-percent increase in awareness of available family planning services and an increase in the average monthly number of new family planning clients of 54 percent. These positive results indicate that the use of referral can have a significant and dramatic impact on family planning services in a relatively short time. In Togo, no evidence existed of a negative impact on EPI services, and a majority of the EPI providers reported satisfaction with the effect of the referral message at the close of the study.; PIP: Quality of care is currently construed to mean matching population needs with service provision. Improvements in African services are valued when there is a constellation of multiple services provided in a fixed center. In Togo, a simple intervention was developed to link childhood immunization and family planning services. Before immunizing each child, the service provider would make 3 family planning statements to the child's mother. The statements were salient and easy to remember: "Madame, your child is still young, and you should be concerned about having another pregnancy too soon." "This clinic provides family planning services that can help you delay your next pregnancy." And, "You should visit the family planning services after the immunization today for more information." Clinic staff were trained in a day and a half orientation session. The referral message was evaluated with a quasi-experimental design. Impact was measured in terms of knowledge of family planning methods and availability of family planning in the clinic, intention to use a contraceptive method, and the history of contraceptive use. 16 urban and rural clinics were involved. The sample included 1000 randomly selected women who has just had their children immunized. The pretest was conducted in January, 1992, and the post test was conducted in August, 1992, 6 months after the intervention in the study. Service statistics were also collected from 9 months prior to the intervention until September, 1992. Pretest and post test women were similar demographically. Recall levels were also similar. The results indicated that control group persons did not show any change in their awareness of family service availability in the clinic. The increase in the study group was from 40% to 58%. Differences between awareness in the control and study groups was 8% before the intervention and 22% after. Women desiring a longer birth-spacing period were more likely to be aware of service availability. The mean number of acceptors in the study group increased significantly from 200 to 307; average monthly number of family planning users also increased significantly from 1035 to 1311, which was a significant difference from control group users. Both groups showed significant increases in number of vaccines administered monthly in the study period. Descriptors Child Health Services/organization & administration, Child, Preschool, Family Planning Services/organization & administration/utilization, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Immunization, Interinstitutional Relations, Operations Research, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Program Evaluation, Referral and Consultation/organization & administration, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Togo, Africa, Africa South Of The Sahara, Communication, Communication Programs, Comparative Studies, Data Collection, Delivery Of Health Care, Developing Countries, Family Planning, Family Planning Programs, French Speaking Africa, Health, Health Services, Integrated Programs, Interviews, Knowledge, Organization And Administration, Pre-post Tests, Primary Health Care, Program Activities, Programs, Referral And Consultation, Research Methodology, Research Report, Service Statistics, Studies, Western Africa Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Huntington,D., Aplogan,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Surveillance for selected tobacco-use behaviors--United States, 1900-1994	1994	Office on Smoking and Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.CDC surveillance summaries : Morbidity and mortality weekly report.CDC surveillance summaries / Centers for Disease Control Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR CDC Surveill.Summ. Pub Date Free Form 18-Nov Volume 43 Issue 3 Start Page 1 Other Pages 43 Notes LR: 20120329; JID: 8407977; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN Accession Number PMID: 7969014 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7969014 Abstract PROBLEM/CONDITION: Surveillance of tobacco use is an essential component of any tobacco-control program. The information gathered can be used to guide research initiatives, intervention programs, and policy decisions. REPORTING PERIODS: This report covers the period 1900-1994 for per capita cigarette consumption; 1965-1991 for trends in cigarette smoking prevalence and cessation; 1974-1991 for trends in the number of cigarettes smoked daily by current smokers; 1987-1991 for recent patterns of tobacco use; 1970, 1987, and 1991 for trends in cigar/pipe smoking and snuff/chewing tobacco use; 1984-1992 for trends in state-specific prevalences of regular cigarette smoking; 1987-1992 for state-specific estimates of smokeless-tobacco use; and 1976-1993 for trends in cigarette smoking among U.S. high school seniors. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS: Estimates of cigarette consumption are reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which uses data from the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the U.S. Department of Commerce, the Tobacco Institute, and other sources. The National Health Interview Survey uses household interviews to provide nationally representative estimates (for the civilian, noninstitutionalized population) of cigarette smoking and other behaviors related to tobacco use. The Behavioral Risk Factor surveillance System uses telephone surveys of civilian, noninstitutionalized adults (> or = 18 years of age) to provide state-specific estimates of current cigarette smoking and use of smokeless tobacco. The University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research uses school-based, self-administered questionnaires to gather data on cigarette smoking from a representative sample of U.S. high school seniors. RESULTS: During the period 1900-1963, per capita cigarette consumption increased; after 1964, consumption declined. During the years 1965-1991, current cigarette smoking prevalence among persons ages > or = 18 years declined overall and in every sociodemographic category examined. Decrease in current smoking prevalence was slow in some groups (e.g., among persons with fewer years of formal education). Both the prevalence of never smoking and the prevalence of cessation increased from 1965 through 1991. The prevalence of current cigarette smoking, any tobacco smoking, and any tobacco use was highest among American Indians/Alaska Natives and non-Hispanic blacks and lowest among Asians/Pacific Islanders. The prevalence of cigar smoking and pipe smoking has declined substantially since 1970. The prevalence of smokeless-tobacco use among white males ages 18-34 years was higher in 1987 and 1991 than in 1970; among persons > or = 45 years of age, the use of smokeless tobacco was more common among blacks than whites in 1970 and 1987. Cigarette smoking prevalence has decreased in most states. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use was especially high among men in West Virginia, Montana, and several southern states. From 1984-1993, prevalence of cigarette smoking remained constant among U.S. high school seniors. However, prevalence increased slightly for male seniors and white seniors, decreased slightly for female high school seniors, and decreased sharply for black high school seniors. INTERPRETATION: With the exceptions of increases in cigarette smoking among white and male high school seniors and in the use of smokeless tobacco among white males ages 18-34 years, reductions in tobacco use occurred in every subgroup examined. This decrease must continue if the national health objectives for the year 2000 are to be reached. ACTIONS TAKEN: Surveillance of tobacco use is ongoing. Effective interventions that discourage initiation and encourage cessation are being disseminated throughout the United States. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Plants, Toxic, Population Surveillance, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology/trends, Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Tobacco, Smokeless, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Giovino,G. A., Schooley,M. W., Zhu,B. P., Chrismon,J. H., Tomar,S. L., Peddicord,J. P., Merritt,R. K., Husten,C. G., Eriksen,M. P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The periodontal status of irregular dental attenders	1994	Division of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Queens University, Belfast, Northern Ireland.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 21 Issue 8 Start Page 544 Other Pages 548 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0425123; ppublish Place of Publication DENMARK ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 7989618 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7989618 Abstract The aim of this investigation was to assess the prevalence and severity of periodontal destruction in irregular dental attenders. 50 subjects aged between 20 and 49 years completed a questionnaire and had a periodontal examination. Measurements of plaque, calculus, bleeding, probing depth and clinical attachment level were made at 4 proximal sites per tooth. Results were compared to those for 132 regular attenders. The irregular attenders had more sites with plaque (46.3 +/- 27% versus 17.3 +/- 21.1%) than the regulars and significantly more sites which bled (53.7 +/- 20.4% versus 33.6 +/- 20.7%) and with calculus (35 +/- 21.1% versus 13.4 +/- 12.8%). However, the irregulars had virtually the same number of teeth as the regular attenders, 25.6 +/- 3.3 compared with 25.4 +/- 4.3. Irregular attenders had slightly deeper mean probing depths (2.9 +/- 0.4 versus 2.7 +/- 0.4 mm) but the prevalence and extent of attachment loss was no different between the groups. It was concluded that the prevalence and severity of destructive periodontal disease as indicated by periodontal attachment loss was not related to the regularity of dental attendance in the groups studied. Descriptors Adult, Dental Calculus/etiology/pathology, Dental Care, Dental Plaque/etiology/pathology, Female, Furcation Defects/etiology, Gingival Hemorrhage/etiology/pathology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oral Hygiene, Periodontal Attachment Loss/etiology/pathology, Periodontal Diseases/etiology/pathology, Periodontal Pocket/etiology/pathology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Smoking, Social Class, Tooth/pathology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mullally,B. H., Linden,G. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Benzene, toluene and xylenes in air, geographical distribution in the Piedmont region (Italy) and personal exposure	1994	Department of Hygiene and Community Medicine, University of Turin, Faculty of Science, Italy.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Science of the total environment Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form 30-May Volume 148 Issue 1 Start Page 49 Other Pages 56 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0330500; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); ppublish Place of Publication NETHERLANDS ISSN/ISBN 0048-9697; 0048-9697 Accession Number PMID: 8016638 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 0048-9697(94)90373-5 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 8016638 Abstract The objectives of this study were the determination of: (a) benzene (B), toluene (T) and xylene (X) air pollution in three sites of the Piedmont region (north-western Italy), (b) the relationship between BTX pollution in indoor, outdoor and personal air measured for a group of non-smoking university students, (c) the influence of environmental tobacco smoke on the level of BTX exposure for indoor air environments. Results indicate (i) a direct relationship between human density and level of contamination and higher toluene pollution, (ii) an indoor/outdoor ratio of > 1 for all the three aromatics, (iii) a similar level of personal and indoor air contamination. Human exposure to BTX air pollution has been found to depend principally on indoor air contamination, not only on home pollution, but also, probably on many other confined environments. Descriptors Air Pollutants/analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Humans, Italy, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis, Toluene/analysis, Xylenes/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gilli,G., Scursatone,E., Bono,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The effects of alternative smoking policies on indoor air quality in 27 office buildings	1994	Department of Design and Environmental Analysis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Annals of Occupational Hygiene Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Occup.Hyg. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 38 Issue 3 Start Page 265 Other Pages 278 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0203526; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide); 1HG84L3525 (Formaldehyde); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish Place of Publication ENGLAND ISSN/ISBN 0003-4878; 0003-4878 Accession Number PMID: 8048788 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 8048788 Abstract The effect of alternative smoking policies, which prohibited or restricted smoking, on indoor air quality was studied in 27 air-conditioned office buildings. Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, respirable particulates, formaldehyde, ultraviolet particulate matter (u.v.PM), nicotine, air temperature, relative humidity and illumination were measured at eight sample sites in each building. Smoking policy had no effect on carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, relative humidity, formaldehyde, air temperature or illumination for open office areas. It did have an effect on levels of respirable suspended particulates, ultraviolet particulate matter and nicotine. Descriptors Air Conditioning, Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control, Carbon Dioxide/analysis, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Formaldehyde/analysis, Health Policy, Nicotine/analysis, Office Management, Organizational Policy, Particle Size, Smoking/prevention & control, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/prevention & control Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hedge,A., Erickson,W. A., Rubin,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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