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Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Violence-Related Behaviors and Selfinflicted Injuries Among 15-18 Year Old Iranian Adolescents	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form 24-Dec Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes ID: imsear.hellis.org-123456789-169052 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract In this population-based cross-sectional study, we determined the prevalence of intentional injuries and associated factors among 1201 adolescents in Tehran, Iran. Overall, 63.9% of adolescents had at least one intentional injury behavior which was significantly higher in males. Gender preference for males by parents, very high or very low supervision, waterpipe smoking, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with injuries in females. In addition, poor wealth index, parental punishment and smoking were incriminating factors in males. Descriptors Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/oai-imsear.hellis.org-123456789-169052 Book Title Database IMSEAR; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Baheiraei,Azam, Hamzehgardeshi,Zeinab, Mohammadi,Mohammad Reza, Nedjat,Saharnaz Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Visual Analysis of MOOC Forums with iForum	2016		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics Periodical, Abbrev. IEEE Trans.Vis.Comput.Graph. Pub Date Free Form 5-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160811; JID: 9891704; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1941-0506; 1077-2626 Accession Number PMID: 27514047 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1109/TVCG.2016.2598444 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27514047 Abstract Discussion forums of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) provide great opportunities for students to interact with instructional staff as well as other students. Exploration of MOOC forum data can offer valuable insights for these staff to enhance the course and prepare the next release. However, it is challenging due to the large, complicated, and heterogeneous nature of relevant datasets, which contain multiple dynamically interacting objects such as users, posts, and threads, each one including multiple attributes. In this paper, we present a design study for developing an interactive visual analytics system, called iForum, that allows for effectively discovering and understanding temporal patterns in MOOC forums. The design study was conducted with three domain experts in an iterative manner over one year, including a MOOC instructor and two official teaching assistants. iForum offers a set of novel visualization designs for presenting the three interleaving aspects of MOOC forums (i.e., posts, users, and threads) at three different scales. To demonstrate the effectiveness and usefulness of iForum, we describe a case study involving field experts, in which they use iForum to investigate real MOOC forum data for a course on JAVA programming. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fu,S., Zhao,J., Cui,W., Qu,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160805 PMCID Editors
Visual attention to health warnings on plain tobacco packaging in adolescent smokers and non-smokers	2013	School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. olivia.maynard@bristol.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addiction (Abingdon, England) Periodical, Abbrev. Addiction Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 108 Issue 2 Start Page 413 Other Pages 419 Notes CI: (c) 2012 The Authors, Addiction (c) 2012; JID: 9304118; 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); 2012/04/11 [received]; 2012/05/16 [revised]; 2012/07/20 [accepted]; 2012/10/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1360-0443; 0965-2140 Accession Number PMID: 22882736 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04028.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22882736 Abstract AIMS: Previous research with adults indicates that plain packaging increases visual attention to health warnings in adult non-smokers and weekly smokers, but not daily smokers. The present research extends this study to adolescents aged 14-19 years. DESIGN: Mixed-model experimental design, with smoking status as a between-subjects factor and pack type (branded or plain pack) and eye gaze location (health warning or branding) as within-subjects factors. SETTING: Three secondary schools in Bristol, UK. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of adolescents comprising never-smokers (n = 26), experimenters (n = 34), weekly smokers (n = 13) and daily smokers (n = 14). MEASUREMENTS: Number of eye movements to health warnings and branding on plain and branded packs. FINDINGS: Analysis of variance, irrespective of smoking status revealed more eye movements to health warnings than branding on plain packs, but an equal number of eye movements to both regions on branded packs (P = 0.033). This was observed among experimenters (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for the Study of Addiction Data Source Authors Maynard,O.M., Munafo,M.R., Leonards,U. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121018 PMCID Editors
Vital signs: current cigarette smoking among adults aged >or=18 years --- United States, 2009	2010		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 10-Sep Volume 59 Issue 35 Start Page 1135 Other Pages 1140 Notes LR: 20120910; JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 20829747 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm5935a3 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20829747 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking continues to be the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, causing approximately 443,000 premature deaths annually. METHODS: The 2009 National Health Interview Survey and the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to estimate national and state adult smoking prevalence, respectively. Cigarette smokers were defined as adults aged >/=18 years who reported having smoked >/=100 cigarettes in their lifetime and now smoke every day or some days. RESULTS: In 2009, 20.6% of U.S. adults aged >/=18 years were current cigarette smokers. Men (23.5%) were more likely than women (17.9%) to be current smokers. The prevalence of smoking was 31.1% among persons below the federal poverty level. For adults aged >/=25 years, the prevalence of smoking was 28.5% among persons with less than a high school diploma, compared with 5.6% among those with a graduate degree. Regional differences were observed, with the West having the lowest prevalence (16.4%) and higher prevalences being observed in the South (21.8%) and Midwest (23.1%). From 2005 to 2009, the proportion of U.S. adults who were current cigarette smokers did not change (20.9% in 2005 and 20.6% in 2009). CONCLUSIONS: Previous declines in smoking prevalence in the United States have stalled during the past 5 years; the burden of cigarette smoking continues to be high, especially in persons living below the federal poverty level and with low educational attainment. Sustained, adequately funded, comprehensive tobacco control programs could reduce adult smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: To further reduce disease and death from cigarette smoking, declines in cigarette smoking among adults must accelerate. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is expected to expand access to evidence-based smoking-cessation services and treatments; this likely will result in additional use of these services and reductions of current smoking and its adverse effects among U.S. adults. Population-based prevention strategies such as tobacco taxes, media campaigns, and smoke-free policies, in concert with clinical cessation interventions, can help adults quit and prevent the uptake of tobacco use, furthering the reduction in the current prevalence of tobacco use in the United States across age groups. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Educational Status, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Poverty, Prevalence, Smoking/economics/epidemiology, Social Class, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Vital Signs: Exposure to Electronic Cigarette Advertising Among Middle School and High School Students - United States, 2014	2016		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 8-Jan Volume 64 Issue 52 Start Page 1403 Other Pages 1408 Notes JID: 7802429; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 26741522 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6452a3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26741522 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased considerably among U.S. youths since 2011. Tobacco use among youths in any form, including e-cigarettes, is unsafe. Tobacco product advertising can persuade youths to start using tobacco. CDC analyzed data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette advertisement exposure among U.S. middle school and high school students. METHODS: The 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a school-based survey of middle school and high school students in grades 6-12, included 22,007 participants. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements (categorized as "sometimes," "most of the time," or "always") was assessed for four sources: retail stores, Internet, TV and movies, and newspapers and magazines. Weighted exposure estimates were assessed overall and by school type, sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. RESULTS: In 2014, 68.9% of middle and high school students (18.3 million) were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements from at least one source. Among middle school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (52.8%), followed by Internet (35.8%), TV and movies (34.1%), and newspapers and magazines (25.0%). Among high school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (56.3%), followed by Internet (42.9%), TV and movies (38.4%), and newspapers and magazines (34.6%). Among middle school students, 23.4% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.4% from two sources, 13.7% from three sources, and 11.9% from four sources. Among high school students, 21.1% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.0% from two sources, 14.5% from three sources, and 18.2% from four sources. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: Approximately seven in 10 U.S. middle and high school students were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements in 2014. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements might contribute to increased use of e-cigarettes among youths. Multiple approaches are warranted to reduce youth e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertisements, including efforts to reduce youth access to settings where tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes, are sold, and regulation of youth-oriented e-cigarette marketing. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Singh,T., Marynak,K., Arrazola,R.A., Cox,S., Rolle,I.V., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160108 PMCID Editors
Vital Signs: Tobacco Product Use Among Middle and High School Students - United States, 2011-2018	2019		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 15-Feb Volume 68 Issue 6 Start Page 157 Other Pages 164 Notes LR: 20190227; JID: 7802429; 2019/02/15 06:00 [entrez]; 2019/02/15 06:00 [pubmed]; 2019/02/16 06:00 [medline]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 30763302 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6806e1 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 30763302 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States; nearly all tobacco product use begins during youth and young adulthood. METHODS: CDC, the Food and Drug Administration, and the National Cancer Institute analyzed data from the 2011-2018 National Youth Tobacco Surveys to estimate tobacco product use among U.S. middle and high school students. Prevalence estimates of current (past 30-day) use of seven tobacco products were assessed; differences over time were analyzed using multivariable regression (2011-2018) or t-test (2017-2018). RESULTS: In 2018, current use of any tobacco product was reported by 27.1% of high school students (4.04 million) and 7.2% of middle school students (840,000); electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were the most commonly used product among high school (20.8%; 3.05 million) and middle school (4.9%; 570,000) students. Use of any tobacco product overall did not change significantly during 2011-2018 among either school level. During 2017-2018, current use of any tobacco product increased 38.3% (from 19.6% to 27.1%) among high school students and 28.6% (from 5.6% to 7.2%) among middle school students; e-cigarette use increased 77.8% (from 11.7% to 20.8%) among high school students and 48.5% (from 3.3% to 4.9%) among middle school students. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: A considerable increase in e-cigarette use among U.S. youths, coupled with no change in use of other tobacco products during 2017-2018, has erased recent progress in reducing overall tobacco product use among youths. The sustained implementation of comprehensive tobacco control strategies, in coordination with Food and Drug Administration regulation of tobacco products, can prevent and reduce the use of all forms of tobacco products among U.S. youths. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gentzke,A.S., Creamer,M., Cullen,K.A., Ambrose,B.K., Willis,G., Jamal,A., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20190215 PMCID PMC6375658 Editors
Vitamin C prevents memory impairment induced by waterpipe smoke: role of oxidative stress	2018		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Inhalation toxicology Periodical, Abbrev. Inhal.Toxicol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 30 Issue 5-Apr Start Page 141 Other Pages 148 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Taylor & Francis Data Source google Authors Alqudah, Mohammad AY, Alzoubi, Karem H, Maâ€™abrih, Ghidaâ€™a M, Khabour, Omar F Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Volatile organic compounds in selected micro-environments	2006	Centre for Ecosystem Management, School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 100 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Western Australia, Australia. a.hinwood@ecu.edu.au	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chemosphere Periodical, Abbrev. Chemosphere Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 63 Issue 3 Start Page 421 Other Pages 429 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0320657; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Gasoline); 0 (Organic Chemicals); 0 (Smoke); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); 2004/08/10 [received]; 2005/08/18 [revised]; 2005/08/18 [accepted]; 2005/11/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0045-6535; 0045-6535 Accession Number PMID: 16289288 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI S0045-6535(05)01067-2 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 16289288 Abstract A program of sampling for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient air was undertaken in selected locations and micro-environments in Perth, Western Australia to characterise concentrations of target VOCs and to determine the relative strength of the contributing sources to ambient air in different micro-environments in a major Australian city. Twenty-seven locations were sampled and, of the forty-one target compounds, 26 VOCs were detected in the samples collected. The highest concentrations were recorded for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), chloroform and styrene. The maximum 12-h toluene and benzene concentrations observed were from a basement carpark and were 24.7 parts per billion (ppb) and 5.6 ppb, respectively. The maximum xylenes concentration was 29.4 ppb and occurred in a nightclub where styrene was also detected. A factor analysis of the data was undertaken. Two key factors emerge that appear to be associated with petroleum and motor vehicles and environmental tobacco smoke. A third significant occurrence was a high concentration of chloroform that was observed at a sports centre complex with a swimming pool text and was uncorrelated with other compounds in the data set. This study indicates that locations associated with motor vehicles and petrol fuel, tobacco and wood smoke and chlorinated water represent the major risks for personal exposure to VOCs in Perth. Descriptors Air Pollutants/analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Gasoline, Housing, Humans, Occupational Exposure/analysis, Organic Chemicals/analysis, Restaurants, Smoke, Tobacco, Vehicle Emissions, Volatilization, Western Australia, Wood, Workplace Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hinwood,A. L., Berko,H. N., Farrar,D., Galbally,I. E., Weeks,I. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20051111 PMCID Editors
Volatile sulphur compounds in exhaled air of dental students smoking the waterpipe: a nested case control study	2017	Taibah University Dental College and Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia.; Taibah University Dental College and Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia.; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; Taibah University Dental College and Hospital(TRUNCATED	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Minerva stomatologica Periodical, Abbrev. Minerva Stomatol. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 66 Issue 4 Start Page 157 Other Pages 162 Notes LR: 20180530; JID: 0421071; 0 (Sulfur Compounds); 2017/05/13 06:00 [pubmed]; 2018/05/31 06:00 [medline]; 2017/05/13 06:00 [entrez]; ppublish Place of Publication Italy ISSN/ISBN 1827-174X; 0026-4970 Accession Number PMID: 28497662 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI 10.23736/S0026-4970.17.04061-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 28497662 Abstract BACKGROUND: This study aims at investigating a potential adverse effect that waterpipe tobacco smoking may cause by comparing levels of volatile sulphur compounds in exhaled air of male dental students who smoke the waterpipe with those who do not smoke. METHODS: Dental students were categorized into waterpipe smokers and non-smokers. Volatile sulphur compounds were measured using a halimeter following the completion of questionnaire on smoking and oral hygiene habits and self-perceived halitosis. Statistics were carried out using ANOVA and relevant post hoc tests, associations were investigated using cross tabulation with the chi2 test. RESULTS: Results showed significantly higher levels of volatile sulphur compounds in: waterpipe smokers who smoke at least once a month when compared with non-smokers regardless their oral hygiene habits; subjects who do not brush their teeth; and subjects who self-perceive halitosis. There were no significant differences in these levels for similar groups on the basis of: use of floss, or use of mouth wash. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that waterpipe tobacco smoking results in increased volatile sulphur compounds levels in exhaled air. Oral hygiene practices like the use of tooth brush, dental floss, and mouth wash also seem to result in lower levels. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Humaidi,S.F., Dar-Odeh,N.S., Alnazzawi,A., Kutkut,A., Hudieb,M., Abu-Hammad,O. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20170510 PMCID Editors
Voriconazole-induced inhibition of the fungicidal activity of amphotericin B in Candida strains with reduced susceptibility to voriconazole: an effect not predicted by the MIC value alone	2011	Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. anders.lignell@akademiska.se	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 55 Issue 4 Start Page 1629 Other Pages 1637 Notes LR: 20150205; JID: 0315061; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (CDR1 protein, Candida albicans); 0 (Fungal Proteins); 0 (Membrane Transport Proteins); 0 (Pyrimidines); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OID: NLM: PMC3067173; 2011 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-6596; 0066-4804 Accession Number PMID: 21282443 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1128/AAC.00791-10 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21282443 Abstract An antagonistic effect of voriconazole on the fungicidal activity of sequential doses of amphotericin B has previously been demonstrated in Candida albicans strains susceptible to voriconazole. Because treatment failure and the need to switch to other antifungals are expected to occur more often in infections that are caused by resistant strains, it was of interest to study whether the antagonistic effect was still seen in Candida strains with reduced susceptibility to voriconazole. With the hypothesis that antagonism will not occur in voriconazole-resistant strains, C. albicans strains with characterized mechanisms of resistance against voriconazole, as well as Candida glabrata and Candida krusei strains with differences in their degrees of susceptibility to voriconazole were exposed to voriconazole or amphotericin B alone, to both drugs simultaneously, or to voriconazole followed by amphotericin B in an in vitro kinetic model. Amphotericin B administered alone or simultaneously with voriconazole resulted in fungicidal activity. When amphotericin B was administered after voriconazole, its activity was reduced (median reduction, 61%; range, 9 to 94%). Levels of voriconazole-dependent inhibition of amphotericin B activity differed significantly among the strains but were not correlated with the MIC values (correlation coefficient, -0.19; P = 0.65). Inhibition was found in C. albicans strains with increases in CDR1 and CDR2 expression but not in the strain with an increase in MDR1 expression. In summary, decreased susceptibility to voriconazole does not abolish voriconazole-dependent inhibition of the fungicidal activity of amphotericin B in voriconazole-resistant Candida strains. The degree of interaction could not be predicted by the MIC value alone. Descriptors Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Candida/drug effects, Candida albicans/drug effects, Candida glabrata/drug effects, Drug Interactions, Drug Resistance, Fungal/genetics/physiology, Fungal Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Humans, Membrane Transport Proteins, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pyrimidines/pharmacology, Triazoles/pharmacology, Voriconazole Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lignell,A., Lowdin,E., Cars,O., Sanglard,D., Sjolin,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110131 PMCID PMC3067173 Editors

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