WTS database

Title Sort ascending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Adverse effects of cigarette and noncigarette smoke exposure on the autonomic nervous system: mechanisms and implications for cardiovascular risk	2014	Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: hmiddlekauff@mednet.ucla.edu.; Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, and the Veterans	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the American College of Cardiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Coll.Cardiol. Pub Date Free Form 21-Oct Volume 64 Issue 16 Start Page 1740 Other Pages 1750 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; GR: K23-HL098744/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; GR: MO1-RR00865/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8301365; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Smoke); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/05/10 [received]; 2014/06/24 [revised]; 2014/06/30 [accepted]; ppubl Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1558-3597; 0735-1097 Accession Number PMID: 25323263 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; AIM; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.06.1201 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25323263 Abstract This review summarizes the detrimental effects of cigarette and noncigarette emission exposure on autonomic function, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms of acute and chronic modulation of the sympathetic nervous system. We propose that the nicotine and fine particulate matter in tobacco smoke lead to increased sympathetic nerve activity, which becomes persistent via a positive feedback loop between sympathetic nerve activity and reactive oxidative species. Furthermore, we propose that baroreflex suppression of sympathetic activation is attenuated in habitual smokers; that is, the baroreflex plays a permissive role, allowing sympathoexcitation to occur without restraint in the setting of increased pressor response. This model is also applicable to other nontobacco cigarette emission exposures (e.g., marijuana, waterpipes [hookahs], electronic cigarettes, and even air pollution). Fortunately, emerging data suggest that baroreflex sensitivity and autonomic function may be restored after smoking cessation, providing further evidence in support of the health benefits of smoking cessation. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Middlekauff,H.R., Park,J., Moheimani,R.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Advantages, indications, and the manufacturing of melted PVC waterpipe splints	1994	Theuvenet, W.J., Plastic Reconstructive Hand Surgery, Lukas Hospital, 7300 DS Apeldoorn, Netherlands	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Leprosy review Periodical, Abbrev. Lepr.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 1994/ Volume 65 Issue 4 Start Page 385 Other Pages 395 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0305-7518 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract There are several indications when to use splints in the treatment of leprosy. PVC waterpipe is a cheap and easily available material in developing countries. Its advantages, indications, and the manufacturing of splints are described. Descriptors polyvinylchloride, talc, article, contracture, cost effectiveness analysis, developing country, dynamic splint, heating, immobilization, leprosy, splint, tube, ulcer healing Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Theuvenet,W. J., Ruchal,S. P., Soares,D. J., Roche,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Advantages of integrated and sustainability based assessment for metabolism based strategic planning of urban water systems	2015	Centre for Water Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, North Park Road, Harrison Building, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK. Electronic address: k.behzadian-moghadam@exeter.ac.uk.; Centre for Water Systems, College of	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Science of the total environment Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form 15-Sep Volume 527-528 Issue Start Page 220 Other Pages 231 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 0330500; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/12/11 [received]; 2015/04/25 [revised]; 2015/04/26 [accepted]; 2015/05/14 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-1026; 0048-9697 Accession Number PMID: 25965035 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.097 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25965035 Abstract Despite providing water-related services as the primary purpose of urban water system (UWS), all relevant activities require capital investments and operational expenditures, consume resources (e.g. materials and chemicals), and may increase negative environmental impacts (e.g. contaminant discharge, emissions to water and air). Performance assessment of such a metabolic system may require developing a holistic approach which encompasses various system elements and criteria. This paper analyses the impact of integration of UWS components on the metabolism based performance assessment for future planning using a number of intervention strategies. It also explores the importance of sustainability based criteria in the assessment of long-term planning. Two assessment approaches analysed here are: (1) planning for only water supply system (WSS) as a part of the UWS and (2) planning for an integrated UWS including potable water, stormwater, wastewater and water recycling. WaterMet(2) model is used to simulate metabolic type processes in the UWS and calculate quantitative performance indicators. The analysis is demonstrated on the problem of strategic level planning of a real-world UWS to where optional intervention strategies are applied. The resulting performance is assessed using the multiple criteria of both conventional and sustainability type; and optional intervention strategies are then ranked using the Compromise Programming method. The results obtained show that the high ranked intervention strategies in the integrated UWS are those supporting both water supply and stormwater/wastewater subsystems (e.g. rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling schemes) whilst these strategies are ranked low in the WSS and those targeting improvement of water supply components only (e.g. rehabilitation of clean water pipes and addition of new water resources) are preferred instead. Results also demonstrate that both conventional and sustainability type performance indicators are necessary for strategic planning in the UWS. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Behzadian,K., Kapelan,Z. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150514 PMCID Editors
Adult tobacco survey - 19 States, 2003-2007	2010	Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway, MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. amcclave@cdc.gov	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Morbidity and mortality weekly report.Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C.: 2002) Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Surveill.Summ. Pub Date Free Form 16-Apr Volume 59 Issue 3 Start Page 1 Other Pages 75 Notes LR: 20140730; JID: 101142015; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-8636; 0892-3787 Accession Number PMID: 20395937 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI ss5903a1 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20395937 Abstract PROBLEM/CONDITION: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. REPORTING PERIOD: This report includes data collected during February 2003-November 2007. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM: The Adult Tobacco Survey (ATS) is a state-administered, random-digit--dialed telephone survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. population aged >or=18 years. ATS collects data on tobacco use, smoking cessation, secondhand smoke exposure, risk perception and social influences, health influences, and tobacco-related policy issues in the United States. ATS was developed primarily for evaluation of state tobacco control programs rather than for surveillance and offers states a great deal of flexibility in terms of when and how often the surveys can be conducted. During 2003-2007, a total of 33 state ATSs were conducted by 19 states, with sample sizes ranging from 1,301 to 12,734 completed and partially completed interviews. RESULTS: ATS data indicate that during 2003-2007, 13.3%-25.4% of adults smoked cigarettes (median: 19.2%); fewer adults smoked cigars (median: 6.4%) or used smokeless tobacco (median: 3.5%). The majority of tobacco users used one tobacco product (median: 82.5%). In most states, approximately half of cigarette smokers reported that they would try to quit in the next 6 months (median: 58.4%), and approximately half made an attempt to quit in the preceding year (median: 46.8%). The majority of adults (i.e., smokers and nonsmokers combined) reported that smoking should not be allowed at all in workplaces (median: 77.6%), restaurants (median: 65.5%), public buildings (median: 72.5%), or indoor sporting events/concerts (median: 72.1%). One third of adults reported smoking should not be allowed at all in cocktail lounges or bars (median: 33.1%). The percentage of adults who reported having smoke-free policies at work or home ranged from 51.2% to 75.2% (median: 61.7%). INTERPRETATION: These data indicate that respondents support certain state tobacco control measures; for example, the majority of adults in participating states were supportive of smoke-free policies as well as of an increase in tobacco excise tax. However, one of every five tobacco users in the participating states used multiple tobacco products, a behavior that was more common among young adults. Therefore, these data also underscore a continued need for monitoring and evaluating evidence-based, comprehensive U.S. tobacco control programs and policies. PUBLIC HEALTH ACTIONS: State ATSs can be used by states to monitor and evaluate comprehensive statewide tobacco control programs. Continued surveillance of tobacco use and tobacco control outcome indicators are needed to monitor, evaluate, and improve state programs that address tobacco use, cessation, and secondhand smoke exposure. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Public Policy, Risk, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data, Social Conditions, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Tobacco, Smokeless, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors McClave,A. K., Whitney,N., Thorne,S. L., Mariolis,P., Dube,S. R., Engstrom,M., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Adolescents' beliefs about the risks involved in smoking "light" cigarettes	2004	Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94118, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 114 Issue 4 Start Page e445 Other Pages 51 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0376422; 0 (Tars); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 15466070 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 114/4/e445 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15466070 Abstract BACKGROUND: Light cigarettes have been marketed by the tobacco industry as being a healthier smoking choice, a safe alternative to cessation, and a first step toward quitting smoking altogether. Research, however, has failed to show a reduction in smoking-related health risks, an increase in rates of smoking cessation, a decrease in the amount of carbon monoxide or tar released, or a reduction in the rates of cardiovascular disease or lung cancer associated with light cigarette use, compared with regular cigarette use. Nevertheless, more than one-half of adolescent smokers in the United States smoke light cigarettes. This study is the first to investigate adolescents' perception of the risks associated with smoking light cigarettes, as well as adolescents' attitudes and knowledge about the delivery of tar and nicotine, health risks, social effects, addiction potential, and ease of cessation with light cigarettes, compared with regular cigarettes. DESIGN: Participants were 267 adolescents (mean age: 14.0 years) who completed a self-administered questionnaire during class time. After reading scenarios in which they imagined that they smoked regular or light cigarettes, participants estimated the chances that they would personally experience 7 smoking-related health risks and 3 addiction risks. Participants also responded to 14 items concerning their attitudes and knowledge about light cigarettes versus regular cigarettes. RESULTS: Participants thought that they would be significantly less likely to get lung cancer, have a heart attack, die from a smoking-related disease, get a bad cough, have trouble breathing, and get wrinkles when smoking light cigarettes, compared with regular cigarettes, for the rest of their lives. Furthermore, when participants were asked how long it would take to become addicted to the 2 cigarette types, they thought it would take significantly longer to become addicted to light versus regular cigarettes. Adolescents also thought that their chances of being able to quit smoking were higher with light versus regular cigarettes. Similarly, when participants were asked how easy it would be to quit smoking the 2 cigarette types, they thought it would be significantly easier for them to quit smoking light cigarettes than regular cigarettes. Adolescents agreed or strongly agreed that regular cigarettes deliver more tar than light cigarettes and that light cigarettes deliver less nicotine than regular cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results of this study show that adolescents hold misperceptions in both their personal risk estimates and their general attitudes about the health risks, addictive properties, and ease of cessation associated with light cigarettes. With a variety of light and ultralight cigarettes on the market, adolescents are led to think that there is a progression of safety levels to choose from when deciding which cigarettes to smoke. This illusion of control over health outcomes contributes to an underestimation of risks associated with smoking light cigarettes and supports these misperceptions. These results are of concern, given evidence suggesting that, if adolescents think they are less vulnerable to smoking-related health risks (ie, lung cancer), then they are more likely to initiate smoking. Furthermore, there is evidence that adolescents are not fully aware of the addictive nature of cigarettes and therefore think that they can experiment with smoking during adolescence without becoming addicted or experiencing any health consequences. The data presented here support concerns regarding smoking addiction; adolescents might be even more inclined to smoke light cigarettes to delay addiction. Without correct information about light cigarettes, adolescents are unable to make informed decisions about their smoking behaviors. The findings presented here strongly suggest that health care practitioners need to talk to their adolescent clients not only about the overall risks of smok Descriptors Adolescent, Attitude to Health, Humans, Nicotine, Psychology, Adolescent, Risk, Smoking/adverse effects/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tars Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kropp,R. Y., Halpern-Felsher,B. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Adolescents' response to pictorial warnings on the reverse panel of cigarette packs: a repeat cross-sectional study	2015	Centre for Tobacco Control Research, Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirlingshire, UK.; Centre for Tobacco Control Research, Institute for Social Marketing, University of Stirling, Stirling, Stirlingshire, UK.; Centre fo	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 24 Issue e1 Start Page e93 Other Pages 7 Notes CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: C312/A8721/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; JID: 9209612; OTO Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 24005566 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-050999 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24005566 Abstract BACKGROUND: The UK (UK) became the third country in the European Union to require pictorial warnings on the back of cigarette packs, in October 2008. METHODS: A repeat cross-sectional survey was conducted with 11-16-year-olds in the UK between August and September 2008 (N=1401) and August and September 2011 (N=1373). At both waves the same text warnings appeared on the front and back of packs, with the only difference being the inclusion of images on the back of packs to support the text warnings in 2011. Warning related measures assessed were salience (noticing, looking closely at warnings), depth of processing (thinking about warnings, discussing them with others), comprehension and credibility (warning comprehensibility, believability and truthfulness), unaided recall, persuasiveness (warnings as a deterrent to smoking), avoidance techniques (eg, hiding packs) and a behavioural indicator (forgoing cigarettes due to warnings). RESULTS: For never smokers, warning persuasiveness and thinking about what warnings are telling them when the pack is in sight significantly increased from 2008 to 2011, but warning comprehensibility significantly decreased. For experimental smokers, there was a significant increase from 2008 to 2011 for warning persuasiveness, believing warnings and considering them truthful. For regular smokers, there were no significant changes from 2008 to 2011, except for an increase in hiding packs to avoid warnings and a decrease in warning salience. CONCLUSIONS: Including pictorial images on the back of cigarette packaging improved warning persuasiveness for never and experimental smokers, but had a negligible impact on regular smokers. The findings have implications for warning design. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Moodie,C., Mackintosh,A.M., Hastings,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130904 PMCID Editors
Adolescents' Perceptions of Risks and Benefits of Conventional Cigarettes, E-cigarettes, and Marijuana: A Qualitative Analysis	2015	Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Division of Adolescent Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California. Electronic address: mroditis@stanford.e	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adolesc.Health Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 57 Issue 2 Start Page 179 Other Pages 185 Notes LR: 20160801; CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: CA-113710/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R25 CA113710/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9102136; NIHMS696094; OID: NLM: NIHMS696094; OID: NLM: PMC4515157; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/02/04 [received]; 2015/03/27 [revise Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1879-1972; 1054-139X Accession Number PMID: 26115908 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.04.002 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26115908 Abstract PURPOSE: Although rates of adolescent cigarette use have remained constant or decreased, rates of marijuana and e-cigarette use are rising. Knowledge and perceptions of risks and benefits of tobacco products impact adolescents' decisions to use these products. However, little is known regarding adolescents' knowledge and perceptions of risks of e-cigarettes and marijuana nor how these perceptions are formed. This study uses qualitative techniques to assess and compare adolescents' perceptions of the risks and benefits of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and marijuana. METHODS: Twenty-four adolescents (nine females and 15 males) from Northern California participated in six small-group discussions. Adolescents were asked what good or bad things might happen from using these products. To assess how perceptions and knowledge of risks and benefits were formed, participants were asked where and from whom they had learned about these products. RESULTS: Adolescents described negative consequences of cigarette use but were much less sure regarding risks of marijuana and e-cigarette use. Conversely, they described few benefits of cigarettes but described a number of benefits of e-cigarette and marijuana use. Adolescents described learning about these products from the media, from family and friends, and from the school environment. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents have learned from multiple sources about risks of using cigarettes, but they receive much less and often incorrect information regarding marijuana and e-cigarettes, likely resulting in their positive and often ambivalent perceptions of marijuana and e-cigarettes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Roditis,M.L., Halpern-Felsher,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150623 PMCID PMC4515157 Editors
Adolescents' Perceptions of Health Risks, Social Risks, and Benefits Differ Across Tobacco Products	2016		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Adolesc Health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adolesc.Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 58 Issue 5 Start Page 558 Other Pages 66 Notes ID: 27107909 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: This study assesses perceptions of overall harm, short-term health and social risks, long-term health risks, and benefits associated with various tobacco products including conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, chew, and hookah. This study also assesses whether and how perceptions differ by age, gender, race/ethnicity, and previous experience with tobacco. METHODS: A total of 722 high school students completed an online survey, answering questions about their use and perceptions of a variety of tobacco products. Differences in perceptions across products were assessed using a generalized estimation equation with an exchangeable correlation structure. RESULTS: Adolescents rated the various tobacco products as conferring significantly different levels of risks and benefits. Generally, adolescents rated cigarettes as most risky, followed by cigars and chew, with hookah and e-cigarettes rated as least risky. Adolescents rated hookah followed by cigarettes and e-cigarettes as most likely to make them look cool or fit in and cigars and chew as least likely to confer these benefits. There were interaction effects by age and use, with older adolescents and those with tobacco experience holding lower perceptions of risk. There were no significant interaction effects by race/ethnicity or gender. CONCLUSION: Given the significant differences in adolescents' perceptions of risks and benefits of using different tobacco products and research showing the predictive relationship between perceptions and behavior, there is a need for comprehensive messaging that discusses risks of all tobacco products, particularly hookah and e-cigarettes. There is also a need to address perceived benefits of tobacco products, especially hookah and e-cigarettes. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.01.012 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Roditis,Maria, Delucchi,Kevin, Cash,David, Halpern-Felsher, Bonnie Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Adolescents' health choices related rights, duties and responsibilities: An integrative review	2016	University of Eastern Finland, Finland tanjamoi@student.uef.fi.; University of Eastern Finland, Finland; Kuopio Social and Healthcare Services, Finland.; University of Salford, UK.; University of Eastern Finland, Finland.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nursing ethics Periodical, Abbrev. Nurs.Ethics Pub Date Free Form 11-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160812; CI: (c) The Author(s) 2016; JID: 9433357; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1477-0989; 0969-7330 Accession Number PMID: 27514739 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 0969733016654316 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27514739 Abstract BACKGROUND: Although the link between adolescents' health choices in relation to rights, duties and responsibilities is acknowledged, little is studied in this subject. AIM: To identify, describe and synthesize previous studies on adolescents' health choices in relation to rights, duties and responsibilities. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: Ethical approval is not needed as it is an integrative review of published literature. METHOD: The integrative review was used to review and synthesize current knowledge. Electronic and manual searches from 2009 to March 2014 were used to systematically identify earlier studies. RESULTS: The review identified 13 studies. Adolescents' health choices were linked to unsuccessfully exercised rights, arising from questioned autonomy and freedom, and their duties were hardly mentioned. CONCLUSION: Research into adolescents' health choices in relation to their rights, duties and responsibilities is still methodologically fragmented. In future, more research is needed to support adolescents' health promotion initiatives and increase their involvement opportunities. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Moilanen,T., Pietila,A.M., Coffey,M., Kangasniemi,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160811 PMCID Editors
Adolescents' and Young Adults' Perceptions of Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation: A Focus Group Study	2015	Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT;; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 17 Issue 10 Start Page 1235 Other Pages 1241 Notes LR: 20160205; CI: (c) The Author 2015; GR: 1K12DA033012-01A1/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50DA009241/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32 DA019426/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32DA019426/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 6M3C89Z Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25646346 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntv020 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25646346 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Research has shown that adults perceive that electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are effective for smoking cessation, yet little is known about adolescents and young adults' perceptions of e-cigarettes for quitting cigarette smoking. This study describes middle, high school, and college students' beliefs about, and experiences with, e-cigarettes for cigarette smoking cessation. METHODS: We conducted 18 focus groups (n = 127) with male and female cigarette smokers and nonsmokers in 2 public colleges, 2 high schools, and 1 middle school in Connecticut between November 2012 and April 2013. Participants discussed cigarette smoking cessation in relation to e-cigarettes. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: All participants, regardless of age and smoking status, were aware that e-cigarettes could be used for smoking cessation. College and high school participants described different methods of how e-cigarettes could be used for smoking cessation: (a) nicotine reduction followed by cessation; (b) cigarette reduction/dual use; and (c) long-term exclusive e-cigarette use. However, overall, participants did not perceive that e-cigarette use led to successful quitting experiences. Participants described positive attributes (maintenance of smoking actions, "healthier" alternative to cigarettes, and parental approval) and negative attributes (persistence of craving, maintenance of addiction) of e-cigarettes for cessation. Some college students expressed distrust of marketing of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent and young adult smokers and nonsmokers perceive that there are several methods of using e-cigarettes for quitting and are aware of both positive and negative aspects of the product. Future research is needed to determine the role of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation in this population. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Camenga,D.R., Cavallo,D.A., Kong,G., Morean,M.E., Connell,C.M., Simon,P., Bulmer,S.M., Krishnan-Sarin,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150202 PMCID PMC4607731 Editors

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