WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Study on the status of cigarette smoking in youths from three cities of China	2012	Tobacco Control Office, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. xiaolinst@yhaoo.com.cn	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi Periodical, Abbrev. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 33 Issue 7 Start Page 676 Other Pages 680 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8208604; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 0254-6450; 0254-6450 Accession Number PMID: 22968015 Language chi SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22968015 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To understand the smoking status and related factors in middle school students from Hangzhou, Taiyuan and Guiyang cites. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was adopted with 11 171 students randomly selected through a stratified cluster sampling method. A self-administrated questionnaire survey was employed, which including the information of respondents' background characteristics, cigarette smoking, exposure to tobacco advertisement, recognition on indirect tobacco advertisement, exposure to second-hand smoke, related knowledge, attitude and perceptions towards tobacco use etc. Data was weighted by the amount of male and female students in junior high, senior high and vocational middle schools in the above said three cities and was analyzed by complex sampling analysis methods of SPSS 15.0. Confidence Intervals of each indicator were used to evaluate for difference between groups. Logistic regression was used to explore the potential factors associated with smoking in youths. RESULTS: The overall attempted smoking rate of the three cities was 26.2% (95%CI: 23.6 - 29.1), with male as 39.9% and female 12.5% respectively. The current smoking rate was 12.5% (95%CI: 11.1 - 14.2) with boys as 21.9% and girls as 3.2%. The smoking rate were different among three kinds of schools, with vocational school was the highest (25.8%), followed by senior high (7.9%) and junior high (6.3%). The rate of smoking was different among cities, lower with better economic situation. The average age of debut was 11.9 years old. Nearly half of the students who smoked had no intention to quit. Factors that associated with smoking would include: having or wishing to have tobacco promotion products, having friends or families who smoke, their friends' attitude towards smoking behavior, and misconceptions about smoking such as underestimate the harm of smoking and the difficulty of quitting, realizing that smoking was an important way for social contact, and to be seen as being matured etc. CONCLUSION: Boys are much more likely than girls to smoke cigarette. Smoking prevalence is much higher in low-income cities. Additianally, it should be concerned that girls has higher smoking rate than female adults. It is urgent for tobacco control among adolescents, especially in low-income area in China. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Xiao,L., Jiang,Y., Li,Q., Feng,G.Z., Nan,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Judgments, awareness, and the use of snus among adults in the United States	2014	Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD; kaufmana@mail.nih.gov.; U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Tobacco R	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 16 Issue 10 Start Page 1404 Other Pages 1408 Notes LR: 20151001; CI: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 2014; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC4168296; 2014/08/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25098672 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu116 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25098672 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Alternative tobacco products, such as snus, are emerging in the U.S. market. Understanding correlates of awareness and use, particularly judgments about harm and addictiveness, can inform public health communications about these products. METHODS: Data were collected from a web panel representative of the U.S. population in March 2013 (N = 2,067). The survey assessed awareness and use of snus among adults. Absolute and comparative snus judgments, intentions, smoking status, and sociodemographic variables were measured. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between these variables and snus awareness and use. RESULTS: Nearly 36% of the population was aware of snus, and 5.2% reported ever using snus. Current cigarette smokers were about 4 times more likely as nonsmokers to report snus awareness and use. Sociodemographic correlates of snus awareness and use included being male, employed full time, and younger. Compared with respondents who perceived snus to be as harmful and as addictive as cigarettes, those who perceived snus to be less harmful and less addictive than cigarettes were more likely to have used snus. CONCLUSIONS: Current smokers are more likely to be aware of and have used snus. Multiple tobacco product use poses a significant challenge for public health efforts to reduce tobacco-associated morbidity and mortality. Perceptions that snus is less harmful and less addictive compared with cigarettes are associated with snus use. These judgments can inform public health communications about emerging tobacco products and multiple product use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US Data Source Authors Kaufman,A.R., Mays,D., Koblitz,A.R., Portnoy,D.B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140806 PMCID PMC4168296 Editors
Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure in open and semi-open settings: a systematic review	2013	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Programme, Institut Catala d'Oncologia-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental health perspectives Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Health Perspect. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 121 Issue 7 Start Page 766 Other Pages 773 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0330411; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); CIN: Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Jul;121(7):A229. PMID: 23816971; OID: NLM: PMC3701994; 2012/07/23 [received]; 2013/05/01 [accepted]; 20 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1552-9924; 0091-6765 Accession Number PMID: 23651671 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1289/ehp.1205806 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23651671 Abstract BACKGROUND: Some countries have recently extended smoke-free policies to particular outdoor settings; however, there is controversy regarding whether this is scientifically and ethically justifiable. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to review research on secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in outdoor settings. DATA SOURCES: We conducted different searches in PubMed for the period prior to September 2012. We checked the references of the identified papers, and conducted a similar search in Google Scholar. STUDY SELECTION: Our search terms included combinations of "secondhand smoke," "environmental tobacco smoke," "passive smoking" OR "tobacco smoke pollution" AND "outdoors" AND "PM" (particulate matter), "PM(2.5)" (PM with diameter = 2.5 microm), "respirable suspended particles," "particulate matter," "nicotine," "CO" (carbon monoxide), "cotinine," "marker," "biomarker" OR "airborne marker." In total, 18 articles and reports met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Almost all studies used PM(2.5) concentration as an SHS marker. Mean PM(2.5) concentrations reported for outdoor smoking areas when smokers were present ranged from 8.32 to 124 microg/m(3) at hospitality venues, and 4.60 to 17.80 microg/m(3) at other locations. Mean PM(2.5) concentrations in smoke-free indoor settings near outdoor smoking areas ranged from 4 to 120.51 microg/m(3). SHS levels increased when smokers were present, and outdoor and indoor SHS levels were related. Most studies reported a positive association between SHS measures and smoker density, enclosure of outdoor locations, wind conditions, and proximity to smokers. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence indicates high SHS levels at some outdoor smoking areas and at adjacent smoke-free indoor areas. Further research and standardization of methodology is needed to determine whether smoke-free legislation should be extended to outdoor settings. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sureda,X., Fernandez,E., Lopez,M.J., Nebot,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130507 PMCID PMC3701994 Editors
Secondhand smoke exposure at home: assessment by biomarkers and airborne markers	2014	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, Av. Granvia de l'Hospitalet, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 199-203 Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bel	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental research Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Res. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 133 Issue Start Page 111 Other Pages 116 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 0147621; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); J64922108F (Benzene); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/03/22 [received]; 2014/05/05 [revised]; 2014/05/07 [accepted]; 2014/06/0 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0953; 0013-9351 Accession Number PMID: 24912142 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Observational Study; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.013 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24912142 Abstract OBJECTIVE: We assessed and characterized the relationship among biomarkers of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in non-smokers according to their exposure at home as measured by airborne markers. METHODS: We conducted an observational study on exposure to SHS at home using airborne markers (nicotine and benzene) and biomarkers from the non-smokers living in these homes. We selected 49 non-smoking volunteers from different homes: 25 non-smokers living with at least one smoker and 24 non-smokers living in smoke-free homes. We installed two passive devices to measure nicotine and benzene concentrations in the main room of the house (i.e., the living room). One week later, the researcher returned to the volunteer's home to collect the two devices, obtain saliva and urine samples, and administer a SHS questionnaire. RESULTS: Salivary and urinary cotinine concentrations highly correlated with air nicotine concentrations measured at the volunteers'homes (rsp=0.738 and rsp=0.679, respectively). The concentrations of airborne markers of SHS and biomarkers in non-smokers increased with increasing self-reported intensity and duration of SHS exposure at home during the previous week (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Martinez-Sanchez,J.M., Sureda,X., Fu,M., Perez-Ortuno,R., Ballbe,M., Lopez,M.J., Salto,E., Pascual,J.A., Fernandez,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140607 PMCID Editors
Electronic cigarette use among adult population: a cross-sectional study in Barcelona, Spain (2013-2014)	2014	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, B	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ open Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Open Pub Date Free Form 25-Aug Volume 4 Issue 8 Start Page e005894 Other Pages 2014-005894 Notes LR: 20160603; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 101552874; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC4 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2044-6055; 2044-6055 Accession Number PMID: 25157186 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005894 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25157186 Abstract OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to analyse the prevalence and correlates of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, purchase location and satisfaction with its use in a sample of the general population of the city of Barcelona, Spain. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We used participants from a longitudinal study of a representative sample of the adult (>/=16 years old) population of Barcelona (336 men and 400 women). The field work was conducted between May 2013 and February 2014. We computed the prevalence, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: The prevalence of ever e-cigarette use was 6.5% (95% CI 4.7% to 8.3%): 1.6% current use, 2.2% past use and 2.7% only e-cigarette experimentation. 75% (95% CI 62.8% to 87.3%) of ever e-cigarette users were current cigarette smokers at the moment of the interview. E-cigarette use was more likely among current smokers (OR=54.57; 95% CI 7.33 to 406.38) and highly dependent cigarette smokers (OR=3.96; 95% CI 1.60 to 9.82). 62.5% of the ever users charged their e-cigarettes with nicotine with 70% of them obtaining the liquids with nicotine in a specialised shop. 39.6% of ever e-cigarette users were not satisfied with their use, a similar percentage of not satisfied expressing the smokers (38.9%) and there were no statistically significant differences in the satisfaction between the users of e-cigarettes with and without nicotine. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette use is strongly associated with current smoking (dual use) and most users continue to be addicted to nicotine. Six out of 10 e-cigarette users preferred devices that deliver nicotine. The satisfaction with e-cigarette use is very low. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Martinez-Sanchez,J.M., Ballbe,M., Fu,M., Martin-Sanchez,J.C., Salto,E., Gottlieb,M., Daynard,R., Connolly,G.N., Fernandez,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140825 PMCID PMC4156815 Editors
Second-hand smoke in mental healthcare settings: time to implement total smoke-free bans?	2013	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Catala d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 42 Issue 3 Start Page 886 Other Pages 893 Notes JID: 7802871; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); CIN: Int J Epidemiol. 2013 Jun;42(3):894-5. PMID: 23918856; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/03/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1464-3685; 0300-5771 Accession Number PMID: 23543600 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ije/dyt014 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23543600 Abstract BACKGROUND: Second-hand smoke is associated with adverse health effects. Many countries have extended smoke-free policies to public buildings and workplaces such as hospitals, but mental health units have usually been exempted from complete smoke-free bans. The objective of this study was to evaluate second-hand smoke levels in mental health units with different types of smoking bans. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate second-hand smoke in 64 mental health inpatient units (95.5% of the all such units) in Catalonia, Spain. We measured air concentrations of particulate matter Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ballbe,M., Sureda,X., Martinez-Sanchez,J.M., Salto,E., Gual,A., Fernandez,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130329 PMCID Editors
Secondhand smoke levels in public building main entrances: outdoor and indoor PM2.5 assessment	2012	Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Programme, Institut Catala d'Oncologia-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 21 Issue 6 Start Page 543 Other Pages 548 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9209612; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2011/09/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 21964181 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050040 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21964181 Abstract BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To describe secondhand smoke (SHS) levels in halls and main entrances (outdoors) in different buildings by measurement of PM(2.5) and airborne nicotine. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a sample of 47 public buildings. The authors studied SHS levels derived from PM(2.5) (micrograms per cubic metre) using TSI SidePak Personal Aerosol Monitors. The authors tested four locations within buildings: hall, main entrance (outdoor), control (indoor) and control (outdoor). The authors also measured airborne nicotine concentration (micrograms per cubic metre) in main entrances (outdoor). The authors computed medians and IQRs to describe the data. Spearman correlation coefficient (rsp) was used to explore the association between PM(2.5) concentrations simultaneously measured in halls and main entrances as well as between PM(2.5) and nicotine concentrations. RESULTS: The authors obtained an overall median PM(2.5) concentration of hall 18.20 mug/m(3) (IQR: 10.92-23.92 mug/m(3)), main entrance (outdoor) 17.16 mug/m(3) (IQR: 10.92-24.96 mug/m(3)), control (indoor) 10.40 mug/m(3) (IQR: 6.76-15.60 mug/m(3)) and control (outdoor) 13.00 mug/m(3) (IQR: 8.32-18.72 mug/m(3)). The PM(2.5) concentration in halls was more correlated with concentration in the main entrances (outdoors) (rsp=0.518, 95% CI 0.271 to 0.701) than with the control indoor (rsp=0.316, 95% CI 0.032 to 0.553). The Spearman correlation coefficient between nicotine and PM(2.5) concentration was 0.365 (95% CI -0.009 to 0.650). CONCLUSIONS: Indoor locations where smoking is banned are not completely free from SHS with levels similar to those obtained in the immediate entrances (outdoors) where smoking is allowed, indicating that SHS from outdoors settings drifts to adjacent indoors. These results warrant a revision of current smoke-free policies in particular outdoor settings. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sureda,X., Martinez-Sanchez,J.M., Lopez,M.J., Fu,M., Aguero,F., Salto,E., Nebot,M., Fernandez,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110928 PMCID Editors
Smoking motivators are different among cigarette and waterpipe smokers: The results of ITUPP	2015	Tobacco Control Unit, Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: roohafza@crc.mui.ac.ir.; Isfahan Province Health Center, Isfahan University of Medi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of epidemiology and global health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Epidemiol.Glob.Health. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 5 Issue 3 Start Page 249 Other Pages 258 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 101592084; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/05/12 [received]; 2014/12/04 [revised]; 2014/12/16 [accepted]; 2015/01/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 2210-6014; 2210-6006 Accession Number PMID: 26231400 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jegh.2014.12.003 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26231400 Abstract The present study explores different drivers of cigarette and water pipe smoking among middle and high school students in Isfahan province. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Trained staff collected questionnaires and saliva samples for response accuracy evaluation. Prevalence by demographic, parental and educational factors was calculated. Logistic regression was applied to compare behavior drivers of those who purely smoked cigarettes or a waterpipe. Waterpipe smokers were considered as the reference category. This study reported ORs along 95% confidence intervals; 5408 questionnaires were returned. The sample age was 15.37+/-01.70 on average. The self-reported prevalence of cigarette and waterpipe experimentation was 11.60% (n=624) and 20.70% (n=1,109), respectively; and 5.08% (n=311), 11.06% (n=619) for smokers, and 13.30% (n=711) for the whole sample. Psychological factors were the most important driver for cigarette smoking; bad event happening with odds of 2.38 (95% CI: 1.29-4.39); angriness 2.58 times (95% CI: 1.51-4.43); and distress by 2.49 times (95% CI: 1.42-4.40). Habitual situations were strong predictors of cigarette smoking, but not a predictor of waterpipe smoking, such as smoking after a meal (OR=3.11, 95% CI: 1.67-5.77); and smoking after waking up (OR=2.56, 95% CI: 1.42-4.40). Comprehensive and multifaceted preventive programs must tailor identified factors and increase family's awareness. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia. Published by Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Roohafza,H., Heidari,K., Alinia,T., Omidi,R., Sadeghi,M., Andalib,E., Ajami,A., Sarrafzadegan,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150130 PMCID Editors
Better view on attitudes and perceived parental reactions behind waterpipe smoking among Iranian students	2015	Tobacco Control Unit, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; Isfaha	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Periodical, Abbrev. J.Res.Med.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 20 Issue 11 Start Page 1032 Other Pages 1038 Notes LR: 20160307; JID: 101235599; OID: NLM: PMC4755088; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication India ISSN/ISBN 1735-1995; 1735-1995 Accession Number PMID: 26941805 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.4103/1735-1995.172812 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26941805 Abstract BACKGROUND: Because of the increasing usage of waterpipe globally, we need to know more about the different factors related to waterpipe and cigarette smoking. Therefore, the present study aims at gaining more insight on waterpipe and cigarette smoking based on perceived parental reaction and appeal and repellent of smoking among adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey entitled "Isfahan Tobacco Use Prevention Program" (ITUPP) was conducted among 5,500 adolescents in Isfahan Province, Iran in 2010 using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Demographic factors, cigarette and waterpipe smoking status, appeal and repellent of smoking, perceived parental reactions, and the main reasons behind the increase in waterpipe smoking were measured. Chi-square, univariate logistic regression, and multiple logistic regression were used. For all analyses, we defined statistical significance a priori with a two-tailed alpha of 0.05. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 15. RESULTS: 50% of the sample was female and 89% lived in urban areas. The average age of the respondents was 14.37 +/- 1. 70 years. While a majority of cigarette smokers (70.9%) were waterpipe smokers, only 35.7% of waterpipe smokers smoked cigarettes. The incidence of smoking was high in those who expected less extensive parental reaction with odds ratio (OR) = 1.89 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35-2.63] (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Roohafza,H., Kasaei,Z., Heidari,K., Omidi,R., Alinia,T., Naji,M., Jaberifar,M., Sadeghi,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4755088 Editors
Secondhand smoke emission levels in waterpipe cafes in Doha, Qatar	2015	Tobacco Control Unit, Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Tobacco Control Unit, Medicine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 24 Issue e3 Start Page e227 Other Pages 31 Notes CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 9209612; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacc Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 25352562 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051717 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25352562 Abstract BACKGROUND: Exposure to the emissions of a tobacco waterpipe is associated with increased health risks among its users as well as those exposed to its secondhand smoke. Waterpipe use is an emerging concern to the tobacco control community, particularly among countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. In 2002, Qatar adopted legislation that prohibited cigarette smoking inside public venues, but exempted tobacco waterpipe smoking. To inform the development and enforcement of effective policy, the impact of cigarette and waterpipe use on indoor air quality was monitored in waterpipe cafes in Doha, Qatar. METHODS: Particulate matter (PM2.5) levels were measured inside and outside of a sample of 40 waterpipe cafes and 16 smoke-free venues in Doha, Qatar between July and October 2012. In addition, the number of waterpipes being smoked and the number of cigarette smokers were counted within each venue. Non-paired and paired sample t tests were used to assess differences in mean PM2.5 measurements between venue type (waterpipe vs smoke-free) and environment (indoor vs outdoor). RESULTS: The mean PM2.5 level inside waterpipe venues (476 mug/m(3)) was significantly higher than the mean PM2.5 level inside smoke-free venues (17 mug/m(3); p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al Mulla,A., Fanous,N., Seidenberg,A.B., Rees,V.W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141028 PMCID Editors

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