WTS database | WHO FCTC

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Validation of the Waterpipe Tolerance Questionnaire Among Jordanian School-Going Adolescent Waterpipe Users	2015	The Hashemite University. sukaina-alzyoud@hu.edu.jo.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Global journal of health science Periodical, Abbrev. Glob.J.Health.Sci. Pub Date Free Form 25-Jun Volume 8 Issue 2 Start Page 198 Other Pages 208 Notes LR: 20160819; JID: 101519495; OID: NLM: PMC4804001; 2015/02/26 [received]; 2015/03/17 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1916-9736; 1916-9736 Accession Number PMID: 26383198 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Validation Studies; IM DOI 10.5539/gjhs.v8n2p198 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26383198 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe use among adolescents has been increasing progressively. Yet no studies were reported to assess the validity and reliability of nicotine dependence scale. The current study aims to assess the validity and reliability of an Arabic version of the modified Waterpipe Tolerance Questionnaire WTQ among school-going adolescent waterpipe users. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study conducted in Jordan, information on waterpipe use among 333 school-going adolescents aged 11-18 years was obtained using the Arabic version of the WTQ. An exploratory factor analysis and correlation matrices were conducted to assess validity and reliability of the WTQ. RESULTS: The WTQ had a 0.73 alpha of internal consistency indicating moderate level of reliability. The scale showed multidimensionality with items loading on two factors, namely waterpipe consumption and morning smoking. CONCLUSION: This study report nicotine dependence level among school-going adolescents who identify themselves as waterpipe users using the WTQ. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Alzyoud,S., Veeranki,S.P., Kheirallah,K.A., Shotar,A.M., Pbert,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150625 PMCID PMC4804001 Editors
Shisha: is this addressed within smoking cessation in general practice?	2014	The Hawthorns Surgery, 331 Birmingham Road, Sutton Coldfield. E-mail: farazm@doctors.org.uk.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners Periodical, Abbrev. Br.J.Gen.Pract. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 64 Issue 621 Start Page 173 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150401; JID: 9005323; OID: NLM: PMC3964465; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1478-5242; 0960-1643 Accession Number PMID: 24686869 Language eng SubFile Letter; IM DOI 10.3399/bjgp14X677789 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24686869 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mughal,F., Meki,A., Kassamali,R.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3964465 Editors
The effect of alcalization on the occurrence of metals in tap water	1989	The National Board of Health, Helsinki	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 1989/ Volume 7 Issue 1 Start Page 179 Other Pages 183 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0735-1917 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A survey on the occurrence of copper, zinc, lead, cadmium and chromium in water distributed by 55 Finnish waterworks indicated that most of the elevated metal concentrations in tap water originated from the materials used for water pipes and armatures. Metal concentrations in raw water were usually very low, in most cases below the detection limit. Studying the possible connection between the occurrence of metals and the type of waterworks (surface/ground water; water treatment process) indicated that alcalization procedure applied for corrosion prevention had a marked effect on the metal concentrations found in tap water. Copper and zinc were found in greater quantities in water from ground water supplies with soda or caustic soda for alcalization treatment than in water from surface water supplies with lime alcalization, the differences being statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences between the metal concentrations in ground waters alcalized with soda or caustic soda and untreated ones. No statistically significant differences were found between the different types of waterworks as to the occurrence of lead, cadmium and chromium. Descriptors drinking water, heavy metal, alkalinization Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Hiisvirta,L., Lehto,J., Kumpulainen,J., Koivistoinen,P., Pitkanen,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of upper gastrointestinal tract findings in patients with noncardiac chest pain versus those with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)-related symptoms: results from a national endoscopic database	2007	The Neuro-Enteric Clinical Research Group, Section of Gastroenterology, Southern Arizona VA Health Care System and University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona 85723-0001, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The American Journal of Gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 102 Issue 6 Start Page 1173 Other Pages 1179 Notes JID: 0421030; 2007/03/22 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0002-9270; 0002-9270 Accession Number PMID: 17378910 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI AJG1117 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17378910 Abstract BACKGROUND: Available data on the prevalence of esophageal and upper gut findings in patients with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) are scarce and limited to one center's experience. AIM: To determine the prevalence of esophageal and upper gut mucosal findings in patients undergoing upper endoscopy for NCCP only versus those with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms only, using the national Clinical Outcomes Research Initiative (CORI) database. METHODS: During the study period, the CORI database received endoscopic reports from a network of 76 community, university, and Veteran Administration Health Care System (VAHCS)/military practice sites. All adult patients who underwent an upper endoscopy for NCCP only or GERD-related symptoms only were identified. Demographic characteristics and prevalence of endoscopic findings were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 3,688 consecutive patients undergoing an upper endoscopy for NCCP and 32,981 for GERD were identified. Normal upper endoscopy was noted in 44.1% of NCCP patients versus 38.8% of those with GERD (Por=65 yr was protective (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.6-0.89, P=0.002). The NCCP group had a significantly higher prevalence of peptic ulcer in the upper gastrointestinal tract as compared with the GERD group (2.0% vs 1.5%, P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this endoscopic prevalence study, most of the endoscopic findings in NCCP were GERD related, but less common as compared with GERD patients. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barrett Esophagus/pathology, Chest Pain/pathology, Databases, Factual, Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal, Esophageal Stenosis/pathology, Esophagitis/pathology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/pathology, Hernia, Hiatal/pathology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sex Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dickman,R., Mattek,N., Holub,J., Peters,D., Fass,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20070322 PMCID Editors
How has the availability of snus influenced cigarette smoking in Norway?	2014	The Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research (SIRUS), P.O. Box 565, Sentrum, 0105 Oslo, Norway. il@sirus.no.; The Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research (SIRUS), P.O. Box 565, Sentrum, 0105 Oslo, Norway. kel@sirus.no.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental research and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form 13-Nov Volume 11 Issue 11 Start Page 11705 Other Pages 11717 Notes LR: 20151028; JID: 101238455; OID: NLM: PMC4245639; 2014/09/03 [received]; 2014/10/24 [revised]; 2014/11/04 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1660-4601; 1660-4601 Accession Number PMID: 25402565 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3390/ijerph111111705 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25402565 Abstract BACKGROUND: In Norway, low-nitrosamine smokeless tobacco (snus) is allowed to compete with cigarettes for market share. We aimed to study how the availability of snus influenced overall tobacco consumption, smoking initiation and smoking cessation. We discuss whether the Norwegian experience with snus can have any transfer value for e-cigarettes. METHODS: We analysed consumption data from registered and unregistered supply sources of tobacco. We calculated quit-smoking ratios across snus use status in nine datasets comprising a total of 19,269 ever-smokers. Trends in snus use and smoking were derived from time-series of annual; cross-sectional; nationally representative surveys for the period 1985-2013. RESULTS: The market share for snus increased from 4% in 1985 to 28% in 2012, but overall tobacco consumption decreased by 20.3% over this same period. Snus was the most common method for smoking cessation. Compared with smokers with no experience of using snus, the quit ratio for smoking was significantly higher for daily snus users in seven of the nine datasets analysed. Among young male adults, the prevalence of smoking (daily + occasional) was reduced from 50% in 1985 to 21% in 2013. Over the same period, use of snus increased from 9% to 33%. This negative correlation (r = -0.900, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lund,I., Lund,K.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141113 PMCID PMC4245639 Editors
Both environmental tobacco smoke and personal smoking is related to asthma and wheeze in teenagers	2011	The OLIN Study Group, Sunderby Central Hospital of Norrbotten, Lulea, Sweden. linnea.hedman@nll.se	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Thorax Periodical, Abbrev. Thorax Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 66 Issue 1 Start Page 20 Other Pages 25 Notes JID: 0417353; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2010/11/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3296; 0040-6376 Accession Number PMID: 21047869 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/thx.2010.143800 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21047869 Abstract BACKGROUND: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been reported as a significant risk factor for childhood asthma. Among adults, personal smoking is a major cause of respiratory symptoms and diseases. The effects of these exposures on the prevalence of asthma and wheeze among teenagers are less well known. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to study the independent and combined effects of ETS and personal smoking on the prevalence of asthma and wheeze in teenagers. METHODS: A longitudinal study of asthma and allergic diseases in schoolchildren has been in progress in Northern Sweden since 1996. All children aged 7-8 years in three municipalities were invited and 3430 (97%) participants have been followed by annual questionnaires. At the age 16-17 years, 82% of the initial participants took part in the 2005 survey. RESULTS: Prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma, ever wheeze and current wheeze was significantly higher among those exposed to maternal ETS and among daily smokers. In multivariate analyses, maternal ETS was a significant risk factor for physician-diagnosed asthma and ever wheeze (OR 1.3-1.5) and personal daily smoking for current wheeze (OR 2.0). ORs for asthma and ever wheeze were highest among daily smokers who were also exposed to maternal ETS with ORs of 1.7 and 2.5, respectively. A significant dose-response association between number of cigarettes/day and the prevalence of wheeze was also found. CONCLUSIONS: Both ETS and personal smoking were significantly related to asthma and wheeze in teenagers. Maternal ETS exposure was associated with lifetime symptoms, but daily smoking among the teenagers was more strongly related to current symptoms. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hedman,L., Bjerg,A., Sundberg,S., Forsberg,B., Ronmark,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20101103 PMCID Editors
Modelling the Structure and Dynamics of Biological Pathways	2016	The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, United Kingdom.; MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PLoS biology Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS Biol. Pub Date Free Form 10-Aug Volume 14 Issue 8 Start Page e1002530 Other Pages Notes JID: 101183755; 2016/08 [ecollection]; 2016/08/10 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-7885; 1544-9173 Accession Number PMID: 27509052 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002530 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27509052 Abstract There is a need for formalised diagrams that both summarise current biological pathway knowledge and support modelling approaches that explain and predict their behaviour. Here, we present a new, freely available modelling framework that includes a biologist-friendly pathway modelling language (mEPN), a simple but sophisticated method to support model parameterisation using available biological information; a stochastic flow algorithm that simulates the dynamics of pathway activity; and a 3-D visualisation engine that aids understanding of the complexities of a system's dynamics. We present example pathway models that illustrate of the power of approach to depict a diverse range of systems. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors O'Hara,L., Livigni,A., Theo,T., Boyer,B., Angus,T., Wright,D., Chen,S.H., Raza,S., Barnett,M.W., Digard,P., Smith,L.B., Freeman,T.C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160810 PMCID Editors
Relationship between right-to-left shunts and cutaneous decompression illness	2001	The Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury SY3 8XQ, UK.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical science (London, England : 1979) Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Sci.(Lond) Pub Date Free Form May Volume 100 Issue 5 Start Page 539 Other Pages 542 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 7905731; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0143-5221; 0143-5221 Accession Number PMID: 11294694 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11294694 Abstract The presence of a large right-to-left shunt is associated with neurological decompression illness after non-provocative dives, as a result of paradoxical gas embolism. A small number of observations suggest that cutaneous decompression illness is also associated with a right-to-left shunt, although an embolic aetiology of a diffuse rash is more difficult to explain. We performed a retrospective case--control comparison of the prevalence and sizes of right-to-left shunts determined by contrast echocardiography performed blind to history in 60 divers and one caisson worker with a history of cutaneous decompression illness, and 123 historical control divers. We found that 47 (77.0%) of the 61 cases with cutaneous decompression illness had a shunt, compared with 34 (27.6%) of 123 control divers (P<0.001). The size of the shunts in the divers with cutaneous decompression illness was significantly greater than in the controls. Thus 30 (49.2%) of the 61 cases with cutaneous decompression illness had a large shunt at rest, compared with six (4.9%) of the 123 controls (P<0.001). During closure procedures in 17 divers who had cutaneous decompression illness, the mean diameter of the foramen ovale was 10.9 mm. Cutaneous decompression illness occurred after dives that were provocative or deep in subjects without shunts, but after shallower and non-provocative dives in those with shunts. The latter individuals are at increased risk of neurological decompression illness. We conclude that cutaneous decompression illness has two pathophysiological mechanisms. It is usually associated with a large right-to-left shunt, when the mechanism is likely to be paradoxical gas embolism with peripheral amplification when bubble emboli invade tissues supersaturated with nitrogen. Cutaneous decompression illness can also occur in individuals without a shunt. In these subjects, the mechanism might be bubble emboli passing through an 'overloaded' lung filter or autochthonous bubble formation. Descriptors Case-Control Studies, Decompression Sickness/etiology, Female, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications/surgery/ultrasonography, Humans, Male, Retrospective Studies, Skin Diseases/etiology, Valsalva Maneuver/physiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wilmshurst,P. T., Pearson,M. J., Walsh,K. P., Morrison,W. L., Bryson,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Perceived discrimination and health-related quality of life among Arabs and Jews in Israel: a population-based survey	2010	The School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Studies, University of Haifa, Israel. ornaepel@research.haifa.ac.il	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 27-May Volume 10 Issue Start Page 282 Other Pages 2458-10-282 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC2891650; 2009/03/15 [received]; 2010/05/27 [accepted]; 2010/05/27 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 20507564 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-282 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20507564 Abstract BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that perceived discrimination may be associated with impaired health. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of perceived discrimination on the basis of origin and ethnicity and measure the association with health in three population groups in Israel: non-immigrant Jews, immigrants from the former Soviet Union, and Arabs. METHODS: A cross sectional random telephone survey was performed in 2006 covering 1,004 Israelis aged 35-65; of these, 404 were non-immigrant Jews, 200 were immigrants from the former Soviet Union and 400 were Arabs, the final number for regression analysis was 952. Respondents were asked about their perceived experiences with discrimination in seven different areas. Quality of life, both physical and mental were measured by the Short Form 12. RESULTS: Perceived discrimination on the basis of origin was highest among immigrants. About 30% of immigrants and 20% of Arabs reported feeling discriminated against in areas such as education and employment. After adjusting for socioeconomic variables, discrimination was associated with poor physical health among non-immigrant Jews (OR = 0.42, CI = 0.19, 0.91) and immigrants (OR = 0.51, CI = 0.27, 0.94), but not among Arabs. Poor mental health was significantly associated with discrimination only among non-immigrant Jews (OR = 0.42, CI = 0.18, 0.96). CONCLUSIONS: Perceived discrimination seemed high in both minority populations in Israel (Arabs and immigrants) and needs to be addressed as such. However, discrimination was associated with physical health only among Jews (non-immigrants and immigrants), and not among Arabs. These results may be due to measurement artifacts or may be a true phenomenon, further research is needed to ascertain the results. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Arabs/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emigrants and Immigrants/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Female, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Israel, Jews/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prejudice, Quality of Life/psychology, Regression Analysis, Surveys and Questionnaires, USSR/ethnology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Epel,O. B., Kaplan,G., Moran,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100527 PMCID PMC2891650 Editors
e-Cigarette awareness, use, and harm perceptions in US adults	2012	The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Legacy, Washington, DC 20036, USA. jpearson@legacyforhealth.org	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 102 Issue 9 Start Page 1758 Other Pages 1766 Notes LR: 20160708; GR: F31 DA030016/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: F31 DA030016-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 1254074; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); NIHMS410314; OID: NLM: NIHMS410314; OID: NLM: PMC3474361; 2012/07/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1541-0048; 0090-0036 Accession Number PMID: 22813087 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; AIM; IM DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300526 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22813087 Abstract OBJECTIVES: We estimated e-cigarette (electronic nicotine delivery system) awareness, use, and harm perceptions among US adults. METHODS: We drew data from 2 surveys conducted in 2010: a national online study (n = 2649) and the Legacy Longitudinal Smoker Cohort (n = 3658). We used multivariable models to examine e-cigarette awareness, use, and harm perceptions. RESULTS: In the online survey, 40.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 37.3, 43.1) had heard of e-cigarettes, with awareness highest among current smokers. Utilization was higher among current smokers (11.4%; 95% CI = 9.3, 14.0) than in the total population (3.4%; 95% CI = 2.6, 4.2), with 2.0% (95% CI = 1.0, 3.8) of former smokers and 0.8% (95% CI = 0.35, 1.7) of never-smokers ever using e-cigarettes. In both surveys, non-Hispanic Whites, current smokers, young adults, and those with at least a high-school diploma were most likely to perceive e-cigarettes as less harmful than regular cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Awareness of e-cigarettes is high, and use among current and former smokers is evident. We recommend product regulation and careful surveillance to monitor public health impact and emerging utilization patterns, and to ascertain why, how, and under what conditions e-cigarettes are being used. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Pearson,J.L., Richardson,A., Niaura,R.S., Vallone,D.M., Abrams,D.B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120719 PMCID PMC3474361 Editors

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