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Polytobacco, marijuana, and alcohol use patterns in college students: A latent class analysis 2016 Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.; Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emor
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addictive Behaviors
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Behav.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
59
Issue
Start Page
58
Other Pages
64
Notes
LR: 20160527; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; GR: K05 AA021143/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA179422/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7603486; NIHMS777025; OID: NLM: NIHMS777025 [Available on 08/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4846569 [Available on 08/01/17]; O
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1873-6327; 0306-4603
Accession Number
PMID: 27074202
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.034 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27074202
Abstract
Limited research has examined polysubstance use profiles among young adults focusing on the various tobacco products currently available. We examined use patterns of various tobacco products, marijuana, and alcohol using data from the baseline survey of a multiwave longitudinal study of 3418 students aged 18-25 recruited from seven U.S. college campuses. We assessed sociodemographics, individual-level factors (depression; perceptions of harm and addictiveness,), and sociocontextual factors (parental/friend use). We conducted a latent class analysis and multivariable logistic regression to examine correlates of class membership (Abstainers were referent group). Results indicated five classes: Abstainers (26.1% per past 4-month use), Alcohol only users (38.9%), Heavy polytobacco users (7.3%), Light polytobacco users (17.3%), and little cigar and cigarillo (LCC)/hookah/marijuana co-users (10.4%). The most stable was LCC/hookah/marijuana co-users (77.3% classified as such in past 30-day and 4-month timeframes), followed by Heavy polytobacco users (53.2% classified consistently). Relative to Abstainers, Heavy polytobacco users were less likely to be Black and have no friends using alcohol and perceived harm of tobacco and marijuana use lower. Light polytobacco users were older, more likely to have parents using tobacco, and less likely to have friends using tobacco. LCC/hookah/marijuana co-users were older and more likely to have parents using tobacco. Alcohol only users perceived tobacco and marijuana use to be less socially acceptable, were more likely to have parents using alcohol and friends using marijuana, but less likely to have friends using tobacco. These findings may inform substance use prevention and recovery programs by better characterizing polysubstance use patterns.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Haardorfer,R., Berg,C.J., Lewis,M., Payne,J., Pillai,D., McDonald,B., Windle,M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160402
PMCID
PMC4846569
Editors
The effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking on health outcomes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis 2016 Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK, Academic Department of
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of epidemiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Epidemiol.
Pub Date Free Form
13-Apr
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160415; CI: (c) The Author 2016; JID: 7802871; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/01/20 [accepted]; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1464-3685; 0300-5771
Accession Number
PMID: 27075769
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
dyw021 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27075769
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A systematic review conducted in 2008 found significant associations between waterpipe tobacco smoking and lung cancer, respiratory disease, periodontal disease and low birthweight. Since then, a number of relevant studies have been published. The objective of this study was to update the systematic review on the effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking on health outcomes. METHODS: In May 2015 we electronically searched the following databases with no date restrictions: MEDLINE, EMBASE and the ISI Web of Science using a detailed search strategy with no language restrictions. We also screened the references' lists of the included studies. We included cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies, and excluded case reports, conference abstracts, editorials and reviews. We excluded studies not conducted in humans, assessing physiological outcomes, not distinguishing waterpipe tobacco smoking from other forms of smoking or not reporting association measures. We assessed risk of bias for each included study and conducted meta-analyses for each of the outcomes of interest. RESULTS: We identified 50 eligible studies. We found that waterpipe tobacco smoking was significantly associated with: respiratory diseases [COPD; odds ratio (OR) = 3.18, 95% confidence interval CI = 1.25, 8.08; bronchitis OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.49, 3.77; passive waterpipe smoking and wheeze OR) = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.28, 3.04]; oral cancer OR = 4.17, 95% CI = 2.53, 6.89; lung cancer OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.32, 3.42; low birthweight (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.32, 4.32); metabolic syndrome (OR 1.63-1.95, 95% CI = 1.25, 2.45); cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.25, 2.24); and mental health (OR 1.30-2.4, 95% CI = 1.20, 2.80). Waterpipe tobacco smoking was not significantly associated with: oesophageal cancer (OR = 4.14, 95% CI = 0.93, 18.46); worse quality of life scores [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.16, 95% CI = -0.66, 0.34]; gastric carcinoma (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 0.72, 6.47); bladder cancer (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.99, 1.57); prostate cancer (OR = 7.00, 95% CI = 0.90, 56.90); hepatitis C infection (OR = 0.98, 95%0.80, 1.21); periodontal disease (OR = 3.00, 5.00); gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.56); nasopharyngeal carcinoma (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.20, 1.23); bladder cancer (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.99, 1.57); infertility (OR = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.00, 6.30); and mortality (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.93, 1.43). CONCLUSIONS: There is accumulating evidence about the association of waterpipe tobacco smoking with a growing number of health outcomes.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association
Data Source
Authors
Waziry,R., Jawad,M., Ballout,R.A., Al Akel,M., Akl,E.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160413
PMCID
Editors
Association between felt ambivalence and the desire to quit waterpipe use among college students 2016 Duke University School of Nursing, USA isaac.lipkus@duke.edu.; Duke University School of Nursing, USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of health psychology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Health.Psychol.
Pub Date Free Form
27-Mar
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160331; CI: (c) The Author(s) 2016; JID: 9703616; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1461-7277; 1359-1053
Accession Number
PMID: 27020085
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
1359105316636948 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27020085
Abstract
College waterpipe tobacco smokers who feel more ambivalence, that is, conflicted about its use, may have a stronger desire to quit. Using baseline survey data of 315 college waterpipe smokers, we examined this relationship. While frequency of feeling ambivalence was low, greater ambivalence was related with desire to quit (r = .46,p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lipkus,I.M., Noonan,D.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160327
PMCID
Editors
E-cigarettes, Hookah Pens and Vapes: Adolescent and Young Adult Perceptions of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems 2016 Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; kwagoner@wakehealth.edu.; Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC;; Department of Social Science
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
30-Mar
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160527; CI: (c) The Author 2016; GR: P50 CA180907/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 2015/08/17 [received]; 2016/03/22 [accepted]; 2016/03/30 [aheadofprint]; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 27029821
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
ntw095 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27029821
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Most studies have assessed use of "e-cigarettes" or "electronic cigarettes," potentially excluding new electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e-hookahs and vape pens. Little is known about how adolescents and young adults perceive ENDS and if their perceptions vary by sub-type. We explored ENDS perceptions among these populations. METHODS: Ten focus groups with 77 adolescents and young adults, ages 13-25, were conducted in spring 2014. Participants were users or susceptible nonusers of novel tobacco products. Focus group transcripts were coded for emergent themes. RESULTS: Participants reported positive ENDS attributes, including flavor variety; user control of nicotine content; and smoke trick facilitation. Negative attributes included different feel compared to combustible cigarettes, nicotine addiction potential, and no cue to stop use. Participants perceived less harm from ENDS compared to combustible cigarettes, perhaps due to marketing and lack of product regulation, but noted the uncertainty of ingredients in ENDS. Numerous terms were used to describe ENDS, including "e-cigarette," "e-hookah," "hookah pens," "tanks," and "vapes." Although no clear classification system emerged, participants used product characteristics like nicotine content and chargeability to attempt classification. Perceptions differed by product used. E-hookah users were perceived as young and trendy while e-cigarette users were perceived as old and addicted to nicotine. CONCLUSIONS: Young adults and adolescents report distinct ENDS sub-types with varying characteristics and social perceptions of users. Although they had more positive than negative perceptions of ENDS, prevention efforts should consider highlighting negative attributes as they may discourage use and product trial among young nonusers. IMPLICATIONS: Our study underscores the need for a standardized measurement system for ENDS sub-types and additional research on how ENDS sub-types are perceived among adolescents and young adults. In addition, our findings highlight negative product attributes reported by participants that may be useful in prevention and regulatory efforts to offset favorable marketing messages.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Data Source
Authors
Wagoner,K.G., Cornacchione,J., Wiseman,K.D., Teal,R., Moracco,K.E., Sutfin,E.L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160330
PMCID
Editors
Effect of the Purple Corn Beverage "Chicha Morada" in Composite Resin during Dental Bleaching 2016 Odontologia Restauradora y Estetica, Facultad de Estomatologia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.; Odontologia Restauradora y Estetica, Facultad de Estomatologia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.; Ingenieria de Materiales,
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Scientifica
Periodical, Abbrev.
Scientifica (Cairo)
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
2016
Issue
Start Page
2970548
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160403; JID: 101589932; OID: NLM: PMC4791506; 2015/12/15 [received]; 2016/02/09 [accepted]; 2016/03/01 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Egypt
ISSN/ISBN
2090-908X; 2090-908X
Accession Number
PMID: 27034897
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1155/2016/2970548 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27034897
Abstract
During dental bleaching the staining potential of the surface would increase. This study aims to evaluate the staining susceptibility of one bleached composite resin after the exposure to three different beverages: Peruvian purple corn based beverage (chicha morada), green tea, and distilled water. Thirty disk-shaped specimens of one nanofill composite resin were prepared. The specimens were then divided into six groups (n = 5): purple corn (P), purple corn + bleaching (PB), green tea (T), green tea + bleaching (TB), distilled water (W), and distilled water + bleaching (WB). In groups that received bleaching, two sessions of bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide were done. Following bleaching, specimens were exposed to each liquid thirty minutes daily. Color was measured with a digital spectrophotometer. For statistical analysis, color measurement differences between the obtained results were used: during bleaching, after bleaching, and during + after bleaching. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare the color changes in the resins of all groups (p 3.3).
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Acuna,E.D., Delgado-Cotrina,L., Rumiche,F.A., Tay,L.Y.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160301
PMCID
PMC4791506
Editors
Exposure to waterpipe smoke induces renal functional and oxidative biomarkers variations in mice 2016 a Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy .; b Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology , Faculty of Medicine .; a Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy .; c Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Faculty of Applie
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Inhalation toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Inhal.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Aug
Volume
Issue
Start Page
1
Other Pages
6
Notes
LR: 20160801; JID: 8910739; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint; SO: Inhal Toxicol. 2016 Aug 1:1-6.
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1091-7691; 0895-8378
Accession Number
PMID: 27477853
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
10.1080/08958378.2016.1210703 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27477853
Abstract
CONTEXT: Waterpipe smoking (WPS) has been known for over 400 years. It has been spread widely especially between youth because of the addition of pleasant flavor and because it was misconsidered to be less harmful than cigarette. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we investigated the effect of waterpipe smoking on renal oxidative and functional parameters and compared that at acute and chronic exposure time in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were divided into three groups, namely acute, chronic and fresh air control. Acute group was exposed to waterpipe smoke for one hour daily for six days using whole-body exposure system, while chronic group was exposed to waterpipe smoke for one hour daily for 30 days using whole-body exposure system. RESULT: Exposure to waterpipe smoke has shown significant changes on the mice kidney functional parameters such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Both exposures (acute and chronic) has shown a significant reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Rababa'h,A.M., Sultan,B.B., Alzoubi,K.H., Khabour,O.F., Ababneh,M.A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160801
PMCID
Editors
Porsche Design's Shisha 2 hits the Lebanese market 2016 Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
10-Feb
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160213; JID: 9209612; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 26865638
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
tobaccocontrol-2015-052709 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26865638
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Alaouie,H., Nakkash,R., Afifi,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160210
PMCID
Editors
The influence of menthol, e-cigarettes and other tobacco products on young adults' self-reported changes in past year smoking 2016 Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.; The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, American Legacy Foundatio
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
25
Issue
5
Start Page
571
Other Pages
574
Notes
LR: 20160822; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; GR: R01 CA149705/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United Stat
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 26243809
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052325 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26243809
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Progression to regular smoking often occurs during young adulthood. This study examines self-reported changes in past year smoking among young adults and the potential influence of tobacco products on these trajectories. METHODS: Respondents to the 2011 National Young Adult Health Survey who smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime (n=909) described smoking behaviour at the time of the survey and 1 year prior. Cigarette smoking trajectories were categorised as: no change, quit, decreased smoking or increased smoking. Participants were also asked about current use of menthol cigarettes and other tobacco products (ie, cigars, smokeless tobacco, hookah) and ever use of e-cigarettes. RESULTS: Most young adults (73.1%) reported stable cigarette smoking behaviours, while 8.2% reported having quit, 5.8% reported that they smoke on fewer days, 5% progressed from someday to daily smoking and 8% increased from not at all to current smoking. The youngest smokers (18-20) had significantly higher odds (adjusted OR (AOR) =2.6) of increasing cigarette use over the past year compared to those aged 30-34, as did blacks versus whites (AOR=2.35). Menthol cigarette use nearly doubled (AOR=1.87) the odds of increased smoking behaviour. E-cigarette and other tobacco product (OTP) use were not associated with increasing smoking but OTP use was negatively associated with remaining quit from cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Young adulthood is a critical period for smoking interventions, particularly among those most vulnerable to increasing smoking behaviours (ie, black and younger young adults). Policy efforts to restrict menthol cigarettes may reduce young adult smoking progression.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Delnevo,C.D., Villanti,A.C., Wackowski,O.A., Gundersen,D.A., Giovenco,D.P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20150804
PMCID
PMC4740271
Editors
Waterpipe smoking among secondary school students in Hong Kong 2016 School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 5/F William MW Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, 5/F William MW Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. syho@hku.hk.; Sc
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Public.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
61
Issue
4
Start Page
427
Other Pages
434
Notes
JID: 101304551; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/10/16 [received]; 2016/01/27 [accepted]; 2015/12/28 [revised]; 2016/02/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Switzerland
ISSN/ISBN
1661-8564; 1661-8556
Accession Number
PMID: 26873908
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1007/s00038-016-0796-x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26873908
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of waterpipe smoking and its associated factors among adolescents in Hong Kong. METHODS: We analyzed data of the School-based Survey on Smoking among Students 2012/2013 from a representative sample of 45,857 secondary school students in Hong Kong (mean age 14.8, SD 1.9). We conducted Chi-square tests and t test to compare current (past 30 days) waterpipe users and nonusers by sociodemographic variables and other covariates. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the factors associated with current waterpipe smoking. RESULTS: Overall, 1.2 % of students reported current waterpipe smoking, of whom 43 % reported concurrent use of cigarettes. Waterpipe was the most popular alternative tobacco product (non-cigarette) used by students. Current waterpipe smoking was associated with older age, male sex, higher self-perceived family financial status, poor knowledge about the harm of cigarette smoking, positive attitudes toward smoking, current cigarette smoking, other tobacco use, and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe smoking was the most popular alternative tobacco product among Hong Kong adolescents. Despite the low prevalence, it should be routinely monitored. Education programs and cessation interventions need to address waterpipe smoking in addition to cigarette smoking.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jiang,N., Ho,S.Y., Wang,M.P., Leung,L.T., Lam,T.H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160212
PMCID
Editors
Electronic cigarette use and indoor air quality in a natural setting 2016 Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Richmond, Virginia, USA.;
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
15-Feb
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160816; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; GR: F31 DA040319/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United Sta
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 26880745
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
tobaccocontrol-2015-052772 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26880745
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Secondhand smoke (SHS) from combustible cigarettes causes numerous diseases. Policies have been developed to prevent SHS exposure from indoor cigarette use to reduce health risks to non-smokers. However, fewer policies have been implemented to deter electronic cigarette (ECIG) use indoors, and limited research has examined the impact of secondhand exposure to ECIG aerosol. METHODS: Indoor air quality was measured at a 2-day ECIG event held in a large room at a hotel. Fine particulate matter (PM) was measured using 2 devices that measured concentrations of PM 2.5 mum aerodynamic diameter or smaller (PM2.5). Measurements were taken before the event, over 2 days when the event was ongoing, and the day after the event. PM2.5 measurements were also taken from the restaurant at the hotel hosting the event and a restaurant at a nearby hotel. RESULTS: During 6 time points when the event was ongoing, between 59 and 86 active ECIG users were present in the event room (room volume=4023 m3). While the event was ongoing, median PM2.5 concentrations in the event room increased from a baseline of 1.92-3.20 mug/m3 to concentrations that ranged from 311.68 mug/m3 (IQR 253.44-411.84 mug/m3) to 818.88 mug/m3 (IQR 760.64-975.04 mug/m3). CONCLUSIONS: PM2.5 concentrations observed at the ECIG event were higher than concentrations reported previously in hookah cafes and bars that allow cigarette smoking. This study indicates that indoor ECIG use exposes non-users to secondhand ECIG aerosol. Regulatory bodies should consider establishing policies that prohibit ECIG use anywhere combustible cigarette use is prohibited.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Soule,E.K., Maloney,S.F., Spindle,T.R., Rudy,A.K., Hiler,M.M., Cobb,C.O.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160215
PMCID
PMC4985441
Editors