WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
3-Oxo-5-(piperidin-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 1-Dec Volume 67 Issue Pt 12 Start Page o3318 Other Pages Notes LR: 20130228; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC3238968; 2011/10/13 [received]; 2011/11/10 [accepted]; 2011/11/16 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 22199817 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536811047714 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22199817 Abstract In the title compound, C(9)H(12)N(4)O, the piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation and makes a dihedral angle of 42.49 (11) degrees with the approximately planar pyrazole moiety [maximum deviation = 0.038 (2) A]. In the crystal, N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds and a weak C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO inter-action link the mol-ecules into sheets lying parallel to (110). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Adiwish,W. M., Yaacob,W. A., Adan,D., Mohamed Tahir,M. I., Kassim,M. B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20111116 PMCID PMC3238968 Editors
Knowledge, attitude and believes of Nargila (hubble-bubble) smoking in Iraq	2005	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society Periodical, Abbrev. J.Bahrain Med.Soc. Pub Date Free Form 2005/04 Volume 17 Issue 2 Start Page 128 Other Pages 134 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1015-6321 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Aim: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking Nargila. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 200 male smokers from different parts of Iraq. Results: The study showed that the highest rate was among youth aged 20-39 years and negatively correlated with the level of education. The cost ranged between 250-15,000 ID per weak and the average time spent for each smoking was 30 minutes. The study revealed that 90% of the sample prefer Nargila smoking than cigarette, because they believed it is less harmful, due to passage of smoke through water, and more enjoyable. Less than 10% used a disposable tip while the rest shared the same tip with their friends and even with worker responsible for preparing Nargilas. Moreover, about half of the sample declared that they were unwilling to quit from the habit. A Preliminary test of especially manufactured smoking machine showed that the amount of tar and nicotine precipitated from the Nargila smoke might be more than that expected and that declared by manufacturers. Conclusions: The study pointed out the importance of changing the wrong belives knowledge towards Nargila and arrange a suitable health education programme to highlight its harmful effect on the health of smokers. Descriptors nicotine, tar, academic achievement, adult, age distribution, article, attitude, health education, human, Iraq, male, normal human, smoking Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Al-Dabbagh,S., Al-Sinjari,K. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users	2009	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tob Induc Dis Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 5 Issue 1 Start Page 16 Other Pages 16 Notes ID: 20021672 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tobacco cigarette smoking a well-known cause of cancer and other diseases. Hookah smoking is another form of tobacco use that has rapidly spread in the United State and Europe. This study assessed beliefs about the harmfulness of smoking hookah. METHODS: We surveyed hookah users in all cafes that provided hookah to its customers in downtown San Diego, California and nearby areas. A total of 235 hookah users participated in this study. RESULTS: Average age of study participants was 22 years, 57% were males, and 72% were not cigarette smokers. Whites were more likely to use hookah than the other ethnic groups (33%), older hookah users (26-35 years) were mostly males, and mint flavor of hookah tobacco was the most popular among a wide variety of flavors (23%). There was no significant difference in gender in relation to the wrong perception that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes, but those of Asian ethnicity were much less likely than other ethnic groups to believe that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes. More frequent users of hookah were more likely to believe that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes. The majority of hookah users (58.3%) believe hookah is less harmful than cigarette smoking. DISCUSSION: Compared to cigarettes, there appears to be a lack of knowledge about the harmfulness of smoking hookah among users regardless of their demographic background. Education about the harmfulness of smoking hookah and policies to limit its use should be implemented to prevent the spread of this new form of tobacco use. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806861/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1617-9625-5-16 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Aljarrah,Khaled, Ababneh,Zaid Q., Al-Delaimy,Wael Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The short-term effect of water-pipe smoking on the baroreflex control of heart rate in normotensives	2006	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Auton Neurosci Periodical, Abbrev. Auton.Neurosci. Pub Date Free Form Volume 126-127 Issue Start Page 146 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 16716761 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract UNLABELLED: The aim of this study is to analyse the acute effect of water-pipe smoking on heart rate, blood pressure and the baroreflex control of heart rate. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Non-invasive continuous methods were used for investigating inter-beat interval (IBI; ms), systolic blood pressure (SBP; mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; mm Hg), pulse pressure (PP; mm Hg), mean blood pressure (MBP; mm Hg); baroreflex sensitivity in ms/mm Hg (BRS) and baroreflex sensitivity in Hz/mm Hg (BRSf), were determined by spectral analysis, in 20 normotensive volunteers age of 27+/-6 years (mean+/-S.D.) who served as their own control. The measurements were taken twice. The first measurement was taken before the water-pipe smoking session (this is after >12 h of smoking cessation with a complete stopping of alcohol, coffee or tea consumption). The second measurement was taken during a 5 min period immediately after that session. (In the smoking session the volunteer smokes 5 g Maassel (fruit flavoured tobacco) for a period of 45 min). RESULTS: The inter-beat interval decreased (846+/-100 to 709+/-109 ms, p=0.0003), SBP increased (110+/-13 to 123+/-12 mm Hg, p=0.004), DBP increased (67+/-11 to 81+/-11 mm Hg, p=0.0002), PP decreased (43+/-10 to 41+/-9 mm Hg, p=0.46 ns), MBP increased (82+/-10 to 95+/-11 mm Hg, p=0.0001), BRS decreased (9.16+/-4 to 5.67+/-3 ms/mm Hg, p=0.003) and BRSf (0.013+/-0.005 to 0.011+/-0.004 Hz/mm Hg, p=0.3 ns). CONCLUSIONS: Water-pipe smoking induced a high increase in heart rate, SBP, DBP, MBP and markedly impaired BRS. All of those markers are known as risk factors in cardiovascular diseases, hence it is concluded that water-pipe smoking is not as harmless as is thought. Descriptors Baroreflex/physiology, Heart Rate/physiology, Smoking/physiopathology, Adult, Baroreflex/drug effects, Blood Pressure/physiology, Heart Rate/drug effects, Humans, Male, Statistics, Nonparametric Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16716761 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Kubati,M., Al-Kubati,A., al'Absi,M., Fiser,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Role of members of university students' unions in tobacco prevention	2007	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Prev Med Hyg Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 48 Issue 4 Start Page 136 Other Pages 40 Notes ID: 18557308 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: In Egypt, each faculty has it own students' union, which represents the students and collaborates in organizing all educational, sporting and social activities. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the knowledge of members of students' unions about cigarette and Shisha smoking together with assessing their attitudes towards smoking in public places in general and in the university. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of members of Ain Shams University Students' Unions was subjected to an interview questionnaire. All participants were individually interviewed face-to-face by a trained interviewer from March 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005. RESULTS: Our study showed that 34 (31.5%) students were smokers. The mean knowledge score percentage was 79.4 +/- 20.7. Regarding knowledge about Shisha smoking hazards, the majority of the students (84.3%) knew that Shisha smoking is hazardous. The mean attitude score percentage was 56.8 +/- 22.2. Smokers had less mean knowledge as regard smoking hazards compared to non-smokers (p < 0.01). Also, smokers had a lower mean attitude compared to non-smokers (p < 0.001). More than one-third (38.9%) of the interviewed students didn't know if the students' union has a policy for prevention of smoking or not. CONCLUSION: Our findings point that although our students had a moderately high mean knowledge score yet this didn't increase their attitude about the smoking problem in the university and in the community. This supports the notion that, in addition to knowledge about smoking hazards, efforts are needed to change beliefs that allow this offensive habit to continue. Descriptors Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Promotion, Smoking/prevention & control, Social Marketing, Students, Universities, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Egypt, Humans, Male, Organizational Policy, Spain, Questionnaires Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18557308 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Allam,M. F., Abd Elaziz,K.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of current smoking in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full East Mediterr Health J Periodical, Abbrev. East.Mediterr.Health J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 16 Issue 6 Start Page 671 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 20799597 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract All Saudi Arabian residents of the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia aged 30+ years completed a structured interview questionnaire about smoking. The prevalence of current smoking (smoked > 100 cigarettes or any tobacco products including waterpipe in lifetime and still smoking daily or occasionally for 1 month or more) among 196 268 respondents was 16.9% (28.7% among men and 4.5% among women). There was a significantly higher prevalence of smoking at younger ages in men and older ages in women. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that factors independently associated with smoking were lower socioeconomic tatus, lower education, being divorced and occupations such as the military and self-employed. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Educational Status, Female, Focus Groups, Health Surveys, Humans, Income/statistics & numerical data, Logistic Models, Male, Marital Status, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Occupations, Prevalence, Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data, Saudi Arabia/epidemiology, Sex Distribution Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-20799597 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Turki,K., Al-Baghli,N., Al-Ghamdi,A., El-Zubaier,A., Al-Ghamdi,R., Alameer,M. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking habits among medical students in Central Saudi Arabia	2006	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Saudi Med J Periodical, Abbrev. Saudi Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 27 Issue 5 Start Page 700 Other Pages 3 Notes ID: 16680263 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of smoking habits among male medical students at the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: We carried out this cross-sectional study using Arabic questionnaires distributed to the medical students in the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA at different educational levels from September 13 to September 25, 2005. A total of 322 medical students completed the questionnaires (response rate 80.5%). RESULTS: The study shows that 13% of male medical students were currently active smokers, 5.3% were ex-smokers, and 38.2% were passive smokers. The types of smoking included sheesha 44.1%, cigarette 32.2%, and both 23.7%. The common reason given for the smoking behavior was the influence of friends (35.6%). The study shows that 57.1% of current smokers were motivated to stop smoking. CONCLUSION: There is an urgent need to promote multi-disciplinary health education activities at different age groups in order to prevent young age students from smoking, and to help smokers to quit. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Students, Medical, Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Health Education, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Saudi Arabia, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation, Questionnaires Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16680263 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Turki,Yousef Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparative study of the effect of cigarette and hubble bubble goza smoking on some essential glucoregulatory hormones	1993	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tanta Medical Journal Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 1 Start Page 103 Other Pages 113 Notes ID: 35382 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract To compare the effects of Hubble-Bubble Goza] smoking with those of cigarette smoking on insulin, growth hormone and catecholamines secretion, 10 healthy male smokers were studied. Each subject worked as control for himself. After an overnight fast each subject was insucted to smoke 2 non-filtered cigarettes Cleopatra Super, Eastern Company, Egypt], over 10 minutes in one day and in an another day an equivalent amount tobacco as Meassel 7.1 g of the commercialy available Goza Tobacco] using Goza over the same 10 minutes period. Blood samles were assayed for plasma glucose, insulin, growth hormone, adrenaline and noradernaline in the fasting state and 10, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes after the end of smoking by the glucose oxidase method for glucose, radioimmunoassay for insulin and growth hormone, and flourometry for catecholamines. The results of the present study showed significant elevation of plasma glucose after both types of smoking, with peak glucose response occurring earlier after Goza smoking. Plasma insulin showed no significant changes after both smoking types. Growth hormone levels were significantly and progressively elevated in both types of smoking. A significant elevation of adrenaline at 10 and 30 minutes and a significant elevation of noradrenaline at 10 minutes after both types of smoking were also observed. The results showed that Hubble-Bubble Goza] smoking produces the same effect on the parameters studied as those of cigarette smoking although the response is a little bit attenuated Descriptors Humans, Male, Comparative Study, Smoking, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Catecholamines, Growth Hormone, Insulin Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-35382 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Amara,Fahmy Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Harm perception, attitudes and predictors of waterpipe (shisha) smoking among secondary school adolescents in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian Pac J Cancer Prev Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 11 Issue 2 Start Page 293 Other Pages 301 Notes ID: 20843104 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and social determinants of waterpipe (WP) smoking among secondary school students in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia and to assess their health related knowledge and attitudes toward WP. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,652 Saudi secondary school students of both genders aged between 15-19 years selected by multistage sampling method. A self-administered anonymous Arabic version of Global Youth Tobacco Survey modified with items dedicated to WP smoking and to assess perception of health related hazards and attitudes towards WP was employed for data collection. RESULTS: Prevalence of current smokers 'all forms' was 30.3% among males (C.I= 27.5- 33.2%) and 8.5% in females (C.I= 6.6-10.9%). WP was used by 53.9% of the current tobacco users, significantly higher among older age students. Of the regular WP smokers, 20.7% smoked WP on daily basis, 23.8% weekly, 64.2% stated using flavored " Muassel " tobacco. Primary motives for WP smoking were outings with friends, company, boredom and wasting time. Of the total, 49.7% of students stated that WP smoking is less harmful than cigarettes, 60.5% believed that harmful substances were purified through water filtration, with non-addictive properties in 67.8%. Knowledge about health hazards of WP smoking was low, irrespective of student's smoking status. WP smoking is more socially acceptable than cigarettes (52.1%), represents a good opportunity for gathering of friends and family (33.8%), and smoking of WP can relieve stress and tensions (37.8%). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that socializing motives, cigarette smoking, smoking among close family and friends, male gender and increasing age were positive predictors for WP smoking. CONCLUSION: Social acceptability, poor knowledge of WP health related hazards and certain socio demographics are favoring the increasing current trend of WP use among adolescents in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Smoking/psychology, Students/psychology, Students/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adult, Attitude, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Saudi Arabia/epidemiology, Schools, Social Environment, Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control, Young Adult Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-20843104 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Amin,Tarek Tawfik, Amr,Mostafa Abdel Monem, Zaza,Burhan Omar, Suleman,Wassem Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Risk factors for chronic bronchitis among women in Shahrekord, Iran	2002	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tanaffos Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 1 Issue 3 Start Page 19 Other Pages 23 Notes ID: 69343 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Chronic bronchitis is expected to be less prevalent among Iranian women, since smoking is uncommon among them, however, recent reports disagreed this claim. Traditional baking and cooking with biomass fuel wood fuel being the most commonly used] is still common in our villages and small towns. These seem to be contributive factors for high prevalence rate of chronic bronchitis among women. We conducted a case-control study to identify the possible risk of indoor smoke and biomass combustion. We compared 100 chronic bronchitis cases with 100 age-matched controls. The odds ratio OR] was used as the basic statistic to evaluate risk. Chronic bronchitis was associated with cigarette smoking OR=6.10; p=0.009], water-pipe smoking OR=4.41; p=0.014], household baking OR=4.90; p=0.002], using wood for baking OR=3.04; p=0.000], using wood for space heating OR=2.36; p=0.009], using wood for cooking OR=7.17; p= 0.000], and using kerosene fuel for cooking OR= 4.63; p=0.000]. Results have revealed that among women in Chahar- Mahal- Bakhtiari, wood and other biomass fuels used for cooking, baking and heating are associated with chronic bronchitis. Changing to safer alternative fuels for cooking and heating would ameliorate the impacts of chronic bronchitis Descriptors Humans, Female, ABO Blood-Group System - 45 YEARS, Absorption - 64 YEARS, OVER 64 YEARS, Bronchitis/epidemiology, Risk Factors, Chronic Disease, Bronchitis/etiology, Women Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-69343 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Amra,Babak, Gholshan,Mohammad, Shirian,Rasool Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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