Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title Sort descending | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Toxicant inhalation among singleton waterpipe tobacco users in natural settings | 2019 | Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, UK.; Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Ri(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
28
Issue
2
Start Page
181
Other Pages
188
Notes
LR: 20190614; CI: (c) Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2019; GR: P50 DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA025659/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; NIHMS971077; OTO: NOTNLM;
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 29807946
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054230 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29807946
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies that assess waterpipe tobacco smoking behaviour and toxicant exposure generally use controlled laboratory environments with small samples that may not fully capture real-world variability in human behaviour and waterpipe products. This study aimed to conduct real-time sampling of waterpipe tobacco use in natural environments using an in situ device. METHODS: We used the REALTIME sampling instrument: a validated, portable, self-powered device designed to sample automatically a fixed percentage of the aerosol flowing through the waterpipe mouthpiece during every puff. We recruited participants at cafe and home settings in Jordan and measured puffing behaviour in addition to inhalation exposure of total particulate matter (TPM), carbon monoxide (CO), nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile aldehydes. We correlated total inhaled volume with five selected toxicants and calculated the regression line of this relationship. RESULTS: Averaged across 79 singleton sessions (52% male, mean age 27.0, 95% home sessions), sessions lasted 46.9 min and participants drew 290 puffs and inhaled 214 L per session. Mean quantities of inhaled toxicants per session were 1910 mg TPM, 259 mg CO, 5.0 mg nicotine, 117 ng benzo[a]pyrene and 198 ng formaldehyde. We found positive correlations between total inhaled volume and TPM (r=0.472; p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jawad,M., Eissenberg,T., Salman,R., Soule,E., Alzoubi,K.H., Khabour,O.F., Karaoghlanian,N., Baalbaki,R., El Hage,R., Saliba,N.A., Shihadeh,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180528
PMCID
PMC6563915
Editors
|
|||
| Toxicant inhalation among singleton waterpipe tobacco users in natural settings | 2019 | Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, Imperial College London, Hammersmith, UK.; Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Ri(TRUNCATED | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
28
Issue
2
Start Page
181
Other Pages
188
Notes
LR: 20190425; CI: (c) Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2019; GR: P50 DA036105/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA025659/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; OTO: NOTNLM; 2017/12/29 0
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 29807946
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054230 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
29807946
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies that assess waterpipe tobacco smoking behaviour and toxicant exposure generally use controlled laboratory environments with small samples that may not fully capture real-world variability in human behaviour and waterpipe products. This study aimed to conduct real-time sampling of waterpipe tobacco use in natural environments using an in situ device. METHODS: We used the REALTIME sampling instrument: a validated, portable, self-powered device designed to sample automatically a fixed percentage of the aerosol flowing through the waterpipe mouthpiece during every puff. We recruited participants at cafe and home settings in Jordan and measured puffing behaviour in addition to inhalation exposure of total particulate matter (TPM), carbon monoxide (CO), nicotine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile aldehydes. We correlated total inhaled volume with five selected toxicants and calculated the regression line of this relationship. RESULTS: Averaged across 79 singleton sessions (52% male, mean age 27.0, 95% home sessions), sessions lasted 46.9 min and participants drew 290 puffs and inhaled 214 L per session. Mean quantities of inhaled toxicants per session were 1910 mg TPM, 259 mg CO, 5.0 mg nicotine, 117 ng benzo[a]pyrene and 198 ng formaldehyde. We found positive correlations between total inhaled volume and TPM (r=0.472; p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jawad,M., Eissenberg,T., Salman,R., Soule,E., Alzoubi,K.H., Khabour,O.F., Karaoghlanian,N., Baalbaki,R., El Hage,R., Saliba,N.A., Shihadeh,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20180528
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Toxicity of Sb and Cu in sewage sludge to terrestrial plants (lettuce, oat, radish), and of sludge elutriate to aquatic organisms (Daphnia and Lemna) and its interaction | 2004 | Fjällborg, B., Dept. of Appl. Environmental Science, Göteborg University, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Water, air, and soil pollution
Periodical, Abbrev.
Water Air Soil Pollut.
Pub Date Free Form
2004/
Volume
155
Issue
4-Jan
Start Page
3
Other Pages
20
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
0049-6979
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) and Copper (Cu) are two metals of major concern in sewage sludge. Antimony because its use in society is increasing and this might lead to increased Sb concentrations in sludge. Copper because its total volume in use in society is large and because of corrosion from water pipes it is most difficult to reduce the Cu concentrations in sludge. Fresh digested sewage sludge was spiked with Cu or Sb and the sludge was cultivated with oat (Avena sativa), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) or radish (Raphanus sativus). Elutriates from the cultivated sludge were tested for toxicity with Lemna minor (7-d growth) and Daphnia magna (48 h immobility). Before cultivation the elutriates were toxic to Lemna and Daphnia due to high concentrations of ammonia (NH3) and nitrite (NO2-). Cultivation decreased the concentrations of both NH3 and NO2-, thereby reducing the impact of these compounds in the toxicity tests. Cultivation also decreased the metal concentrations and pH. Daphnia magna was the most sensitive test organism in this study with a 48 h EC50 of 1130 mg Cu kg-1 dry wt and 5 mg Sb kg-1 dry wt in elutriates from sludge cultivated with oat. In sludge cultivated with radish the 48 h EC50 was 1700 mg Cu kg-1 dry wt and 22 mg Sb kg-1 dry wt. The effect of Cu could be predicted by pH and Cu concentration in the elutriate, but the effect of Sb could not solely be explained by its concentration in the elutriate.
Descriptors
antimony, copper, ammonia formation, article, concentration (parameters), corrosion, Daphnia, dry deposition, dry weight, elution, lettuce, municipal solid waste, oat, pH measurement, radish, sludge digestion, sludge disposal, sludge treatment, toxicity testing
Links
Book Title
Database
Embase
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Fjällborg,B., Dave,G.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Toxicological impact of waterpipe smoking and flavorings in the oral cavity and respiratory system | 2017 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Inhalation toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Inhal.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
29
Issue
9
Start Page
389
Other Pages
396
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Data Source
google
Authors
Javed, Fawad, ALHarthi, Shatha Subhi, BinShabaib, Munerah Saleh, Gajendra, Sangeeta, Romanos, Georgios E, Rahman, Irfan
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in suspended particulate matter by accelerated solvent extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry | 2005 | Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), Inland and Marine Waters Unit, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy. angels.olivella@terra.es | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
Anal.Bioanal Chem.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
383
Issue
1
Start Page
107
Other Pages
114
Notes
LR: 20160512; JID: 101134327; 0 (Anthracenes); 0 (Hexanes); 0 (Naphthalenes); 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Solvents); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 1364PS73AF (Acetone); 2166IN72UN (naphthalene); EH46A1TLD7 (anthracene); 2005/03/14 [receive
Place of Publication
Germany
ISSN/ISBN
1618-2642; 1618-2642
Accession Number
PMID: 16041602
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1007/s00216-005-3383-1 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16041602
Abstract
An analytical procedure based on extraction by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis has been developed for the determination of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from large-volume water samples (20 L). The effect of temperature and number of cycles on the efficiency of ASE was investigated: the best results were obtained by using a temperature of 100 degrees C and one static cycle. A mixture of hexane/acetone 1:1 (v/v) was used as extraction solvent. Mean total method recovery under optimized conditions was 85%. The developed methodology was applied to the analysis of suspended particulate matter from Lake Maggiore waters (north of Italy). Mean PAH concentrations in suspended particulate matter from Lake Maggiore ranged from 0.2 ng L(-1) for anthracene to 18.7 ng L(-1) for naphthalene.
Descriptors
Acetone/chemistry, Anthracenes/analysis, Fresh Water/analysis, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods, Hexanes/chemistry, Naphthalenes/analysis, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis, Solvents/chemistry, Temperature, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Olivella,M. A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20051019
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Tracing fetal and childhood exposure to lead using isotope analysis of deciduous teeth | 2016 | Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, UK.; Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham, UK.; NERC Isotope Geosciences Laborator | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Apr
Volume
146
Issue
Start Page
145
Other Pages
153
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 0147621; 0 (Aerosols); 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Isotopes); 2P299V784P (Lead); OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/09/08 [received]; 2015/12/11 [revised]; 2015/12/15 [accepted]; 2016/01/02 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0953; 0013-9351
Accession Number
PMID: 26752082
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.envres.2015.12.017 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
26752082
Abstract
We report progress in using the isotopic composition and concentration of Pb in the dentine and enamel of deciduous teeth to provide a high resolution time frame of exposure to Pb during fetal development and early childhood. Isotope measurements (total Pb and (208)Pb/(206)Pb, (207)Pb/(206)Pb ratios) were acquired by laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry at contiguous 100 micron intervals across thin sections of the teeth; from the outer enamel surface to the pulp cavity. Teeth samples (n=10) were selected from two cohorts of children, aged 5-8 years, living in NE England. By integrating the isotope data with histological analysis of the teeth, using the daily incremental lines in dentine, we were able to assign true estimated ages to each ablation point (first 2-3 years for molars, first 1-2 years for incisors+pre-natal growth). Significant differences were observed in the isotope composition and concentration of Pb between children, reflecting differences in the timing and sources of exposure during early childhood. Those born in 2000, after the withdrawal of leaded petrol in 1999, have the lowest dentine Pb levels (0.4microgPb/g) with (208)Pb/(206)Pb (mean +/-2sigma: 2.145-2.117) (208)Pb/(206)Pb (mean +/-2sigma: 0.898-0.882) ratios that can be modelled as a binary mix between industrial aerosols and leaded petrol emissions. Short duration, high intensity exposure events (1-2 months) were readily identified, together with evidence that dentine provides a good proxy for childhood changes in the isotope composition of blood Pb. Our pilot study confirms that laser ablation Pb isotope analysis of deciduous teeth, when carried out in conjunction with histological analysis, permits a reconstruction of the timing, duration and source of exposure to Pb during early childhood. With further development, this approach has the potential to study larger cohorts and appraise environments where the levels of exposure to Pb are much higher.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Shepherd,T.J., Dirks,W., Roberts,N.M., Patel,J.G., Hodgson,S., Pless-Mulloli,T., Walton,P., Parrish,R.R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160102
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Tracking Hookah Bars in New York: Utilizing Yelp as a Powerful Public Health Tool | 2015 | Department of Pediatrics New York University School of Medicine New York, NY United States.; Department of PediatricsNew York University School of MedicineNew York, NYUnited States; Brooklyn CollegeBrooklyn, NYUnited States.; Department of PediatricsNew Y | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
JMIR public health and surveillance
Periodical, Abbrev.
JMIR Public.Health.Surveill.
Pub Date Free Form
20-Nov
Volume
1
Issue
2
Start Page
e19
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160529; JID: 101669345; OID: NLM: PMC4869217; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015 [ecollection]; 2015/06/09 [received]; 2015/08/09 [revised]; 2015/09/22 [accepted]; 2015/11/20 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
2369-2960; 2369-2960
Accession Number
PMID: 27227137
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.2196/publichealth.4809 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27227137
Abstract
BACKGROUND: While cigarette use has seen a steady decline in recent years, hookah (water pipe) use has rapidly increased in popularity. While anecdotal reports have noted a rise in hookah bars, methodological difficulties have prevented researchers from drawing definitive conclusions about the number of hookah bars in any given location. There is no publicly available database that has been shown to reliably provide this information. It is now possible to analyze Internet trends as a measure of population behavior and health-related phenomena. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to investigate whether Yelp can be used to accurately identify the number of hookah bars in New York State, assess the distribution and characteristics of hookah bars, and monitor temporal trends in their presence. METHODS: Data were obtained from Yelp that captures a variety of parameters for every business listed in their database as of October 28, 2014, that was tagged as a "hookah bar" and operating in New York State. Two algebraic models were created: one estimated the date of opening of a hookah bar based on the first Yelp review received and the other estimated whether the bar was open or closed based on the date of the most recent Yelp review. These findings were then compared with empirical data obtained by Internet searches. RESULTS: From 2014 onward, the date of the first Yelp review predicts the opening date of new hookah bars to within 1 month. Yelp data allow the estimate of such venues and demonstrate that new bars are not randomly distributed, but instead are clustered near colleges and in specific racial/ethnic neighborhoods. New York has seen substantially more new hookah bars in 2012-2014 compared with the number that existed prior to 2009. CONCLUSIONS: Yelp is a powerful public health tool that allows for the investigation of various trends and characteristics of hookah bars. New York is experiencing tremendous growth in hookah bars, a worrying phenomenon that necessitates further investigation.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Cawkwell,P.B., Lee,L., Weitzman,M., Sherman,S.E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20151120
PMCID
PMC4869217
Editors
|
|||
| Trajectories of smokeless tobacco use and of cigarette smoking in a cohort of Swedish adolescents: differences and implications | 2008 | Stockholm Center for Public Health - Tobacco Prevention, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden. ingvar.rosendahl.sll.se | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
10
Issue
6
Start Page
1021
Other Pages
1027
Notes
LR: 20090217; JID: 9815751; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1462-2203; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 18584465
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1080/14622200802097522 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18584465
Abstract
Developmental trajectories of cigarette smoking have often been described, but there are no such analyses dealing with smokeless tobacco use. A semi-parametric group-based mixture modeling procedure was used to determine the development of smokeless tobacco (snus) use, as well as of cigarette smoking, over time in a cohort of 2,175 Swedish adolescents who were never-users of tobacco at the time of recruitment. An indicator of snus and of cigarette consumption in the previous year was used to model the development of the behavior between 11 and 18 years of age. For snus use three trajectories best described the cohort's experience, while four trajectories provided the best description of cigarette smoking in the cohort. For both tobacco types there were two escalation patterns and one sustained trial trajectory, while an extinction pattern was apparent for cigarette smoking only. Marked sex differences were found, since rapid escalation for snus use was found only among males while high consumption of cigarettes was observed only among females. Dual users (54.9% of all users) showed a trajectory of steeper and more prolonged increase of tobacco consumption than exclusive users of either snus or cigarettes. Several risk factors for tobacco use measured at baseline influenced individual probabilities of belonging to a particular trajectory. The developmental patterns of snus use and cigarette smoking showed high similarity, but they evolved differently in the two sexes. Dual users emerged as a high-risk group for tobacco dependence and tobacco-related harms.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Confidence Intervals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Life Style, Male, Odds Ratio, Peer Group, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Smoking/epidemiology/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods, Social Environment, Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Sweden/epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology/prevention & control, Tobacco, Smokeless
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Rosendahl,K. I., Galanti,M. R., Gilljam,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in commercial air divers: a field study including cases with right-to-left shunting | 1995 | University Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Western Infirmary, Glasgow. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc
Periodical, Abbrev.
Undersea Hyperb.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
22
Issue
2
Start Page
129
Other Pages
135
Notes
LR: 20041117; JID: 9312954; ppublish
Place of Publication
UNITED STATES
ISSN/ISBN
1066-2936; 1066-2936
Accession Number
PMID: 7633274
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM; S
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
7633274
Abstract
Many cases of decompression illness occur in divers using recommended decompression tables. Doppler ultrasound has been used for over 20 yr and has shown the presence of venous bubbles in asymptomatic divers working well within decompression limits. Previous studies have demonstrated an increased prevalence of patent foramen ovale in divers who have suffered neurologic decompression illness. It has been postulated that right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale could allow arterialization of these bubbles, causing symptoms and signs of acute decompression illness and possibly chronic subclinical neurologic impairment. We set out to determine the incidence of bubbles in the cerebral circulation of commercial divers decompressing from air dives. Using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), the middle cerebral arteries of 17 divers were monitored after surfacing from depths ranging between 3 and 50 m. Peripheral contrast injection with simultaneous transthoracic echocardiography and TCD was used to screen for right-to-left shunting. Right-to-left shunting was detected in four divers by TCD (one at rest, two after a Valsalva maneuver, and one only after coughing); however, echocardiography was positive in only one of these subjects after a Valsalva maneuver (TCD was positive at rest in this subject). Seventy-three TCD recordings were performed in four settings: 41 after underwater decompression, 18 after surface decompression, 10 in the interval between surfacing and entering the decompression chamber, and 4 after a chamber dive. Twenty-three of these recordings were in four subjects with right-to-left shunting; no bubbles were detected in any of these recordings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Descriptors
Adult, Cough/physiopathology, Decompression, Decompression Sickness/etiology/ultrasonography, Diving, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications, Humans, Male, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Valsalva Maneuver
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Glen,S. K., Georgiadis,D., Grosset,D. G., Douglas,J. D., Lees,K. R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Transdermal nicotine-induced tobacco abstinence symptom suppression: nicotine dose and smokers' gender | 2006 | Department of Psychology, Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, 23298-0205, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Exp.Clin.Psychopharmacol.
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
14
Issue
2
Start Page
121
Other Pages
135
Notes
LR: 20151119; GR: DA018447/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA07027/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA11082/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA011082/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9419066; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); NIHMS11824; OID: NLM: NIHM
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1064-1297; 1064-1297
Accession Number
PMID: 16756416
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
2006-07129-003 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16756416
Abstract
An aversive tobacco abstinence syndrome, thought to reflect an underlying level of nicotine dependence, contributes to cigarette smokers' failed quit attempts. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) suppresses tobacco abstinence, but high relapse rates suggest room for improvement. Improving NRT's efficacy might begin with identifying factors that influence tobacco abstinence symptom suppression. Two such factors are smokers' gender and NRT dose. The purpose of this study was to determine the dose-related effects of transdermal nicotine (TN) on tobacco abstinence symptoms in 75 men and 53 women who regularly smoked cigarettes but who had abstained from smoking for at least 8-12 hr. Participants completed 4 double-blind, randomized 6.5-hr laboratory sessions that differed by TN dose (0, 7, 21, or 42 mg). Each session included blood sampling for plasma nicotine level, measurement of heart rate, participants' ratings of tobacco abstinence symptoms and effects of nicotine, and psychomotor performance. Increases in plasma nicotine level were related to TN dose and were independent of gender. TN-induced abstinence symptom suppression was dose-related for items assessing craving and urge to smoke and largely was independent of gender. TN increased heart rate and ratings of aversive side effects (e.g., nausea, lightheadedness) in a dose-related manner, and women were more sensitive at higher doses. Results from this laboratory study support the continued use of TN as a pharmacotherapy. Higher doses may ameliorate some abstinence symptoms, although the side effect profile, at least in the short term, may limit effectiveness, especially for women.
Descriptors
Administration, Cutaneous, Adult, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Female, Heart Rate/drug effects, Humans, Male, Nicotine/administration & dosage/adverse effects/blood, Sex Characteristics, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/drug therapy/physiopathology, Tobacco Use Disorder/drug therapy/physiopathology
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Evans,S. E., Blank,M., Sams,C., Weaver,M. F., Eissenberg,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC1564049
Editors
|
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