WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
Hemorragias retinianas en las expediciones a montaÃ±as de mÃ¡s de 8.000 m. Estudio de 10 casos	1998	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Med Clin (Barc) Periodical, Abbrev. Med.Clin. Pub Date Free Form Volume 110 Issue 12 Start Page 457 Other Pages 61 Notes ID: 9611716 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language es SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Retinal haemorrhages are common at high altitude. Their pathogenesis is unknown. It has been suggested that they are less frequent in sherpas, and that possible predisposing factors might be the abscence of previous high-altitude experience, the extent of the high-altitude hypoxic exposure, polycythemia (because of hyperviscosity), history of cough and Valsalva manoeuvres during the expedition, existence of severe forms of mountain sickness (high-altitude pulmonary oedema and high-altitude cerebral oedema) and use of antiinflammatory drugs. The aim of this study is to know the incidence of retinal haemorrhages in the expeditions to mountains higher than 8.000 m and their relationship to the previously referred possible predisposing factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Funduscopy was performed on 17 healthy subjects taking part in expeditions to Cho-Oyu (8.201 m) and to Shisha Pangma (8.046 m) and on six of their Nepali coworkers. RESULTS: Retinal haemorrhages were found in 10 of the European (59%) and in none of the Nepali mountaineers (p = 0.019). Other 2 Spanish climbers had tortuosity and engorgment of the retinal veins. No statistical association was found between retinal haemorrhages and maximal altitude attained prior to the expedition, maximal altitude reached during the present expedition, number of nights spent at extreme altitude, weight loss as an expression of chronic exposure to hypoxia, haemoglobin, history of cough or Valsalva manoeuvres during the expedition, existence of severe forms of mountain sickness or use of drugs. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not allow us to state that the mentioned factors predispose to high-altitude retinal haemorrhages. Descriptors Altitude Sickness, Mountaineering, Retinal Hemorrhage/epidemiology, Adult, Causality, Female, Humans, Male, Retinal Hemorrhage/etiology Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-9611716 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Botella,de Maglia, MartÃnez-Costa,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
An atypical cause of alkali chemical burn: a case report	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Ann Burns Fire Disasters Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 23 Issue 4 Start Page 216 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 21991229 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract It has already been reported that wet ash turns into a strong alkali agent, which can cause full-thickness skin burns. A case is presented which has the particularity of sustained, self-inflicted contact with wet ash. The coal used was the self-igniting type normally used for burning scented weed or for smoking the hubbly bubbly or shisha pipe. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3188272/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Boutefnouchet,T., Moiemen,N., Papini,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Family planning through child health: a case study of El Kef project in Tunisia	1985	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JOICFP review Periodical, Abbrev. JOICFP Rev. Pub Date Free Form Volume -9 Issue 9 Start Page 12 Other Pages 17 Notes LR: 20111117; JID: 101084389; OID: PIP: 032778; OID: POP: 00152449; OTO: PIP; GN: PIP: TJ: JOICFP REVIEW; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0911-0763; 0911-0763 Accession Number PMID: 12313877 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; J DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12313877 Abstract PIP: In 1970, a Dutch medical team began work in the city of El Kef in Tunisia on a project designed to bring family planning into rural areas. The project aimed to persuade the rural people to use urban health centers, but this approach failed partly because of the remoteness of the communities and their reluctance to discuss personal matters with strangers. Funded by UNFPA, a new project began to recruit and train local girls as home health visitors or aides-familiales, an approach which became the central focus of the El Kef project. The International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) took over the project and expanded it to include nutrition, health care, health education, family planning, disease prevention and domestic crafts. 4 goals were fixed for the project: total vaccination coverage for children; elimination of severe malnutrition; reduction of infant mortality; and use of family planning practice by at least 1/2 the women of childbearing age. An efficient recordkeeping system enabled the project to be carefully evaluated and provides much-needed data, showing where it has achieved its aims and where new efforts should be directed. The project resulted in large numbers of women receiving ante-natal advice, child care and family planning from their local health centers. 860 pregnant women were followed up during the 3-year study period. Some 57% of pregnant women went for advice; only 15% went for postnatal care, but 50% of the women under 50 attended child welfare sessions during the study period for weight checks, nutrition advice, vaccination and treatment for minor ailments. Over the 3 years, the number of contraceptive users more than trebled, from 14% to 54%. The IUD was the most popular method. The most successful aspect of the project was the emphasis on maternal and child health, and the home visits were the most motivating feature. Vaccination became more popular. A further aspect of the project was the training in home improvement skills, like sewing, knitting and gardening. After 4 years in the field the aides familiales were a valuable resource of skill and experience. Family planning was integrated with maternal and child health in the government program through the health infrastructure. Descriptors Achievement, Africa, Africa, Northern, Behavior, Communication, Community Health Services, Community Health Workers, Contraception Behavior, Delivery of Health Care, Demography, Developing Countries, Family Planning Services, Health, Health Education, Health Personnel, Health Planning, Health Services, Health Services Research, House Calls, Immunization, International Agencies, International Cooperation, Maternal-Child Health Centers, Medicine, Middle East, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Organization and Administration, Pilot Projects, Population, Population Characteristics, Preventive Medicine, Primary Health Care, Program Evaluation, Records as Topic, Research, Rural Population, Teaching, Tunisia, United Nations, Vaccination, Arab Countries, Community Workers, Contraceptive Methods Chosen, Demographic Factors, Family Planning, Family Planning Program Evaluation, Family Planning Programs, French Speaking Africa, Health Services Evaluation, Home Visits, Integrated Programs, Ippf, Maternal-child Health Services, Mediterranean Countries, Northern Africa, Nutrition, Programs, Records, Research Methodology, Studies, Summary Report, Training Activities, Un, Unfpa Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bouzidi,M., Jones,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Boom and bust inflation: a graceful exit via compact extra dimensions	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Phys Rev Lett Periodical, Abbrev. Phys.Rev.Lett. Pub Date Free Form Volume 101 Issue 22 Start Page 221302 Other Pages 221302 Notes ID: 19113473 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A model of inflation is proposed in which compact extra dimensions allow a graceful exit without recourse to flat potentials or super-Planckian field values. Though bubbles of true vacuum are too sparse to uniformly reheat the Universe by colliding with each other, a compact dimension enables a single bubble to uniformly reheat by colliding with itself. This mechanism, which generates an approximately scale invariant perturbation spectrum, requires that inflation be driven by a bulk field, that vacuum decay be slow, and that the extra dimension be at least a hundred times larger than the false vacuum Hubble length. Descriptors Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-19113473 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Brown,Adam R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Is concern about waterpipe tobacco smoking warranted?	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Aust N Z J Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Aust.N.Z.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 32 Issue 2 Start Page 181 Other Pages 2 Notes ID: 18412692 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Health Promotion, Smoking, Social Marketing, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, New South Wales Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00198.x Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Carroll,Therese, Poder,Natasha, Perusco,Andrew Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Any tobacco use in 13 States --- behavioral risk factor surveillance system, 2008	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 6-Aug Volume 59 Issue 30 Start Page 946 Other Pages 950 Notes JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 20689499 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm5930a3 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20689499 Abstract Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, and cigarette smoking, the predominant form of tobacco use in the United States, causes 443,000 deaths annually. In 2008, 20.6% of U.S. adults were current smokers; however, other tobacco products (e.g., smokeless tobacco, cigars, bidis, and kreteks) also were used by some adults and youths. Persons who use cigarettes in combination with other tobacco products (polytobacco use) might have an in increased risk for adverse health effects. To estimate the prevalence of any tobacco and polytobacco use, CDC analyzed data from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (the most recent data available) module on use of other tobacco products, which was implemented by 13 states. This analysis found that use of any tobacco product ranged from 18.4% (New Jersey) to 35.0% (West Virginia), cigarette use ranged from 14.6% (New Jersey) to 26.6% (West Virginia), and polytobacco use ranged from 1.0% (New Jersey) to 3.7% (West Virginia). Polytobacco use was more prevalent among men (4.4%), persons aged 18--24 years (5.7%), persons who were single (4.8%), persons with household incomes less than $35,000 (9.8%), and persons with less than a high school education (3.6%) or with a high school diploma or General Education Development (GED) certificate or diploma (3.6%). Because no form of tobacco is safe to use, prevention and cessation intervention programs need to address all forms of tobacco use to lower tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Additionally, counter-marketing messages for tobacco products can be tailored for specific populations, such as young adults and males. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Advertising as Topic, African Continental Ancestry Group, Age Factors, Aged, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Educational Status, Female, Hispanic Americans, Humans, Income, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology/ethnology/prevention & control, Tobacco Industry, Tobacco, Smokeless, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Vital signs: current cigarette smoking among adults aged >or=18 years --- United States, 2009	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 10-Sep Volume 59 Issue 35 Start Page 1135 Other Pages 1140 Notes LR: 20120910; JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 20829747 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm5935a3 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20829747 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking continues to be the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, causing approximately 443,000 premature deaths annually. METHODS: The 2009 National Health Interview Survey and the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to estimate national and state adult smoking prevalence, respectively. Cigarette smokers were defined as adults aged >/=18 years who reported having smoked >/=100 cigarettes in their lifetime and now smoke every day or some days. RESULTS: In 2009, 20.6% of U.S. adults aged >/=18 years were current cigarette smokers. Men (23.5%) were more likely than women (17.9%) to be current smokers. The prevalence of smoking was 31.1% among persons below the federal poverty level. For adults aged >/=25 years, the prevalence of smoking was 28.5% among persons with less than a high school diploma, compared with 5.6% among those with a graduate degree. Regional differences were observed, with the West having the lowest prevalence (16.4%) and higher prevalences being observed in the South (21.8%) and Midwest (23.1%). From 2005 to 2009, the proportion of U.S. adults who were current cigarette smokers did not change (20.9% in 2005 and 20.6% in 2009). CONCLUSIONS: Previous declines in smoking prevalence in the United States have stalled during the past 5 years; the burden of cigarette smoking continues to be high, especially in persons living below the federal poverty level and with low educational attainment. Sustained, adequately funded, comprehensive tobacco control programs could reduce adult smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: To further reduce disease and death from cigarette smoking, declines in cigarette smoking among adults must accelerate. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is expected to expand access to evidence-based smoking-cessation services and treatments; this likely will result in additional use of these services and reductions of current smoking and its adverse effects among U.S. adults. Population-based prevention strategies such as tobacco taxes, media campaigns, and smoke-free policies, in concert with clinical cessation interventions, can help adults quit and prevent the uptake of tobacco use, furthering the reduction in the current prevalence of tobacco use in the United States across age groups. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Educational Status, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Poverty, Prevalence, Smoking/economics/epidemiology, Social Class, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
High school students who tried to quit smoking cigarettes--United States, 2007	2009	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 1-May Volume 58 Issue 16 Start Page 428 Other Pages 431 Notes JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 19407736 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm5816a4 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19407736 Abstract In the United States, cigarette use is the leading cause of preventable death, and most adult smokers started before the age of 18 years. Nicotine dependence maintains tobacco use and makes quitting difficult. Despite their relatively short smoking histories, many adolescents who smoke are nicotine dependent, and such dependence can lead to daily smoking. To examine the extent to which high school students had tried to quit smoking cigarettes, CDC analyzed data from the 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a nationally representative survey of students in grades 9-12 in the United States. This report describes the results of that analysis, which found that 60.9% of students who ever smoked cigarettes daily tried to quit smoking cigarettes, and 12.2% were successful. These findings indicate that comprehensive tobacco control programs need to continue to implement community-based interventions that prevent initiation and increase cessation and increase the use of evidence-based cessation strategies for youths. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology, Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data, Students, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tobacco use among middle and high school students--United States, 2002	2003	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 14-Nov Volume 52 Issue 45 Start Page 1096 Other Pages 1098 Notes LR: 20080214; JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 14614406 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm5245a2 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 14614406 Abstract Each day in the United States, approximately 4,400 youths aged 12-17 years try their first cigarette. An estimated one third of these young smokers are expected to die from a smoking-related disease. The National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS), conducted by the American Legacy Foundation, provides estimates of usage among U.S. middle and high school students for various tobacco products (i.e., cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, pipes, bidis [leaf-wrapped, flavored cigarettes from India], and kreteks [clove cigarettes]). This report summarizes tobacco use prevalence estimates from the 2002 NYTS and describes changes in prevalence since 2000. Both tobacco use and cigarette smoking among students in high school (i.e., grades 9-12) decreased by approximately 18% during 2000-2002; however, a decrease among students in middle school (i.e., grades 6-8) was not statistically significant. The lack of progress among middle school students suggests that health officials should improve implementation of proven antismoking strategies and develop new strategies to promote continued declines in youth smoking. Descriptors Adolescent, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Smoking/epidemiology, Students/statistics & numerical data, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tobacco use among middle and high school students--Florida, 1998 and 1999	1999	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 2-Apr Volume 48 Issue 12 Start Page 248 Other Pages 253 Notes LR: 20080214; JID: 7802429; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0149-2195; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 10220252 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 10220252 Abstract Tobacco use is the single leading preventable cause of death in the United States, and an estimated $2 billion is spent annually in Florida to treat disease caused by smoking. Florida appropriated $23 million in fiscal year 1997 and $70 million in fiscal year 1998 to fund the Florida Pilot Program on Tobacco Control to prevent and reduce tobacco use among Florida youth. To determine the prevalence of cigarette, cigar, and smokeless tobacco (i.e., chewing tobacco and snuff) use among Florida middle and high school students in public schools, the Florida Department of Health conducted the Florida Youth Tobacco Survey (FYTS) in February 1998 and February 1999. The purpose of these surveys was to establish baseline parameters and monitor the progress of the pilot program, which began in April 1998. This report summarizes advance data from the surveys, which indicate that, from 1998 to 1999, the percentage of Florida public middle and high school students who smoked cigarettes decreased significantly and that the percentage of middle school students who smoked cigars and used smokeless tobacco products decreased significantly. Descriptors Adolescent, Child, Data Collection, Female, Florida/epidemiology, Humans, Male, Plants, Toxic, Smoking/epidemiology, Students, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Tobacco, Smokeless Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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