WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
The effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking on health outcomes: a systematic review	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Int J Epidemiol Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 39 Issue 3 Start Page 834 Other Pages 57 Notes ID: 20207606 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: There is a need for a comprehensive and critical review of the literature to inform scientific debates about the public health effects of waterpipe smoking. The objective of this study was therefore to systematically review the medical literature for the effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking on health outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review using the Cochrane Collaboration methodology for conducting systematic reviews. We rated the quality of evidence for each outcome using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies were eligible for this review. Based on the available evidence, waterpipe tobacco smoking was significantly associated with lung cancer odds ratio (OR) = 2.12; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32-3.42], respiratory illness (OR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.1-5.1), low birth-weight (OR = 2.12; 95% CI 1.08-4.18) and periodontal disease (OR = 3-5). It was not significantly associated with bladder cancer (OR = 0.8; 95% CI 0.2-4.0), nasopharyngeal cancer (OR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.20-1.23), oesophageal cancer (OR = 1.85; 95% CI 0.95-3.58), oral dysplasia (OR = 8.33; 95% CI 0.78-9.47) or infertility (OR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.0-6.3) but the CIs did not exclude important associations. Smoking waterpipe in groups was not significantly associated with hepatitis C infection (OR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.80-1.21). The quality of evidence for the different outcomes varied from very low to low. CONCLUSION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is possibly associated with a number of deleterious health outcomes. There is a need for high-quality studies to identify and quantify with confidence all the health effects of this form of smoking. Descriptors Neoplasms/epidemiology, Smoking/adverse effects, Cross-Sectional Studies, Culture, Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology, Female, Hepatitis C/epidemiology, Humans, Infertility, Male/epidemiology, Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology, Male, Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology, Odds Ratio, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Risk Factors, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyq002 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Akl,Elie A., Gaddam,Swarna, Gunukula,Sameer K., Honeine,Roland, Jaoude,Philippe Abou, Irani,Jihad Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking among the general and specific populations: a systematic review	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form Volume 11 Issue Start Page 244 Other Pages 244 Notes ID: 21504559 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to systematically review the medical literature for the prevalence of waterpipe tobacco use among the general and specific populations. METHODS: We electronically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the ISI the Web of Science. We selected studies using a two-stage duplicate and independent screening process. We included cohort studies and cross sectional studies assessing the prevalence of use of waterpipe in either the general population or a specific population of interest. Two reviewers used a standardized and pilot tested form to collect data from each eligible study using a duplicate and independent screening process. We stratified the data analysis by country and by age group. The study was not restricted to a specific context. RESULTS: Of a total of 38 studies, only 4 were national surveys; the rest assessed specific populations. The highest prevalence of current waterpipe smoking was among school students across countries: the United States, especially among Arab Americans (12%-15%) the Arabic Gulf region (9%-16%), Estonia (21%), and Lebanon (25%). Similarly, the prevalence of current waterpipe smoking among university students was high in the Arabic Gulf region (6%), the United Kingdom (8%), the United States (10%), Syria (15%), Lebanon (28%), and Pakistan (33%). The prevalence of current waterpipe smoking among adults was the following: Pakistan (6%), Arabic Gulf region (4%-12%), Australia (11% in Arab speaking adults), Syria (9%-12%), and Lebanon (15%). Group waterpipe smoking was high in Lebanon (5%), and Egypt (11%-15%). In Lebanon, 5%-6% pregnant women reported smoking waterpipe during pregnancy. The studies were all cross-sectional and varied by how they reported waterpipe smoking. CONCLUSION: While very few national surveys have been conducted, the prevalence of waterpipe smoking appears to be alarmingly high among school students and university students in Middle Eastern countries and among groups of Middle Eastern descent in Western countries. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Water, Adolescent, Adult, Asia/epidemiology, Australia/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Middle East/epidemiology, Prevalence, United States/epidemiology, Young Adult Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3100253/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-244 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Akl,Elie A., Gunukula,Sameer K., Aleem,Sohaib, Obeid,Rawad, Jaoude,Philippe Abou, Honeine,Roland, Irani,Jihad Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationship between Carboxyhemoglobin Levels and Hematological Values in Sheesha Smokers	1989	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Saudi Med J Periodical, Abbrev. Saudi Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 10 Issue 5 Start Page 372 Other Pages 378 Notes ID: 17036 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The relationships between haemoglobin concentration Hb], haematocrit HCT] and carboxyhaemoglobin COHb] levels were investigated in 186 sheesha, and 155 cigarette smokers and 132 non-smokers. Both mean Hb and HCT values were found to be significantly higher in sheesha smokers of all age groups p<0.001], heavy cigarette smokers aged 40 to 49 years p<0.05] and light plus heavy cigarette smokers aged 50-65 years. Carboxyhaemoglobin levels were higher in sheesha than cigarette smokers. Positive correlations were found between COHb levels and that of HCTvalues in both sheesha and cigarette smokers. In seven out of twelve sheesha smokers investigated, the red cell mass was normal while Plasma volume was decreased in ten subjects. It seems that relative rather than absolute polycythaemia is the rule in sheesha smokers. These findings cast doubt on the extent of the relationship between carbon monoxide and erythrocytosis Descriptors Smoking, Carboxyhemoglobin, Hematologic Tests Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-17036 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al Fayez,Saud F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effect of smoking habit on circulating adipokines in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Ann Nutr Metab Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Nutr.Metab. Pub Date Free Form Volume 52 Issue 4 Start Page 329 Other Pages 34 Notes ID: 18714151 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the well-known inverse association between smoking and body weight, there have been conflicting reports on the association between smoking and adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin. AIM: To determine and compare whether tobacco smoking (cigarettes or sheesha) affects circulating levels of adiponectin and/or influences leptin and leptin receptor (sOb-R) concentrations and free leptin in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: Fasting plasma adiponectin, leptin, sOb-R, glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were determined in 236 subjects grouped as control subjects (n = 53); non-diabetic cigarette smokers (n = 34), non-diabetic sheesha smokers (n = 38), diabetic nonsmokers (n = 75) and diabetic smokers (n = 36). Uni- and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine the associations of these variables with body mass index (BMI) and smoking. RESULTS: When compared to control subjects, smoking cigarettes or sheesha was associated with significantly higher glucose, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lower serum leptin, sOb-R and free leptin. The effects of smoking on BMI, leptin and sOb-R were dose-dependent. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that smoking is a significant determinant of BMI; leptin, sOb-R, free leptin index, adiponectin and LDL-C. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that smoking sheesha does not reduce the metabolic effects of smoking. Smoking may modify leptin receptors and modulate leptin synthesis but the weight-lowering effect may not be related to leptin-induced anorectic signals. Descriptors Adipokines/blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood, Smoking/adverse effects, Smoking/blood, Adiponectin/blood, Adult, Blood Glucose/metabolism, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies, Cholesterol/blood, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Leptin/blood, Lipids/blood, Male, Middle Aged, Receptors, Leptin/blood, Receptors, Leptin/metabolism Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000151487 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al Mutairi,Sana,S., Mojiminiyi,Olusegun A., Shihab-Eldeen,Aida, Al Sharafi,Ahmad, Abdella,Nabila Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
3-Oxo-5-(piperidin-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 1-Dec Volume 67 Issue Pt 12 Start Page o3318 Other Pages Notes LR: 20130228; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC3238968; 2011/10/13 [received]; 2011/11/10 [accepted]; 2011/11/16 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 22199817 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536811047714 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22199817 Abstract In the title compound, C(9)H(12)N(4)O, the piperidine ring adopts a chair conformation and makes a dihedral angle of 42.49 (11) degrees with the approximately planar pyrazole moiety [maximum deviation = 0.038 (2) A]. In the crystal, N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds and a weak C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO inter-action link the mol-ecules into sheets lying parallel to (110). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Adiwish,W. M., Yaacob,W. A., Adan,D., Mohamed Tahir,M. I., Kassim,M. B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20111116 PMCID PMC3238968 Editors
Knowledge, attitude and believes of Nargila (hubble-bubble) smoking in Iraq	2005	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society Periodical, Abbrev. J.Bahrain Med.Soc. Pub Date Free Form 2005/04 Volume 17 Issue 2 Start Page 128 Other Pages 134 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1015-6321 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Aim: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking Nargila. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 200 male smokers from different parts of Iraq. Results: The study showed that the highest rate was among youth aged 20-39 years and negatively correlated with the level of education. The cost ranged between 250-15,000 ID per weak and the average time spent for each smoking was 30 minutes. The study revealed that 90% of the sample prefer Nargila smoking than cigarette, because they believed it is less harmful, due to passage of smoke through water, and more enjoyable. Less than 10% used a disposable tip while the rest shared the same tip with their friends and even with worker responsible for preparing Nargilas. Moreover, about half of the sample declared that they were unwilling to quit from the habit. A Preliminary test of especially manufactured smoking machine showed that the amount of tar and nicotine precipitated from the Nargila smoke might be more than that expected and that declared by manufacturers. Conclusions: The study pointed out the importance of changing the wrong belives knowledge towards Nargila and arrange a suitable health education programme to highlight its harmful effect on the health of smokers. Descriptors nicotine, tar, academic achievement, adult, age distribution, article, attitude, health education, human, Iraq, male, normal human, smoking Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Al-Dabbagh,S., Al-Sinjari,K. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users	2009	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tob Induc Dis Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 5 Issue 1 Start Page 16 Other Pages 16 Notes ID: 20021672 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tobacco cigarette smoking a well-known cause of cancer and other diseases. Hookah smoking is another form of tobacco use that has rapidly spread in the United State and Europe. This study assessed beliefs about the harmfulness of smoking hookah. METHODS: We surveyed hookah users in all cafes that provided hookah to its customers in downtown San Diego, California and nearby areas. A total of 235 hookah users participated in this study. RESULTS: Average age of study participants was 22 years, 57% were males, and 72% were not cigarette smokers. Whites were more likely to use hookah than the other ethnic groups (33%), older hookah users (26-35 years) were mostly males, and mint flavor of hookah tobacco was the most popular among a wide variety of flavors (23%). There was no significant difference in gender in relation to the wrong perception that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes, but those of Asian ethnicity were much less likely than other ethnic groups to believe that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes. More frequent users of hookah were more likely to believe that hookah is less harmful than cigarettes. The majority of hookah users (58.3%) believe hookah is less harmful than cigarette smoking. DISCUSSION: Compared to cigarettes, there appears to be a lack of knowledge about the harmfulness of smoking hookah among users regardless of their demographic background. Education about the harmfulness of smoking hookah and policies to limit its use should be implemented to prevent the spread of this new form of tobacco use. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2806861/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1617-9625-5-16 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Aljarrah,Khaled, Ababneh,Zaid Q., Al-Delaimy,Wael Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The short-term effect of water-pipe smoking on the baroreflex control of heart rate in normotensives	2006	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Auton Neurosci Periodical, Abbrev. Auton.Neurosci. Pub Date Free Form Volume 126-127 Issue Start Page 146 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 16716761 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract UNLABELLED: The aim of this study is to analyse the acute effect of water-pipe smoking on heart rate, blood pressure and the baroreflex control of heart rate. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Non-invasive continuous methods were used for investigating inter-beat interval (IBI; ms), systolic blood pressure (SBP; mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (DBP; mm Hg), pulse pressure (PP; mm Hg), mean blood pressure (MBP; mm Hg); baroreflex sensitivity in ms/mm Hg (BRS) and baroreflex sensitivity in Hz/mm Hg (BRSf), were determined by spectral analysis, in 20 normotensive volunteers age of 27+/-6 years (mean+/-S.D.) who served as their own control. The measurements were taken twice. The first measurement was taken before the water-pipe smoking session (this is after >12 h of smoking cessation with a complete stopping of alcohol, coffee or tea consumption). The second measurement was taken during a 5 min period immediately after that session. (In the smoking session the volunteer smokes 5 g Maassel (fruit flavoured tobacco) for a period of 45 min). RESULTS: The inter-beat interval decreased (846+/-100 to 709+/-109 ms, p=0.0003), SBP increased (110+/-13 to 123+/-12 mm Hg, p=0.004), DBP increased (67+/-11 to 81+/-11 mm Hg, p=0.0002), PP decreased (43+/-10 to 41+/-9 mm Hg, p=0.46 ns), MBP increased (82+/-10 to 95+/-11 mm Hg, p=0.0001), BRS decreased (9.16+/-4 to 5.67+/-3 ms/mm Hg, p=0.003) and BRSf (0.013+/-0.005 to 0.011+/-0.004 Hz/mm Hg, p=0.3 ns). CONCLUSIONS: Water-pipe smoking induced a high increase in heart rate, SBP, DBP, MBP and markedly impaired BRS. All of those markers are known as risk factors in cardiovascular diseases, hence it is concluded that water-pipe smoking is not as harmless as is thought. Descriptors Baroreflex/physiology, Heart Rate/physiology, Smoking/physiopathology, Adult, Baroreflex/drug effects, Blood Pressure/physiology, Heart Rate/drug effects, Humans, Male, Statistics, Nonparametric Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16716761 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Kubati,M., Al-Kubati,A., al'Absi,M., Fiser,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Role of members of university students' unions in tobacco prevention	2007	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Prev Med Hyg Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 48 Issue 4 Start Page 136 Other Pages 40 Notes ID: 18557308 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: In Egypt, each faculty has it own students' union, which represents the students and collaborates in organizing all educational, sporting and social activities. The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the knowledge of members of students' unions about cigarette and Shisha smoking together with assessing their attitudes towards smoking in public places in general and in the university. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of members of Ain Shams University Students' Unions was subjected to an interview questionnaire. All participants were individually interviewed face-to-face by a trained interviewer from March 1, 2005 to April 30, 2005. RESULTS: Our study showed that 34 (31.5%) students were smokers. The mean knowledge score percentage was 79.4 +/- 20.7. Regarding knowledge about Shisha smoking hazards, the majority of the students (84.3%) knew that Shisha smoking is hazardous. The mean attitude score percentage was 56.8 +/- 22.2. Smokers had less mean knowledge as regard smoking hazards compared to non-smokers (p < 0.01). Also, smokers had a lower mean attitude compared to non-smokers (p < 0.001). More than one-third (38.9%) of the interviewed students didn't know if the students' union has a policy for prevention of smoking or not. CONCLUSION: Our findings point that although our students had a moderately high mean knowledge score yet this didn't increase their attitude about the smoking problem in the university and in the community. This supports the notion that, in addition to knowledge about smoking hazards, efforts are needed to change beliefs that allow this offensive habit to continue. Descriptors Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Promotion, Smoking/prevention & control, Social Marketing, Students, Universities, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Egypt, Humans, Male, Organizational Policy, Spain, Questionnaires Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18557308 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Allam,M. F., Abd Elaziz,K.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of current smoking in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full East Mediterr Health J Periodical, Abbrev. East.Mediterr.Health J. Pub Date Free Form Volume 16 Issue 6 Start Page 671 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 20799597 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract All Saudi Arabian residents of the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia aged 30+ years completed a structured interview questionnaire about smoking. The prevalence of current smoking (smoked > 100 cigarettes or any tobacco products including waterpipe in lifetime and still smoking daily or occasionally for 1 month or more) among 196 268 respondents was 16.9% (28.7% among men and 4.5% among women). There was a significantly higher prevalence of smoking at younger ages in men and older ages in women. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that factors independently associated with smoking were lower socioeconomic tatus, lower education, being divorced and occupations such as the military and self-employed. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Educational Status, Female, Focus Groups, Health Surveys, Humans, Income/statistics & numerical data, Logistic Models, Male, Marital Status, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Occupations, Prevalence, Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data, Saudi Arabia/epidemiology, Sex Distribution Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-20799597 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Turki,K., Al-Baghli,N., Al-Ghamdi,A., El-Zubaier,A., Al-Ghamdi,R., Alameer,M. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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