WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
Tobacco use and cessation among Somalis in Minnesota	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Am J Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 35 Issue 6 Start Page S457 Other Pages 62 Notes ID: 19012839 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Somalis compose the largest African refugee group living in the U.S., with more than 10,330 primary arrivals in fiscal year 2006 alone. Half of all Somalis in the U.S. live in Minnesota. Although tobacco use is a considerable problem among Somalis, especially among men, little research has examined factors affecting tobacco use and cessation. METHODS: A sequential exploratory design informed the overall study methodology. Key informant interviews (n=20) and focus group discussions (13 groups; n=91) were conducted with Somali adults and youth in the fall of 2006 and the summer of 2007, respectively. Participants were asked about tobacco-use prevalence, prevention, and cessation, and the marketing of tobacco. RESULTS: Perceived prevalence of tobacco use by Somalis is high at 50%. The main reason for initiating tobacco use was the influence of friends or peer pressure and included other social factors. Prevention and cessation messages suggested by participants include medical advice, education on the negative health effects of tobacco use, religion, and the support of family and friends. Barriers to cessation include lack of insurance coverage, lack of knowledge on where to find assistance, and lack of cessation support groups. Severe social stigma for Somali female smokers poses specific challenges to prevention and intervention efforts. Water-pipe smoking is perceived to be prevalent, particularly among female youth. CONCLUSIONS: Somalis view tobacco use as an important issue in their community. Religious and social support and demographically targeted approaches should be key factors in creating effective prevention and cessation programs and must address water-pipe smoking. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adult, Aged, Female, Focus Groups, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Minnesota/epidemiology, Smoking Cessation/methods, Somalia/ethnology, Urban Population, Young Adult Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.006 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Giuliani,Kristin K. W., Mire,Osman A., Jama,Safiya, Dubois,Diana K., Pryce,Douglas, Fahia,Saeed, Ehrlich,Laura C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Spearfishing to depletion: evidence from temperate reef fishes in Chile	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Ecol Appl Periodical, Abbrev. Ecol.Appl. Pub Date Free Form Volume 20 Issue 6 Start Page 1504 Other Pages 11 Notes ID: 20945755 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Unreliable and data-poor marine fishery landings can lead to a lack of regulatory action in fisheries management. Here we use official Chilean landing reports and non-conventional indicators, such as fishers' perceptions and spearfishing competition results, to provide evidence of reef fishes depletions caused by unregulated spearfishing. Results show that the three largest and most emblematic reef fishes targeted mainly by spearfishers (> 98% of landings) Graus nigra (vieja negra), Semicossyphus darwini (sheephead or pejeperro), and Medialuna ancietae (acha)] show signs of depletion in terms of abundance and size and that overall the catches of reef fishes have shifted from large carnivore species toward smaller-sized omnivore and herbivore species. Information from two snorkeling speargun world championships (1971 and 2004, Iquique, Chile) and from fishers' perceptions shows the mean size of reef fish to be declining. Although the ecological consequences of reef fish depletion are not fully understood in Chile, evidence of spearfishing depleting temperate reef fishes must be explicitly included in policy debates. This would involve bans or strong restrictions on the use of SCUBA and hookah diving gear for spearfishing, and minimum size limits. It may also involve academic and policy discussions regarding conservation and fisheries management synergies within networks of no-take and territorial user-rights fisheries areas, as a strategy for the sustainable management of temperate and tropical reef fisheries. Descriptors Ecosystem, Fisheries, Fishes/physiology, Animals, Anthozoa, Chile, Conservation of Natural Resources, Oceans and Seas Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-20945755 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Godoy,Natalio, Gelcich,L. S., VÃ¡squez,Julio,A., Castilla,Juan Carlos Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Litiasis fosa navicular de uretra	2005	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arch Esp Urol Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Esp.Urol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 58 Issue 10 Start Page 1070 Other Pages 2 Notes ID: 16482860 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language es SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the treatment of the meatus urethral lithiasis. METHODS/RESULTS: A case of a 52 year-old male patient is reported with a big stone in the urethral meatus. Male patient that consults for Micturitional Syndrome, disury and difficully when urinating, in whom felt induration of the glans and observed a water-pipe where the patient urinated. The Diagnoses was made by the observation and the palpation of the glans. It was extracted by meatoplasthy with good results. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of the meatus urethral big lithiasis that causes obstruction is the meatoplasthy. Descriptors Urethral Diseases, Urinary Calculi, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Urethral Diseases/diagnosis, Urethral Diseases/therapy, Urinary Calculi/diagnosis, Urinary Calculi/therapy Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-16482860 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Granados Loarca,Edgar Antonio, Salazar Monterroso,Carlos, Robles,Carlos Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Argileh use among college students in the United States: an emerging trend	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Stud Alcohol Drugs Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 69 Issue 3 Start Page 472 Other Pages 5 Notes ID: 18432392 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence and predictors of argileh (hookah pipe) use among a sample of nonselected college students. METHOD: Participants were 602 students (24% male; 43% white; mean age=22.06) at a large, ethnically diverse, urban university. All participants completed an online survey designed to assess various types of substance use. RESULTS: More than 15% of the sample reported having used argileh at least once in their lifetime, exceeding the percentage of students who had tried stimulants, barbiturates, cocaine, Ecstasy, heroin, or psychedelics. Arab ethnicity and cigarette smoking were the strongest predictors of argileh use; however, a substantial percentage of non-Arabs and nonsmokers also had tried argileh. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that, in comparison with other substances, the prevalence of argileh use is high among college students in the United States. Physical health implications of these findings are discussed. Descriptors Students/statistics & numerical data, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Adult, Arabs/statistics & numerical data, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ethnic Groups/statistics & numerical data, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Smoking/epidemiology, Statistics as Topic, Street Drugs, Students/psychology, Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18432392 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Grekin,Emily R., Ayna,Dinah Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
FÃstula de lÃquido cefalorraquÃdeo y meningitis por herida espinal penetrante con cuerpo extraÃ±o retenido	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Neuroeje Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 23 Issue 1 Start Page 3 Other Pages 5 Notes ID: 581829 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language es SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Las lesiones penetrantes por arma blanca a nivel espinal son relativamente raras. Estas lesiones podrÃan ser fÃ¡cilmente diagnosticadas al examen inicial o podrÃan tener complicaciones tardÃas que son incapacitantes y potencialmente letales. Algunas de estas lesiones requieren tratamiento neuroquirÃºrgico. Se presenta un cso en el cual un paciente con lesiÃ³n penetrante por arma blanca se complicÃ³ tardÃamente con una fÃstula de lÃquido cefalorraquÃdeo y meningitis bacteriana debido a cuerpo extraÃ±o retenido no diagnosticado inicialmente, fragmento de cuchillo. Descriptors Humans, Male, Adult, Wounds and Injuries, Wound Infection, Wounds, Penetrating, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Meningitis/etiology, Costa Rica Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/lil-581829 Book Title Database LILACS; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors GutiÃ©rrez DurÃ¡n,Francisco, Torres RodrÃguez,HÃ©ctor, Padilla Cuadra,Juan Ignacio Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The elaboration of bases of evaluation needed for the purifying of waste water in the fruit and vegetable processing industry	1977	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Fluessiges Obst Periodical, Abbrev. Fluessiges Obst Pub Date Free Form 1977/ Volume 44 Issue 4 Start Page 132 Other Pages 143 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The analysis of waste water which is made to elaborate the phases for an evaluation which will permit the processing of this water is more difficult to make in fruit and vegetable processing plants than in other industrial branches because the continuous change of the raw products which occurs during the year leads to extremely high fluctuations of the quantities and of the composition of the waste water. Because of this it becomes necessary to make analyses during several periods which must be distributed over the whole year, depending on the operating plan of the plant. The most important waste water analyzing operations are the measuring of the waste water quantities and the determination of the physical and chemical composition of this water. It is important that the quantity of the samples which are taken corresponds in proportion to the waste water quantity, this condition must be taken into account if significant results of analysis are to be obtained. It is necessary to make certain preparations in the factory before waste water analyses can be made; the mounting of a device to measure and take samples in the waste water pipe or channel is a part of these preparations. The mobile waste water measuring device used by the 'IWL' (Institute for the Prevention of Pollution of Water and Air) which is equipped with an echo sounding apparatus and which controls simultaneously the automatic sample collecting device has given good results when it was employed during practical operations. The different sorts of waste water resulting from the different productions are polluted to various degrees; sometimes these pollutions are composed partly of fruit and vegetable juices, of carbohydrates and of sugar solutions. The interpretation of the results of analyses of waste water produced by fruit and vegetable processing plants permits to determine certain proportional fluctuations of the waste water composition which are shown by diagram lines indicating the quantities and the degrees of pollution throughout the year. The bases of evaluation according to which the necessary waste water purifying operations are determined are elaborated on the base of the results of measurements and analyses which are obtained during all the analyzing periods; summaries of the daily waste water quantities and of the composition of the pollution as well as summaries of the nutritious matter contained in the waste water which are written in the form of a condensed report of examination are an important part of the mentioned bases of evaluation. Descriptors fruit, methodology, sampling, vegetable processing industry, waste water Links Book Title ERARBEITUNG VON BEMESSUNGSGRUNDLAGEN FUR DIE REINIGUNG VON ABWASSERN DER OBST UND GEMUSEVERARBEITENDEN INDUSTRIE Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Haerig,H. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The acute effects of water-pipe smoking on the cardiorespiratory system	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chest Periodical, Abbrev. Chest Pub Date Free Form Volume 139 Issue 4 Start Page 775 Other Pages 81 Notes ID: 21030492 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: There are limited data on the acute effects of water-pipe tobacco smoking, commonly known as water-pipe smoking (WPS), on cardiopulmonary parameters. This study evaluated the acute effects of a single 30-min session of WPS on carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels, pulmonary function test results, vital signs, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) levels, and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) cytokine levels in volunteers in a domestic, open-air, group smoking setting. METHODS: This prospective study evaluated the above-noted outcome parameters before and after 30 min of WPS. The primary outcome parameter was the change in COHb levels. RESULTS: Forty-five volunteers (30 men, 15 women), aged 32.35 Â± 15.33 years, were recruited. After one session of WPS, the COHb levels rose significantly, from 1.47% Â± 0.57% (median 1.4) to 9.47% Â± 5.52% (median 7.4), P < .001. Systolic and diastolic BP levels significantly increased after smoking (systolic, 119.52 Â± 12.07 mm Hg vs 131.98 Â± 17.8 mm Hg; diastolic, 74.84 Â± 7.89 mm Hg vs 82.98 Â± 12.52 mm Hg, respectively; P < .001). Heart rates increased from 80.39 Â± 9.92 beats/min to 95.59 Â± 17.41 beats/min, P < .001; and respiratory rates increased from 14.36 Â± 1.63 breaths/min to 16.68 Â± 2.24 breaths/min, P < .001. There were decreases in forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC, peak expiratory flow rate, Feno levels, percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood, and 8-isoprostane levels in EBC. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that one session of WPS causes acute biologic changes that might result in marked health problems. It adds to the limited evidence that WPS is harmful and supports interventions to control the continuing global spread of WPS, especially among youth. TRIAL REGISTRY: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT01157832; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Descriptors Blood Pressure/physiology, Cardiovascular System/physiopathology, Forced Expiratory Flow Rates/physiology, Respiratory System/physiopathology, Smoking/adverse effects, Tars/adverse effects, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Respiratory Function Tests, Risk Factors, Tobacco, Young Adult Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.10-1833 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Hakim,Fahed, Hellou,Elias, Goldbart,Aviv, Katz,Rina, Bentur,Yedidia, Bentur,Lea Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Laryngeal findings and acoustic changes in hubble-bubble smokers	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.Arch.Otorhinolaryngol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 267 Issue 10 Start Page 1587 Other Pages 92 Notes ID: 20480370 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the laryngeal findings and acoustic changes in hubble-bubble smokers. A total of 42 subjects with history of hubble-bubble smoking were recruited for this study. A corresponding group with a history of cigarette smoking and controls were matched. All subjects underwent laryngeal video-endostroboscopic evaluation and acoustic analysis. In the hubble-bubble smoking group, 61.9% were males. The average age was 30.02 +/- 9.48 years and the average number of years of smoking was 8.09 +/- 6.45 years. Three subjects had dysphonia at the time of examination. The incidence of benign lesions of the vocal folds in the hubble-bubble group was 21.5%, with edema being the most common at 16.7% followed by cyst at 4.8%. The incidence of laryngeal findings was significantly higher in the hubble-bubble group compared to controls. In the cigarette-smoking group, the most common finding was vocal fold cyst in 14.8% followed by polyps in 7.4%, and edema, sulcus vocalis and granuloma. These findings were not significantly different from the hubble-bubble group except for the thick mucus, which was significantly higher in the latter. There were no significant changes in any of the acoustic parameters between hubble-bubble smokers and controls except for the VTI and MPT, which were significantly lower in the hubble-bubble group. In comparison with the cigarette-smoking group, hubble-bubble smokers had significantly higher Fundamental frequency and habitual pitch (p value 0.042 and 0.008, respectively). The laryngeal findings in hubble-bubble smokers are comparable to cigarette smokers. These laryngeal findings are not translated acoustically, as all the acoustic parameters are within normal range compared to controls. Descriptors Laryngeal Diseases/epidemiology, Larynx/pathology, Larynx/physiopathology, Smoking/adverse effects, Speech Acoustics, Voice Quality, Adult, Aerosols/adverse effects, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Laryngeal Diseases/pathology, Laryngeal Diseases/physiopathology, Male, Stroboscopy, Young Adult Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-010-1273-4 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Hamdan,Abdul-latif, Sibai,Abla, Oubari,Dima, Ashkar,Jihad, Fuleihan,Nabil Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Short term effect of hubble-bubble smoking on voice	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Laryngol Otol Periodical, Abbrev. J.Laryngol.Otol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 125 Issue 5 Start Page 486 Other Pages 91 Notes ID: 21281535 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short term effect of hubble-bubble smoking on voice. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. MATERIAL: Eighteen non-dysphonic subjects (seven men and 11 women) with a history of hubble-bubble smoking and no history of cigarette smoking underwent acoustic analysis and laryngeal video-stroboscopic examination before and 30 minutes after hubble-bubble smoking. RESULTS: On laryngeal video-stroboscopy, none of the subjects had vocal fold erythema either before or after smoking. Five patients had mild vocal fold oedema both before and after smoking. After smoking, there was a slight increase in the number of subjects with thick mucus between the vocal folds (six, vs four before smoking) and with vocal fold vessel dilation (two, vs one before smoking). Acoustic analysis indicated a drop in habitual pitch, fundamental frequency and voice turbulence index after smoking, and an increase in noise-to-harmonics ratio. CONCLUSION: Even 30 minutes of hubble-bubble smoking can cause a drop in vocal pitch and an increase in laryngeal secretions and vocal fold vasodilation. Descriptors Smoking/adverse effects, Speech Acoustics, Vocal Cords/pathology, Voice Disorders/pathology, Voice Quality/drug effects, Adolescent, Adult, Edema/epidemiology, Edema/etiology, Equipment Design, Erythema/epidemiology, Erythema/etiology, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Mucus, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Stroboscopy/methods, Vocal Cords/blood supply, Vocal Cords/physiopathology, Voice Disorders/diagnosis, Voice Disorders/etiology, Young Adult Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022215110003051 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Hamdan,A-L, Sibai,A., Mahfoud,L., Oubari,D., Ashkar,J., Fuleihan,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Global patterns of nicotine and tobacco consumption	2009	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Handb Exp Pharmacol Periodical, Abbrev. Handb.Exp.Pharmacol. Pub Date Free Form Volume Issue 192 Start Page 3 Other Pages 28 Notes ID: 19184644 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Humans consume tobacco in dozens of guises, all of which are toxic; globally, a tenth of deaths among adults are caused by tobacco. Tobacco may be combusted (e.g., cigarettes, bidis, kreteks); heated (e.g., waterpipes, hookah, nargile); or taken orally or nasally (e.g., snuff, betel quid, chewing tobacco). The predominant forms vary among cultures, but the use of cigarettes has grown most dramatically in the past century. While smoking rates among women are comparable to those among men in Europe and North America, in other regions the rate is ten or more times higher among men; this gender gap is closing among young people. Per capita tobacco use in the USA doubled in the first half of the twentieth century, and has since declined to less than the 1900 levels. While cigarettes were only 2% of tobacco consumed in the USA in 1900 (half was chewing tobacco) 50 years later they were over 80%. A similar increase in tobacco consumption, and a shift to cigarettes, has been occurring globally, with a concomitant increase in tobacco-related death and disease that is not expected to peak for another two decades. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Tobacco Use Disorder/history, Tobacco, Adolescent, Age Distribution, History, 15th Century, History, 16th Century, History, 17th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, History, Ancient, History, Medieval, Humans, Sex Distribution, Smoking/history, Tobacco/adverse effects, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Tobacco, Smokeless/adverse effects, Tobacco, Smokeless/history Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69248-5_1 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Hammond,S. K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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