WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort ascending
Water-pipe smoking: A threat never realized	2006	Jawaid, A., Medical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 56 Issue 7 Start Page 341 Other Pages 342 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0030-9982 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors carbon dioxide, nicotine, smoking, disease association, health hazard, human, letter, prevalence, rural population, smoking and smoking related phenomena, socioeconomics, tobacco dependence, urban area, water pipe smoking Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Jawaid,A., Aftab,O. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Waterpipe use predicts progression to regular cigarette smoking among Danish youth	2010		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Subst Use Misuse Periodical, Abbrev. Subst.Use Misuse Pub Date Free Form Volume 45 Issue 8-Jul Start Page 1245 Other Pages 61 Notes ID: 20441461 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Waterpipe smoking among Danish, Swedish, and German youth is increasing dramatically, indicating the emergence of a new health threat. This study assessed the association between waterpipe smoking and progression to regular cigarette smoking among Danish continuation school students during 2004-2005. All participants (N = 762) had smoked cigarettes on a nonregular basis at baseline. Among boys, waterpipe smoking frequency was predictive of being a regular cigarette smoker at follow-up eight months later. Further research should examine waterpipe smoking as a potential predictor of cigarette smoking. The study's limitations are noted. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Denmark/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Program Evaluation, Risk Factors, Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data, Questionnaires, Tobacco Use Disorder, Water Links http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826081003682909 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Jensen,Poul Dengsoe, Cortes,Rikke, Engholm,Gerda, Kremers,Stef, Gislum,Mette Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Investigations of pipe-borne water pollution in Benin city, Nigeria	1980	Dept. Biol. Sci., Univ. Benin	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water, air, and soil pollution Periodical, Abbrev. Water Air Soil Pollut. Pub Date Free Form 1980/ Volume 13 Issue 4 Start Page 425 Other Pages 437 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0049-6979 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Two important environmental parameters could be identified as being the main causes of pipe-borne water contamination in the City of Benin. These are combined effects of rainfall and excessive construction work and, secondly, the lack or inadequacy of plumbing codes. To study the combined effects of rainfall and excessive construction on the contamination of water, samples were tested for total coliform using the multiple-tube fermentation test. Sites were chosen to allow for the comparison of the coliform counts in areas of comparatively insignificant construction to areas of excessive public construction. Results show that in the areas of heavy public construction, the curves for both the rainfall and the coliform counts in the consumer lines were skewed in the same manner. The peak rainfall was in September (437.1 mm), which corresponds to peak coliform number in the consumer lines for both Zone A (62 coliforms/100 ml) and Zone B (60 coliforms/100 ml) for the same month. When compared to the area of insignificant public construction as shown in Zone C, rainfall had little or no effect on the coliform counts either at the pumping station or in the consumer line. The maximum number of coliforms recorded for the consumer line was 5/100 ml during the month of June. Results suggest that the high counts of coliforms in the Benin City water supply could be attributed primarily to the effects of construction which resulted in pipe breakage. During heavy rainfall and flooding, water under flood pressure enters the pipes through cracks, improperly tightened joints and damaged pipes. The improper enforcement of plumbing codes or lack of such codes was also identified as another cause of the water contamination as shown in Zone D. A study of the effects of water pipes passing through septic tank drain fields also shows that such effluents served as another source of major contamination. The highest recorded number for coliforms for the pipe-borne water just before entering the septic tank drain field was 12/100 ml, and after it passed through the field the number had gone up to 60/100 ml. Artificial contamination of the septic tank effluents to try to detect leaks in the water pipes passing through the absorption field was investigated. The bacterial contaminant could be recovered in the pipe-borne water and the quantity was skewed in the same manner as total rainfall between periods of sampling. Descriptors coliform bacterium, geographic distribution, Nigeria, septic tank, sewer, water quality Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors J-Nkanga,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Salinity independent measurement of gas volume fraction in oil/gas/water pipe flows	2000	Johansen, G.A., Department of Physics, University of Bergen, N-5007 Bergen, Norway	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied Radiation and Isotopes Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Radiat.Isot. Pub Date Free Form 2000/11 Volume 53 Issue 5-Apr Start Page 595 Other Pages 601 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0969-8043 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Dual mode densitometry is presented as a novel method of measuring the gas volume fraction in gas/oil/water pipe flows independent of the salinity of the water component. The different response in photoelectric attenuation and Compton scattering to changes in salinity is utilized. The total attenuation coefficient is found through traditional transmission measurements with a detector positioned outside the pipe wall diametrically opposite the source. The scatter response is measured with a second detector positioned somewhere between the source and the transmission detector. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated for homogeneously mixed flows. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. Descriptors oil, petroleum, calibration, compton effect, conference paper, densitometry, flow measurement, gamma radiation, gas flow, petrochemical industry, priority journal, radiation energy, tube Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Johansen,G. A., Jackson,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Plastic cures pipeline leaks	1973	Jones, Jay, Solano Irrigation Dist., Solano County, Calif.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. WATER WASTES ENGNG Pub Date Free Form 1973/10 Volume 10 Issue 10 Start Page 42 Other Pages 43 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract This report demonstrates the effectiveness of reinforced plastic mortar pipes for use as liners in leaking irrigation run off and storm water pipelines. Descriptors environmental health Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Jones,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Synergism in biofilm formation between Salmonella enteritidis and a nitrogen-fixing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae	1997	Jones, K., Division of Biological Sciences, IEBS, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of applied microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Appl.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 1997/ Volume 82 Issue 5 Start Page 663 Other Pages 668 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1364-5072 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A laboratory reactor, which simulates biofilm formation in water pipes, was used to study interactions in biofilm formation between a nitrogen-fixing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella enteritidis. The level of attachment of Salm. enteritidis was higher in the binary biofilm than in the single species biofilm. In the initial colonization phase the binary biofilm contained a much higher proportion of metabolically active cells than in single species biofilms formed by either Salm. enteritidis or Kl. pneumoniae. When a pulse of Salm. enteritidis was passed over an already established biofilm of Kl. pneumoniae it rapidly became integrated into the biofilm, from where it was subsequently released into the water column, along with Kl. pneumoniae. Klebsiella pneumoniae fixed nitrogen in the presence of Salm. enteritidis in both types of biofilm. Descriptors nitrogen, article, biofilm, controlled study, Klebsiella pneumoniae, nitrogen fixation, nonhuman, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Jones,K., Bradshaw,S. B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The distribution of metals in the forest floor of aged conifer stands at a plantation in Northern England	1988	Department of Environmental Science, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YQ	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental Pollution Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Pollut. Pub Date Free Form 1988/ Volume 51 Issue 1 Start Page 31 Other Pages 47 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0269-7491 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The distribution of the elements Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, V and Zn has been examined in the horizons of soils under aged Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) stands at a plantation in Northern England. The stands are under first-generation cultivation and are up to 33 years old. Cadmium, Mn, Pb and Zn concentrations were consistently higher in the organic layers than in the underlying mineral soil. This contrasted with the situation for Sr and V. Cadmium, Pb and Zn all showed an increase in concentration in the L + F horizons with stand age and a corresponding increase in the difference between L + F and H + mineral horizon concentrations. Soil pH declined with increasing stand age. Cadmium, Cr, Pb and Zn were all present at higher concentrations in the F horizon than in any other, while Cu and Ni were relatively constant through all the horizons studied. For all nine elements, the H horizon was the largest store of the three organic layers. Calculated rates of accumulation of Cd, Pb and Zn in the L + F horizons gave good agreement with estimated regional atmospheric deposition rates. In comparison to atmospheric deposition, biological mobilisation and deposition of Cd, Pb and Zn make a relatively minor contribution to the surface soil metal burden. Cadmium appeared to be the most readily leached of these three metals from the forest floor, although some transfer of atmospherically-derived Pb to the H + mineral soil horizons was indicated. Descriptors cadmium, chromium, copper, heavy metal, lead, manganese, nickel, strontium, vanadium, zinc, forest, soil, United Kingdom Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Jones,K. C., Watts,S. A., Harrison,A. F., Dighton,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Emerging tobacco products: hookah use among New Jersey youth	2010		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Volume 51 Issue 5 Start Page 394 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 20817023 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: A national surveillance system to track hookah use by adolescents does not exist. A growing body of evidence suggests that high school-aged students are experimenting with this form of tobacco. This study adds to the current literature by providing prevalence estimates and factors associated with hookah use among New Jersey high school students. METHOD: This study explores factors associated with hookah use using 2008 NJYTS data. The 2008 NJYTS was a self-reported, paper-and-pencil, cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 3010 high school students. RESULTS: 9.7% of NJ high school students are current hookah users. Predictors of hookah use included those who identified as Asian, concurrent tobacco users, perceiving that cigars are safer than cigarettes, or perceiving that smoking looks cool. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hookah use, higher likelihood of concurrent tobacco use among hookah users, and misperceptions of safety and popularity of hookah among NJ adolescents are cause for concern and action. The development and regular implementation of standardized hookah prevalence questions into our national and state surveillance systems, as well as targeted, state-specific youth education and prevention activities are essential to thwart this growing public health concern. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, New Jersey/epidemiology, Population Surveillance, Self Report, Smoking/trends Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.08.016 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Jordan,Heather M., Delnevo,Cristine D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
One solution to the arsenic problem: A return to surface (improved dug) wells	2006	Wilson, R., Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition Periodical, Abbrev. J.Health Popul.Nutr. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 24 Issue 3 Start Page 363 Other Pages 375 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1606-0997 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Arsenic contamination in drinking-water in Bangladesh is a major catastrophe, the consequences of which exceed most other man-made disasters. The national policy encourages the use of surface water as much as possible without encountering the problems of sanitation that led to the use of groundwater in the first place. This paper describes the success of the Dhaka Community Hospital (DCH) team and the procedure in implementing sanitary, arsenic-free, dugwells. The capital cost for running water is US$ 5-6 per person. Sixty-six sanitary dugwells were installed in phases between 2000 and 2004 in Pabna district of Bangladesh where there was a great need of safe water because, in some villages, 90% of tubewells were highly contaminated with arsenic. In total, 1,549 families now have access to safe arsenic-free dugwell water. Some of them have a water-pipe up to their kitchen. All of these were implemented with active participation of community members. They also pay for water-use and are themselves responsible for the maintenance and water quality. The DCH helped the community with installation and maintenance protocol and also with monitoring water quality. The bacteria levels are low but not always zero, and studies are in progress to reduce bacteria by chlorination. Â© 2006 International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. Descriptors arsenic, fresh water, article, Bangladesh, chemistry, consumer, cost benefit analysis, economics, filtration, health, human, methodology, microbiology, standard, water management, water pollutant, water supply Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Joya,S. A., Mostofa,G., Yousuf,J., Islam,A., Elahi,A., Mahiuddin,G., Rahman,M., Qaumruzzaman,Q., Wilson,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tsetse ecology in a Liberian rain-forest focus of Gambian sleeping sickness.	1987	Kaminsky, R., Institut fÃ¼r Pflanzenbau and Tierhygiene in den Tropen und Subtropen, UniversitÃ¤t GÃ¶ttingen.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Medical and veterinary entomology Periodical, Abbrev. Med.Vet.Entomol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 1 Issue 3 Start Page 257 Other Pages 264 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0269-283X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Investigations on tsetse ecology were undertaken in Bong County of Liberia during the dry season, October 1981 to February 1982, around villages where the human infection rate with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Dutton was about 2%. Most tsetse captured in biconical traps were Glossina palpalis Robineau-Desvoidy and G. pallicera Bigot, with relatively few G. fusca Walker and G. nigrofusca Newstead. Swamps and water-gathering places were predominant habitats of all four species, but tsetse were also found in coffee and cocoa plantations. Breeding-places of G. palpalis were found in the leaf axils of oilpalm trees (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin), especially beside paths where people would risk being bitten. Bloodmeals of twenty-nine wild-caught G. palpalis were identified as mostly from man (fifteen) and bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus (Pallas] or other wild ruminants (eleven), plus three from reptiles. It is concluded that man may be the principal host of tsetse in the area, while man or bushbuck could be the main reservoir to T.b. gambiense infection. Most of the activity of G. palpalis occurs in the early afternoon from noon to 16.00 hours. Mean life-span of G. palpalis and G. pallicera, estimated from wing-fray age-groups, was consistent with the females, and to a lesser degree the males, having vector potential. Descriptors rain, African trypanosomiasis, animal, article, disease carrier, disease transmission, female, Liberia, male, physiology, tropic climate, Trypanosoma, Glossinidae Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Kaminsky,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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