WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Updating the minimal important difference for six-minute walk distance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	2010	School of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia. a.holland@alfred.org.au	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Phys.Med.Rehabil. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 91 Issue 2 Start Page 221 Other Pages 225 Notes LR: 20101118; CI: Copyright 2010; JID: 2985158R; 2009/08/05 [received]; 2009/10/12 [revised]; 2009/10/19 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1532-821X; 0003-9993 Accession Number PMID: 20159125 Language eng SubFile Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.10.017 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20159125 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To establish the minimal important difference (MID) for the six-minute walk distance (6MWD) in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN: Analysis of data from an observational study using distribution- and anchor-based methods to determine the MID in 6MWD. SETTING: Outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program at 2 teaching hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five patients with COPD (44 men) in a stable clinical state with mean age 70 years (SD 9 y), forced expiratory volume in one second 52% (SD 21%) predicted and baseline walking distance 359 meters (SD 104 m). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants completed the six-minute walk test before and after a 7-week pulmonary rehabilitation program. Participants and clinicians completed a global rating of change score while blinded to the change in 6MWD. RESULTS: The mean change in 6MWD in participants who reported themselves to be unchanged was 17.7 meters, compared with 60.2 meters in those who reported small change and 78.4 meters in those who reported substantial change (P=.004). Anchor-based methods identified an MID of 25 meters (95% confidence interval 20-61 m). There was excellent agreement with distribution-based methods (25.5-26.5m, kappa=.95). A change in 6MWD of 14% compared with baseline also represented a clinically important effect; this threshold was less sensitive than for absolute change (sensitivity .70 vs .85). CONCLUSIONS: The MID for 6MWD in COPD is 25 meters. Absolute change in 6MWD is a more sensitive indicator than percentage change from baseline. These data support the use of 6MWD as a patient-important outcome in research and clinical practice. Descriptors Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cohort Studies, Exercise Test, Exercise Tolerance/physiology, Female, Forced Expiratory Volume, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Predictive Value of Tests, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology/rehabilitation, Self-Assessment, Walking/physiology Links Book Title Database Publisher American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Holland,A. E., Hill,C. J., Rasekaba,T., Lee,A., Naughton,M. T., McDonald,C. F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Electronic cigarettes in Canada: prevalence of use and perceptions among youth and young adults	2014	School of Public Health & Health Systems University of Waterloo. cczoli@uwaterloo.ca.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique Periodical, Abbrev. Can.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form 3-Feb Volume 105 Issue 2 Start Page e97 Other Pages e102 Notes GR: Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; JID: 0372714; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/07/03 [received]; 2014/01/18 [accepted]; 2014/01/09 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1920-7476; 0008-4263 Accession Number PMID: 24886856 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24886856 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to examine the prevalence and perceptions of electronic cigarette use among Canadian youth and young adults. METHODS: A sample of 1,188 youth and young adults age 16-30 years were recruited from an online panel of Canadians in 2012. After viewing an image of an e-cigarette, respondents answered questions regarding their use and perceptions of e-cigarettes. RESULTS: Close to half of respondents (43.4%) had seen e-cigarettes advertised or for sale. A total of 16.1% reported trying an e-cigarette (5.2% nonsmokers, 18.9% former smokers, and 34.5% current smokers), and 5.7% reported use in the past 30 days (0.8% non-smokers, 1.4% former smokers, and 15.0% current smokers). Compared to non-smokers, former smokers and current smokers were more likely to have tried e-cigarettes (OR=4.25 and OR=9.84, respectively), and current smokers were more likely to have tried e-cigarettes than former smokers (OR=2.32). Current smokers were also more likely to be current users of e-cigarettes than both former smokers (OR=15.15) and non-smokers (OR=4.43). Smokers were interested in trying e-cigarettes to help them quit smoking (80.4%), as a long-term replacement for cigarettes (77.8%), or to use in places where they cannot smoke (80.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Awareness of e-cigarettes among surveyed youth and young adults is quite high. Almost one fifth (16.1%) of participants reported trying e-cigarettes, with evidence of use among non-smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Czoli,C.D., Hammond,D., White,C.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140203 PMCID Editors
The association between senior student tobacco use rate at school and alternative tobacco product use among junior students in Canadian secondary schools	2014	School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.; School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco induced diseases Periodical, Abbrev. Tob Induc Dis. Pub Date Free Form 1-May Volume 12 Issue 1 Start Page 8 Other Pages 9625-12-8. eCollection 2014 Notes LR: 20140512; JID: 101201591; OID: NLM: PMC4012246; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014 [ecollection]; 2014/04/02 [received]; 2014/04/25 [accepted]; 2014/05/01 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2070-7266; 1617-9625 Accession Number PMID: 24808817 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1186/1617-9625-12-8 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24808817 Abstract BACKGROUND: The use of alternative tobacco products (ATPs) has grown in popularity among Canadian youth. This study examined the association between a school-level characteristic (the senior student tobacco use rate) and the current use of manufactured cigarettes, little cigars or cigarillos, cigars, roll-your-own cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (SLT), and a hookah among junior students. METHODS: This study used nationally representative Canadian data from 29,495 students in grades 9 to 12 as part of the 2010/2011 Youth Smoking Survey. For each ATP, we described rates of senior and junior tobacco use, calculated the variance attributed to school-level factors, and examined the association between the senior student (grades 11 and 12) tobacco use rate and the current use of each ATP among junior students (grades 9 and 10) while accounting for relevant student-level characteristics. SAS 9.3 was used for all analyses. RESULTS: Over half of schools sampled had senior students that reported using each ATP. School-level differences accounted for between 14.1% and 29.7% of the variability in ATP current use among junior students. Each one percent increase in the number of senior students at a school that currently use manufactured cigarettes, SLT, or a hookah was significantly independently associated with an increased likelihood that a junior student at that school currently used manufactured cigarettes (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.06), SLT (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24), or a hookah (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.14). CONCLUSIONS: Characteristics of the school environment a junior student attends appear to play an important role in ATP use, and tobacco control programs and policies should be designed to ensure that they include strategies to curb the use of all tobacco products. Additional evidence is needed for the impact of comprehensive school-based tobacco control approaches. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cole,A.G., Leatherdale,S.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140501 PMCID PMC4012246 Editors
Changes in tobacco use, susceptibility to future smoking, and quit attempts among Canadian youth over time: a comparison of off-reserve Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal youth	2013	School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. sleather@uwaterloo.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental research and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form 21-Feb Volume 10 Issue 2 Start Page 729 Other Pages 741 Notes LR: 20150219; JID: 101238455; OID: NLM: PMC3635174; 2012/12/05 [received]; 2013/01/17 [revised]; 2013/01/29 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1660-4601; 1660-4601 Accession Number PMID: 23429753 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3390/ijerph10020729 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23429753 Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a growing inequity in tobacco use, susceptibility to future smoking, and quit attempts among Off-Reserve Aboriginal (ORA) youth in Canada relative to Non-Aboriginal youth. Current smoking, susceptibility to future smoking and quit attempts were examined among a nationally representative sample of ORA and Non-Aboriginal Canadian youth. Data are from cross-sectional surveys of 88,661 respondents in Grades 6 to 9 across the 2004, 2006 and 2008 survey waves of the Youth Smoking Survey (YSS). At each wave, ORA youth were more likely to be current smokers (overall OR = 3.91, 95% CI 3.47 to 4.41), to be susceptible to future smoking (overall OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.48), and less likely to have ever made a quit attempt compared to Non-Aboriginal youth (overall OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.96). Although susceptibility to future smoking declined for Non-Aboriginal youth, the prevalence of susceptibility remained stable among ORA youth. The percentage of ORA youth reporting making a quit attempt increased, however, current smoking rates among ORA youth did not decline. These findings suggest that the disparity in susceptibility to future tobacco use among ORA and Non-Aboriginal youth has increased over time. Despite increased rates of quit attempts, current smoking rates remain significantly higher among ORA youth. Tobacco control programs for Aboriginal youth should be a public health priority. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Elton-Marshall,T., Leatherdale,S.T., Burkhalter,R., Brown,K.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130221 PMCID PMC3635174 Editors
Roll-your-own tobacco use among Canadian youth: is it a bigger problem than we think?	2012	School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3G1. sleather@uwaterloo.ca	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 27-Jul Volume 12 Issue Start Page 557 Other Pages 2458-12-557 Notes LR: 20150224; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC3434020; 2012/03/26 [received]; 2012/07/03 [accepted]; 2012/07/27 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 22834563 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-557 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22834563 Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the apparent decline in the popularity of roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes over the past few decades, RYO tobacco products are widely available and used by a substantial number of adult smokers. Considering research has yet to examine the prevalence of RYO tobacco use among youth populations, this manuscript examines the prevalence of RYO tobacco use and factors associated with RYO use in a nationally representative sample of youth smokers from Canada. METHODS: This study used data collected from 3,630 current smokers in grades 9 to 12 as part of the 2008-09 Canadian Youth Smoking Survey (YSS). Descriptive analyses of the sample demographic characteristics, smoking status, cigarettes per day, weekly spending money, and frequency of marijuana use were examined by RYO tobacco ever use and RYO tobacco current use. Two logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with RYO tobacco ever use and RYO tobacco current use. RESULTS: We identified that 51.2% of current smokers were RYO ever users and 24.2% were RYO current users. The prevalence of RYO current users was highest in Atlantic Canada (40.1%) and lowest in Quebec (12.3%). RYO current users were more likely to be male (OR 1.27), to be daily smokers (OR 1.75), to use marijuana once a month or more (OR 2.74), and to smoke 11 or more cigarettes per day (OR 6.52). RYO current users were less likely to be in grade 11 (OR 0.65) or grade 12 (OR 0.40) and less likely to have between $20 to $100 (OR 0.44) or more than $100 (OR 0.45) of disposable income. CONCLUSIONS: Developing a better understanding of RYO tobacco use among youth is important for advancing population-level tobacco control prevention strategies and cessation programs. We identified that RYO tobacco use is not a negligible problem among Canadian youth. Ongoing research is needed to continue monitoring the prevalence of RYO use among youth and the factors associated with its use, but to also monitor if this more affordable tobacco product is being targeted to price sensitive youth smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Leatherdale,S.T., Burkhalter,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120727 PMCID PMC3434020 Editors
Are experimental smokers different from their never-smoking classmates? A multilevel analysis of Canadian youth in grades 9 to 12	2014	School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.; School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Propel Centre for Population Health Impact, University of Waterl	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chronic diseases and injuries in Canada Periodical, Abbrev. Chronic Dis.Inj.Can. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 34 Issue 3-Feb Start Page 121 Other Pages 131 Notes JID: 101556266; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1925-6523; 1925-6515 Accession Number PMID: 24991775 Language eng; fre SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24991775 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Understanding the characteristics of experimental smoking among youth is critical for designing prevention programs. This study examined which student- and school-level factors differentiated experimental smokers from never smokers in a nationally representative sample of Canadian students in grades 9 to 12. METHODS: School-level data from the 2006 Canadian Census and one built environment characteristic (tobacco retailer density) were linked with data from secondary school students from the 2008-2009 Canadian Youth Smoking Survey and examined using multilevel logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Experimental smoking rates varied across schools (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kaai,S.C., Manske,S.R., Leatherdale,S.T., Brown,K.S., Murnaghan,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Use of Conventional and Alternative Tobacco and Nicotine Products Among a Sample of Canadian Youth	2015	School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.; School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: dhammond@uwaterloo.ca.; Propel Centre for Po	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adolesc.Health Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 57 Issue 1 Start Page 123 Other Pages 125 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; GR: 53893/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; GR: MOP-114875/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; GR: OOP-110788/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; JID: 9102136; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/01/29 [received]; Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1879-1972; 1054-139X Accession Number PMID: 25937469 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.006 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25937469 Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the use of conventional and alternative tobacco and nicotine products among secondary school students. METHODS: Respondents were 44,163 grade 9-12 students who participated in Year 2 (2013-2014) of COMPASS, a cohort study of 89 purposefully sampled secondary schools in Ontario and Alberta, Canada. Past-month use of various tobacco and nicotine products was assessed, as well as correlates of use, using a generalized linear mixed effects model. RESULTS: Overall, 21.2% of the sample reported past-month use of any tobacco or nicotine product, with 7.2% reporting past-month use of e-cigarettes. E-cigarette users reported significantly greater prevalence of current use for all products. Students who were male, white, had more spending money, and had a history of tobacco use were more likely to report past-month use of e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one fifth of youth reported past-month use of a nicotine product, with e-cigarettes being the third most common product. Overall, the findings suggest a rapidly evolving nicotine market. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Czoli,C.D., Hammond,D., Reid,J.L., Cole,A.G., Leatherdale,S.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150428 PMCID Editors
Awareness and Use of South Asian Tobacco Products Among South Asians in New Jersey	2016	School of Public Health Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 335 George Street, Suite 2100, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. mary.hrywna@sph.rutgers.edu.; School of Public Health Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 335 George Street, Suite	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of community health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Community Health Pub Date Free Form 2-Jun Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160812; GR: P30 CA008748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 CA164913/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7600747; OTO: NOTNLM; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1573-3610; 0094-5145 Accession Number PMID: 27256410 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1007/s10900-016-0208-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27256410 Abstract South Asians are the third largest Asian group in the US and among the fastest growing racial groups in New Jersey. Tobacco consumption among South Asians is characterized by several smoked and smokeless tobacco products indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. However, there is a paucity of research on tobacco use behaviors among South Asians in the US. The goal of this study was to examine the awareness and use of South Asian tobacco products such as bidis, gutkha, paan, paan masala, and zarda as well as other potentially carcinogenic products such as supari, their context of use, and their cultural significance among South Asians living in the US. Eight focus groups were conducted with South Asian adults living in Central New Jersey. Overall, participants were aware of a wide variety of foreign and American tobacco products with older South Asians identifying a greater variety of indigenous products compared to younger South Asians. Hookah was consistently recognized as popular among the younger generation while products such as paan or paan masala were more commonly identified with elders. Use of tobacco-related products such as paan and supari were described as common at social gatherings or after meals. In addition, light or social users of South Asian tobacco products, including products not consistently defined as tobacco, may not report tobacco use on a survey. Better understanding of the use of these products among South Asians and how some may classify tobacco usage can inform future research and public health interventions in these communities. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hrywna,M., Jane Lewis,M., Mukherjea,A., Banerjee,S.C., Steinberg,M.B., Delnevo,C.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160602 PMCID Editors
Clearing the air: improving smoke-free policy compliance at the national oncology hospital in Armenia	2014	School of Public Health, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia. nmovsesi@aua.am.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC cancer Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Cancer Pub Date Free Form 13-Dec Volume 14 Issue Start Page 943 Other Pages 2407-14-943 Notes LR: 20151028; JID: 100967800; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC4320561; 2014/08/04 [received]; 2014/12/08 [accepted]; 2014/12/13 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2407; 1471-2407 Accession Number PMID: 25495431 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2407-14-943 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25495431 Abstract BACKGROUND: Smoke-free policies shown to reduce population exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) are the norm in hospitals in many countries around the world. Armenia, a transition economy in the South Caucasus, has one of the highest male smoking rates in the European region. Although smoking in healthcare facilities has been banned since 2005, compliance with this ban has been poor due to lack of implementation and enforcement mechanisms and social acceptability of smoking. The study aimed to develop and test a model intervention to address the lack of compliance with the de jure smoking ban. The national oncology hospital was chosen as the intervention site. METHODS: This study used employee surveys and objective measurements of respirable particles (PM2.5) and air nicotine as markers of indoor air pollution before and after the intervention. The intervention developed in partnership with the hospital staff included an awareness campaign on SHS hazards, creation of no-smoking environment and building institutional capacity through training of nursing personnel on basics of tobacco control. The survey analysis included paired t-test and McNemar's test. The log-transformed air nicotine and PM2.5 data were analyzed using paired t-test. RESULTS: The survey showed significant improvement in the perceived quality of indoor air, reduced worksite exposure to SHS and increased employees' awareness of the smoke-free policy. The number of employees reporting compliance with the hospital smoke-free policy increased from 36.0% to 71.9% (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Movsisyan,N.K., Petrosyan,V., Harutyunyan,A., Petrosyan,D., Stillman,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141213 PMCID PMC4320561 Editors
Prevalence and determinants of susceptibility to cigarette smoking among school students in Pakistan: secondary analysis of Global Youth Tobacco Survey	2014	School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, OJHA Campus, SUPARCO road, Gulzar e Hijri, Karachi, Pakistan. kashif.shafique@glasgow.ac.uk.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy Periodical, Abbrev. Subst.Abuse Treat.Prev.Policy. Pub Date Free Form 21-Feb Volume 9 Issue Start Page 10 Other Pages 597X-9-10 Notes LR: 20150515; JID: 101258060; OID: NLM: PMC3936926; 2013/11/04 [received]; 2014/02/18 [accepted]; 2014/02/21 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1747-597X; 1747-597X Accession Number PMID: 24555481 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1186/1747-597X-9-10 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24555481 Abstract BACKGROUND: Susceptibility to smoke has been recognized as a strong predictor of smoking experimentation and taking up regular smoking habit. The identification of smoking susceptible individuals and its determinants is important in the efforts to reduce future smoking prevalence. The aims of this study are to estimate prevalence of susceptibility to smoke among adolescents, and identify factors associated with it. METHODS: Cross sectional data was obtained from Global Youth Tobacco Survey conducted in three cities of Pakistan in year 2004. Study population consisted of students in grades, 8th, 9th, and 10th; aged 13 to 15 years. Secondary analysis using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the associations between smoking susceptibility and co-variates. Descriptive statistics were reported in proportions, and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to report logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Approximately 12% of nonsmoking students were found susceptible to smoking. Students, who were females (OR = 1.53, 95% CI [1.24-1.89]); whose parents (OR = 1.64, 95% CI [1.35-1.99]); or close friend smoked (OR = 2.77, 95% CI [2.27- 3.40]) were more susceptible to cigarette smoking. Students who had good knowledge about harmful effects of smoking (OR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.43-0.69]); and had access to anti-smoking media (OR = 0.73, 95% CI [0.59-0.89]) were less likely to be susceptible to smoking. CONCLUSION: Students who were females, had smoking parents, friends or exposure to newspaper/magazines cigarette marketing, were more susceptible to cigarette smoking among Pakistani adolescents. While knowledge of harmful effects of smoking and access to anti-smoking media served as protective factors against susceptibility to smoking. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Aslam,S.K., Zaheer,S., Rao,S., Shafique,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140221 PMCID PMC3936926 Editors

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