WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
The influence of menthol, e-cigarettes and other tobacco products on young adults' self-reported changes in past year smoking	2016	Center for Tobacco Studies, Rutgers School of Public Health, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.; The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, American Legacy Foundatio	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 25 Issue 5 Start Page 571 Other Pages 574 Notes LR: 20160822; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; GR: R01 CA149705/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United Stat Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 26243809 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052325 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26243809 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Progression to regular smoking often occurs during young adulthood. This study examines self-reported changes in past year smoking among young adults and the potential influence of tobacco products on these trajectories. METHODS: Respondents to the 2011 National Young Adult Health Survey who smoked 100 cigarettes in their lifetime (n=909) described smoking behaviour at the time of the survey and 1 year prior. Cigarette smoking trajectories were categorised as: no change, quit, decreased smoking or increased smoking. Participants were also asked about current use of menthol cigarettes and other tobacco products (ie, cigars, smokeless tobacco, hookah) and ever use of e-cigarettes. RESULTS: Most young adults (73.1%) reported stable cigarette smoking behaviours, while 8.2% reported having quit, 5.8% reported that they smoke on fewer days, 5% progressed from someday to daily smoking and 8% increased from not at all to current smoking. The youngest smokers (18-20) had significantly higher odds (adjusted OR (AOR) =2.6) of increasing cigarette use over the past year compared to those aged 30-34, as did blacks versus whites (AOR=2.35). Menthol cigarette use nearly doubled (AOR=1.87) the odds of increased smoking behaviour. E-cigarette and other tobacco product (OTP) use were not associated with increasing smoking but OTP use was negatively associated with remaining quit from cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Young adulthood is a critical period for smoking interventions, particularly among those most vulnerable to increasing smoking behaviours (ie, black and younger young adults). Policy efforts to restrict menthol cigarettes may reduce young adult smoking progression. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Delnevo,C.D., Villanti,A.C., Wackowski,O.A., Gundersen,D.A., Giovenco,D.P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150804 PMCID PMC4740271 Editors
The influence of prices on youth tobacco use in India	2014	Moody's Analytics, West Chester, PA;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 16 Suppl 1 Issue Start Page S24 Other Pages 9 Notes JID: 9815751; 2013/06/06 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 23743096 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntt041 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23743096 Abstract INTRODUCTION: The tobacco epidemic has been rapidly spreading in many of the poorer nations of the world, including India. Although studies assessing the impact of prices on youth smoking in countries such as the United States are abundant, comparable research on Indian youth has been largely unavailable due to lack of data at the national level. This study aims to bridge this disparity in tobacco research. METHODS: We used data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey, a national survey among 73,356 youth of age 13-15 years in India, to estimate the price elasticity of tobacco use among Indian youth for three tobacco products: cigarettes, bidi, and gutka. RESULTS: Higher prices can be an effective deterrent to youth tobacco use, irrespective of the form of tobacco. Among the products considered, bidis have the highest price elasticity of participation (-2.70), followed by gutka (0.58) and cigarettes (-0.40). In gender-specific analyses, girls have significantly higher participation price elasticities than boys. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that fiscal measures to increase the price of tobacco products would be effective in curbing the tobacco epidemic in India. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Joseph,R.A., Chaloupka,F.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130606 PMCID Editors
The integration of family planning and childhood immunization services in Togo	1994	Population Council, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Studies in family planning Periodical, Abbrev. Stud.Fam.Plann. Pub Date Free Form May-Jun Volume 25 Issue 3 Start Page 176 Other Pages 183 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 7810364; OID: PIP: 096937; OID: POP: 00231327; OTO: PIP; GN: PIP: TJ: STUDIES IN FAMILY PLANNING.; ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0039-3665; 0039-3665 Accession Number PMID: 7940622 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM; J DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7940622 Abstract Improvements in the constellation of services in the African context are largely addressed through attaining better measures of service integration, which can be achieved through improved referral across categories of health programs. The use of an unobtrusive referral message that linked family planning and the Expanded Program of Immunizations (EPI) services was tested in an operations research study in Togo. The introduction of the referral message was accompanied by an 18-percent increase in awareness of available family planning services and an increase in the average monthly number of new family planning clients of 54 percent. These positive results indicate that the use of referral can have a significant and dramatic impact on family planning services in a relatively short time. In Togo, no evidence existed of a negative impact on EPI services, and a majority of the EPI providers reported satisfaction with the effect of the referral message at the close of the study.; PIP: Quality of care is currently construed to mean matching population needs with service provision. Improvements in African services are valued when there is a constellation of multiple services provided in a fixed center. In Togo, a simple intervention was developed to link childhood immunization and family planning services. Before immunizing each child, the service provider would make 3 family planning statements to the child's mother. The statements were salient and easy to remember: "Madame, your child is still young, and you should be concerned about having another pregnancy too soon." "This clinic provides family planning services that can help you delay your next pregnancy." And, "You should visit the family planning services after the immunization today for more information." Clinic staff were trained in a day and a half orientation session. The referral message was evaluated with a quasi-experimental design. Impact was measured in terms of knowledge of family planning methods and availability of family planning in the clinic, intention to use a contraceptive method, and the history of contraceptive use. 16 urban and rural clinics were involved. The sample included 1000 randomly selected women who has just had their children immunized. The pretest was conducted in January, 1992, and the post test was conducted in August, 1992, 6 months after the intervention in the study. Service statistics were also collected from 9 months prior to the intervention until September, 1992. Pretest and post test women were similar demographically. Recall levels were also similar. The results indicated that control group persons did not show any change in their awareness of family service availability in the clinic. The increase in the study group was from 40% to 58%. Differences between awareness in the control and study groups was 8% before the intervention and 22% after. Women desiring a longer birth-spacing period were more likely to be aware of service availability. The mean number of acceptors in the study group increased significantly from 200 to 307; average monthly number of family planning users also increased significantly from 1035 to 1311, which was a significant difference from control group users. Both groups showed significant increases in number of vaccines administered monthly in the study period. Descriptors Child Health Services/organization & administration, Child, Preschool, Family Planning Services/organization & administration/utilization, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Immunization, Interinstitutional Relations, Operations Research, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Program Evaluation, Referral and Consultation/organization & administration, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Togo, Africa, Africa South Of The Sahara, Communication, Communication Programs, Comparative Studies, Data Collection, Delivery Of Health Care, Developing Countries, Family Planning, Family Planning Programs, French Speaking Africa, Health, Health Services, Integrated Programs, Interviews, Knowledge, Organization And Administration, Pre-post Tests, Primary Health Care, Program Activities, Programs, Referral And Consultation, Research Methodology, Research Report, Service Statistics, Studies, Western Africa Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Huntington,D., Aplogan,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The lead content in teeth as a maker of environmental exposure to lead	2002	Kuchenbecker, D., Inst. fur Arbeitsmed./Sozialmedizin, UniversitÃ¤t Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arbeitsmedizin Sozialmedizin Umweltmedizin Periodical, Abbrev. Arbeitsmed.Sozialmed.Umweltmed. Pub Date Free Form 2002/ Volume 37 Issue 8 Start Page 388 Other Pages 393 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0944-6052 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the lead concentration in teeth is influenced by the lead content of the material of drinking water pipes. Collective and method: The lead contents of 235 permanent teeth extracted from 190 inhabitants of Leipzig aged 16-93 years, some of whom had lived in houses with water pipes containing lead from birth, were determined with a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. Results: The lead levels in tooth roots were in the range from 0.5 to 31.1 Î¼g/g dry weight (median 7.0 Î¼g/g). Significant differences were found in the lead concentrations in teeth between people living in houses with water pipes containing lead and those in houses without. Furthermore, the lead content depends on the age of the patient. The tooth lead of younger adults (aged 16-40 years) without additional lead exposure was in the range from 0.5 to 4.6 Î¼g/g dry weight (median 2.2 Î¼g/g), the range for the tooth lead of older dental patients (aged 61-93 years) was found to be from 6.6 to 6.8 Î¼g/g dry weight (median 6.7 Î¼g/g). In the case of patients living in houses with water pipes containing lead, the median lead concentrations in teeth were 7.2 Î¼g/g for younger adults and 14.5 Î¼g/g for older adults. Conclusions: Both previous occupational exposure to lead and non-occupational exposure can be detected in teeth many years after the end of exposure. Descriptors drinking water, lead, adolescent, adult, aged, article, atomic absorption spectrometry, environmental exposure, heavy metal poisoning, household, human, lead poisoning, major clinical study, tooth extraction, water contamination Links Book Title Bleigehalt in zÃ¤hnen als marker einer umweltbedingten bleibelastung Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Kuchenbecker,D., Schaffernicht,H., Raddatz,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The lifestyle habits and wellbeing of physicians in Bahrain: a cross-sectional study	2015	Arab Medical Center, Amman, Jordan. Saifborgan@yahoo.com.; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland- Medical University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 15503, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain. gjassim@rcsi-mub.com.; Salmaniya Medic	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 14-Jul Volume 15 Issue Start Page 655 Other Pages 015-1969-x Notes LR: 20150719; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC4499902; 2014/12/15 [received]; 2015/06/25 [accepted]; 2015/07/14 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 26170021 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/s12889-015-1969-x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26170021 Abstract BACKGROUND: Lifestyle habits of physicians are of paramount importance both because they influence the physician's own health and because these habits have been shown to affect patients' care. There is limited information on physician health and lifestyle habits in Bahrain. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study design, an anonymous self-administered questionnaire that assesses wellbeing and lifestyle habits was distributed to a random sample of 175 out of 320 primary health care physicians in Bahrain. Descriptive analyses were performed, and the variables were cross-tabulated using SPSS version 20.0. RESULTS: 152 physicians agreed to participate in the study. Respondents were 67.1% female with a mean age of 45 (SD = 10). The majority were of Bahraini nationality. The most prevalent reported health conditions were hyperlipidaemia (25.5%), hypertension (20.3%), and diabetes (11.0%). Only 29.6% of physicians reported performing >/= 30 min of exercise in a usual week. Of physicians exercising >/= 30 min weekly, only 13% exercised >/= 5 days weekly. 98.0% report never drinking, 1.3% report previously drinking, and 0.7% report drinking less than once weekly. The average body mass index (BMI) was 27.8 (SD = 5), with 39% of physicians being overweight and 33% obese. BMI was directly associated with sleep time (P0.027, r(2) = 0.034), age (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Borgan,S.M., Jassim,G.A., Marhoon,Z.A., Ibrahim,M.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150714 PMCID PMC4499902 Editors
The London low emission zone baseline study	2011	School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK. frank.kelly@kcl.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Research report (Health Effects Institute) Periodical, Abbrev. Res.Rep.Health Eff.Inst. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume -163 Issue 163 Start Page 3 Other Pages 79 Notes JID: 8812230; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Metals); 0 (Nitrogen Oxides); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1041-5505; 1041-5505 Accession Number PMID: 22315924 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22315924 Abstract On February 4, 2008, the world's largest low emission zone (LEZ) was established. At 2644 km2, the zone encompasses most of Greater London. It restricts the entry of the oldest and most polluting diesel vehicles, including heavy-goods vehicles (haulage trucks), buses and coaches, larger vans, and minibuses. It does not apply to cars or motorcycles. The LEZ scheme will introduce increasingly stringent Euro emissions standards over time. The creation of this zone presented a unique opportunity to estimate the effects of a stepwise reduction in vehicle emissions on air quality and health. Before undertaking such an investigation, robust baseline data were gathered on air quality and the oxidative activity and metal content of particulate matter (PM) from air pollution monitors located in Greater London. In addition, methods were developed for using databases of electronic primary-care records in order to evaluate the zone's health effects. Our study began in 2007, using information about the planned restrictions in an agreed-upon LEZ scenario and year-on-year changes in the vehicle fleet in models to predict air pollution concentrations in London for the years 2005, 2008, and 2010. Based on this detailed emissions and air pollution modeling, the areas in London were then identified that were expected to show the greatest changes in air pollution concentrations and population exposures after the implementation of the LEZ. Using these predictions, the best placement of a pollution monitoring network was determined and the feasibility of evaluating the health effects using electronic primary-care records was assessed. To measure baseline pollutant concentrations before the implementation of the LEZ, a comprehensive monitoring network was established close to major roadways and intersections. Output-difference plots from statistical modeling for 2010 indicated seven key areas likely to experience the greatest change in concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (at least 3 microg/m3) and of PM with an aerodynamic diameter Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kelly,F., Armstrong,B., Atkinson,R., Anderson,H.R., Barratt,B., Beevers,S., Cook,D., Green,D., Derwent,D., Mudway,I., Wilkinson,P., HEI Health Review Committee Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The LWDS-10J: reliability and validity of the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale among university students in Jordan	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine Tob Res Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 16 Issue 7 Start Page 915 Other Pages 22 Notes ID: 24571810 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: While the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale (LWDS-11) has shown promise in assessing dependence on waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) in Lebanon among adult users, it would be valuable to identify WTS addiction earlier and to explore reliability and validity of these items in other populations. METHODS: In 2010-2012, we conducted a multiyear survey of 5,853 students from 4 Jordanian universities. We measured WTS, sociodemographic data, and the LWDS-11 items. We conducted exploratory factor analysis with half of the sample and confirmed the resulting model using confirmatory factor analysis with the other half. We examined construct validity with regression models assessing associations between the modified scale and 5 constructs conceptually expected to be associated with dependence. RESULTS: WTS rates were 35% in the past 30 days and 56% ever. Principal-components analysis of LWDS items in the first half of the sample yielded 10 items representing 3 factors labeled physical dependence, relaxation/pleasure, and social aspects. Cronbach's Î± was .77 for the total scale and was .75, .70, and .67 for each individual subscale. Confirmatory factor analysis in a structural equation modeling framework confirmed good fit (root mean squared error of approximation = 0.068, and comparative fit index = 0.937). Dependence according to the resulting scale (LWDS-10J) was strongly associated with each of the 5 expected constructs, whether the dependent variable was treated as categorical or continuous. CONCLUSIONS: The LWDS-11 items exhibited a different factor structure in our sample. However, the modified scale (LWDS-10J) showed promising reliability and construct validity in this population. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Primack,Brian A., Khabour,Omar F., Alzoubi,Karem H., Switzer,Galen E., Shensa,Ariel, Carroll,Mary V., Azab,Mohammed, Eissenberg,Thomas Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide in healthy smokers and non-smokers	2004	Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty of Firat University, Elazig 23119, Turkey. drfigen@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Respiratory medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Respir.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 98 Issue 6 Start Page 551 Other Pages 556 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8908438; 0 (Smoke); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0954-6111; 0954-6111 Accession Number PMID: 15191041 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15191041 Abstract The measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) level may provide an immediate, non-invasive method of assessing smoking status. The aims of this study were to use a portable CO monitor to compare the exhaled CO levels in established smokers and non-smokers. The exhaled CO levels were measured in 322 subjects (243 healthy smokers, 55 healthy non-smokers, 24 passive smokers) who applied to healthy stand during the spring student activity of Firat University in Elazig. Exhaled CO concentration was measured using the EC50 Smokerlyser. The mean exhaled CO level was 17.13+/-8.50 parts per million (ppm) for healthy smokers and 3.61+/-2.15 ppm for healthy non-smokers, and 5.20+/-3.38 ppm for passive smokers. There were significant positive correlation between CO levels and daily cigarette consumption, and CO levels and duration of smoking in healthy smokers (r=+0.550, P<0.001, r=+0.265, P<0.001, respectively. Spearman's test). When smokers and non-smokers were looked at as a whole, a cutoff of 6.5 ppm had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 83%. In conclusion, exhaled CO level provides an easy, an immediate way of assessing a subject's smoking status. Descriptors Adult, Analysis of Variance, Breath Tests, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Female, Humans, Male, Smoke/analysis, Smoking/metabolism, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Deveci,S. E., Deveci,F., Acik,Y., Ozan,A. T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The mediating role of cytokine IL-6 on the relationship of FEV(1) upon 6-minute walk distance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	2014	Department of Pneumology, Scientific Institute of Montescano, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation IRCCS, Montescano, Pavia, Italy.; School of Psychology, Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand.; Department of Pneumology, Scientific Institute of Montescano,	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Chron.Obstruct Pulmon Dis. Pub Date Free Form 7-Oct Volume 9 Issue Start Page 1091 Other Pages 1099 Notes LR: 20151119; ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01253941; JID: 101273481; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (IL6 protein, human); 0 (Inflammation Mediators); 0 (Interleukin-6); OID: NLM: PMC4199845; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014 [ecollection]; 2014/10/07 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication New Zealand ISSN/ISBN 1178-2005; 1176-9106 Accession Number PMID: 25336940 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.2147/COPD.S57845 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25336940 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To explore the mediating role of protein interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the relationship between forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and, further, to determine whether status variables (such as age, sex, and body mass index [BMI]) operate as moderators of this mediation relationship. DESIGN: Moderated mediation model. SETTING: An inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation center in Italy. PARTICIPANTS: All 153 patients involved in the screening of a randomized controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01253941) were included in this study. All patients were Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stages I-IV and were aged 70.1+/-9.1 years. MEASUREMENTS: At run-in phase of the protocol, clinical and functional screening included BMI, fasting plasma levels of protein (IL-6), spirometry, and standardized 6-minute walking test, measured at the start of the respiratory rehabilitation program. METHODS: The size of the indirect effect of the initial variable (FEV1) upon the outcome variable (6MWD) through the intervening variable (IL-6) was computed and tested for statistical significance. Moderated mediation analyses were subsequently conducted with age, sex, and BMI. RESULTS: FEV1 averaged 53.4%+/-21.2%, and 6MWD 66.4%+/-41.3% of predicted. Median protein IL-6 was 6.68 pg/mL (interquartile range: 5.96). A bootstrapped mediation test supported the predicted indirect pathway (P=0.003). The indirect effect through IL-6 log units accounted for 17% of the total effect between FEV1 and 6MWD. Age functioned as a significant moderator of the mediational pattern. For individuals aged 70 years it was not significant (0.04, 95% CI: -0.010 to 0.142, P=0.10). CONCLUSION: This moderated mediation result based on concurrent data suggests, but does not prove, a causal role of systemic inflammatory syndrome on progression from functional impairment to "frailty" status and substantial disability in aging chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Baldi,S., Jose,P.E., Bruschi,C., Pinna,G.D., Maestri,R., Rezzani,A., Bellinzona,E., Fracchia,C., Dacosto,E., Crotti,P., Montemartini,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141007 PMCID PMC4199845 Editors
The medical consequences ofÂ narghile (hookah, shisha) use inÂ theÂ world	2007	Chaouachi, K., Maisonneuve et Larose, DÃ©partement des auteurs, 75005 Paris, France	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Revue d'epidemiologie et de sante publique Periodical, Abbrev. Rev.Epidemiol.Sante Publ. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 55 Issue 3 Start Page 165 Other Pages 170 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0398-7620 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: Hookah (narghile, shisha) smoking is growing worldwide and particularly in France. The main reasons for this are: first, the arrival on the market of new highly flavored tobacco-based mixtures; second, a new type of charcoal used as a quick heating source; third, the pleasure to experiment with an exotic orientalist practice or the desire to return to the corresponding tradition; fourth, the belief that water filtration would lower the risk of smoking. Methods andÂ results: Long-term epidemiological data on complications are scarce. Little is known about qualitative and quantitative transformations occurring when hookah is smoked (in particular regarding carcinogenic agents). Such information will be difficult to collect due to the lack of standardization for this mode of tobacco use. The only current consensus on this issue is that a significant amount of carbon monoxide is produced by the charcoal used to heat and distil the tobacco-molasses mixture. Apart from direct inhalation, concentrations measured in some fashionable hookah lounges and bars are particularly high. Moreover, the additives contained in the widely used quick-lighting charcoals and their harmlessness remain unknown. Conclusion: This study sets out the available scientific knowledge regarding the real medical consequences related to the growing use of hookah and focuses on the best known and urgent issue, i.e. concern related to carbon monoxide intoxication in a very peculiar context. Â© 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. Descriptors carcinogen, charcoal, drug additive, molasses, article, smoking, consensus, health hazard, heating, hookah smoking, human, smoking habit, standardization Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Chaouachi,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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