WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Social Media Use for Public Health Campaigning in a Low Resource Setting: The Case of Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking	2015	Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London W6 8RP, UK.; Poole, UK.; Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8RP, UK.; Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Leba	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BioMed research international Periodical, Abbrev. Biomed.Res.Int. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2015 Issue Start Page 562586 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150816; JID: 101600173; OID: NLM: PMC4529915; 2014/11/21 [received]; 2015/01/12 [revised]; 2015/01/19 [accepted]; 2015/07/26 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2314-6141 Accession Number PMID: 26273631 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1155/2015/562586 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26273631 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking prevalence is increasing worldwide despite its documented health effects. A general belief that it is less harmful than cigarettes may be fuelled by the lack of media campaigns highlighting its health effects. We aimed to create and assess the impact of a social media campaign about dangers of waterpipe smoking. METHODS: The "ShishAware" campaign included three social media (Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube) and a website. Nine months after launch we collected data to assess use of, and reaction to, our media accounts. RESULTS: Requiring limited maintenance resources, Facebook attracted campaign supporters but YouTube attracted opposers. Twitter enabled the most organisation-based contact but Facebook was the most interactive medium. Facebook users were more likely to "like" weekday than weekend statuses and more likely to comment on "shisha fact" than "current affairs" statuses. Follower subscription increased as our posting rate increased. Our YouTube video gained 19,428 views (from all world continents) and 218 comments (86% from pro-waterpipe smokers). CONCLUSIONS: Social media campaigns can be created and maintained relatively easily. They are innovative and have the potential for wide and rapid diffusion, especially towards target audiences. There is a need for more rigorous evaluation of their effects, particularly among the youth. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jawad,M., Abass,J., Hariri,A., Akl,E.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150726 PMCID PMC4529915 Editors
Impact of Waterpipe Tobacco Pack Health Warnings on Waterpipe Smoking Attitudes: A Qualitative Analysis among Regular Users in London	2015	Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith W6 8RP, UK ; Academic Unit of Primary Care and Population Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire SO16 6YD, UK.; School of Medicine and Dentistry, Barts	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BioMed research international Periodical, Abbrev. Biomed.Res.Int. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2015 Issue Start Page 745865 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150816; JID: 101600173; OID: NLM: PMC4529913; 2014/12/08 [received]; 2015/02/18 [revised]; 2015/02/25 [accepted]; 2015/07/26 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2314-6141 Accession Number PMID: 26273642 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1155/2015/745865 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26273642 Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the rise in prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking, it has received little legislative enforcement from governing bodies, especially in the area of health warning labels. METHODS: Twenty regular waterpipe tobacco smokers from London took part in five focus groups discussing the impact of waterpipe tobacco pack health warnings on their attitudes towards waterpipe smoking. We presented them with existing and mock waterpipe tobacco products, designed to be compliant with current and future UK/EU legislation. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Participants felt packs were less attractive and health warnings were more impactful as health warnings increased in size and packaging became less branded. However, participants highlighted their lack of exposure to waterpipe tobacco pack health warnings due to the inherent nature of waterpipe smoking, that is, smoking in a cafe with the apparatus already prepacked by staff. Health warnings at the point of consumption had more reported impact than health warnings at the point of sale. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe tobacco pack health warnings are likely to be effective if compliant with existing laws and exposed to end-users. Legislations should be reviewed to extend health warning labels to waterpipe accessories, particularly the apparatus, and to waterpipe-serving premises. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jawad,M., Bakir,A., Ali,M., Grant,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150726 PMCID PMC4529913 Editors
Assessment of occupational exposure to BTEX compounds at a bus diesel-refueling bay: A case study in Johannesburg, South Africa	2015	School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, WITS, 2050, South Africa. Electronic address: Raeesa.Moolla@wits.ac.za.; School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Science of the total environment Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form 15-Dec Volume 537 Issue Start Page 51 Other Pages 57 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 0330500; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Volatile Organic Compounds); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); 6WAC1O477V (4-xylene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); Z2474E14QP (2-xylene); OTO: NOTNL Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-1026; 0048-9697 Accession Number PMID: 26282739 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.122 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26282739 Abstract Of increasing concern is pollution by volatile organic compounds, with particular reference to five aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and two isomeric xylenes; BTEX). These pollutants are classified as hazardous air pollutants. Due to the potential health risks associated with these pollutants, BTEX concentrations were monitored at a bus diesel-refueling bay, in Johannesburg, South Africa, using gas chromatography, coupled with a photo-ionization detector. Results indicate that o-xylene (29-50%) and benzene (13-33%) were found to be the most abundant species of total BTEX at the site. Benzene was within South African occupational limits, but above international occupational exposure limits. On the other hand, occupational concentrations of toluene, ethyl-benzene and xylenes were within national and international occupational limits throughout the monitoring period, based on 8-hour workday weighted averages. Ethyl-benzene and p-xylene concentrations, during winter, correspond to activity at the site, and thus idling of buses during refueling may elevate results. Overall, occupational air quality at the refueling bay is a matter of health concern, especially with regards to benzene exposure, and future reduction strategies are crucial. Discrepancies between national and international limit values merit further investigation to determine whether South African guidelines for benzene are sufficiently precautionary. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Moolla,R., Curtis,C.J., Knight,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150814 PMCID Editors
Association of Electronic Cigarette Use With Initiation of Combustible Tobacco Product Smoking in Early Adolescence	2015	Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles2Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Jama Periodical, Abbrev. JAMA Pub Date Free Form 18-Aug Volume 314 Issue 7 Start Page 700 Other Pages 707 Notes LR: 20160302; GR: F31 DA039708/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50 CA180905/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50-CA180905/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA026831/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA033296/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1538-3598; 0098-7484 Accession Number PMID: 26284721 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; AIM; IM DOI 10.1001/jama.2015.8950 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26284721 Abstract IMPORTANCE: Exposure to nicotine in electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is becoming increasingly common among adolescents who report never having smoked combustible tobacco. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether e-cigarette use among 14-year-old adolescents who have never tried combustible tobacco is associated with risk of initiating use of 3 combustible tobacco products (ie, cigarettes, cigars, and hookah). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Longitudinal repeated assessment of a school-based cohort at baseline (fall 2013, 9th grade, mean age = 14.1 years) and at a 6-month follow-up (spring 2014, 9th grade) and a 12-month follow-up (fall 2014, 10th grade). Ten public high schools in Los Angeles, California, were recruited through convenience sampling. Participants were students who reported never using combustible tobacco at baseline and completed follow-up assessments at 6 or 12 months (N = 2530). At each time point, students completed self-report surveys during in-classroom data collections. EXPOSURE: Student self-report of whether he or she ever used e-cigarettes (yes or no) at baseline. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Six- and 12-month follow-up reports on use of any of the following tobacco products within the prior 6 months: (1) any combustible tobacco product (yes or no); (2) combustible cigarettes (yes or no), (3) cigars (yes or no); (4) hookah (yes or no); and (5) number of combustible tobacco products (range: 0-3). RESULTS: Past 6-month use of any combustible tobacco product was more frequent in baseline e-cigarette ever users (n = 222) than never users (n = 2308) at the 6-month follow-up (30.7% vs 8.1%, respectively; difference between groups in prevalence rates, 22.7% [95% CI, 16.4%-28.9%]) and at the 12-month follow-up (25.2% vs 9.3%, respectively; difference between groups, 15.9% [95% CI, 10.0%-21.8%]). Baseline e-cigarette use was associated with greater likelihood of use of any combustible tobacco product averaged across the 2 follow-up periods in the unadjusted analyses (odds ratio [OR], 4.27 [95% CI, 3.19-5.71]) and in the analyses adjusted for sociodemographic, environmental, and intrapersonal risk factors for smoking (OR, 2.73 [95% CI, 2.00-3.73]). Product-specific analyses showed that baseline e-cigarette use was positively associated with combustible cigarette (OR, 2.65 [95% CI, 1.73-4.05]), cigar (OR, 4.85 [95% CI, 3.38-6.96]), and hookah (OR, 3.25 [95% CI, 2.29-4.62]) use and with the number of different combustible products used (OR, 4.26 [95% CI, 3.16-5.74]) averaged across the 2 follow-up periods. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among high school students in Los Angeles, those who had ever used e-cigarettes at baseline compared with nonusers were more likely to report initiation of combustible tobacco use over the next year. Further research is needed to understand whether this association may be causal. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Leventhal,A.M., Strong,D.R., Kirkpatrick,M.G., Unger,J.B., Sussman,S., Riggs,N.R., Stone,M.D., Khoddam,R., Samet,J.M., Audrain-McGovern,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4771179 Editors
Reduced Efficiency of Chlorine Disinfection of Naegleria fowleri in a Drinking Water Distribution Biofilm	2015	Microbiology and Immunology, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia , 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.; Water for a Healthy Country Flagship, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, C	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental science & technology Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Sci.Technol. Pub Date Free Form 15-Sep Volume 49 Issue 18 Start Page 11125 Other Pages 11131 Notes JID: 0213155; 0 (Disinfectants); 0 (Drinking Water); 4R7X1O2820 (Chlorine); 2015/09/02 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1520-5851; 0013-936X Accession Number PMID: 26287820 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1021/acs.est.5b02947 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26287820 Abstract Naegleria fowleri associated with biofilm and biological demand water (organic matter suspended in water that consumes disinfectants) sourced from operational drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) had significantly increased resistance to chlorine disinfection. N. fowleri survived intermittent chlorine dosing of 0.6 mg/L for 7 days in a mixed biofilm from field and laboratory-cultured Escherichia coli strains. However, N. fowleri associated with an attached drinking water distribution biofilm survived more than 30 times (20 mg/L for 3 h) the recommended concentration of chlorine for drinking water. N. fowleri showed considerably more resistance to chlorine when associated with a real field biofilm compared to the mixed laboratory biofilm. This increased resistance is likely due to not only the consumption of disinfectants by the biofilm and the reduced disinfectant penetration into the biofilm but also the composition and microbial community of the biofilm itself. The increased diversity of the field biofilm community likely increased N. fowleri's resistance to chlorine disinfection compared to that of the laboratory-cultured biofilm. Previous research has been conducted in only laboratory scale models of DWDSs and laboratory-cultured biofilms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating how N. fowleri can persist in a field drinking water distribution biofilm despite chlorination. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Miller,H.C., Wylie,J., Dejean,G., Kaksonen,A.H., Sutton,D., Braun,K., Puzon,G.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150902 PMCID Editors
Health-care Provider Screening and Advice for Smoking Cessation Among Smokers With and Without COPD: 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey	2016	Carter Consulting, Inc, contractor to Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Electronic address: gschauer@cdc.gov.; Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Pr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chest Periodical, Abbrev. Chest Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 149 Issue 3 Start Page 676 Other Pages 684 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 0231335; CIN: Chest. 2016 Mar;149(3):617-8. PMID: 26965965; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/01/12 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1931-3543; 0012-3692 Accession Number PMID: 26291388 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 10.1378/chest.14-2965 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26291388 Abstract BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is the predominant cause of COPD. Quitting can prevent development of and complications from COPD. The gold standard in clinician delivery of smoking cessation treatments is the 5As (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange). This study assessed prevalence and correlates of self-reported receipt of the 5A strategies among adult smokers with and without COPD. METHODS: Data were analyzed from 20,021 adult past-year cigarette smokers in the 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative telephone survey of US adults 18 years of age and older. Past-year receipt of the 5As was self-reported by participants who saw a clinician in the past year. Logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of receipt of each of the 5As by COPD status, adjusted for sociodemographic and smoking characteristics. RESULTS: Among smokers, those with COPD were more likely than those without COPD to report being asked about tobacco use (95.4% vs 85.8%), advised to quit (87.5% vs 59.4%), assessed for readiness to quit (63.8% vs 37.9%), offered any assistance to quit (58.6% vs 34.0%), and offered follow-up (14.9% vs 5.2%). In adjusted logistic regression models, those with COPD were significantly more likely than those without COPD to receive each of the 5As. CONCLUSIONS: Health professionals should continue to prioritize tobacco cessation counseling and treatment to smokers with COPD. Increased system-level changes and insurance coverage for cessation treatments could be used to improve the delivery of brief tobacco cessation counseling to all smokers, regardless of COPD status. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American College of Chest Physicians Data Source Authors Schauer,G.L., Wheaton,A.G., Malarcher,A.M., Croft,J.B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160112 PMCID Editors
Perceptions of the US National Tobacco Quitline Among Adolescents and Adults: A Qualitative Study, 2012-2013	2015	Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8100, Saint Louis, MO 63110. Email: waterse@wudosis.wustl.edu.; Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.; Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.; Was	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventing chronic disease Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Chronic Dis. Pub Date Free Form 20-Aug Volume 12 Issue Start Page E131 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160317; GR: P50 CA95815-09S1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 CA175571-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U54 CA153460/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101205018; OID: NLM: PMC4556101; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-1151; 1545-1151 Accession Number PMID: 26292062 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.5888/pcd12.150139 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26292062 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tobacco quitlines are critical components of comprehensive tobacco control programs. However, use of the US National Tobacco Quitline (1-800-QUIT-NOW) is low. Promoting quitlines on cigarette warning labels may increase call volume and smoking cessation rates but only if smokers are aware of, and receptive to, quitline services. METHODS: We conducted qualitative interviews with a diverse subset (n = 159) of adolescent (14-17 y) and adult (>/=18 y) participants of a larger quantitative survey about graphic cigarette warning labels (N = 1,590). A convenience sample was recruited from schools and community organizations in 6 states. Interviews lasted 30 to 45 minutes and included questions to assess basic knowledge and perceptions of the quitline number printed on the warning labels. Data were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: Four themes were identified: available services, caller characteristics, quitline service provider characteristics, and logistics. Participants were generally knowledgeable about quitline services, including the provision of telephone-based counseling. However, some adolescents believed that quitlines provide referrals to "rehab." Quitline callers are perceived as highly motivated - even desperate - to quit. Few smokers were interested in calling the quitline, but some indicated that they might call if they were unable to quit independently. It was generally recognized that quitline services are or should be free, confidential, and operated by governmental or nonprofit agencies, possibly using tobacco settlement funds. CONCLUSION: Future marketing efforts should raise awareness of the nature and benefits of quitline services to increase use of these services and, consequently, reduce tobacco use, improve public health, and reduce tobacco-related health disparities. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Waters,E.A., McQueen,A., Caburnay,C.A., Boyum,S., Sanders Thompson,V.L., Kaphingst,K.A., Kreuter,M.W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150820 PMCID PMC4556101 Editors
Electronic cigarette use in young people in Great Britain 2013-2014	2015	Public Health England, London, United Kingdom; Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Brian.Eastwood@phe.gov.uk.; Public Health England, London, United Kingd	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Public health Periodical, Abbrev. Public Health Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 129 Issue 9 Start Page 1150 Other Pages 1156 Notes CI: Crown Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 0376507; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/02/09 [received]; 2015/07/06 [revised]; 2015/07/13 [accepted]; 2015/08/17 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1476-5616; 0033-3506 Accession Number PMID: 26293814 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.07.009 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26293814 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The recent growth in the market for electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has led to concerns over their use by young people. It is therefore important to examine trends in the perception and use of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes in this group. STUDY DESIGN: Two-wave cross-sectional survey design. METHODS: Young people aged 11-18 in Great Britain were surveyed online by YouGov in 2013 and 2014. Use of e-cigarettes, together with perceived health harms and intention to use were assessed and compared in relation to cigarette smoking history, age and gender. RESULTS: Ever-use of e-cigarettes increased significantly from 4.6% (95% CI 3.8-5.7) in 2013 to 8.2% (95% CI 7.0-9.6) in 2014. Monthly or more use of e-cigarettes increased from 0.9% (95% CI 0.5-1.5) to 1.7 (1.2-2.4), but remained rare in never-smokers at under 0.2%. The proportion of young people who perceived e-cigarettes to be less harmful to users than cigarettes fell from 73.4% (95% CI 71.0-75.8) to 66.9% (95% CI 64.5-69.2), while the proportion who considered e-cigarettes to cause similar levels of harm increased from 11.8% (95% CI 10.0-13.5) to 18.2% (95% CI 16.3-20.1). Of the 8.2% of e-cigarette ever-users in 2014, 69.8% (95% CI 62.2%-77.3%) had smoked a cigarette prior to using an e-cigarette, while 8.2% (95% CI 4.1%-12.2%) first smoked a cigarette after e-cigarette use. CONCLUSIONS: A growing proportion of young people in Great Britain believe e-cigarettes are as harmful as smoking tobacco. Use of e-cigarettes by young people is increasing, but is largely confined to those who smoke. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Eastwood,B., Dockrell,M.J., Arnott,D., Britton,J., Cheeseman,H., Jarvis,M.J., McNeill,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150817 PMCID Editors
Tobacco Use and Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke among Urban Residents: A Community-Based Investigation	2015	Changchun Health Education Centre, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China. arui1103@126.com.; Editorial Office of Journal of Jilin University Medicine Edition, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China. hanhz@jlu.edu.cn.; Changchun Institute of Health Supervision, Changchun	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental research and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form 18-Aug Volume 12 Issue 8 Start Page 9799 Other Pages 9808 Notes LR: 20150902; JID: 101238455; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC4555312; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/07/21 [received]; 2015/08/05 [revised]; 2015/08/13 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1660-4601; 1660-4601 Accession Number PMID: 26295250 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3390/ijerph120809799 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26295250 Abstract OBJECTIVES: In 2005, China acceded to the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), the foundation for the global fight against tobacco. Certain cities in China have established local regulations to control tobacco use ahead of national policy; however, without the enforcement of statutory law, some of these regulations are merely lip service. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of city policy on smoking prevalence and on second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure status among non-smokers in Changchun City. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey covering a multiple-stage, representative sample of the urban population aged >/=15 years was conducted between 1 Dec 2013 and 31 Jan 2014. The WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the questionnaires used, which included demographic characteristics, smoking behaviors and SHS exposure status. RESULTS: Overall cigarette smoking prevalence was 23.5%; daily cigarette smoking prevalence was 21.2%. Smoking prevalence and cigarettes consumed per day was higher among men (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Xu,Z., Han,H., Zhuang,C., Zhang,C., Zhao,P., Yao,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150818 PMCID PMC4555312 Editors
Predictors of cessation in smokers suspected of TB: Secondary analysis of data from a cluster randomized controlled trial	2015	Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, G22 Charles Thackrah Building, 101 Clarendon Road, LS2 9LJ Leeds, UK. Electronic address: h.elsey@leeds.ac.uk.; ARRC, Heslington, University	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Oct Volume 155 Issue Start Page 128 Other Pages 133 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 7513587; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/05/08 [received]; 2015/08/04 [revised]; 2015/08/05 [accepted]; 2015/08/10 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 26297296 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.002 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26297296 Abstract BACKGROUND: Smoking cessation services are rarely found within health services in low income countries. Given the interactions between Tuberculosis (TB) and tobacco, including cessation support within TB programs offers a promising cost-effective solution. We conducted secondary analysis of data from a cluster randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation in health centers in Pakistan to identify predictors of continuous and short-term abstinence in smokers suspected of TB using cigarettes or hookah. METHODS: Predictor variables of those continuously abstinent at 5 and 25 weeks post quit-date (continuous abstinence) and those abstinent only at 5 weeks (short-term abstinence) were compared with those who continued smoking and with each other. Self-reported abstinence at both time points was confirmed biochemically. RESULTS: Data obtained from 1955 trial participants were analyzed. The factors that predicted continued smoking when compared to continuous abstinence were: being older RR 0.97 (0.95 to 0.98), smoking higher quantities of tobacco RR 0.975 (0.97 to 0.98) and sharing a workplace with other smokers RR 0.88 (0.77 to 0.99). Those with a confirmed TB diagnosis were more likely to remain continuously abstinent than those without RR 1.27 (1.10-1.47). CONCLUSIONS: Those diagnosed with TB are more likely to be abstinent than those diagnosed with other respiratory conditions. Beyond this, predictors of continued smoking in Pakistan are similar to those in high income contexts. Taking advantage of the 'teachable moment' that a TB diagnosis provides is an efficient means for resource-poor TB programs in low income settings to increase tobacco cessation and improve health outcomes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Elsey,H., Dogar,O., Ahluwalia,J., Siddiqi,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150810 PMCID Editors

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