WTS database

Title Sort ascending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Charcoal burning as a source of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in waterpipe smoking	2013		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Environ Sci Health B Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Sci.Health B. Pub Date Free Form Volume 48 Issue 12 Start Page 1097 Other Pages 102 Notes ID: 24007487 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) content from seven commercial waterpipe charcoals were determined during the smoking process to estimate how much PAHs would not be trapped by the water trap and could reach the lungs of the smokers. Naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene and fluoranthene were the most abundant PAH compounds produced during smoking. Naphthalene was the highest in all of the smoke contents and levels of 5 to 405 Âµg/15 minutes could be inhaled by the smoker. The amounts of PAHs produced during the smoking events in absence of tobacco varied greatly among different brands of charcoal. The amount and composition of the emitted PAH were not related to the amount and composition of the original chemicals in the charcoal prior to burning. Our findings suggest that public health agencies should regulate smoked charcoal products alongside tobacco. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2013.824300 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Nguyen,Thao, Hlangothi,Duma, Martinez,Raul A., Jacob,Durelle, Anthony,Kevin, Nance,Herb, Saleh,Mahmoud A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterizing the followers and tweets of a marijuana-focused Twitter handle	2014	Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. rehgp@psychiatry.wustl.edu.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 27-Jun Volume 16 Issue 6 Start Page e157 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150805; GR: K01DA025733/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K02 DA021237/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: KL2 RR024994/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; GR: KL2 RR024994/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; GR: KL2 TR000450/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; G Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 24974893 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.3247 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24974893 Abstract BACKGROUND: Twitter is a popular social media forum for sharing personal experiences, interests, and opinions. An improved understanding of the discourse on Twitter that encourages marijuana use can be helpful for tailoring and targeting online and offline prevention messages. OBJECTIVES: The intent of the study was to assess the content of "tweets" and the demographics of followers of a popular pro-marijuana Twitter handle (@stillblazingtho). METHODS: We assessed the sentiment and content of tweets (sent from May 1 to December 31, 2013), as well as the demographics of consumers that follow a popular pro-marijuana Twitter handle (approximately 1,000,000 followers) using Twitter analytics from Demographics Pro. This analytics company estimates demographic characteristics based on Twitter behavior/usage, relying on multiple data signals from networks, consumption, and language and requires confidence of 95% or above to make an estimate of a single demographic characteristic. RESULTS: A total of 2590 tweets were sent from @stillblazingtho during the 8-month period and 305 (11.78%) replies to another Twitter user were excluded for qualitative analysis. Of the remaining 2285 tweets, 1875 (82.06%) were positive about marijuana, 403 (17.64%) were neutral, and 7 (0.31%) appeared negative about marijuana. Approximately 1101 (58.72%) of the positive marijuana tweets were perceived as jokes or humorous, 340 (18.13%) implied that marijuana helps you to feel good or relax, 294 (15.68%) mentioned routine, frequent, or heavy use, 193 (10.29%) mentioned blunts, marijuana edibles, or paraphernalia (eg, bongs, vaporizers), and 186 (9.92%) mentioned other risky health behaviors (eg, tobacco, alcohol, other drugs, sex). The majority (699,103/959,143; 72.89%) of @stillblazingtho followers were 19 years old or younger. Among people ages 17 to 19 years, @stillblazingtho was in the top 10% of all Twitter handles followed. More followers of @stillblazingtho in the United States were African American (323,107/759,407; 42.55%) or Hispanic (90,732/759,407; 11.95%) than the Twitter median average (African American 22.4%, inter-quartile ratio [IQR] 5.1-62.5%; Hispanic 5.4%, IQR 3.0-10.8%) and among Hispanics, @stillblazingtho was in the top 30% of all Twitter handles followed. CONCLUSIONS: Young people are especially responsive to social media influences and often establish substance use patterns during this phase of development. Our findings underscore the need for surveillance efforts to monitor the pro-marijuana content reaching young people on Twitter. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cavazos-Rehg,P., Krauss,M., Grucza,R., Bierut,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140627 PMCID PMC4090385 Editors
Characterizing fishing effort and spatial extent of coastal fisheries	2010	Protected Resources Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, California, United States of America.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 29-Dec Volume 5 Issue 12 Start Page e14451 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150205; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC3012055; 2010/06/29 [received]; 2010/11/23 [accepted]; 2010/12/29 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 21206903 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0014451 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21206903 Abstract Biodiverse coastal zones are often areas of intense fishing pressure due to the high relative density of fishing capacity in these nearshore regions. Although overcapacity is one of the central challenges to fisheries sustainability in coastal zones, accurate estimates of fishing pressure in coastal zones are limited, hampering the assessment of the direct and collateral impacts (e.g., habitat degradation, bycatch) of fishing. We compiled a comprehensive database of fishing effort metrics and the corresponding spatial limits of fisheries and used a spatial analysis program (FEET) to map fishing effort density (measured as boat-meters per km(2)) in the coastal zones of six ocean regions. We also considered the utility of a number of socioeconomic variables as indicators of fishing pressure at the national level; fishing density increased as a function of population size and decreased as a function of coastline length. Our mapping exercise points to intra and interregional 'hotspots' of coastal fishing pressure. The significant and intuitive relationships we found between fishing density and population size and coastline length may help with coarse regional characterizations of fishing pressure. However, spatially-delimited fishing effort data are needed to accurately map fishing hotspots, i.e., areas of intense fishing activity. We suggest that estimates of fishing effort, not just target catch or yield, serve as a necessary measure of fishing activity, which is a key link to evaluating sustainability and environmental impacts of coastal fisheries. Descriptors Animals, Conservation of Natural Resources, Ecosystem, Environmental Monitoring, Fisheries, Fishes, Geography, Oceans and Seas, Population Dynamics, Software Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stewart,K. R., Lewison,R. L., Dunn,D. C., Bjorkland,R. H., Kelez,S., Halpin,P. N., Crowder,L. B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20101229 PMCID PMC3012055 Editors
Characterizing Concurrent Tobacco Product Use Among Homeless Cigarette Smokers	2015	Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX;; Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX; lrreitzel@uh.edu.; University of Texas School of Public Health	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 17 Issue 9 Start Page 1156 Other Pages 1160 Notes CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); 2014/06/05 [received]; 2014/10/20 [accepted]; 2014/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25358660 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu230 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25358660 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking prevalence rates are high among homeless adults (>70%); however, little is known about concurrent tobacco or other nicotine product use (i.e., concurrent use [CU]) in this population. CU may impact smoking quit rates and confer greater risk of health problems within this vulnerable population. This study characterized CU in a sample of homeless smokers and compared cigarette-only smokers (C-OS) to concurrent users (CUs) on participant characteristics and factors known to be associated with smoking cessation. METHODS: Participants were 178 adult conventional cigarette smokers from a homeless shelter in Dallas, TX. Sociodemographic characteristics, number of homelessness episodes, tobacco dependence, and items characterizing use of several tobacco/nicotine products over the last 30 days including use frequency, reasons for use, and perceived health risks were described. Sociodemographic characteristics, number of homelessness episodes, tobacco dependence, stress, readiness to quit (RTQ) smoking, and number of smoking quit attempts in the last year were compared between the C-OS and CUs groups using t tests and chi-square tests. RESULTS: CU was prevalent (n = 91; 51.1%), and 49.5% of CUs reported the use of >/=2 products in addition to conventional cigarettes. Compared with C-OS, CUs were younger and had more homelessness episodes, higher expired breath carbon monoxide levels, and higher stress (ps Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Kish,D.H., Reitzel,L.R., Kendzor,D.E., Okamoto,H., Businelle,M.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141030 PMCID Editors
Characterization of submicrometer aqueous iron(III) colloids formed in the presence of phosphate by sedimentation field flow fractionation with multiangle laser light scattering detection	2001	Magnuson, M.L., Natl. Risk Mgmt. Research Laboratory, Water Supply/Water Resources Div., Treatment Technol. Evaluation Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Analytical Chemistry Periodical, Abbrev. Anal.Chem. Pub Date Free Form 2001/10 Volume 73 Issue 20 Start Page 4815 Other Pages 4820 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0003-2700 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Iron colloids play a major role in the water chemistry of natural watersheds and of engineered drinking water distribution systems. Phosphate is frequently added to distribution systems to control corrosion problems, so iron-phosphate colloids may form through reaction of iron in water pipes. In this study, sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF) is coupled on-line with multiangle laser light scattering (MALLS) detection to characterize these iron colloids formed following the oxygenation of iron(II) in the presence of phosphate. The SdFFF-MALLS data were used to calculate the hydrodynamic diameter, density, and particle size distribution of these submicrometer colloids. The system was first verified with standard polystyrene beads, and the results compared well with certified values. Iron(III) colloids were formed in the presence of phosphate at a variety of pH conditions. The colloids' hydrodynamic diameters, which ranged from 218 Â± 3 (pH 7) to 208 Â± 4 nm (pH 10), did not change significantly within the 95% confidence limit. Colloid density did increase significantly from 1.12 Â± 0.01 (pH 7) to 1.36 Â± 0.02 g/mL (pH 10). Iron(III) colloids formed at pH 10 in the presence of phosphate were compared to iron(III) colloids formed without phosphate and also to iron(III) colloids formed with silicate. The iron(III) colloids formed without phosphate or silicate were 0.46 g/mL more dense than any other colloids and were >6 times more narrowly distributed than the other colloids. The data suggest competitive incorporation of respective anions into the colloid during formation. Descriptors ferric hydroxide, phosphate, polystyrene, silicate, article, calculation, chemical analysis, corrosion, density, field flow fractionation, hydrodynamics, light scattering, oxygenation, particle size, pH, reaction analysis Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Magnuson,M. L., Lytle,D. A., Frietch,C. M., Kelty,C. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterization of Sphingomonas isolates from Finnish and Swedish drinking water distribution systems	2000	Koskinen, R., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. of Clinical Veterinary Sci., Pharmacology and Toxicology, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of applied microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Appl.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 89 Issue 4 Start Page 687 Other Pages 696 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1364-5072 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Sphingomonas Species were commonly isolated from biofilms in drinking water distribution systems in Finland (three water meters) and Sweden (five water taps in different buildings). The Sphingomonas isolates (n = 38) were characterized by chemotaxonomic, physiological and phylogenetic methods. Fifteen isolates were designated to species Sphingomonas aromaticivorans, seven isolates to S. subterranea, two isolates to S. xenophaga and one isolate to S. stygia. Thirteen isolates represented one or more new species of Sphingomonas. Thirty-three isolates out of 38 grew at 5Â°C on trypticase soy broth agar (TSBA) and may therefore proliferate in the Nordic drinking water pipeline where the temperature typically ranges from 2 to 12 Â°C. Thirty-three isolates out of 38 grew at 37 Â°C on TSBA and 15 isolates also grew on blood agar at 37 Â°C. Considering the potentially pathogenic features of sphingomonas, their presence in drinking water distribution systems may not be desirable. Descriptors drinking water, article, bacterium isolation, biofilm, Finland, nonhuman, Sphingomonas, Sweden, water contamination Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Koskinen,R., TAli-Vehmas,, KÃ¤mpfer,P., Laurikkala,M., Tsitko,I., Kostyal,E., Atroshi,F., Salkinoja-Salonen,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterization of plasmids encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and their addiction systems circulating among Escherichia coli clinical isolates in the UK	2012	Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring & Reference Laboratory, HPA-Colindale, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. michel.doumith@hpa.org.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. J.Antimicrob.Chemother. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 67 Issue 4 Start Page 878 Other Pages 885 Notes JID: 7513617; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2011/12/29 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1460-2091; 0305-7453 Accession Number PMID: 22210753 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/jac/dkr553 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22210753 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To characterize plasmids encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) from a recent UK collection of clinical Escherichia coli isolates. METHODS: The isolates comprised 118 ESBL producers referred from 54 laboratories. Plasmids were transferred by electroporation, and their incompatibility groups, associated addiction systems and resistance genes with the flanking genetic environments were identified by PCR or sequencing. RESULTS: Seventy isolates had plasmids encoding CTX-M-15 (n = 53), CTX-M-14 (n =9), CTX-M-27 (n = 1), CTX-M-3 (n = 2) and SHV-12 (n = 5) ESBLs that were transformable; non-transformable ESBLs were mainly CTX-M enzymes (42/48). Most transformable bla(CTX-M-15) genes (43/53) were harboured on single replicon or multireplicon IncF plasmids, with IncFIA4-FIB1-FII31 (n = 11) and IncFIA1-FII2 (n = 15) being most frequent; the latter included eight pEK499 plasmids, typical of UK epidemic strain A. Plasmids harbouring bla(CTX-M-14) belonged variously to IncF, IncI1 and IncHI2 types, and 16 encoding CTX-M or SHV enzymes were non-typeable. Only IncF plasmid types carried the addiction systems sought and those with bla(CTX-M-15) frequently harboured bla(OXA-1) and aac(6')-Ib-cr, and often transferred trimethoprim and tetracycline resistance; those with bla(CTX-M-14) encoded trimethoprim, sulphonamide, streptomycin and tetracycline resistance. Most ESBL genes were associated with the well-known mobile elements ISEcp1 and IS26, but nearly half (23/55) of the ISEcp1 sequences upstream of bla(CTX-M-15) were interrupted by an IS26 at various positions. CONCLUSIONS: Most ESBLs (70/118) were encoded by transformable plasmids, although a sizable minority could not be transformed. The majority of transformable plasmids (51/70; 72.9%) were diverse multiresistant IncF types possessing multiple addiction systems. The spread of bla(CTX-M-15) can be attributed not just to clonal expansion, but also to the horizontal dissemination of related plasmids. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Doumith,M., Dhanji,H., Ellington,M.J., Hawkey,P., Woodford,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20111229 PMCID Editors
Characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from artisanal Travnik young cheeses, sweet creams and sweet kajmaks over four seasons	2014	University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: amarela@imgge.bg.ac.rs.; University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Food Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 39 Issue Start Page 27 Other Pages 38 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 8601127; 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/02/16 [received]; 2013/10/07 [revised]; 2013/10/30 [accepted]; 2013/11/13 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1095-9998; 0740-0020 Accession Number PMID: 24387849 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.fm.2013.10.011 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24387849 Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the composition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in autochthonous young cheeses, sweet creams and sweet kajmaks produced in the Vlasic mountain region of central Bosnia and Herzegovina near the town of Travnik over a four season period. These three products were made from cow's milk by a traditional method without the addition of a starter culture. Preliminary characterization with phenotype-based assays and identification using rep-PCR with a (GTG)5 primer and 16S rDNA sequence analysis were undertaken for 460 LAB isolates obtained from all the examined samples. Fifteen species were identified as follows: Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus raffinolactis, Lactococcus garviae, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus helveticus, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus italicus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Leuconostoc lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus and Streptococcus mitis. A wide genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of the species was observed, particularly within the Lc. lactis strains. In all of the tested dairy products across four seasons, a significantly positive correlation (r = 0.690) between the presence of lactococci and enterococci and a negative correlation (r = 0.722) between the presence of lactococci and leuconostocs were recorded. Forty-five percent of the lactobacilli and 54.4% of the lactococci exhibited proteolytic activity, whereas 18.7% of the total LAB isolates exhibited antimicrobial activity. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Terzic-Vidojevic,A., Mihajlovic,S., Uzelac,G., Veljovic,K., Tolinacki,M., Nikolic,M., Topisirovic,L., Kojic,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131113 PMCID Editors
Characterization of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Retail Foods in Shaanxi Province, China	2015	College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture-Forest University, Shaanxi 72100, People's Republic of China.; College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture-Forest University, Shaanxi 72100, People's Republic of China.; Col	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of food protection Periodical, Abbrev. J.Food Prot. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 78 Issue 5 Start Page 1018 Other Pages 1023 Notes JID: 7703944; 0 (Anti-Infective Agents); 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (Cephalosporins); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-2); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase TEM-3); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1944-9097; 0362-028X Accession Number PMID: 25951400 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-490 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25951400 Abstract Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli strains have been reported worldwide; however, the incidence and characterization of foodborne ESBL-producing E. coli strains have been rarely reported in the People's Republic of China. Among a collection of 659 E. coli isolates recovered from retail foods in Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China, 223 cefoxitin-resistant and/or cefoperazone-resistant isolates were screened for ESBL production with the double disk diffusion test. The ESBL-producing isolates were characterized for antimicrobial resistance and the presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes. Isolates with blaCTX-M were further classified by PCR as having blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-8, blaCTX-M-9, or blaCTX-M-25. One hundred forty-seven isolates were identified as ESBL positive. PCR detection revealed that 146 isolates (99.3%) contained the blaCTX-M gene. Among these isolates, 42 (28.8%) were positive for the enzyme CTX-M-1, 5 (3.4%) for CTX-M-2, and 99 (67.8%) for CTX-M-9. No CTX-M-8 and CTX-M-25 were found in this study. One hundred fifteen isolates (78.2%) were positive for the blaTEM gene, but blaSHV was not detected. Among the 147 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, 75 (51.0%), 35 (23.8%), and 4 (2.7%) isolates were positive for blaTEM and blaCTX-M-9, blaTEM and blaCTX-M-1, and blaTEM and blaCTX-M-2, respectively. All of the 147 ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to three or more non-beta-lactam antibiotics. This study provides evidence that foodborne E. coli can harbor ESBL-encoding genes. Thus, food could be a vehicle for the dissemination of ESBL-producing E. coli strains, a situation that requires surveillance and appropriate management strategies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Xi,M., Wu,Q., Wang,X., Yang,B., Xia,X., Li,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes found among Escherichia coli isolates from duck and environmental samples obtained on a duck farm	2012	College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Applied and Environmental Microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 78 Issue 10 Start Page 3668 Other Pages 3673 Notes LR: 20150225; GENBANK/HQ833651; GENBANK/JN232518; JID: 7605801; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); 0 (DNA Transposable Elements); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (beta-Lactams); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); OID: NLM: PMC3346353; 2012/03/09 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-5336; 0099-2240 Accession Number PMID: 22407683 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1128/AEM.07507-11 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22407683 Abstract In this study, we focused on evaluating the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in fecal samples of healthy ducks and environmental samples from a duck farm in South China. Duck cloacal swabs and pond water samples were cultivated on MacConkey agar plates supplemented with ceftiofur. Individual colonies were examined for ESBL production. Bacteria identified as E. coli were screened for the presence of ESBL and plasmid-borne AmpC genes. The genetic relatedness, plasmid replicon type, and genetic background were determined. Of 245 samples analyzed, 123 had E. coli isolates with ceftiofur MICs higher than 8 mug/ml (116 [50.4%] from 230 duck samples and 7 [46.7%] from 15 water samples). bla(CTX-M), bla(SHV-12), bla(CMY-2), and bla(DHA-1) were identified in 108, 5, 9, and 1 isolates, respectively. The most common bla(CTX-M) genes were bla(CTX-M-27) (n = 34), bla(CTX-M-55) (n = 27), bla(CTX-M-24e) (n = 22), and bla(CTX-M-105) (n = 20), followed by bla(CTX-M-14a), bla(CTX-M-14b), bla(CTX-M-24a), and bla(CTX-M-24b). Although most of the CTX-M producers had distinct pulsotypes, clonal transmission between duck and water isolates was observed. bla(CTX-M) genes were carried by transferable IncN, IncF, and untypeable plasmids. The novel CTX-M gene bla(CTX-M-105) was flanked by two hypothetical protein sequences, partial ISEcp1 upstream and truncated IS903D, iroN, orf1, and a Tn1721-like element downstream. It is suggested that the horizontal transfer of bla(CTX-M) genes mediated by mobile elements and the clonal spread of CTX-M-producing E. coli isolates contributed to the dissemination of bla(CTX-M) in the duck farm. Our findings highlight the importance of ducks for the dissemination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes into the environment. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ma,J., Liu,J.H., Lv,L., Zong,Z., Sun,Y., Zheng,H., Chen,Z., Zeng,Z.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120309 PMCID PMC3346353 Editors

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