WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
Formation of Halogenated By-products in Co(2)(+) Activated Peroxymonosulfate Oxidation Process	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue / [bian ji, Zhongguo ke xue yuan huan jing ke xue wei yuan hui "Huan jing ke xue" bian ji wei yuan hui.] Periodical, Abbrev. Huan Jing Ke Xue. Pub Date Free Form 15-May Volume 37 Issue 5 Start Page 1823 Other Pages 1830 Notes JID: 8405344; ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 0250-3301; 0250-3301 Accession Number PMID: 27506036 Language chi SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27506036 Abstract Sulfate radicals (SO(4).(-)) generated by Co(2)(+) catalyzed activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) are highly oxidative and can be applied to degrade various organic pollutants. It was revealed in this research that bromide could be transformed in this process to reactive bromine species which reacted with phenol subsequently, leading to the formation of bromophenols and brominated by-products such as bromoform and dibromoacetic acid. The formation of the brominated by-products first increased and then decreased. The maximum yields of bromoform (10.3 micromol . L(-)(1)) and dibromoacetic acid (14.6 micromol . L(-)(1)) occurred at approximately 8 h with initial phenol, PMS, Br(-), Co(2)(+), concentrations of 0.05, 1.0, 0.2, and 5 micromol . L(-)(1), respectively. Formation of the brominated by-products decreased with increasing pH. With constant total halides, increasing Cl(-)/Br(-) ratio decreased the total formation of halogenated by- products but generated more chlorinated byproducts. The findings of this research can provide valuable information in assessing the feasibility of SO(4).(-) based oxidation technologies in real practice. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Liu,K., Jin,H., Dong,W., Ji,Y.F., Lu,J.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The changing tobacco landscape: What dental professionals need to know	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Dent.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form Jul Volume 147 Issue 7 Start Page 561 Other Pages 569 Notes LR: 20160630; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; GR: KL2 TR000143/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7503060; NIHMS772669; OID: NLM: NIHMS772669 [Available on 07/01/17]; OID: NLM: PMC4925234 [Available on 07/01/17]; OTO: NOTNLM; PMCR: 2017/07/01 00:00; 2015/10/01 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1943-4723; 0002-8177 Accession Number PMID: 26988178 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI 10.1016/j.adaj.2016.01.008 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26988178 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco products in the United States and the patterns of tobacco use are changing. Although cigarette smoking prevalence has declined, dental professionals are likely to encounter substantial numbers of patients who have tried and are continuing to use new and alternative tobacco products, including cigars, water pipes (hookahs), and electronic cigarettes, as well as conventional and new smokeless tobacco products. METHODS: The authors reviewed conventional and new tobacco products in the United States, their adverse oral and systemic health effects, and their prevalence of use. RESULTS: Tobacco products other than cigarettes account for a substantial portion of tobacco use. For this reason, tobacco-use prevention and cessation counseling provided by dental health care professionals must address all tobacco products, including cigarettes, cigars, water pipes, and electronic cigarettes, as well as conventional and new smokeless tobacco products. Cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use are associated with immediate and long-term adverse health effects, including nicotine addiction, oral and systemic disease, and death. Novel products may attract new tobacco users, potentially leading to addiction that results in enduring tobacco product use and associated adverse health effects. CONCLUSIONS: This critical review of conventional, new, and emerging tobacco products presents information that dental professionals can use in providing tobacco-related counseling to patients who use or who are at risk for using tobacco products. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: It is essential that dental professionals are knowledgeable about tobacco products and are able to answer patients' questions and provide them with evidence-based tobacco-related counseling. This information may prevent patients from initiating use or help reduce or cease use to avoid immediate and long-term adverse health effects, including nicotine addiction, oral and systemic disease, and death. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Dental Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved Data Source Authors Couch,E.T., Chaffee,B.W., Gansky,S.A., Walsh,M.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160314 PMCID PMC4925234 Editors
Tobacco Product Use Among Adults - United States, 2013-2014	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 15-Jul Volume 65 Issue 27 Start Page 685 Other Pages 691 Notes JID: 7802429; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 27416365 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6527a1 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27416365 Abstract While significant declines in cigarette smoking have occurred among U.S. adults during the past 5 decades, the use of emerging tobacco products* has increased in recent years (1-3). To estimate tobacco use among U.S. adults aged >/=18 years, CDC and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analyzed data from the 2013-2014 National Adult Tobacco Survey (NATS). During 2013-2014, 21.3% of U.S. adults used a tobacco product every day or some days, and 25.5% of U.S. adults used a tobacco product every day, some days, or rarely. Despite progress in reducing cigarette smoking, during 2013-2014, cigarettes remained the most commonly used tobacco product among adults. Young adults aged 18-24 years reported the highest prevalence of use of emerging tobacco products, including water pipes/hookahs and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). Furthermore, racial/ethnic and sociodemographic differences in the use of any tobacco product were observed, with higher use reported among males; non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and non-Hispanics of other races(dagger); persons aged Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hu,S.S., Neff,L., Agaku,I.T., Cox,S., Day,H.R., Holder-Hayes,E., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160715 PMCID Editors
Hookah addiction among adolescents of five major cities in Central India	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Adolesc.Med.Health Pub Date Free Form 19-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160819; JID: 8506960; 2016/02/29 [received]; 2016/07/13 [accepted]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0334-0139; 0334-0139 Accession Number PMID: 27542196 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1515/ijamh-2016-0025 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27542196 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Hookah use among the Indian adolescents is on the rise without them being aware of its tobacco content. This prevalence study highlights the issues associated with hookah use among high school students of five cities of Central India. METHOD: A study among 3500 students of high schools was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of hookah users and its associated factors including initiation/cessation, patterns, perceptions and behavior. Responses were received from 225 hookah users. RESULTS: The prevalence of hookah users in the present study was found to be 6.4% (225). Most of the subjects first learned about hookah use from friends (64.5%) and smoked hookah in hookah lounges (90.7%). Generally, the adolescents were aware of various lounges in their locality. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the use of hookahs is attracting adolescents at a very early age and is attributed to the presence of hookah lounges in various cities of Central India. Hence, the legality of hookah lounges in India should be reconsidered. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Khandelwal,V., Nayak,U.A., Nayak,P.A., Iyer,S.S., Bafna,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160819 PMCID Editors
Vital Signs: Exposure to Electronic Cigarette Advertising Among Middle School and High School Students - United States, 2014	2016	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 8-Jan Volume 64 Issue 52 Start Page 1403 Other Pages 1408 Notes JID: 7802429; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 26741522 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6452a3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26741522 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased considerably among U.S. youths since 2011. Tobacco use among youths in any form, including e-cigarettes, is unsafe. Tobacco product advertising can persuade youths to start using tobacco. CDC analyzed data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette advertisement exposure among U.S. middle school and high school students. METHODS: The 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a school-based survey of middle school and high school students in grades 6-12, included 22,007 participants. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements (categorized as "sometimes," "most of the time," or "always") was assessed for four sources: retail stores, Internet, TV and movies, and newspapers and magazines. Weighted exposure estimates were assessed overall and by school type, sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. RESULTS: In 2014, 68.9% of middle and high school students (18.3 million) were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements from at least one source. Among middle school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (52.8%), followed by Internet (35.8%), TV and movies (34.1%), and newspapers and magazines (25.0%). Among high school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (56.3%), followed by Internet (42.9%), TV and movies (38.4%), and newspapers and magazines (34.6%). Among middle school students, 23.4% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.4% from two sources, 13.7% from three sources, and 11.9% from four sources. Among high school students, 21.1% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.0% from two sources, 14.5% from three sources, and 18.2% from four sources. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE: Approximately seven in 10 U.S. middle and high school students were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements in 2014. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements might contribute to increased use of e-cigarettes among youths. Multiple approaches are warranted to reduce youth e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertisements, including efforts to reduce youth access to settings where tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes, are sold, and regulation of youth-oriented e-cigarette marketing. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Singh,T., Marynak,K., Arrazola,R.A., Cox,S., Rolle,I.V., King,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160108 PMCID Editors
Shisha..... modern society killer	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JPMA.The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 64 Issue 5 Start Page 604 Other Pages Notes JID: 7501162; ppublish Place of Publication Pakistan ISSN/ISBN 0030-9982; 0030-9982 Accession Number PMID: 25272559 Language eng SubFile Letter; IM DOI 6488 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25272559 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Khan,M.S., Shahid,N., Qurrat-ul-Ain Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoke and mirrors: the perils of water-pipe smoking and implications for Western countries	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chest Periodical, Abbrev. Chest Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 146 Issue 4 Start Page 875 Other Pages 876 Notes JID: 0231335; CON: Chest. 2014 Oct;146(4):924-31. PMID: 24557573; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1931-3543; 0012-3692 Accession Number PMID: 25287994 Language eng SubFile Comment; Editorial; AIM; IM DOI 10.1378/chest.14-0603 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25287994 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Leung,J.M., Sin,D.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking, awareness of smoking-associated health risks, and knowledge of national tobacco legislation in Gaza, Palestine	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Central European journal of public health Periodical, Abbrev. Cent.Eur.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 22 Issue 2 Start Page 80 Other Pages 89 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9417324; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication Czech Republic ISSN/ISBN 1210-7778; 1210-7778 Accession Number PMID: 25230536 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM DOI 10.21101/cejph.a4005 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25230536 Abstract AIMS: To assess university students' extent of smoking, knowledge of smoking health risks, and awareness of existing national anti-smoking laws. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaire was employed across 7 universities (1,104 students, equal proportions of males and females) located in Gaza Strip, Palestine. RESULTS: About 55% of participants reported ever smoking, 31% were current cigarette smokers, and 36% were 'strictly' (only) narghile (water pipe) smokers. Mean age of smoking initiation was 17 +/- 3.15 years. Smokers had less knowledge of smoking associated health risks than nonsmokers. Students' knowledge of existing anti-smoking laws was generally low (11.3-25.5%), and significantly more smokers had knowledge about existing laws (ban of advertisement of smoking, ban of smoking in public places, and ban of selling cigarettes to minors) than non-smokers. About 81% of current smokers tried to quit smoking at least once during their life, 53% felt ready to quit smoking if cessation assistance was provided, 17% were not ready to quit, and 30% were reluctant/felt unsure if they were ready to quit. Most students (94.3%) reported that there were no smoking cessation centres in Palestine, or did not know if such centres existed. Males were associated with almost all categories of smoking (e.g. smoking both cigarettes and narghile, or smoking narghile only). CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of knowledge about the existing national anti-smoking legislation among university students in Gaza, Palestine. Smoking cessation centres also seem non-existent in Gaza. Multi-level interventions and actions are required by policy makers, educators and non-governmental agencies to prevent smoking among university students in Gaza, and to educate them on tobacco cessation counselling, on the dangers of tobacco use, and about effective stress management strategies to help them to cope with stressors. Smoking cessation interventions are required to address both cigarette and narghile use. Efforts need to be invested in ensuring compliance with legislation and for follow-up activities to enforce the anti-smoking laws through coordinated actions across ministries and departments. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Abu Shomar,R.T., Lubbad,I.K., El Ansari,W., Al-Khatib,I.A., Alharazin,H.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Gout in the age of Justinian - a consequence of lead poisoning?	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Dansk medicinhistorisk arbog Periodical, Abbrev. Dan.Medicinhist Arbog Pub Date Free Form Volume 42 Issue Start Page 27 Other Pages 42 Notes JID: 0434570; SML2Y3J35T (Colchicine); PS: Emperor Justinian I; ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0084-9588; 0084-9588 Accession Number PMID: 25639068 Language dan SubFile Biography; English Abstract; Historical Article; Journal Article; Portraits; QIS DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25639068 Abstract Compared to other chronic conditions, gout has a remarkable position in medical, historical and other texts from the Byzantine Empire in the sixth century AD - the age of emperor Justinian. The disease and its treatment is thoroughly described in the medical literature, and an effective and still applied drug for treatment of acute attacks - colchicine - was invented already in the fourth century by Byzantine physicians. The disease was apparently accumulated among Byzantine emperors, and according to one source, Justinian was a patient himself. Also, gout may have been common among the citizens of Constantinople. As gout can be due to lead poisoning, a contributing cause for this accumulation may have been exposure to high levels of lead, originating from water pipes, wine containers and cooking pots used for producing the sweetening grape syrup sapa. Although gout seems to have been a significant, widespread and invalidating disease, its influence on the Byzantine society is uncertain. The position of the disease can be interpreted as an indication that lead poisoning was a common condition, thus contributing to other and possibly more important effects on the population and the society. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Trier,H. Original/Translated Title Podagra pa kejser Justinians tid. En folge af blyforgiftning? URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of water-pipe smoking among medical students in Rawalpindi, Pakistan	2014	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JPMA.The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 64 Issue 2 Start Page 155 Other Pages 158 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7501162; ppublish Place of Publication Pakistan ISSN/ISBN 0030-9982; 0030-9982 Accession Number PMID: 24640803 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI 5940 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24640803 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of water-pipe smoking among medical students. METHODS: The cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire was conducted at Rawalpindi Medical College, Rawalpindi, in 2011, and included all five batches of medical students. SPSS 17 was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: The final sample comprised 724 participants; 505 (69.7%) being female and 219 (30.2%) being male students. Besides, 625 (86.6%) participants knew about shisha smoking, and 140 (22.4%) reported to have smoked shisha. Curiosity (n = 44; 31.4%) and social trends (n = 41; 29.2%) were cited as main reasons for shisha smoking. Overall, 572 (91.5%) participants thought shisha was dangerous for health, with majority 261 (41.8%) believing it to be more dangerous than cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: There was awareness among medical students about the hazards of shisha smokng. Even then water-pipe smoking was relatively common among them. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Haroon,M., Munir,A., Mahmud,W., Hyder,O. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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