WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink
Case of carbon monoxide poisoning after smoking shisha	2009	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Int J Emerg Med Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2 Issue 2 Start Page 121 Other Pages 2 Notes ID: 20157455 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Carbon monoxide poisoning has been reported as a result of exposure to various sources of smoke, such as car exhaust fumes, home water heaters and tobacco smoke. We describe a case of symptomatic, moderately severe carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in a young Mediterranean man after smoking a waterpipe, or shisha. This case highlights the importance of considering carbon monoxide exposure in patients presenting with non-specific neurological symptoms to the emergency department (ED). Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2700232/?tool=pubmed; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12245-009-0097-8 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Lim,Beng Leong, Lim,Ghee Hian, Seow,Eillyne Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Promene u bubrezima kod bolesnika sa visekratnim izlucivanjem urinom Mycobacterium xenopi i Mycobacterium fortuitum--prikaz 16 slucajeva	1999	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Med Pregl Periodical, Abbrev. Med.Pregl. Pub Date Free Form Volume 52 Issue 10-Sep Start Page 334 Other Pages 42 Notes ID: 10624381 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language hr SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract INTRODUCTION: Environmental or MOTT (mycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli) mycobacteria are found in both living environment and most of the food we consume. These mycobacteria can induce a disease in humans, although they rarely do. There are a few reports of urogenital infections caused by these bacteria. This is a report of 16 patients with successive findings of Mycobacterium xenopi and Mycobacterium fortuitum in the urine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In patients suspected for a specific disease of the urogenital tract 7-10 morning urine samples were sent for a bacteriological analysis before initiating any therapy. The samples were treated by 2% NaOH, neutralized by 1% HCl and cultivated on four UIT media with penicillin and acid additives. The cultivated media were incubated at 37C and followed for a potential growth for up to three months. Growth-exhibiting cultures were submitted to a further cultural and biochemical investigation, applying antituberculotic sensitivity tests and a biological probe when needed. The study included 6,468 patients. Finding of mycobacteria was registered in 180 (2.78%) patients. Of them, 164 had Mycobacterium tuberculosis while 16 patients had successive urine culture findings of MOTT bacilli: Mycobacterium xenopi--14 patients or Mycobacterium fortuitum--2 patients. RESULTS: Of 180 patients with positive bacteriologic urine finding, 164 (91.11%) had Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 16 (8.89%) had MOTT bacilli. Of the latter 16 patients, Mycobacterium xenopi was found in 14. They were all females aged 14-64 yrs. MOTT bacilli were secreted in certain time intervals, ranging from a month to nine years. The bacteria were registered successively, at the frequency rate of 6-53 times. Even 5 of 14 patients worked at the Institute for Lung Diseases as either a nurse, laboratory technician, cleaning lady or an officer at the bacteriologic material admission unit. The evidence of patho-anatomic renal changes was obtained from 11 of 14 patients, including a deformed pelvic system of the kidney, a dilated pelvis of the kidney, papillary ulceration, cystic formations, calcification, hydronephrosis and the presence of concrements. Cystic lesions were the most common ones, registered in 7/14 patients. Regarding functional disorders, haematuria, leukocytes in the sediment, proteinuria and renal colics were most frequently registered. Two patients with successive findings of Mycobacterium fortuitum were presented with neither significant patho-anatomic nor functional renal disorders. DISCUSSION: The following conclusions have emerged from the comparative analysis of the findings: the most common source of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an infected person. The disease is transmitted by a droplet infection. Smear positive patients infect 50-63% of their family members. The renal disease induced by these bacteria is hematogenous in origin and is always associated with a former extrarenal infection. The infection is bilateral, but always manifested in one of the kidneys only. The symptoms of the infection appear in diverse combinations. The most common is a combination of dysuria and albuminuria, while 20% of patients are asymptomatic. The most effective diagnostic procedures are bacteriologic urine test for mycobacteria and intravenous pyelography. A combined antituberculotic 6-9-month treatment is usually effective. Regarding environmental mycobacteria (MOTT), their host is still obscure. The external environment contains them in abundance, but they are not transmitted from one person to another. The MOTT bacteria's habitat can be earth, water, waste waters, garbage, plant material, sphagnum of the swamp vegetation. They colonize the water-pipe systems in towns and are found in the biofilm which coats the water pipes. Water chlorination does not affect their development. They are also found in country yards, animal farms, raw milk and butter, fruit and vegetables. They are also registered in the house dust, in Descriptors Bacteriuria/microbiology, Kidney/pathology, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis, Mycobacterium fortuitum/isolation & purification, Mycobacterium xenopi/isolation & purification, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Kidney Diseases/complications, Kidney Diseases/diagnosis, Kidney Diseases/pathology, Male, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Middle Aged, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/complications, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/pathology, Mycobacterium fortuitum/drug effects, Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification, Mycobacterium xenopi/drug effects, Tuberculosis/complications, Tuberculosis/diagnosis Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-10624381 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Lovodic-Sivcev,B., Vukelic,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The hazard in hookah smoke. Water pipes seem safer than cigarettes--but may be worse	2008	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full US News World Rep Periodical, Abbrev. US News World Rep. Pub Date Free Form Volume 144 Issue 3 Start Page 60 Other Pages 1 Notes ID: 18318362 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Smoking/adverse effects, Water, Commerce, Hazardous Substances, Humans, Risk Assessment, United States Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-18318362 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Lyon,Lindsay Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Fajka wodna jako alternatywny sposÃ³b palenia tytoniu przez mlodziez na terenie wojewÃ³dztwa slaskiego	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Przegl Lek Periodical, Abbrev. Przegl.Lek. Pub Date Free Form Volume 67 Issue 10 Start Page 1021 Other Pages 4 Notes ID: 21360953 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language pl SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract SIGNIFICANCE: Waterpipe has been used for many centuries in Asia and Africa regions to smoke tobacco leaves. In recent years it has been gaining popularity also among adolescents and youths in Poland. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of the study was to examine waterpipe smoking prevalence among adolescents living in Silesia region of Poland. We investigated if waterpipe is used as alternative way to smoke tobacco and awareness among adolescents about heath risk of waterpipe smoking. METHODS: We surveyed 769 students of high schools located in Silesia region of Poland. RESULTS: Mean age of surveyed students was 16.5 years, and 52.5% were females. Our results showed that prevalence of waterpipe was higher than cigarette smoking (46.7% vs. 34.6%). Prevalence of waterpipe smoking among girls was almost the same as among boys. Most of the surveyed students used waterpipe as an alternative tool to smoke tobacco. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of waterpipe smoking among Polish adolescents is very high. There is an urgent need for education about health risks of waterpipe use in Poland. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Administration, Inhalation, Adolescent, Female, Humans, Inhalant Abuse/epidemiology, Inhalation Exposure, Male, Poland/epidemiology, Prevalence, Sex Distribution Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-21360953 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mach,Paulina, Zielinska-Danch,Wioleta, Goniewicz,Maciej L., Koszowski,Bartosz, Czogala,Jan, Sobczak,Andrzej Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Perception of current smokers towards smoking and its health hazards in Bany Ghany village El-Minia governorate	2001	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full El-Minia Medical Bulletin Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 12 Issue 2 Start Page 170 Other Pages 184 Notes ID: 64840 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The seriousness of health problems caused by tobacco warrents serious attention. The extent to which smokers know the health implications and addictive nature of cigarettes is critical in control of tobacco use thereby, assessment of people's understanding to the health risks of smoking can estimate public awareness which is necessary for tobacco control. This household cross-sectional study was conducted in Bany Ghany village which is 20 km south of El- Minia City with 20 000 inhabitants in September, 2000. The aim of this study was lo describe the knowledge profile of current smokers regarding smoking and its health consequences, and to measure the health toll of smoking on heavy smokers. A household survey was undertaken and the initial screening indicated that 3440 villagers are currently smoking in Bany Ghany with a total prevalence of 17.2 percent. About 20 percent of current smokers 698] were randomly selected from the total smokers to be interviewed. An interview questionnaire was used which include demographic data and smoking history, amount and duration and questions regarding knowledge and encompass most of the possible health risks posed by smoking. Of all smokers interviewed, two hundred heavy smokers 25 or more cigarettes per day] were further subjected to explicit clinical examination. About 52.3 percent of the current smokers were illiterate. 87.8 percent were married and 7 percent were unemployed. Nearly 70 percent initiated smoking as a response to peer pressure and influence of friends. Out of 698 smokers interviewed, 96 percent had the knowledge that smoking is hazardous to health which is risk taking behavior. Almost 30.8 percent were heavy smokers. 40.2 percent were moderate smokers and 29 percent were mild smokers. Nearly two-third of the sample smoke cigarettes alone, 16. 7 percent smoke in addition shisha or Goza, and only 7.9 percent smoke shisha or goza alone. Mean numbers of cigarettes smoked per day was 17.7 +/- 11 25. Mean age of the study sample was 42.1 +/- 132, the mean age of smoking initiation was 20.1 +/- 9.1, and the mean cost of smoking per month was LE 53 +/- 75.5. Mean monthly income was 150.8 +/- 106.3. Mean numbers of quitting trials was 3.2 +/- 3.1. Among the causes of failure of previous trials of quitting were lack of inner drive in 66.7 percent, peer pressure represented 15.7 percent, being not serious in 12.9 percent and lastly not convinced was reported by 4.7 percent of the smokers. Reasons behind resorting to quitting trials was found to be related to occurrence of health problems in 35.2 percent of the cases, economic strain in 20.8 percent of cases and 40. 8 percent of cases were due to the knowledge that smoking can pose health risk, and social conflicts were found to be responsible for quitting trials in 3.2 percent of cases. Mean duration of smoking was found to be significantly longer among those who denied any relation between smoking and cancer or heart disease. On interviewing and examining heavy cigarette smokers, cardiopulmonary manifestations was diagnosed in the form of chronic cough, hypertension and corpulmonale in 55 percent, 8 percent and 15 percent of the total heavy smokers respectively. Community intervention trial for smoking cessation is recommended to change smoking behavior, achieve and maintain cessation Descriptors Humans, Male, ABO Blood-Group System - 45 YEARS, Absorption - 64 YEARS, Smoking/adverse effects, Smoking, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Rural Population, Questionnaires, Epidemiologic Studies, Risk Factors, Smoking Cessation Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-64840 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mahfouz,Eman M., Abdel Aleem,M. Saad, Sadek,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Comparison of frequency of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in current or former tobacco smokers having ischaemic heart disease	1997	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form 7-Nov Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes ID: imsear.hellis.org-123456789-139692; ID: imsear.hellis.org-123456789-19946 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en; en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The present study was envisaged to assess the state of oxidative metabolism of neutrophils, recovered from smokers (cigarette, beedi, hookah and mixed products) and non-smokers. Superoxide anion (O2.-) production was significantly higher in neutrophils from all groups of smokers (P < 0.001). Total leukocyte count (TLC) was significantly more in symptomatic subjects among the cigarette, hookah and mixed smokers (P < 0.05). Total neutrophil count (TNC) was significantly higher in symptomatic than asymptomatic subjects of hookah and mixed smoking groups (P < 0.05). In the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in tobacco smokers, the role of leukocytosis, increased neutrophil sequestration into the lung, increased neutrophil toxic oxygen species including superoxide release in the lung may cause direct injury to lung tissues. Descriptors Cigarette smoking, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Hookah smoking, Ischaemic heart disease, Spirometry, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Male Middle Aged, Myocardial Ischemia --epidemiology, Myocardial Ischemia --etiology, Pakistan --epidemiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive --diagnosis, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive --epidemiology, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive --etiology, Severity of Illness Index, Smoking --adverse effects, Adult, Female, Leukocyte Count, Male, Middle Aged, Neutrophils --metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species --metabolism, Smoking --metabolism, Superoxides --metabolism Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/oai-imsear.hellis.org-123456789-139692; http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/oai-imsear.hellis.org-123456789-19946 Book Title Database IMSEAR; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/; IMSEAR; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mahmud,Talha, Bokhari,Syed N. H., Aasim,Muhammad, Sharma,R. N., Deva,C., Behera,D., Khanduja,K. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Understanding youth: using qualitative methods to verify quantitative community indicators	2009	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Health Promot Pract Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 10 Issue 1 Start Page 128 Other Pages 35 Notes ID: 17971480 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Community- and individual-level data were collected from interviews with 1,294 boys and girls, 13 to 19 years old, in three impoverished urban communities of Beirut. Univariate analyses of variables provide quantitative indicators of adolescents' lives and communities. Researchers including the authors, interested in using these indicators to plan for community interventions with youth in the Palestinian refugee camp, discuss the pertinent results with youth from the camp in six focus groups. The authors find that many indicators misrepresent the situation of youth in the camp. For example, adolescents may have underreported cigarette and argileh (water pipe) smoking (8.3% and 22.4%, respectively) because of the lack of social desirability of these behaviors; other questions may have been misunderstood, such as perceived health and health compared to others. Also, important issues for them such as drug abuse, violence, and school problems were not asked. Implications for intervention research are discussed. Descriptors Health Promotion/organization & administration, Health Status Indicators, Poverty Areas, Refugees/psychology, Social Problems, Adolescent, Female, Focus Groups, Humans, Lebanon, Male, Questionnaires, Urban Population, Young Adult Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-17971480 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Makhoul,Jihad, Nakkash,Rima Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Problem of smoking and snuffing in educational institutions	1986	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Specialist Quarterly Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2 Issue 5 Start Page 131 Other Pages 45 Notes ID: 9003 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Smoking addiction is the commonest addiction since last several generations. It is spreading very rapidly in our educational institutions. Therefore, it stimulated us to survey in the year 1977-78 by approaching 1000 educationists in schools, colleges and universities of Multan by involving different parameters, as in Annexure-I. Out of these 625 respondents honoured us with their valuable opinions which are discussed in this article. This highlights different factors conducive to hook up the individual in addiction and suggests preventive measures how to control it. It is difficult for a smoker to quit even though he knows it to be harmful. This is so because many of the ill-effects are subtle, slowly progressive and may take several years before they are of sufficient annoyance to cause him to consider quitting. The other addiction like Hookah, Beedi and Snuff have also been briefly considered. Our findings were compared with other studies particularly in Peshawar. Addiction of snuff and other adulteration with cigarette in Peshawar are more as compared to ours. The socio-economical/cultural and psychological aspects of the study were also considered. The campaign against smoking and other addictions under the cover of legislation was considered the most useful preventive measures against addiction. The epidemiology of the problem hints that smoking addiction is crippling disease causing chronic ill-health socio-economic degeneration. It is contagious in its own way. Smoking addiction has already assumed the shape of epidemic in Pakistan and if not properly combated by the medical profession and other agencies, it may further spread and become serious hazard to public. This article is primarily meant for members of the medical profession to become aware about the magnitude of the danger inherent in smoking, so that all our effort is made to eradicate this vice from our country Descriptors Smoking, Substance-Related Disorders, Socioeconomic Factors, Students Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-9003 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Malik,Ghulam Q. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking among university students: a gender analysis	2010	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Infect Public Health Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 3 Issue 4 Start Page 179 Other Pages 87 Notes ID: 21126722 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The main objectives of this paper were to estimate the consumption patterns of tobacco use among King Saud University (KSU) undergraduate students; and investigate different risk factors which may contribute to tobacco use among female students. A representative sample (n=7550) of the total KSU undergraduate student population of 69,498 (males and females) was selected, stratified according to college and gender. A modified version of the WHO/CDC Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) questionnaire was used for data collection. Overall smoking prevalence among KSU students was estimated at 14.5%, prevalence among male students (32.7%), and females (5.9%). Independent risk factors for smoking among males were found to be: age, father's smoking habits, and "friends' smoking habits"; while among females were: sister's smoking habits and "friends' smoking habits." The findings of this study re-emphasize the significance of peer pressure on smoking among university students of both sexes; influence of family members, usually of same sex. We need to foster gender-sensitive tobacco prevention intervention programs, to prevent youngsters of both sexes from taking up such habit. We also need to raise awareness of girls and young women, of the consequences of smoking in general, water-pipe in specific, on their own health, that of their spouses, families, and off-springs, many of whom could develop chronic respiratory disorders, as passive smokers in the beginning/potential smokers themselves, later on. All such efforts should be backed and supported by strong governmental commitment, to ensure success of their implementation accordingly. Descriptors Smoking/epidemiology, Students, Universities, Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Saudi Arabia/epidemiology, Sex Factors, Tobacco Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2010.10.003 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mandil,Ahmed, BinSaeed,Abdulaziz, Ahmad,Shaffi, Al-Dabbagh,Rufaidah, Alsaadi,Muslim, Khan,Mahwish Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Epidemiologic risk factors for esophageal cancer development	2011	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Asian Pac J Cancer Prev Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 12 Issue 10 Start Page 2461 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 22320939 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract In retrospective studies of esophageal cancer (EC), cigarettes and hookah smoking, nass use (a chewing tobacco product), opium consumption, hot tea drinking, poor oral health, low intake of fresh fruit and vegetables, and low socioeconomic status have been associated with a higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Barrett's esophagus is clearly recognized as a risk factor for EC, and dysplasia remains the only factor useful for identifying patients at increased risk, for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in clinical practice. Here, we review the epidemiologic studies that have investigated the epidemiologic patterns and causes of EC. Descriptors Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology, Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics, Age Factors, Alcoholism, Asia/epidemiology, Barrett Esophagus/complications, Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology, Food Habits, Humans, Nitrosamines/adverse effects, Nutrition Disorders, Papillomavirus Infections/complications, Papillomavirus Infections/pathology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Social Class, Tobacco Use Disorder Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/mdl-22320939 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mao,Wei-Min, Zheng,Wei-Hui, Ling,Zhi-Qiang Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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