WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Early pulmonary events of nose-only water pipe (shisha) smoking exposure in mice	2015	Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates anemmar@uaeu.ac.ae anemmar@hotmail.com.; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirat	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Physiological reports Periodical, Abbrev. Physiol.Rep. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 3 Issue 3 Start Page 10.14814/phy2.12258 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150421; CI: (c) 2015; JID: 101607800; OID: NLM: PMC4393146; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2051-817X; 2051-817X Accession Number PMID: 25780090 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.14814/phy2.12258 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25780090 Abstract Water pipe smoking (WPS) is increasing in popularity and prevalence worldwide. Convincing data suggest that the toxicants in WPS are similar to that of cigarette smoke. However, the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms related to the early pulmonary events of WPS exposure are not understood. Here, we evaluated the early pulmonary events of nose-only exposure to mainstream WPS generated by commercially available honey flavored "moasel" tobacco. BALB/c mice were exposed to WPS 30 min/day for 5 days. Control mice were exposed using the same protocol to atmospheric air only. We measured airway resistance using forced oscillation technique, and pulmonary inflammation was evaluated histopathologically and by biochemical analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue. Lung oxidative stress was evaluated biochemically by measuring the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Mice exposed to WPS showed a significant increase in the number of neutrophils (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society Data Source Authors Nemmar,A., Al Hemeiri,A., Al Hammadi,N., Yuvaraju,P., Beegam,S., Yasin,J., Elwasila,M., Ali,B.H., Adeghate,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4393146 Editors
Hookah use prevalence, predictors, and perceptions among Canadian youth: findings from the 2012/2013 Youth Smoking Survey	2015	Propel Centre for Population Health Impact, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L3G1, Canada, lminaker@uwaterloo.ca.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cancer causes & control : CCC Periodical, Abbrev. Cancer Causes Control Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 26 Issue 6 Start Page 831 Other Pages 838 Notes LR: 20150521; JID: 9100846; OID: NLM: PMC4438198; 2014/10/30 [received]; 2015/03/04 [accepted]; 2015/03/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1573-7225; 0957-5243 Accession Number PMID: 25783457 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1007/s10552-015-0556-x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25783457 Abstract PURPOSE: Few national surveys currently assess hookah smoking among youth. This study describes the prevalence, patterns of use, and perceptions about hookah in a nationally representative survey of Canadian grades 9-12 students. METHODS: The Youth Smoking Survey 2012/2013 was administered to 27,404 Canadian grades 9-12 students attending schools in nine Canadian provinces representing 96 % of Canadian population. Relevant dichotomous outcomes included ever use, use in the last 30 days, and the belief that hookah use is less harmful than cigarette smoking. Covariates included smoking status, sex, grade, province of residence, race/ethnicity, and amount of weekly spending money. Logistic regression models were used to examine: covariates related to the odds of ever and last-30-day hookah use; covariates related to perceptions about the harms of hookah smoking; the extent to which perceptions were associated with odds of hookah use; and whether survey year (2010/2011 or 2012/2013) was associated with hookah use, and marginal effects were calculated. RESULTS: In Canada, 5.4 % of students in grades 9-12 currently use hookah and 14.3 % report ever using hookah. In 2012/2013, students had significantly higher odds of using hookah compared to students in 2010/2011 (OR 1.5, 95 % CI 1.2, 2.1). About half of hookah users (51 %) used flavored hookah. Students who believed that hookah use was less harmful than cigarette smoking had significantly higher odds of current hookah use (OR 2.6, 95 % CI 1.9, 3.5), as did students who reported higher amounts of weekly spending money. Current smokers had an 18 % higher predicted probability of currently using hookah compared to non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Hookah use among youth is of growing concern in Canada. Findings can be used to inform policy development related to youth hookah smoking. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Minaker,L.M., Shuh,A., Burkhalter,R.J., Manske,S.R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150318 PMCID PMC4438198 Editors
Characterization of antimicrobial resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli isolated from chickens	2015	1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, China .	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Foodborne pathogens and disease Periodical, Abbrev. Foodborne Pathog.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 12 Issue 4 Start Page 345 Other Pages 352 Notes JID: 101120121; 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2015/03/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1556-7125; 1535-3141 Accession Number PMID: 25785885 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1089/fpd.2014.1857 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25785885 Abstract Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli have been frequently isolated from food-producing animals and pose a serious threat to human health. This study collected 195 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from 20 chicken farms and 3 live-bird markets located in Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin) and Jiangsu province from February 2011 to October 2013. ESBL genes, including blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV, were detected and characterized, and the susceptibilities of these strains to various antimicrobial agents were determined. One hundred ninety-one of these isolates carried 1 or more bla genes. blaCTX-M, blaTEM-1, and blaSHV-5 were identified in 183, 121, and 2 isolates, respectively. The most common blaCTX-M genes were blaCTX-M-15 (68 strains), blaCTX-M-65 (41 strains), blaCTX-M-55 (35 strains), blaCTX-M-14 (32 strains), followed by blaCTX-M-3, blaCTX-M-13, blaCTX-M-79, and blaCTX-M-101, as well as the chimeric genes blaCTX-M-64, blaCTX-M-123, and blaCTX-M-132. Fifteen strains (7.7%) co-harboring CTX-M-1 group and CTX-M-9 group genes were detected in 195 ESBL-producing strains. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of 45 strains showed that these CTX-M-producing isolates belonged to 34 different types. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the blaSHV-5 gene in E. coli isolated from chickens in China. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that the blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes could be transferred to E. coli strain J53, while conjugative transfer of the blaSHV-5 gene from two isolates was not detectable. blaCTX-M genes are carried by many kinds of transferable and untypable plasmids. Our findings demonstrate that the CTX-M enzymes are predominant in both type and quantity. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Tong,P., Sun,Y., Ji,X., Du,X., Guo,X., Liu,J., Zhu,L., Zhou,B., Zhou,W., Liu,G., Feng,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150318 PMCID Editors
Disparities in the Population Distribution of African American and Non-Hispanic White Smokers Along the Quitting Continuum	2015	Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA dennis.trinidad@cgu.edu.; Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA.; University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.; California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA.; Californi	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education Periodical, Abbrev. Health Educ.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 42 Issue 6 Start Page 742 Other Pages 751 Notes CI: (c) 2015; GR: 1R03CA150559/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9704962; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/03/20 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1552-6127; 1090-1981 Accession Number PMID: 25794519 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1177/1090198115577376 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25794519 Abstract PURPOSE: To examine disparities and changes over time in the population-level distribution of smokers along a cigarette quitting continuum among African American smokers compared with non-Hispanic Whites. METHODS: Secondary data analyses of the 1999, 2002, 2005, and 2008 California Tobacco Surveys (CTS). The CTS are large, random-digit-dialed, population-based surveys designed to assess changes in tobacco use in California. The number of survey respondents ranged from n = 6,744 to n = 12,876 across CTS years. Current smoking behavior (daily or nondaily smoking), number of cigarettes smoked per day, intention to quit in the next 6 months, length of most recent quit attempt among current smokers, and total length of time quit among former smokers were assessed and used to recreate the quitting continuum model. RESULTS: While current smoking rates were significantly higher among African Americans compared with non-Hispanic Whites across all years, cigarette consumption rates were lower among African Americans in all years. There were significant increases in the proportion of former smokers who had been quit for at least 12 months from 1999 (African Americans, 26.8% +/- 5.5%; non-Hispanic Whites, 36.8% +/- 1.6%) to 2008 (African Americans, 43.6% +/- 4.1%; non-Hispanic Whites, 57.4% +/- 2.9%). The proportion of African American former smokers in each CTS year was significantly lower than that of non-Hispanic Whites. CONCLUSIONS: Despite positive progression along the quitting continuum for both African American and non-Hispanic White smokers, the overall distribution was less favorable for African Americans. The lower smoking consumption levels among African Americans, combined with the lower rates of successful smoking cessation, suggest that cigarette addiction and the quitting process may be different for African American smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for Public Health Education Data Source Authors Trinidad,D.R., Xie,B., Fagan,P., Pulvers,K., Romero,D.R., Blanco,L., Sakuma,K.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150320 PMCID Editors
Self-Rated Health Among Saudi Adults: Findings from a National Survey, 2013	2015	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 2301 5th Avenue, Suite 600, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of community health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Community Health Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 40 Issue 5 Start Page 920 Other Pages 926 Notes JID: 7600747; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1573-3610; 0094-5145 Accession Number PMID: 25795222 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1007/s10900-015-0014-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25795222 Abstract Self-rated health reflects a person's integrated perception of health, including its biological, psychological, and social dimensions. It is a predictor of morbidity and mortality. To assess the current status of self-rated health and associated factors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, we analyzed data from the Saudi Health Interview Survey. We conducted a large national survey of adults aged 15 years or older. A total of 10,735 participants completed a standardized health questionnaire. Respondents rated their health with a five-point scale. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, chronic diseases, health-related habits and behaviors, and anthropometric measurements were collected. Associated factors of self-rated health were analyzed using a backward elimination multivariate logistic regression model. More than 77% of respondents rated their health as excellent/very good. Female sex [odds ratio (OR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-1.88], decades of age (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.25-1.46), diagnosed diabetes mellitus (OR 1.54, 95 CI 1.22-1.93), diagnosed hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.06-1.79), diagnosed hypertension (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.22-1.96), number of other diagnosed chronic diseases (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.41-2.03), limited vigorous activity (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.84-4.53), need for special equipment (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.96-3.51), and more than 3 h of daily television/computer screen time (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.11-2.29) were positively associated with poor/fair health. Smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity were not associated with self-reported health. We found that preventable risk factors are not associated with Saudis' self-rated health. This optimistic perception of health poses a challenge for preventive interventions in the Kingdom and calls for campaigns to educate the public about the harm of unhealthy behaviors. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Moradi-Lakeh,M., El Bcheraoui,C., Tuffaha,M., Daoud,F., Al Saeedi,M., Basulaiman,M., Memish,Z.A., AlMazroa,M.A., Al Rabeeah,A.A., Mokdad,A.H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Reasons for smoking cessation attempts among Japanese male smokers vary by nicotine dependence level: a cross-sectional study after the 2010 tobacco tax increase	2015	Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ open Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Open Pub Date Free Form 20-Mar Volume 5 Issue 3 Start Page e006658 Other Pages 2014-006658 Notes LR: 20160603; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; JID: 101552874; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC4 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2044-6055; 2044-6055 Accession Number PMID: 25795690 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006658 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25795690 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between smoking cessation attempts during the previous 12 months, motivators to quit smoking and nicotine dependence levels among current male smokers after Japan's massive 2010 tobacco tax increase. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A self-reported questionnaire about smoking habits, nicotine dependence levels and factors identified as motivators to quit smoking was administered to 9378 employees working at a company located in Fukuoka Prefecture in Japan (as of 1 October 2011). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2251 male current smokers 20-69 years old. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Nicotine dependence level assessed by Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD), smoking cessation attempts during the previous 12 months and motivators for smoking cessation. RESULTS: The proportion of current smokers who had attempted to quit smoking within the previous 12 months was 40.6%. Nicotine dependence level of current smokers was negatively associated with cessation attempts during the previous 12 months. Motivators for smoking cessation differed by nicotine dependence levels. 'The rise in cigarette prices since October 2010' as a smoking cessation motivator increased significantly at the medium nicotine dependence level (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.90); however, this association was not statistically significant for individuals with high nicotine dependence (OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.92). 'Feeling unhealthy' was significantly negatively associated for medium (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.65) and high (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.71) nicotine dependence levels. Trend associations assessed by assigning ordinal numbers to total FTCD score for those two motivators were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of smoking cessation strategies can be improved by considering the target group's nicotine dependence level. For smokers with medium and high nicotine dependence levels, more effective strategies aimed at encouraging smoking cessation, such as policy interventions including increasing tobacco taxes, are needed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Tanihara,S., Momose,Y. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150320 PMCID PMC4368926 Editors
Web-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in war-traumatized Arab patients: randomized controlled trial	2015	Department of Clinical Psychology, Freie University, Berlin, Germany. christine.knaevelsrud@fu-berlin.de.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 20-Mar Volume 17 Issue 3 Start Page e71 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; ANZCTR/ACTRN12611001019998; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC4385175; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/06/04 [received]; 2014/11/26 [accepted]; 2014/09/01 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 25799024 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.3582 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25799024 Abstract BACKGROUND: In recent years, armed conflicts in the Middle East have resulted in high rates of exposure to traumatic events. Despite the increasing demand of mental health care provision, ongoing violence limits conventional approaches of mental health care provision. Internet-based interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have proved feasible and effective in Western countries, but their applicability and efficacy in war and conflict regions remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral Internet-based intervention for war-traumatized Arab patients, with focus on Iraq. METHODS: A total of 159 individuals with PTSD participated in a parallel group randomized trial. Participants were randomly allocated by a computer-generated sequence to a treatment group (n=79) or a waiting list control group (n=80). The treatment group received 2 weekly 45-minute cognitive behavioral interventions via Internet over a 5-week period (10 sessions in total). The primary outcome was recovery from posttraumatic stress symptoms. RESULTS: Posttraumatic stress symptoms were significantly reduced from baseline to posttreatment (intention-to-treat analysis) in the treatment group relative to the control group (F1,157=44.29, P<.001 d="0.92)." treatment="" effects="" were="" sustained="" at="" follow-up.="" completer="" analysis="" indicated="" that="" of="" patients="" in="" the="" group="" had="" recovered="" from="" posttraumatic="" stress="" symptoms="" posttreatment="" change="" and="" diagnostic="" scale="" score="" versus="" patient="" control="" ci="" p="" indicating="" chance="" recovering="" was="" times="" higher="" than="" group.="" conclusions:="" results="" indicate="" even="" unstable="" insecure="" settings="" with="" ongoing="" exposure="" to="" human="" rights="" violations="" through="" war="" dictatorships="" people="" benefit="" a="" cognitive="" behavioral="" provided="" entirely="" internet.="" this="" method="" delivery="" could="" improve="" access="" humanitarian="" aid="" form="" e-mental="" health="" services.="" trial="" registration:="" australian="" new="" zealand="" clinical="" registry="" actrn12611001019998="" https:="" by="" webcite="" http:=""> Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Knaevelsrud,C., Brand,J., Lange,A., Ruwaard,J., Wagner,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150320 PMCID PMC4385175 Editors
Drinking motivates, depending on the use of tobacco and cannabis among adolescents	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Przeglad lekarski Periodical, Abbrev. Przegl.Lek. Pub Date Free Form Volume 71 Issue 11 Start Page 592 Other Pages 596 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 19840720R; ppublish Place of Publication Poland ISSN/ISBN 0033-2240; 0033-2240 Accession Number PMID: 25799851 Language pol SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25799851 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Alcohol, tobacco and marijuana are the most common drugs used by adolescents. There is evidence of co-occurrence of alcohol use by young people with taking other problem behaviors, little is known about the causes of drinking depending on the type and severity of different substances use. Aim of the study is to find differences in the structure and the rank of drinking motives among people who smoke cigarettes or use marijuana. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out on a nationwide sample of 1411 in mean age 17.7 years (53.3% girls) as a part of next series of HBSC study (Health Behaviour in School aged Children) conducted in 2010 .To investigate reasons for alcohol use, research instrument DMQ-R (Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised) was used. Questions about currently tobacco smoking and marijuana or, hashish use during last year were also asked. One-way ANOVA with post-hoc test Scheffe were used for analysis. Results: The highest means were noticed in the dimension of social motives and they differed significantly due to smoking (F (2, 1170) = 35.76, p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dzielska,A. Original/Translated Title Motywy picia alkoholu w zaleznosci od uzywania tytoniu i marihuany przez mlodziez URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Biodiversity and gamma-aminobutyric acid production by lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional alpine raw cow's milk cheeses	2015	Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.; Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach (F	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BioMed research international Periodical, Abbrev. Biomed.Res.Int. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2015 Issue Start Page 625740 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150327; JID: 101600173; 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid); 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid); OID: NLM: PMC4352725; 2014/06/17 [received]; 2014/09/04 [revised]; 2014/10/02 [accepted]; 2015/02/23 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2314-6141 Accession Number PMID: 25802859 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1155/2015/625740 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25802859 Abstract "Nostrano-cheeses" are traditional alpine cheeses made from raw cow's milk in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy. This study identified lactic acid bacteria (LAB) developing during maturation of "Nostrano-cheeses" and evaluated their potential to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an immunologically active compound and neurotransmitter. Cheese samples were collected on six cheese-making days, in three dairy factories located in different areas of Trentino and at different stages of cheese ripening (24 h, 15 days, and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 months). A total of 1,059 LAB isolates were screened using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) and differentiated into 583 clusters. LAB strains from dominant clusters (n = 97) were genetically identified to species level by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. LAB species most frequently isolated were Lactobacillus paracasei, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The 97 dominant clusters were also characterized for their ability in producing GABA by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). About 71% of the dominant bacteria clusters evolving during cheeses ripening were able to produce GABA. Most GABA producers were Lactobacillus paracasei but other GABA producing species included Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Streptococcus thermophilus. No Enterococcus faecalis or Sc. macedonicus isolates produced GABA. The isolate producing the highest amount of GABA (80.0+/-2.7 mg/kg) was a Sc. thermophilus. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Franciosi,E., Carafa,I., Nardin,T., Schiavon,S., Poznanski,E., Cavazza,A., Larcher,R., Tuohy,K.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150223 PMCID PMC4352725 Editors
Probabilistic models to describe the dynamics of migrating microbial communities	2015	Infrastructure and Environment Research Division, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; The Marine Biological Association of the UK, Plymouth, UK.; Infrastructure and Environment Research Division, School of Engineering, U	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 24-Mar Volume 10 Issue 3 Start Page e0117221 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150405; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC4372544; 2015 [ecollection]; 2014/07/18 [received]; 2014/12/21 [accepted]; 2015/03/24 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 25803866 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0117221 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25803866 Abstract In all but the most sterile environments bacteria will reside in fluid being transported through conduits and some of these will attach and grow as biofilms on the conduit walls. The concentration and diversity of bacteria in the fluid at the point of delivery will be a mix of those when it entered the conduit and those that have become entrained into the flow due to seeding from biofilms. Examples include fluids through conduits such as drinking water pipe networks, endotracheal tubes, catheters and ventilation systems. Here we present two probabilistic models to describe changes in the composition of bulk fluid microbial communities as they are transported through a conduit whilst exposed to biofilm communities. The first (discrete) model simulates absolute numbers of individual cells, whereas the other (continuous) model simulates the relative abundance of taxa in the bulk fluid. The discrete model is founded on a birth-death process whereby the community changes one individual at a time and the numbers of cells in the system can vary. The continuous model is a stochastic differential equation derived from the discrete model and can also accommodate changes in the carrying capacity of the bulk fluid. These models provide a novel Lagrangian framework to investigate and predict the dynamics of migrating microbial communities. In this paper we compare the two models, discuss their merits, possible applications and present simulation results in the context of drinking water distribution systems. Our results provide novel insight into the effects of stochastic dynamics on the composition of non-stationary microbial communities that are exposed to biofilms and provides a new avenue for modelling microbial dynamics in systems where fluids are being transported. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Schroeder,J.L., Lunn,M., Pinto,A.J., Raskin,L., Sloan,W.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150324 PMCID PMC4372544 Editors

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