WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Smoking pattern in a rural area in the western region of Saudi Arabia	1985		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Bulletin of Alexandria Faculty of Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 4 Start Page 677 Other Pages 83 Notes ID: 104936 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract This study was carried out to outline the pattern of smoking in a rural district in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 992 household heads were interviewed regarding their smoking habit. The overall prevalence of smokers was 52.3%; cigarette smokers formed 38.3%, shisha smokers 10.5% while subjects who smoked both shisha and cigarettes simultaneously were 3.5%. Ex-smokers were 6.9%. Smoking was started at a mean age of 25.0 +/- 11.37 years for manufactured cigarettes and at a mean age of 27.7 +/- 11.01 years for shisha. The mean ages for current cigarette and shisha smokers were 40.4 +/- 13.90 years and 39.7 +/- 13.03 years respectively. There were more smokers among subjects with a high standard of living as judged by occupation and income Descriptors Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Rural Population, Health Surveys Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-104936 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors El Zubeir,Ahmed Gasim, Wasfy,Ahmed S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption in 187 countries, 1980-2012	2014	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Institute fo	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Jama Periodical, Abbrev. JAMA Pub Date Free Form 8-Jan Volume 311 Issue 2 Start Page 183 Other Pages 192 Notes LR: 20141120; JID: 7501160; CIN: BMJ. 2014;348:g406. PMID: 24449292; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1538-3598; 0098-7484 Accession Number PMID: 24399557 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; AIM; IM DOI 10.1001/jama.2013.284692 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24399557 Abstract IMPORTANCE: Tobacco is a leading global disease risk factor. Understanding national trends in prevalence and consumption is critical for prioritizing action and evaluating tobacco control progress. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of daily smoking by age and sex and the number of cigarettes per smoker per day for 187 countries from 1980 to 2012. DESIGN: Nationally representative sources that measured tobacco use (n = 2102 country-years of data) were systematically identified. Survey data that did not report daily tobacco smoking were adjusted using the average relationship between different definitions. Age-sex-country-year observations (n = 38,315) were synthesized using spatial-temporal gaussian process regression to model prevalence estimates by age, sex, country, and year. Data on consumption of cigarettes were used to generate estimates of cigarettes per smoker per day. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Modeled age-standardized prevalence of daily tobacco smoking by age, sex, country, and year; cigarettes per smoker per day by country and year. RESULTS: Global modeled age-standardized prevalence of daily tobacco smoking in the population older than 15 years decreased from 41.2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 40.0%-42.6%) in 1980 to 31.1% (95% UI, 30.2%-32.0%; P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ng,M., Freeman,M.K., Fleming,T.D., Robinson,M., Dwyer-Lindgren,L., Thomson,B., Wollum,A., Sanman,E., Wulf,S., Lopez,A.D., Murray,C.J., Gakidou,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking prevalence in Italy 2011 and 2012, with a focus on hand-rolled cigarettes	2013	Department of Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy. silvano.gallus@marionegri.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Preventive medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 56 Issue 5 Start Page 314 Other Pages 318 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 0322116; 2012/09/28 [received]; 2013/01/07 [revised]; 2013/02/13 [accepted]; 2013/02/24 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1096-0260; 0091-7435 Accession Number PMID: 23462480 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.02.009 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23462480 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To provide updated information on smoking prevalence in Italy, with a focus on type of tobacco product, including hand-rolled (HR) cigarettes. METHOD: Two nationally representative surveys were conducted in 2011 and 2012 in Italy on a total sample of 6167 adults. Information on type of tobacco most frequently smoked was collected. RESULTS: Current smokers were 21.7% (22.7% in 2011 and 20.8% in 2012) overall, 25.3% among men and 18.4% among women. Among smokers, 94.6% most frequently consumed manufactured cigarettes, 4.6% HR cigarettes, 0.5% cigars, 0.2% cigarillos, and 0.2% pipe and none smokeless tobacco. HR cigarette use was more frequent in men (6.9%) than in women (1.7%), in 2012 (5.9%) than in 2011 (3.4%), and among the young (15-24 years; 9.1%). The average estimated price of one HR cigarette was 0.09euro and that of a manufactured cigarette was 0.18euro. CONCLUSION: In 2012 we observed the lowest reported overall smoking prevalence in Italy, though change since 2008 has been limited. The proportion of HR cigarettes on total tobacco trade has appreciably increased, particularly among young male smokers, who appear to switch to affordable cigarettes in a period of economic crisis. Fiscal policies aiming to equalise the cost of different cigarette types are needed in Italy. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Gallus,S., Lugo,A., Colombo,P., Pacifici,R., La Vecchia,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130224 PMCID Editors
Smoking profile in village in assiut governorate, Egypt	1997		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Assiut Medical Journal Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 21 Issue 1 Start Page 201 Other Pages 211 Notes ID: 50150 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language english SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract This field study was conducted at a village in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt. Systematic random sampling was used and only males aged more than ten years were included. A total of 441 male subjects was studied. A questionnaire was filled in including details of the smoking profile and chest symptoms. The studied group consisted of 64.4% regular-, 8.2% occasional-, 6.1 ex- and 21.3% never- smokers. Hubble-bubble Goza] smoking was exclusively practiced by 46.1% in addition to 17.3% combined cigarette and Goza smoking. The majority 55.6%] were mild smokers. About two thirds started smoking before the age of 20 years and about a half was encouraged to start smoking by a friend, imitation was the main cause of smoking. Smoking habit was significantly more prevalent among the families of smokers compared with never-smokers. There was inverse relation between educational level and prevalence of smoking. Cost of smoking did not differ in accordance with socioeconomic level. Most smokers wished to stop smoking and 40.1% of them had a stop-smoking trial. Illness was the main cause of stopping smoking. About half of regular smokers had chest symptoms in contrast to only 6.4% of the never- smokers. Cough was the most evident chest symptom in the smokers. These detailed baseline data helped in the construction of effective anti-smoking plans and campaigns Descriptors Humans, Male, Abdomen, Acute - 12 YEARS, 13 - 19 YEARS, ABO Blood-Group System - 44 YEARS, Absorption - 63 YEARS, OVER 64 YEARS, Smoking, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, EPIDEMIOLOGY METHODS^0x Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/emro-50150 Book Title Database GHL; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Farouk,Atef, Zarzour,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking rates and smoking cessation preferences of pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of two large Australian maternity hospitals	2014	Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Periodical, Abbrev. Aust.N.Z.J.Obstet.Gynaecol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 54 Issue 1 Start Page 53 Other Pages 58 Notes CI: (c) 2013; JID: 0001027; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/03/27 [received]; 2013/09/23 [accepted]; 2013/11/13 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Australia ISSN/ISBN 1479-828X; 0004-8666 Accession Number PMID: 24471847 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1111/ajo.12148 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24471847 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking is the most important preventable cause of many adverse pregnancy outcomes. Some women continue to smoke during pregnancy although the harmful effects are evident. AIMS: To characterise pregnant smokers and to understand their smoking behaviours and preferences for smoking cessation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pregnant women (>/=18 years) attending the antenatal clinics of two large Victorian maternity hospitals completed a prepiloted questionnaire which included items regarding socio-demographics, smoking habits and attitudes towards quitting. RESULTS: Smoking status was self-reported by 1899 participants; 125 (6.6%) were current smokers and 604 (31.8%) were ex-smokers. There were 87 (69.6%) daily smokers and 38 (30.4%) occasional smokers. Smokers mainly had medium (54; 43.2%) or heavy nicotine dependence (45; 36%). Current smokers were younger, Australian born, not living with a partner, from a lower socio-economic background, multigravida and had a smoker in their household or among friends. Although pregnant smokers were aware of the possible complications of smoking, their motivation and confidence to quit (median) on a 10-point scale were 7 and 4, respectively. The majority of smokers preferred to stop smoking gradually (74; 71.2%). The preferred methods for quitting were medications (49; 47.6%) and hypnotherapy (35; 34.0%). Patches (28; 29.5%) were the preferred dosage form, and nicotine replacement therapy (25; 28.1%) was the preferred medication. Less than half reported that their health professionals discouraged smoking during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Health professionals should be more proactive in identifying smokers and offering smoking cessation support in pregnancy. Multidisciplinary smoking cessation interventions for pregnant smokers are warranted. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Data Source Authors Hoekzema,L., Werumeus Buning,A., Bonevski,B., Wolke,L., Wong,S., Drinkwater,P., Stewart,K., George,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131113 PMCID Editors
Smoking reductions and increased self-efficacy in a randomized controlled trial of smoking abstinence-contingent incentives in residential substance abuse treatment patients	2014	Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT salessi@uchc.edu.; Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 16 Issue 11 Start Page 1436 Other Pages 1445 Notes LR: 20160701; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: P30-DA023918/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50-DA092410/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P60 AA003510/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 DA013444/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01-DA013444/DA/NID Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24935755 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu095 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24935755 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) experience increased smoking-related morbidity and mortality but severely compromised smoking treatment benefits. Residential SUD treatment settings may be particularly positioned to target smoking, with ever-increasing smoking bans and culture shifts, but most smokers continue smoking. This study examined the effects of contingency management (CM) for increasing smoking abstinence in residential patients. METHODS: Smokers interested in quitting were recruited from a residential SUD program for men and were randomized to frequent smoking monitoring with behavioral support (monitoring; n = 21) or that plus smoking abstinence-contingent (expired carbon monoxide [CO] .05). Abstinence self-efficacy increased overall during the intervention and more with CM compared to monitoring and was associated with abstinence across conditions through follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: CM improved some measures of response to smoking treatment in residential SUD patients. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Alessi,S.M., Petry,N.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140616 PMCID PMC4271087 Editors
Smoking related behaviours in Izmir	2014	Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey. onurtura@yahoo.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tuberkuloz ve toraks Periodical, Abbrev. Tuberk.Toraks Pub Date Free Form Volume 62 Issue 2 Start Page 137 Other Pages 146 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0417364; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication Turkey ISSN/ISBN 0494-1373; 0494-1373 Accession Number PMID: 25038383 Language tur SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25038383 Abstract INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to determine the people's smoking related behaviours, using tobacco products except cigarette and characteristics about second hand smoke in Izmir. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Questionnaire including 47 questions was performed to 600 people, who were selected by Turkey Statistics Instutition to present population of Izmir. RESULTS: 53.7% of participants were female and 46.3% was male; the mean age was 41.5 +/- 15.6. 232 (39%) were smoking, 257 (42%) never smoked and 111 (19%) quited smoking. The average age for a new smoker is 18.7 +/- 6.6; men start smoking earlier than women statistically (p= 0.0001). 10.7% of participants were using tobacco products except cigarette. The smoke cessation percentage of women was statistically significantly higher than men(p= 0.006). 70.7% of active smokers were thinking about quitting. CONCLUSION: The frequency of smoking was higher than Turkey's avarage in Izmir. The mean age of starting smoking was below 18. There must be extra effort for preventing women and under 18 age who are the targets of tobacco industry from smoking. Use of tobacco products except cigarette, especially water pipe may be an emerging problem for men, high education level and under age of 35 population. Although most of the participants know about their rights of protection from smoke and the harms of second hand smoke, it is worrying to see that children have to face second hand smoke in special ownerships. Most of the smokers think to quit smoking and use medical methods for quitting. The people who think about quitting should be guided to smoking cessation clinics; by this way, the more we use scientific methods for quitting, the more we get high quit rates of smoking. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Turan,P.A., Ergor,G., Turan,O., Doganay,S., Kilinc,O. Original/Translated Title Izmir halkinin tutun kullanma ozelliklerinin belirlenmesi URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking restrictions in homes after implementation of a smoking ban in public places	2015	Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; sylvia.kairouz@concordia.ca.; Institut National de Sante Publique du Quebec, Surveillance, Research, and Evaluation, Tobacco Unit, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;; Lifesty	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 17 Issue 1 Start Page 41 Other Pages 47 Notes LR: 20160519; CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC4832964; 2014/08/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 25140045 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu125 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25140045 Abstract INTRODUCTION: This Canadian study examines the prevalence of smoking restrictions in homes before and after the implementation of a public smoking ban, and their relation to tobacco use and cessation among a cohort of smokers. METHODS: Data were from a longitudinal cohort study of 1,058 smokers in the province of Quebec, Canada. Baseline data were collected through a population-based survey conducted 1 month before the implementation of the smoking ban with a representative sample of smokers. Follow-up data were collected 18 months after the ban with a response rate of 68%. Logistic regressions, paired t tests and chi-square statistics were used to examine the factors associated with smoking restrictions in homes, cigarette consumption, and quit attempts. RESULTS: Many smokers imposed partial or full smoking restrictions in their homes but proportions of smoke-free homes did not change significantly between baseline and follow-up. The presence of young children and nonsmokers significantly predicted full smoking restriction in the home. Knowledge about risks associated with exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and skepticism about the efficacy of methods to reduce exposure in the home also predicted maintenance of voluntary smoking restrictions in homes. The uptake of smoke-free homes was not associated with the quantity of cigarettes smoked or quit attempts. CONCLUSIONS: No significant change in home smoking bans was found 18 months after implementation of a public smoking ban. There remains a need for efforts to better inform smokers about health risks from exposure to SHS in homes and the reality that strategies other than a total smoking ban inside the home are ineffective. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Kairouz,S., Lasnier,B., Mihaylova,T., Montreuil,A., Cohen,J.E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140818 PMCID PMC4832964 Editors
Smoking stages in an Iranian adolescent population	2012	Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta Medica Iranica Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Med.Iran. Pub Date Free Form Volume 50 Issue 11 Start Page 746 Other Pages 754 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 14540050R; ppublish Place of Publication Iran ISSN/ISBN 1735-9694; 0044-6025 Accession Number PMID: 23292626 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 22821 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23292626 Abstract The aim of this study is determining the prevalence of smoking stages in adolescents of Tabriz city (northwest of Iran) and identifying the personal, environmental, and psychological factors relating to cigarette smoking. Fifty-seven high schools were randomly selected, and 4903 students were completed a self-administered questionnaire about cigarette smoking and the related risk factors. The association of independent variables with cigarette smoking was evaluated using the ordinal logistic regression model. In total, 17.3% of the participants were experimenters (95% CI: 15.8-18.9) and 5.0% were regular smokers (95% CI: 3.7-6.2). The results showed that the male gender (OR=2.92; CI: 1.94-4.77), age (OR=1.27; CI: 1.02-1.64), having general risk taking behavior (OR=1.50; CI: 1.02-2.21), presence of a cigarette smoker in the family (OR=1.78; CI: 1.23-2.54), friendship with close cigarette smoker friends (OR=2.52; CI: 1.65-3.86), substance abuse experience (OR=8.27; CI: 2.61-25.61), attitude toward cigarette smoking (OR=1.22; CI: 1.10-1.27) and positive thinking about cigarette smoking (OR=1.05; CI: 1.01-1.14) are associated to cigarette smoking in adolescents. The cigarette smoking prevalence is minimal in Tabriz city adolescents, especially in girls; but the experimenter prevalence is considerable. Findings of this study justifies adopting more serious measures in the pre-adolescence and adolescence period. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mohammadpoorasl,A., Nedjat,S., Fakhari,A., Yazdani,K., Rahimi Foroushani,A., Fotouhi,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking status in Iranian male adolescents: a cross-sectional study and a meta-analysis	2013	Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries, Research Centre, Ilam Universty of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran. Nazarzadeh_milad@yahoo.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 38 Issue 6 Start Page 2214 Other Pages 2218 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 7603486; 0 (Analgesics, Opioid); 39J1LGJ30J (Tramadol); 2012/07/30 [received]; 2012/11/27 [revised]; 2013/01/29 [accepted]; 2013/02/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 23501137 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.01.018 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23501137 Abstract The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of smoking status and its associated factors in Iranian adolescents and a meta-analysis of recent cross-sectional studies in order to estimate the corresponding prevalence for all Iranian adolescents. In a cross-sectional study, 1064 male high school students in Zanjan city (northwest of Iran) were recruited. A self-administered questionnaire was used for smoking status and associated factors. Through the meta-analysis, all relevant published studies were reviewed. Almost one-third of adolescents (34.2%, n=354) have experienced smoking either experimentally (23.4%, n=242), or regularly (10.8%, n=112). Multivariate analysis showed that older age (OR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.05-1.37), risky behaviors (OR=1.83; 1.25-2.68), Tramadol medication (OR=2.19; 1.54-3.11), low self-esteem (OR=1.07; 1.03-1.11), positive attitude toward smoking (OR=1.15; 1.09-1.21), positive thinking about smoking (OR=1.07; 1.01-1.14) and having smoker friends (OR=1.94; 1.36-2.77) were significantly associated with cigarette smoking in adolescents. Meta-analysis results showed that 7% of Iranian adolescents are regular smokers and 27% are experimenters. Increasing prevalence of smoking in Iranian adolescents is a major concern for public health. Controlling risky behaviors and increasing health education are recommended. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Nazarzadeh,M., Bidel,Z., Ayubi,E., Bahrami,A., Jafari,F., Mohammadpoorasl,A., Delpisheh,A., Taremian,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130204 PMCID Editors

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