Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author Sort descending | SearchLink |
|---|---|---|---|
| Airborne exposure and biological monitoring of bar and restaurant workers before and after the introduction of a smoking ban | 2006 | National Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 8149 Dep, N-0033, Oslo, Norway. dag.ellingsen@stami.no | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Environ.Monit.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
8
Issue
3
Start Page
362
Other Pages
368
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 100968688; 0 (Air Pollutants, Occupational); 0 (Dust); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); 2006/02/20 [aheadofprint]; 2006/03/09 [epublish]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1464-0325; 1464-0325
Accession Number
PMID: 16528420
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1039/b600050a [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
16528420
Abstract
The aims were to assess the impact of a total smoking ban on the level of airborne contaminants and the urinary cotinine levels in the employees in bars and restaurants. In a follow up design, 13 bars and restaurants were visited before and after the implementation of a smoking ban. Ninety-three employees in the establishments were initially included into the study. The arithmetic mean concentration of nicotine and total dust declined from 28.3 microg m(-3) (range, 0.4-88.0) and 262 microg m(-3) (range, 52-662), respectively, to 0.6 microg m(-3) (range, not detected-3.7) and 77 microg m(-3) (range, not detected-261) after the smoking ban. The Pearson correlation coefficient between airborne nicotine and total dust was 0.86 (p < 0.001; n = 48). The post-shift geometric mean urinary cotinine concentration declined from 9.5 microg g(-1) creatinine (cr) (95% CI 6.5-13.7) to 1.4 microg g(-1) cr (95% CI 0.8-2.5) after the ban (p < 0.001) in 25 non-snuffing non-smokers. A reduction from 1444 microg g(-1) cr (95% CI 957-2180) to 688 microg g(-1) cr (95% CI 324-1458) was found (p < 0.05) in 29 non-snuffing smokers. The urinary cotinine levels increased from 11.7 microg g(-1) cr (95% CI 7.0-19.6) post-shift to 21.9 microg g(-1) cr (95% CI 13.3-36.3) (p < 0.01) in the next morning in 24 non-snuffing non-smokers before the smoking ban. A substantial reduction of airborne nicotine and total dust was observed after the introduction of a smoking ban in bars and restaurants. The urinary cotinine levels were reduced in non-smokers. The decline found in smokers may suggest a reduction in the amount of smoking after intervention. In non-smokers cotinine concentrations were higher based on urine sampled the morning after a shift than based on urine sampled immediately post-shift.
Descriptors
Adult, Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cotinine/urine, Dust/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine/analysis, Norway, Occupational Exposure/analysis, Public Facilities/legislation & jurisprudence, Restaurants, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence, Time Factors, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Ellingsen,D. G., Fladseth,G., Daae,H. L., Gjolstad,M., Kjaerheim,K., Skogstad,M., Olsen,R., Thorud,S., Molander,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20060220
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Quality assessment of Romanian bottled mineral water and tap water | 2016 | National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Atomistilor 409, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania. elfrida.carstea@inoe.ro.; National Institute of R&D for Optoelectronics, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, Donath 67, 400293, Cluj-Na | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental monitoring and assessment
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Monit.Assess.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
188
Issue
9
Start Page
521
Other Pages
016-5531-9. Epub 2016 Aug 15
Notes
JID: 8508350; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/02/23 [received]; 2016/08/03 [accepted]; 2016/08/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1573-2959; 0167-6369
Accession Number
PMID: 27526046
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1007/s10661-016-5531-9 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27526046
Abstract
This study reports the evaluation of bottled mineral water characteristics using fluorescence spectroscopy (synchronous fluorescence scans and emission spectra) and physico-chemical analyses. Samples from 14 still mineral water brands were compared to 11 tap waters collected from two Romanian cities. Correlation and factor analyses were undertaken to understand the relationships between the individual components. The concentration of major and minor ions showed great variation between the bottled mineral water samples highlighting the diversity of the water intakes, while in the case of tap water the chemical composition was relatively similar for samples collected in the same city. Fluorescence data showed that the mineral water contained low quantities of organic matter. The humic fraction was dominant in all samples, while the microbial fraction was low in most samples. Synchronous fluorescence scans provided more information, regarding the composition of organic matter, compared to emission spectra. The study evidenced the correlation between fluorescence parameters and major elements and highlighted the potential of using fluorescence for qualitative evaluation of the bottled mineral water quality, as a screening method before undertaking complex analyses.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
M Carstea,E., Levei,E.A., Hoaghia,M.A., Savastru,R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160815
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Early adolescent patterns of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana polysubstance use and young adult substance use outcomes in a nationally representative sample | 2014 | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, United States. Electronic address: psych.hmossmd@gmail.com.; Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System, CSR, Incorporated, United States.; Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System, CSR, Incorporated, United States. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Drug and alcohol dependence
Periodical, Abbrev.
Drug Alcohol Depend.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Mar
Volume
136
Issue
Start Page
51
Other Pages
62
Notes
CI: Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.; JID: 7513587; OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/07/30 [received]; 2013/12/09 [revised]; 2013/12/14 [accepted]; 2013/12/31 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Ireland
ISSN/ISBN
1879-0046; 0376-8716
Accession Number
PMID: 24434016
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.12.011 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24434016
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Alcohol, tobacco and marijuana are the most commonly used drugs by adolescents in the U.S. However, little is known about the patterning of early adolescent substance use, and its implications for problematic involvement with substances in young adulthood. We examined patterns of substance use prior to age 16, and their associations with young adult substance use behaviors and substance use disorders in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents. METHOD: Using data from Wave 4 of the Add Health Survey (n=4245), we estimated the prevalence of various patterns of early adolescent use of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana use individually and in combination. Then we examined the effects of patterns of early use of these substances on subsequent young adult substance use behaviors and DSM-IV substance use disorders. RESULTS: While 34.4% of individuals reported no substance use prior to age 16, 34.1% reported either early use of both alcohol and marijuana or alcohol, marijuana and cigarettes, indicating the relatively high prevalence of this type of polysubstance use behavior among U.S. adolescents. Early adolescent use of all three substances was most strongly associated with a spectrum of young adult substance use problems, as well as DSM-IV substance use disorder diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: This research confirms the elevated prevalence and importance of polysubstance use behavior among adolescents prior to age 16, and puts early onset of alcohol, marijuana and cigarette use into the context of use patterns rather than single drug exposures.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Moss,H.B., Chen,C.M., Yi,H.Y.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20131231
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Quantitative comparisons between a nicotine delivery device (Eclipse) and conventional cigarette smoking | 2004 | National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
6
Issue
1
Start Page
95
Other Pages
102
Notes
LR: 20151119; GR: 5-P50-CA84718/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1462-2203; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 14982693
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1080/14622200310001656911 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
14982693
Abstract
In 1997, R. J. Reynolds introduced Eclipse, a nicotine delivery device (NDD) purported to deliver lower levels of smoke than conventional cigarettes. This NDD uses a carbon fuel element to vaporize the nicotine in the rod; the user then inhales the nicotine vapor. In the present study, the effects of this NDD on smoking topography; substance delivery factors; and physiological, subjective, and biochemical markers of smoking were compared with commercial cigarettes (referred to as Own Brand). All smoking occurred ad lib with the cigarette or NDD hand-held (conventional) or held in a topography mouthpiece. A total of 10 adults (seven males) smoked on five occasions: NDD conventional, NDD topography, Own Brand conventional, Own Brand topography (twice). Sessions were separated by at least 24 hr. Measures were taken before and 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min after smoking. The NDD took longer to smoke (366 s vs. 292 s), required more puffs (14.8 vs. 10.8), and caused a larger increase in exhaled carbon monoxide (CO; 7.3 ppm vs. 4.2 ppm) than Own Brand. However, venous plasma nicotine boost was significantly larger 2 min after smoking Own Brand as compared with the NDD (16.4 ng/ml vs. 10.7 ng/ml). Puff volume (90.7 ml vs. 63.0 ml) and puff velocity (81.6 ml/s vs. 58.2 ml/s) were greater after the NDD than Own Brand, whereas inter-puff interval and puff duration were similar. Subjects rated the NDD as less satisfying (5.2 vs. 9.8), less rewarding (9.5 vs. 14.3), and more aversive (5.0 vs. 3.1) than their own brand. The results of this study indicate that this NDD exposes the user to significant quantities of nicotine, CO, and possibly other harmful components of tobacco smoke. The findings further validate the use of a topography device as an effective instrument to quantify smoke exposure.
Descriptors
Adult, Blood Pressure/drug effects, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Equipment Design, Female, Heart Rate/drug effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine/administration & dosage/adverse effects/blood, Smoking Cessation/methods, Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology, Volatilization
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lee,E. M., Malson,J. L., Moolchan,E. T., Pickworth,W. B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Smoking topography: reliability and validity in dependent smokers | 2003 | National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore MD 21224, USA. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
5
Issue
5
Start Page
673
Other Pages
679
Notes
LR: 20131121; GR: P50CA84718/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1462-2203; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 14577984
Language
eng
SubFile
Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM
DOI
20TYV58QGN587M46 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
14577984
Abstract
Data from two studies were analyzed to determine whether smoking through the mouthpiece of a topography unit yields consistent measures over time and to verify that smoking through a mouthpiece results in a similar degree of smoke exposure as conventional smoking. In both studies, subjects smoked their usual brand of cigarette ad libitum. In study A, subjects (n=7) smoked through a mouthpiece on 4 separate experimental days. In study B, subjects (n=10) smoked on 2 separate days: Once conventionally and once through a mouthpiece. In both studies, exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) and physiological effects (heart rate and blood pressure) were measured before and after smoking. In study B, plasma nicotine concentrations also were measured. In study A, puff volume, puff duration, interpuff interval, and maximum puff velocity averaged 30.8 ml,.9 s, 19.9 s, and 44.6 ml/s, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients computed for puff volume (0.66), puff duration (0.75), and maximum puff velocity (0.68) indicated that these measures showed good reliability. In study B, smoking through the mouthpiece yielded similar topographical (time to smoke and number of puffs per cigarette) measures as conventional smoking. Also similar were changes in biochemical values: Plasma nicotine (18.5 ng/ml vs. 25.5 ng/ml), exhaled CO (4.6 ppm vs. 5.1 ppm), and heart rate (8.6 beats/min vs. 7.4 beats/min) for conventional and topography mouthpiece smoking conditions, respectively. Topography measures did not differ significantly between the two studies. Overall, the data from these two small-sample studies suggest that smoking topography provides a valid and reliable index of conventional smoking and an indirect measure of smoke exposure.
Descriptors
Adult, Blood Pressure, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Equipment Design, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Models, Theoretical, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Smoking, Tobacco Use Disorder
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lee,E. M., Malson,J. L., Waters,A. J., Moolchan,E. T., Pickworth,W. B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Magazine hyped: Trends in tobacco advertising and readership characteristics, 2010-2014 | 2016 | National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Electronic address: sherine.el-toukhy@nih.gov.; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Division of Intramural Re | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Preventive medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
9-Aug
Volume
Issue
Start Page
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20160813; CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 0322116; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/06/02 [received]; 2016/07/13 [revised]; 2016/08/08 [accepted]; aheadofprint
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0260; 0091-7435
Accession Number
PMID: 27519170
Language
ENG
SubFile
JOURNAL ARTICLE
DOI
S0091-7435(16)30223-7 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
27519170
Abstract
We tracked magazine advertisements for seven tobacco products in US magazines from 2010 to 2014 and examined magazine readership characteristics that are associated with advertising placement in 2014. Advertising data came from Kantar Media's Intelligence and readership data came from a 2014 Experian's nationally representative survey of 4667 adult tobacco users. At magazine level, we aggregated total and product-specific number of advertisements and expenditures by year and calculated readership demographics. We used linear and Poisson regression models to examine trends in number of tobacco advertisements and expenditures and readership characteristics associated with number of tobacco advertisements in 2014. Analyses were conducted in 2015. There were 5317 tobacco advertisements with expenditures of $796 million that appeared in 322 magazines during 2010-2014. Cigarette advertisements accounted for 2928 (55%), followed by e-cigarettes (n=862, 16%), and snus (n=534, 10%). Advertisements increased by 2.79ad/year for cigarettes, 1.94ad/year for e-cigarettes, and 0.78ad/year for chewing tobacco (p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
El-Toukhy,S.M., Choi,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20160809
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Transitions between the stages of smoking in Iranian adolescents | 2011 | National Public Health Management Center (NPMC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. poorasl@yahoo.com | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Preventive medicine
Periodical, Abbrev.
Prev.Med.
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
52
Issue
2
Start Page
136
Other Pages
138
Notes
LR: 20120508; CI: Copyright (c) 2010; JID: 0322116; 2010/06/09 [received]; 2010/11/24 [revised]; 2010/11/25 [accepted]; 2010/12/09 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1096-0260; 0091-7435
Accession Number
PMID: 21145915
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.11.024 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21145915
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence of smoking, the rates of transitions, and predictors of transition through the three stages of smoking. METHODS: A total of 1785 high school students in Tabriz (northwest of Iran) were assessed at 2 time points with a 12-month interval in 2005 and 2006, regarding changes in smoking stages. The predictor variables were measured when the students were in the 10th grade. Logistic regression was employed to predict the different smoking stages at grade 11. RESULTS: The results showed that 14.3% (95% confidence interval, 12.3%-16.4%) and 2.8% (2.0%-4.0%) of the never smokers became experimenters and regular smokers, respectively, whereas 16.5% (12.4%-21.7%) of the experimenters became regular smokers. Among never smokers, participation in groups with at least one smoker (odds ratio, 1.24 (95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.47)), having smoker friends (1.85 (1.21-2.83)), and a positive attitude toward smoking (1.22 (1.02-1.46)) predicted smoking experience. Among the experimenters, those who had general risk behaviors (2.56 (1.12-5.87)) and participated in groups with at least one smoker (2.58 (1.26-5.31)) significantly progressed to becoming a regular smoker at the follow-up. CONCLUSION: Prevention of smoking in adolescence should begin by focusing on the predictors of transition through smoking stages, especially participating in smoker groups.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier Inc
Data Source
Authors
Mohammadpoorasl,A., Fakhari,A., Shamsipour,M., Rostami,F., Rashidian,H.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20101209
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Respiratory effects in children from passive smoking of cigarettes and narghile: ISAAC Phase Three in Syria | 2014 | National Research Center for Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Lattakia, Syria.; National Research Center for Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Lattakia, Syria.; National Research Cen | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Tuberc.Lung Dis.
Pub Date Free Form
Nov
Volume
18
Issue
11
Start Page
1279
Other Pages
1284
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9706389; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish
Place of Publication
France
ISSN/ISBN
1815-7920; 1027-3719
Accession Number
PMID: 25299858
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.5588/ijtld.13.0912 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25299858
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The association between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and asthma symptoms is well documented, but a causal relationship is inconclusive. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three was the first to report a dose-response relationship between current wheezing and exposure to parental cigarette smoke. As exposure of children to water pipe (narghile) smoke is of concern in Syria, in the ISAAC Phase Three Tartous Centre we also examined the role of parental smoking of the narghile. METHODS: Parents of children aged 6-7 years completed core written questionnaires about the prevalence of symptoms, and an environmental questionnaire for other risk factors, including parental cigarette smoking. We added questions about narghile to the questionnaire. RESULTS: Among 2 734 pupils (49% females) surveyed, we found an association between exposure to ETS of the mother smoking cigarette or narghile and ever wheezing, nocturnal cough and severe wheeze; however, the strongest association was found when the mother smoked narghile. Mother smoking narghile was also associated with exercise wheeze. Father smoking narghile, but not cigarettes, was associated with nocturnal cough, severe wheeze and exercise wheeze. The association with current wheeze became significant when mother smoked both cigarettes and narghile; however, the effect was addititive and not synergic. CONCLUSION: We recommend that international studies investigating ETS include questions on narghile smoking.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Mohammad,Y., Shaaban,R., Hassan,M., Yassine,F., Mohammad,S., Tessier,J.F., Ellwood,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Novel PCR-based identification of Weissella confusa using an AFLP-derived marker | 2011 | National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), Bari, Italy. vincenzina.fusco@ispa.cnr.it | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of food microbiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Food Microbiol.
Pub Date Free Form
28-Feb
Volume
145
Issue
3-Feb
Start Page
437
Other Pages
443
Notes
CI: Copyright (c) 2011; JID: 8412849; 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (DNA Primers); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 2010/10/06 [received]; 2010/12/13 [revised]; 2011/01/08 [accepted]; 2011/01/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Netherlands
ISSN/ISBN
1879-3460; 0168-1605
Accession Number
PMID: 21296447
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.01.015 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21296447
Abstract
An extensive use of Weissella (W.) confusa is currently being made for the production of a variety of fermented foods and beverages although some strains of this species have emerged as opportunistic pathogens for humans and animals. Nevertheless, no rapid methods are available for the reliable identification of W. confusa. We developed a novel PCR using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism)-derived primers for the rapid and unequivocal identification of W. confusa. Fluorescent AFLP of 30 strains of W. confusa, Leuconostoc citreum, Lactobacillus (Lb.) brevis, Lb. rossiae, Lb. plantarum and Lb. buchneri allowed us to detect, purify and sequence several W. confusa specific AFLP fragments. The homology search in BLAST of a 303 bp nucleotide sequence revealed a = 77% identity of the purified fragment with the lepA gene of several lactic acid bacteria. A PCR assay targeting 225 bp of this fragment was developed and tested against the DNA of 109 strains, including 34 foodborne and clinical W. confusa and 75 strains of 47 phylogenetically closely and distantly related species, resulting in 100% specificity with a detection limit of 16 pg. Being the first species-specific PCR to date developed for the rapid and unambiguous identification of W. confusa, this novel assay could be a reliable and efficient tool for detecting W. confusa not only in food and beverages, but also in clinical specimens, thus contributing to clarify its real significance in human and animal infections.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Elsevier B.V
Data Source
Authors
Fusco,V., Quero,G.M., Stea,G., Morea,M., Visconti,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110118
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Quit smoking advice from health professionals in Taiwan: the role of funding policy and smoker socioeconomic status | 2010 | National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan. fongchingchang@ntnu.edu.tw | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Feb
Volume
19
Issue
1
Start Page
44
Other Pages
49
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9209612; OID: NLM: PMC2921261; 2009/12/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 19965797
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1136/tc.2009.031435 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
19965797
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: In 2002, Taiwan launched a program to encourage doctors to provide brief cessation counselling to their patients during routine outpatient visits. This study is to compare and analyse the annual prevalence rate of receiving advice to quit smoking from health professionals before (2004) and after (2005, 2006) the increase in funding and the withdrawal of additional funding (2007). METHODS: We analysed pooled data from 2004 to 2007 Taiwan Adult Tobacco Survey, an annual random digit dialling telephone survey, to estimate the prevalence of receiving quit advice among ever smokers across these years. Smoking characteristics and the socioeconomic factors of smokers associated with receipt of advice to quit smoking were also examined. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of receiving quit advice increased from 21.1% in 2004 to 28.2% in 2006, and then decreased slightly to 27.6% in 2007 after the funds were cut. Multivariate analyses results indicated that increasing financing for smoking cessation services in 2005, being male, older, a daily cigarette user, having previously attempted to quit, perceiving oneself as having poor health and being aware of the benefits of smoking cessation services were significantly positively associated with receiving quit advice from health professionals. In contrast, smokers who were younger, female and occasional cigarette users were less likely to receive quit advice. Also, smokers with socioeconomic disadvantages were not less likely to receive quit advice. CONCLUSIONS: During the period of increased funding for smoking cessation services, the rates of receiving quit advice increased among all smokers and across different socioeconomic groups.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Directive Counseling/economics/methods, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Patient Education as Topic/economics/methods, Practice Patterns, Physicians'/economics/statistics & numerical data, Prevalence, Sex Factors, Smoking Cessation/economics/methods, Socioeconomic Factors, Taiwan, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chang,F. C., Hu,T. W., Lo,S. Y., Yu,P. T., Chao,K. Y., Hsiao,M. L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20091203
PMCID
PMC2921261
Editors
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