WTS database

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Which nicotine products are gateways to regular use? First-tried tobacco and current use in college students	2015	Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater; Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Electronic address: ellen.meier@okstate.edu.; Oklahoma State University, Department of Psychology, Stillwater; Oklahoma Tobacco Res	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Preventive Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Prev.Med. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 48 Issue 1 Suppl 1 Start Page S86 Other Pages 93 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2015; JID: 8704773; 2014/05/08 [received]; 2014/09/17 [revised]; 2014/09/24 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-2607; 0749-3797 Accession Number PMID: 25528714 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.09.018 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25528714 Abstract BACKGROUND: The potential for emerging tobacco products (ETPs) to be gateway products for further tobacco use among youth is of significant concern. PURPOSE: To examine use of various nicotine-containing products on a tobacco-free college campus and whether the first product tried predicts subsequent tobacco use. METHODS: Undergraduate students (N=1,304) at a large university completed an online survey of past/current use of cigarettes; smokeless tobacco (SLT); hookah; ETPs (dissolvables, snus, and electronic cigarettes); and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Data were collected from September 2012 to May 2013 and analyses were conducted from June to September 2013. Students were classified as single, dual, or poly tobacco users. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 79.5% non-users, 13.8% single, 4.4% dual, and 1.5% poly users. Overall, 49.4% of participants reported trying a tobacco product. Hookah was the most tried product (38%), but cigarettes were most often the first product ever tried (51%). First product tried did not predict current tobacco use and non-use, but individuals who first tried SLT or cigarettes (rather than hookah or ETPs) were more likely to be poly tobacco users. Current tobacco users who first tried ETPs or hookah were largely non-daily users of hookah; current tobacco users who first tried cigarettes or SLT were largely non-daily or daily users of cigarettes/SLT. CONCLUSIONS: Hookah and ETPs are increasingly becoming the first tobacco product ever tried by youth; however, uptake of ETPs is poor, unlike cigarettes and SLT, and does not appear to lead to significant daily/non-daily use of cigarettes and SLT. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Meier,E.M., Tackett,A.P., Miller,M.B., Grant,D.M., Wagener,T.L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Social Vulnerability and Ebola Virus Disease in Rural Liberia	2015	Center for Forest Disturbance Science, U.S. Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.; Center for Forest Disturbance Science, U.S. Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.; Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research, U.S.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full PloS one Periodical, Abbrev. PLoS One Pub Date Free Form 1-Sep Volume 10 Issue 9 Start Page e0137208 Other Pages Notes LR: 20150911; JID: 101285081; OID: NLM: PMC4556488; 2015 [ecollection]; 2015/02/06 [received]; 2015/08/14 [accepted]; 2015/09/01 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-6203; 1932-6203 Accession Number PMID: 26325519 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0137208 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26325519 Abstract The Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic that has stricken thousands of people in the three West African countries of Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea highlights the lack of adaptive capacity in post-conflict countries. The scarcity of health services in particular renders these populations vulnerable to multiple interacting stressors including food insecurity, climate change, and the cascading effects of disease epidemics such as EVD. However, the spatial distribution of vulnerable rural populations and the individual stressors contributing to their vulnerability are unknown. We developed a Social Vulnerability Classification using census indicators and mapped it at the district scale for Liberia. According to the Classification, we estimate that districts having the highest social vulnerability lie in the north and west of Liberia in Lofa, Bong, Grand Cape Mount, and Bomi Counties. Three of these counties together with the capital Monrovia and surrounding Montserrado and Margibi counties experienced the highest levels of EVD infections in Liberia. Vulnerability has multiple dimensions and a classification developed from multiple variables provides a more holistic view of vulnerability than single indicators such as food insecurity or scarcity of health care facilities. Few rural Liberians are food secure and many cannot reach a medical clinic in Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stanturf,J.A., Goodrick,S.L., Warren,M.L.,Jr, Charnley,S., Stegall,C.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150901 PMCID PMC4556488 Editors
Eliciting preferences for waterpipe tobacco smoking using a discrete choice experiment: implications for product regulation	2015	Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International Univers	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ open Periodical, Abbrev. BMJ Open Pub Date Free Form 9-Sep Volume 5 Issue 9 Start Page e009497 Other Pages 2015-009497 Notes LR: 20160413; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: R01 DA035160/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 2044-6055; 2044-6055 Accession Number PMID: 26353876 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009497 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26353876 Abstract OBJECTIVES: Waterpipe smoking is highly prevalent among university students, and has been increasing in popularity despite mounting evidence showing it is harmful to health. The aim of this study was to measure preferences for waterpipe smoking and determine which product characteristics are most important to smokers. SETTING: A large university in the Southeastern USA. PARTICIPANTS: Adult waterpipe smokers attending the university (N=367). DESIGN: Participants completed an Internet-based discrete choice experiment to reveal their preferences for, and trade-offs between, the attributes of hypothetical waterpipe smoking sessions. Participants were presented with waterpipe lounge menus, each with three fruit-flavoured options and one tobacco flavoured option, in addition to an opt out option. Nicotine content and price were provided for each choice. Participants were randomised to either receive menus with a text-only health-warning message or no message. OUTCOME MEASURES: Multinomial and nested logit models were used to estimate the impact on consumer choice of attributes and between-subject assignment of health warnings respectively. RESULTS: On average, participants preferred fruit-flavoured varieties to tobacco flavour. They were averse to options labelled with higher nicotine content. Females and non-smokers of cigarettes were more likely than their counterparts to prefer flavoured and nicotine-free varieties. Participants exposed to a health warning were more likely to opt out. CONCLUSIONS: Fruit-flavoured tobacco and lower nicotine content labels, two strategies widely used by the industry, increase the demand for waterpipe smoking among young adults. Waterpipe-specific regulation should limit the availability of flavoured waterpipe tobacco and require accurate labelling of constituents. Waterpipe-specific tobacco control regulation, along with research to inform policy, is required to curb this emerging public health threat. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Salloum,R.G., Maziak,W., Hammond,D., Nakkash,R., Islam,F., Cheng,X., Thrasher,J.F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150909 PMCID PMC4567671 Editors
In vitro susceptibility of amphotericin-B, voriconazole and caspofungin against Candida guilliermondii biofilms, isolated from dentals units water pipes, under different growth phases	2015	Laboratory of Antibiotics Antifungals: physico-chemistry, synthesis and biological activity, Department of Biology, Tlemcen University, BP119 Imama, Tlemcen, Algeria. Electronic address: wissame85@yahoo.fr.; Laboratory of Antibiotics Antifungals: physico-	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal de mycologie medicale Periodical, Abbrev. J.Mycol.Med. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 25 Issue 1 Start Page 57 Other Pages 62 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9425651; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Echinocandins); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); F0XDI6ZL63 (caspofungin); JFU09I87TR (Voriconazole); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/08/22 [received]; 2014/10/01 [revised]; 2014/10/30 [accepted]; 2014/11/08 [ Place of Publication France ISSN/ISBN 1773-0449; 1156-5233 Accession Number PMID: 25533329 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.10.027 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25533329 Abstract OBJECTIVE: The dental units water pipes are a favorable medium for biofilms formation because of the small diameter of the pipe and the duration of water stagnation, but the question which arises is the nature of the biofilms which are formed inside? This article gives a progress report on the nature of this microbial contamination and precisely the fungal biofilms formation by examining their susceptibility to antifungal agents under different growth phases. METHODS: Sixteen samples of dental units water pipes were taken from public dental clinic and from stomatology unit at the university hospital of Tlemcen (Algeria). The isolated strains were identified by the conventional mycological methods and were analyzed to determine their minimal concentrations inhibiting their growth (planktonic and sessile forms) using three antifungal agents. RESULTS: Five strains type Candida guilliermondii were identified and analyzed for their resistance to antifungal agents. Antifungal susceptibility testing demonstrated the sensitivity of all planktonic Candida guilliermondii cells against amphotericin-B, voriconzole and caspofungin but the sessile cells of these strains revealed a less susceptibility to antifungal agents and even a resistance when the biofilm made mature. CONCLUSION: Several types of yeast contaminated the dental units water pipes and especially Candida guilliermondii that was the most founded. This specie was susceptible to antifungal agents under planctonic forms and resistance where the biofilm made mature. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Masson SAS Data Source Authors Mazari,W., Boucherit-Otmani,Z., Boucherit,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141108 PMCID Editors
A qualitative assessment of the perceived risks of electronic cigarette and hookah use in pregnancy	2015	Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. maike.sachs@bcm.edu.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor C	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 21-Dec Volume 15 Issue Start Page 1273 Other Pages 015-2586-4 Notes LR: 20151224; GR: P30ES023512/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC4687310; 2015/06/04 [received]; 2015/12/08 [accepted]; 2015/12/21 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 26692352 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/s12889-015-2586-4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26692352 Abstract BACKGROUND: Studies reveal that electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) and hookah use are increasing among adolescents and young adults. However, the long-term health effects are unknown, especially with regards to pregnancy. Because of the increased use in women of reproductive age, and the unknown long-term health risks, our primary objectives were to determine the perceived risks of e-cigarette and hookah use in pregnancy, and learn common colloquial terms associated with e-cigarettes. Furthermore, we sought to determine if there is a stigma associated with e-cigarette use in pregnancy. METHODS: Eleven focus groups including 87 participants were conducted immediately following regularly scheduled CenteringPregnancy(R) prenatal care with women at three different clinics in the greater Houston area. A minimum of two facilitators led the groups, using ten lead-in prompts, with Spanish translation as necessary. Facilitators took notes which were compared immediately following each group discussion and each group was audio recorded and transcribed. Three facilitators utilized NVivo 9.0 software to organize the transcribed data into nodes to identify major themes. To increase rigor, transcripts were further analyzed by two obstetricians who were instructed to find the major themes. RESULTS: Analyses revealed contradicting themes concerning e-cigarette use. In general, e-cigarettes were perceived as safer alternatives to regular tobacco cigarettes, especially if used as smoking cessation devices. A major theme is that use in pregnancy is harmful to the fetus. However, it was perceived that use for smoking cessation in pregnancy may have fewer side effects. We found that a common term for e-cigarettes is "Blu." In our discussion of hookah use, participants perceived use as popular among teenagers and that use in pregnancy is dangerous for the fetus. CONCLUSIONS: Although a strong theme emerged against hookah use, we found contradicting themes in our discussions on e-cigarette use in pregnancy. It is possible that e-cigarette use will not carry the same stigma as regular cigarette smoking in pregnancy. In addition, the impression of e-cigarettes as a healthier alternative to smoking may influence use in pregnancy. Clinicians need to be prepared for questions of e-cigarette safety and efficacy as smoking cessation devices from their pregnant patients who smoke, and women who smoke and are planning to become pregnant. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kahr,M.K., Padgett,S., Shope,C.D., Griffin,E.N., Xie,S.S., Gonzalez,P.J., Levison,J., Mastrobattista,J., Abramovici,A.R., Northrup,T.F., Stotts,A.L., Aagaard,K.M., Suter,M.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151221 PMCID PMC4687310 Editors
Role of iron and aluminum coagulant metal residuals and lead release from drinking water pipe materials	2015	a Department of Civil & Resource Engineering , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental science and health.Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Sci.Health.A.Tox.Hazard.Subst.Environ.Eng. Pub Date Free Form Volume 50 Issue 4 Start Page 414 Other Pages 423 Notes LR: 20160526; JID: 9812551; 0 (Chlorides); 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Sulfates); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 2P299V784P (Lead); CPD4NFA903 (Aluminum); E1UOL152H7 (Iron); OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1532-4117; 1093-4529 Accession Number PMID: 25723068 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/10934529.2015.987550 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25723068 Abstract Bench-scale experiments investigated the role of iron and aluminum residuals in lead release in a low alkalinity and high (> 0.5) chloride-to-sulfate mass ratio (CSMR) in water. Lead leaching was examined for two lead-bearing plumbing materials, including harvested lead pipe and new lead: tin solder, after exposure to water with simulated aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride and ferric sulfate coagulation treatments with 1-25-muM levels of iron or aluminum residuals in the water. The release of lead from systems with harvested lead pipe was highly correlated with levels of residual aluminum or iron present in samples (R(2) = 0.66-0.88), consistent with sorption of lead onto the aluminum and iron hydroxides during stagnation. The results indicate that aluminum and iron coagulant residuals, at levels complying with recommended guidelines, can sometimes play a significant role in lead mobilization from premise plumbing. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Knowles,A.D., Nguyen,C.K., Edwards,M.A., Stoddart,A., McIlwain,B., Gagnon,G.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Hookah Smoking and Facilitators/Barriers to Lounge Use among Students at a US University	2015	Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health (CBEACH), San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA. nadakassem@hotmail.com.; Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health (CBEACH), San Diego State University Res	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Health Behavior Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Health Behav. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 39 Issue 6 Start Page 832 Other Pages 848 Notes LR: 20151013; GR: 5R01CA138192/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: 5R01HL103684/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA138192/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 HL103684/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9602338; NIHMS722080; OID: NLM: NIHMS722080 Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1945-7359; 1087-3244 Accession Number PMID: 26450551 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.5993/AJHB.39.6.11 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26450551 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine hookah tobacco use, hookah lounge attendance, and facilitators and barriers to hookah lounge attendance. METHODS: A cross-sectional Web-based survey of a random sample of 1332 undergraduate students (Mean Age = 21.2 years) attending a United States university. RESULTS: The majority of respondents (72.8%) had ever smoked hookah tobacco, and 28% of those had ever smoked during adolescence. The majority of ever hookah smokers (81.5%) and a portion of never hookah smokers (20%) had ever been to a hookah lounge. The adjusted odds of ever visiting a hookah lounge were 2.1 times higher among participants who reported that the closest hookah lounge to the university was /= 5 miles away. Facilitators of visiting hookah lounges included friends and close proximity of hookah lounges to campus; barriers included cost of smoking hookah, crowded lounges, and having to be 18 years old. CONCLUSION: Youth are vulnerable to experimenting with hookah tobacco smoking. Hookah lounges provide patrons the opportunity to smoke hookah tobacco with smoker and non-smoker friends in entertaining settings. Our findings suggest that zoning laws and anti-hookah smoking legislation may help curb hookah uptake by prohibiting hookah lounges from opening in close proximity to universities, reducing the density of hookah lounges in cities, and raising the admission age for hookah lounges to 21 years. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kassem,N.O., Jackson,S.R., Boman-Davis,M., Kassem,N.O., Liles,S., Daffa,R.M., Yasmin,R., Madanat,H., Hovell,M.F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4594953 Editors
Critical analysis of the published literature about the effects of narghile use on oral health	2015	Department of Dental Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.; Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia, Department of Physiology and Functional Exploration, Fa	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Libyan journal of medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Libyan J.Med. Pub Date Free Form 9-Nov Volume 10 Issue Start Page 30001 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151214; JID: 101299403; OID: NLM: PMC4641890; 2015 [ecollection]; epublish Place of Publication Sweden ISSN/ISBN 1819-6357; 1819-6357 Accession Number PMID: 26561406 Language eng SubFile Letter; IM DOI 10.3402/ljm.v10.30001 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26561406 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Khemiss,M., Rouatbi,S., Berrezouga,L., Ben Saad,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151109 PMCID PMC4641890 Editors
Low vitamin D, and bone mineral density with depressive symptoms burden in menopausal and postmenopausal women	2015	Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey ; Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Mancheste	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of mid-life health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Midlife Health. Pub Date Free Form Jul-Sep Volume 6 Issue 3 Start Page 108 Other Pages 114 Notes LR: 20151107; JID: 101552746; OID: NLM: PMC4604669; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication India ISSN/ISBN 0976-7800 Accession Number PMID: 26538987 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.4103/0976-7800.165590 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26538987 Abstract BACKGROUND: The reported association between vitamin D level and loss of Bone mineral densitometry measurements (BMD) has been controversial. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to determine whether low vitamin D level and BMD are associated with depresive symptoms as burden in Arab women during the menopausal and postmenopausal period. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used at the Primary Health Care (PHC) Centers in Qatar. SUBJECTS: A multi-stage sampling design was used and a representative sample of 1436 women aged 45-65 years were included during July 2012 and November 2013 and 1106 women agreed to participate (77.2%) and responded to the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BMD (g/m(2)) was assessed at the BMD unit using a Lunar Prodigy DXA system (Lunar Corp., Madison, WI). The antero-posterior lumbar spine (L2-L4) and the mean of the proximal right and left femur were be measured by two technician and then reviewed by one radiologist. Data on body mass index (BMI), clinical biochemistry variables including serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were collected. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered for depression purposes. RESULTS: Of the 1436 women living in urban and rural areas, 1106 women agreed to participate (77.0%) and responded to the study. The mean age and standard deviation of the subjects was 53.8 +/- 3.2. The median age of natural menopausal in the present study was 49 years (mean and standard deviation 49.5 +/- 3.1 and postmenopausal was 58.1 +/- 3.3). There were statistically significant differences between menopausal stages with regards to ethnicity, education level, systolic and dialostic blood pressure, parity, sheesha smoking and depressive symptoms. Overall 30.4% of women were affected with osteopenia/osteoporosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal (24.4% vs 35.7%; P = 0.0442). Osteopenia in premenopausal and postmenopausal (18.7% vs 29.3%; P = 0.030) and Osteoporosis (9.9% vs 15.9%; P = 0.049) were significantly higher in post-menopausal women than in premenopausal women (P = 0.046). Similarly, vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent among postmenopausal women than menopausal women. Overall, only 15.1% of women had optimum vitamin D level and 15.5% had severe, 33.2% had moderate vitamin D insufficiency and 36.3% had mild vitamin D insufficiency in menopausal and post menopausal women (P = 0.021). The study revealed that vitamin D level, hemoglobin level, serum iron fasting plasma glucose, calcium, triglycerides, high density lipid (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipid (LDL) Cholesterol, alkaline phosphate and magnesium were considerably lower in postmenopausal compared to menopausal women (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bener,A., Saleh,N.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4604669 Editors
Burden of waterpipe smoking and chewing tobacco use among women of reproductive age group using data from the 2012-13 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey	2015	School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, OJHA Campus, SUPARCO road, Gulzar e Hijri, Karachi, Pakistan. tahir.khan@duhs.edu.pk.; School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, OJHA Campus, SUPARCO road, Gulzar e Hijri, Karac	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 12-Nov Volume 15 Issue Start Page 1113 Other Pages 015-2433-7 Notes LR: 20151116; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC4643522; 2015/06/22 [received]; 2015/10/20 [accepted]; 2015/11/12 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 26563874 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1186/s12889-015-2433-7 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26563874 Abstract BACKGROUND: Despite the general decline in cigarette smoking, use of alternative forms of tobacco has increased particularly in developing countries. Waterpipe (WP) and Chewing Tobacco (CT) are two such alternative forms, finding their way into many populations. However, the burden of these alternative forms of tobacco and their socio demographic determinants are still unclear. We assessed the prevalence of WP and CT use among women of reproductive age group in Pakistan. METHODS: Data from the most recent Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2012-13 (n = 13,558) was used for this analysis. Information obtained from ever married women, aged between 15 and 49 years were analyzed using two separate data subgroups; exclusive WP smokers (total n = 12,995) and exclusive CT users (total n = 12,771). Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted and results were reported as crude and adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Prevalence of WP smoking and CT were 4% and 2%, respectively. After multivariate adjustments, ever married women who were: older than 35 years (OR; 4.68 95% CI, 2.62-8.37), were poorest (OR = 4.03, 95% CI 2.08-7.81), and had no education (OR = 9.19, 95% CI 5.10-16.54), were more likely to be WP smokers. Similarly, ever married women who were: older than 35 years (OR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.69-6.00), had no education (OR = 4.94, 95% CI 2.62-9.33), were poor (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.07-2.48) and had visited health facility in last 12 months (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.22-2.70) were more likely to be CT users as well. CONCLUSION: Older women with lower socio-economic profile were more likely to use WP and CT. Focused policies aiming towards reducing the burden of alternate forms of tobacco use among women is urgently needed to control the tobacco epidemic in the country. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Khan,M.T., Hashmi,S., Zaheer,S., Aslam,S.K., Khan,N.A., Aziz,H., Rashid,N., Shafique,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20151112 PMCID PMC4643522 Editors

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