Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Response to importation of a case of Ebola virus disease--Ohio, October 2014 | 2014 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
21-Nov
Volume
63
Issue
46
Start Page
1089
Other Pages
1091
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25412070
Language
eng
SubFile
Case Reports; Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6346a12 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25412070
Abstract
On September 30, 2014, the Texas Department of State Health Services reported a case of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) diagnosed in Dallas, Texas, and confirmed by CDC, the first case of Ebola diagnosed in the United States. The patient (patient 1) had traveled from Liberia, a country which, along with Sierra Leone and Guinea, is currently experiencing the largest recorded Ebola outbreak. A nurse (patient 2) who provided hospital bedside care to patient 1 in Texas visited an emergency department (ED) with fever and was diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed Ebola on October 11, and a second nurse (patient 3) who also provided hospital bedside care visited an ED with fever and rash on October 14 and was diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed Ebola on October 15. Patient 3 visited Ohio during October 10-13, traveling by commercial airline between Dallas, Texas, and Cleveland, Ohio. Based on the medical history and clinical and laboratory findings on October 14, the date of illness onset was uncertain; therefore, CDC, in collaboration with state and local partners, included the period October 10-13 as being part of the potentially infectious period, out of an abundance of caution to ensure all potential contacts were monitored. On October 15, the Ohio Department of Health requested CDC assistance to identify and monitor contacts of patient 3, assess the risk for disease transmission, provide infection control recommendations, and assess and guide regional health care system preparedness. The description of this contact investigation and hospital assessment is provided to help other states in planning for similar events.
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Database
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Data Source
Authors
McCarty,C.L., Basler,C., Karwowski,M., Erme,M., Nixon,G., Kippes,C., Allan,T., Parrilla,T., DiOrio,M., de Fijter,S., Stone,N.D., Yost,D.A., Lippold,S.A., Regan,J.J., Honein,M.A., Knust,B., Braden,C., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| Substance use and sexual behaviour among female students in Nigerian universities | 2014 | University of Lagos, Nigeria.; University of Lagos, Nigeria.; Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Nigeria.; University of Lagos, Nigeria. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International quarterly of community health education
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.Q.Community Health.Educ.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
35
Issue
1
Start Page
73
Other Pages
83
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 8010942; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0272-684X; 0272-684X
Accession Number
PMID: 25416433
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.2190/IQ.35.1.f [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25416433
Abstract
Substance use continues to constitute social and health problems, more so among adolescents and young adults. One consequence is risky sexual behavior, a major problem in sub-Saharan Africa already facing the synergistic problems of poverty and HIV/AIDS. This study of female students aged >/= 18 years in two universities in Nigeria uses a multi-stage stratified random sampling method, and each subject that gave consent to the study was administered with a structured questionnaire by trained interviewers; 2,408 female students were studied (1,854 from the University of Ibadan and 554 from the Bayero University, Kano). The mean age of the respondents was 21.6 (SD = 2.9), and about two-thirds (65.7%) were aged between 20-24, with 2,204 (91.5%) being single and 4.3% married. In all, 23.4% of the subjects used one form of substance. Alcoholic drinks of palm wine, alcoholic wine, and beer were the most common of substances used (22.7%), followed by tobacco (2%) and cannabis (1%). Substance use was significantly associated with religious affiliation of the students (p
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Oye-Adeniran,B.A., Aina,O.F., Gbadegesin,A., Ekanem,E.E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| Benzene uptake in Hookah smokers and non-smokers attending Hookah social events: regulatory implications | 2014 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
23
Issue
12
Start Page
2793
Other Pages
2809
Notes
JID: 9200608; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); J64922108F (Benzene); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1538-7755; 1055-9965
Accession Number
PMID: 25416714
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
1055-9965.EPI-14-0576 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25416714
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Benzene is a human hematotoxicant and a leukemogen that causes lymphohematopoietic cancers, especially acute myelogenous leukemia. We investigated uptake of benzene in hookah smokers and non-smokers attending hookah social events in naturalistic settings where hookah tobacco was smoked exclusively. METHODS: We quantified S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA), a metabolite of benzene, in the urine of 105 hookah smokers and 103 non-smokers. Participants provided spot urine samples the morning of and the morning after attending an indoor hookah-only smoking social event at a hookah lounge or in a private home. RESULTS: Urinary SPMA levels in hookah smokers increased significantly following a hookah social event (P
Descriptors
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Kassem,N.O., Kassem,N.O., Jackson,S.R., Liles,S., Daffa,R.M., Zarth,A.T., Younis,M.A., Carmella,S.G., Hofstetter,C.R., Chatfield,D.A., Matt,G.E., Hecht,S.S., Hovell,M.F.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| Risk factors for Barrett's esophagus compared between African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites | 2014 | Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, Texas, USA.; Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.; Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effective | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The American Journal of Gastroenterology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Gastroenterol.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
109
Issue
12
Start Page
1870
Other Pages
1880
Notes
GR: DK58338/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: NCI R01 116845/PHS HHS/United States; GR: NIDDK K24-04-107/PHS HHS/United States; JID: 0421030; 0 (Proton Pump Inhibitors); 2014/07/01 [received]; 2014/10/06 [accepted]; 2014/11/25 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1572-0241; 0002-9270
Accession Number
PMID: 25420546
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1038/ajg.2014.351 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25420546
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Esophageal adenocarcinoma is more common among non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) than African Americans (AAs). It is unclear whether its precursor, Barrett's esophagus (BE), is also less common among AAs, and whether differences in risk factor profiles explain the racial disparity. METHODS: Data were from a case-control study among eligible Veterans Affairs patients scheduled for an upper endoscopy, and a sample identified from primary care clinics. Participants completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic and clinical factors and underwent a study esophagogastroduodenoscopy. We calculated race-specific BE prevalence rates and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for BE. RESULTS: There were 301 BE cases and 1,651 controls. BE prevalence was significantly higher among NHWs than AAs (21.3 vs. 5.0%; P/=3 cm (OR 4.12; 95% CI, 1.57-10.81) and a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease or PPI use (OR, 3.70; 95% CI, 1.40-9.78), whereas high WHR (OR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.41-5.63), hiatus hernia >/=3 cm (OR, 4.95; 95% CI, 3.05-8.03), PPI use (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.33-2.66), and H. pylori (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.41-0.99) were statistically significantly associated with BE risk for NHWs. Among all cases and controls, race was a risk factor for BE, independent of other BE risk factors (OR for AAs, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.17-0.38). CONCLUSIONS: Among veterans, the prevalence of BE was lower in AAs compared with NHWs. This disparity was not accounted for by differences in risk estimates or prevalence of risk factors between NHWs and AAs.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Nguyen,T.H., Thrift,A.P., Ramsey,D., Green,L., Shaib,Y.H., Graham,D.Y., El-Serag,H.B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141125
PMCID
Editors
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| Prevalence, social acceptance, and awareness of waterpipe smoking among dental university students: a cross sectional survey conducted in Jordan | 2014 | Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. saobeidat@just.edu.jo. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC research notes
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Res.Notes
Pub Date Free Form
24-Nov
Volume
7
Issue
Start Page
832
Other Pages
0500-7-832
Notes
LR: 20151028; JID: 101462768; OID: NLM: PMC4253988; 2014/07/01 [received]; 2014/11/18 [accepted]; 2014/11/24 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1756-0500; 1756-0500
Accession Number
PMID: 25421621
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1756-0500-7-832 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25421621
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing in popularity especially among young adults. This spread could be related to limited knowledge of the negative health effects of waterpipe smoking. In this study, prevalence, social acceptance, and awareness of waterpipe smoking were examined among dental university students. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional survey study, where a self-administered questionnaire was completed by a sample of dental university students in Jordan. RESULTS: Students (n=547) reported current tobacco use of 54.3% for males versus 11.1% for females (P
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Obeidat,S.R., Khabour,O.F., Alzoubi,K.H., Mahasneh,A.M., Bibars,A.R., Khader,Y.S., Alsa'di,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141124
PMCID
PMC4253988
Editors
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| Sapling leaf trait responses to light, tree height and soil nutrients for three conifer species of contrasting shade tolerance | 2014 | Bulkley Valley Centre for Natural Resources Research and Management, Box 4274, Smithers, BC V0J 2N0, Canada erica.lilles@bvcentre.ca.; Bulkley Valley Centre for Natural Resources Research and Management, Box 4274, Smithers, BC V0J 2N0, Canada Norwegian Fo | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tree physiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tree Physiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
34
Issue
12
Start Page
1334
Other Pages
1347
Notes
LR: 20151119; CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 100955338; 0 (Soil); N762921K75 (Nitrogen); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/11/23 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Canada
ISSN/ISBN
1758-4469; 0829-318X
Accession Number
PMID: 25422385
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/treephys/tpu092 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25422385
Abstract
We developed models to describe the responses of four commonly examined leaf traits (mass per area, weight, area and nitrogen (N) concentration) to gradients of light, soil nutrients and tree height in three conifer species of contrasting shade tolerance. Our observational dataset from the sub-boreal spruce forests of British Columbia included subalpine fir (Abies lasioscarpa [Hook.] Nutt; high shade tolerance), interior spruce (Picea glauca x Picea engelmannii [Moench] Voss; intermediate shade tolerance) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia; low shade tolerance) saplings from 0.18 to 4.87 m tall, in 8-98% of total incident light, from field sites with 46.8 kg ha(-1) total dissolved N. Leaf weights and areas showed strong positive responses to light and height, but little or no response to soil nutrients. Parameter estimates indicated that the shape of leaf weight and area responses to light corresponded with shade tolerance ranking for the three species; pine had the most linear response whereas spruce and fir had asymptotic responses. Leaf N concentration responded positively to soil nutrients, negatively to light and idiosyncratically to height. The negative effect of light was only apparent on sites of high soil nutrient availability, and parameter estimates for the shape of the negative response also corresponded to shade tolerance ranking (apine = -0.79, aspruce = -0.15, afir = -0.07). Of the traits we measured, leaf mass per area showed the least response to light, soil nutrient and height gradients. Although it is a common practice in comparisons across many species, characterizing these conifers by mean values of their leaf traits would miss important intraspecific variation across environmental and size gradients. In these forests, parameter estimates representing the intraspecific variability of leaf trait responses can be used to understand relative shade tolerances.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Oxford University Press
Data Source
Authors
Lilles,E.B., Astrup,R., Lefrancois,M.L., David Coates,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141123
PMCID
Editors
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| Adherence to treatment to help quit smoking: effects of task performance and coping with withdrawal symptoms | 2014 | Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluacion y Tratamiento Psicologico, Centro de Investigacion Cuerpo Cerebro Comportamiento (CIMCYC), Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Espana. fcalopez@ugr.es. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
25-Nov
Volume
14
Issue
Start Page
1217
Other Pages
2458-14-1217
Notes
LR: 20151028; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC4289175; 2014/02/23 [received]; 2014/11/10 [accepted]; 2014/11/25 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 25424314
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-14-1217 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25424314
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Currently the combined cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological treatment is the best option to quit smoking, although success rates remain moderate. This study aimed to identify predictors of continuous abstinence in an assisted smoking cessation program using combined treatment. In particular, we analyzed the effects of socio-demographic, smoking-, and treatment-related variables. In addition, we analyzed the effect of several risk factors on abstinence, and estimated a model of risk for smoking relapse. METHODS: Participants were 125 workers at the University of Granada (50 males), with an average age of 46.91 years (SD = 8.15). They were recruited between 2009 and 2013 at an occupational health clinic providing smoking cessation treatment. Baseline measures included socio-demographic data, preferred brand of cigarettes, number of years smoking, use of alcohol and/or tranquilizers, past attempts to quit, Fargerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, Smoking Processes of Change Scale, and Coping with Withdrawal Symptoms Interview. Participants were invited to a face-to-face assessment of smoking abstinence using self-report and cooximetry hemoglobin measures at 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up. The main outcome was smoking status coded as "relapse" versus "abstinence" at each follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to estimate the probability of continued abstinence during 12 months and log-rank tests were used to analyze differences in continued abstinence as a function of socio-demographic, smoking-, and treatment-related variables. Cox regression was used to analyze the simultaneous effect of several risk factors on abstinence. RESULTS: Using alcohol and/or tranquilizers was related to shorter abstinence. Physical exercise, the number of treatment sessions, performance of treatment tasks, and coping with withdrawal symptoms were related to prolonged abstinence. In particular, failure to perform the treatment tasks tripled the risk of relapse, while lack of coping doubled it. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that physical exercise, performance of treatment-related tasks, and effective coping with withdrawal symptoms can prolong abstinence from smoking. Programs designed to help quit smoking can benefit from the inclusion of these factors.
Descriptors
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lopez-Torrecillas,F., Rueda,M.M., Lopez-Quirantes,E.M., Santiago,J.M., Tapioles,R.R.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141125
PMCID
PMC4289175
Editors
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| Current cigarette smoking among adults--United States, 2005-2013 | 2014 | Read more... | |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
28-Nov
Volume
63
Issue
47
Start Page
1108
Other Pages
1112
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25426653
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6347a4 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25426653
Abstract
Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States, resulting in more than 480,000 premature deaths and $289 billion in direct health care expenditures and productivity losses each year. Despite progress over the past several decades, millions of adults still smoke cigarettes, the most commonly used tobacco product in the United States. To assess progress made toward the Healthy People 2020 target of reducing the proportion of U.S. adults who smoke cigarettes to /=18 years. Additionally, for the first time, estimates of cigarette smoking prevalence were assessed among lesbian, gay, or bisexual persons (LGB) using NHIS data. The proportion of U.S. adults who smoke cigarettes declined from 20.9% in 2005 to 17.8% in 2013, and the proportion of daily smokers declined from 16.9% to 13.7%. Among daily cigarette smokers, the proportion who smoked 20-29 cigarettes per day (CPD) declined from 34.9% to 29.3%, and the proportion who smoked >/=30 CPD declined from 12.7% to 7.1%. However, cigarette smoking remains particularly high among certain groups, including adults who are male, younger, multiracial or American Indian/Alaska Native, have less education, live below the federal poverty level, live in the South or Midwest, have a disability/limitation, or who are LGB. Proven population-based interventions, including tobacco price increases, comprehensive smoke-free policies in worksites and public places, high-impact anti-tobacco mass media campaigns, and easy access to smoking cessation assistance, are critical to reducing cigarette smoking and smoking-related disease and death among U.S. adults, particularly among subpopulations with the greatest burden.
Descriptors
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Jamal,A., Agaku,I.T., O'Connor,E., King,B.A., Kenemer,J.B., Neff,L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
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| Clinical course of chronic periodontitis: effect of lifelong light smoking (20 years) on loss of attachment and teeth | 2010 | Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. nplang@dial.eunet.ch | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of investigative and clinical dentistry
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Investig.Clin.Dent.
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
1
Issue
1
Start Page
8
Other Pages
15
Notes
CI: (c) 2010; JID: 101524471; OTO: NOTNLM; 2010/07/14 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Australia
ISSN/ISBN
2041-1626; 2041-1618
Accession Number
PMID: 25427181
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM
DOI
10.1111/j.2041-1626.2010.00008.x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25427181
Abstract
AIM: To examine the lifelong effect of light smoking on periodontal health. METHODS: The data were derived from a 20-year longitudinal study of a group of Norwegian, middle-class males. The patients were subset according to their smoking history. A total of 119 non-smokers and 17 smokers were examined, 20 years apart. RESULTS: Current smokers had significantly higher plaque indices than non-smokers after the age of 35 years, while before 35 years, there was no difference. Before 20 years of age, the non-smokers exhibited greater gingival indices, but after the age of 35, the smokers had significantly more sites that bled upon probing. Smokers demonstrated higher mean calculus indices after 35 years and as they approached 50 years of age. At baseline, the two groups showed similar attachment loss (0.14 mm), but with increasing age and approaching 50 years, the attachment loss progressed significantly faster in smokers than in non-smokers (2.31 and 1.57 mm, respectively). Linear regression indicated that ageing and light smoking were independently and significantly related to attachment loss. CONCLUSIONS: Lifelong light smoking could be confirmed as a risk factor for periodontal disease progression. However, in this population, smoking did not significantly increase the risk of tooth loss.
Descriptors
Adult, Age Factors, Bicuspid/pathology, Chronic Periodontitis/classification/physiopathology, Dental Calculus/classification, Dental Plaque Index, Disease Progression, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Molar/pathology, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/physiopathology, Periodontal Index, Risk Factors, Smoking/adverse effects, Tooth Loss/classification/physiopathology, Young Adult, attachment loss, longitudinal study, periodontitis, smoking, tooth loss
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Data Source
Authors
Schatzle,M., Loe,H., Ramseier,C. A., Burgin,W., Anerud,A., Boysen,H., Lang,N. P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20100714
PMCID
Editors
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| Anti-Mayaro virus activity of Cassia australis extracts (Fabaceae, Leguminosae) | 2014 | Natural Product Research Institute, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. kawaldhelm@gmail.com.; Natural Product and Food Department. Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio d | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Parasites & vectors
Periodical, Abbrev.
Parasit.Vectors
Pub Date Free Form
27-Nov
Volume
7
Issue
Start Page
537
Other Pages
014-0537-z
Notes
LR: 20150430; JID: 101462774; 0 (Antiviral Agents); 0 (Plant Extracts); OID: NLM: PMC4258289; 2014/07/23 [received]; 2014/11/12 [accepted]; 2014/11/27 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1756-3305; 1756-3305
Accession Number
PMID: 25428163
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/s13071-014-0537-z [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25428163
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The arthropod-borne Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes 'Mayaro fever', a disease of medical significance, primarily affecting individuals in permanent contact with forested areas in tropical South America. Studies showed that the virus could also be transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Recently, MAYV has attracted attention due to its likely urbanization. To date, there are no drugs that can treat this illness. METHODS: Fractions and compounds were obtained by chromatography from leaf extracts of C. australis and chemically identified as flavonoids and condensed tannins using spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques (UV, NMR, and ESI-FT-ICR MS). Cytotoxicity of EtOAc, n-BuOH and EtOAc-Pp fractions were measured by the dye-uptake assay while their antiviral activity was evaluated by a virus yield inhibition assay. Larvicidal activity was measured by the procedures recommended by the WHO expert committee for determining acute toxicity. RESULTS: The following group of substances was identified from EtOAc, n-BuOH and EtOAc-Pp fractions: flavones, flavonols, and their glycosides and condensed tannins. EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions inhibited MAYV production, respectively, by more than 70% and 85% at 25 mug/mL. EtOAc-Pp fraction inhibited MAYV production by more than 90% at 10 mug/mL, displaying a stronger antiviral effect than the licensed antiviral ribavirin. This fraction had an excellent antiviral effect (IC90 = 4.7 +/- 0.3 mug/mL), while EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions were less active (IC90 = 89.1 +/- 4.4 mug/mL and IC90 = 40.9 +/- 5.7 mug/mL, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: C. australis can be used as a source of compounds with anti-Mayaro virus activity. This is the first report on the biological activity of C. australis.
Descriptors
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Spindola,K.C., Simas,N.K., Salles,T.S., de Meneses,M.D., Sato,A., Ferreira,D., Romao,W., Kuster,R.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141127
PMCID
PMC4258289
Editors
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