WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Influence of delivery strategy on message-processing mechanisms and future adherence to a Dutch computer-tailored smoking cessation intervention	2013	Maastricht University/CAPHRI, Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. nicola.stanczyk@maastrichtuniversity.nl	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 6-Feb Volume 15 Issue 2 Start Page e28 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC3636289; 2012/05/02 [received]; 2012/11/16 [accepted]; 2012/07/16 [revised]; epublish Place of Publication Canada ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 23388554 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.2153 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23388554 Abstract BACKGROUND: Smoking tobacco is one of the most preventable causes of illness and death. Web-based tailored smoking cessation interventions have shown to be effective. Although these interventions have the potential to reach a large number of smokers, they often face high attrition rates, especially among lower educated smokers. A possible reason for the high attrition rates in the latter group is that computer-tailored smoking cessation interventions may not be attractive enough as they are mainly text-based. Video-based messages might be more effective in attracting attention and stimulating comprehension in people with a lower educational level and could therefore reduce attrition rates. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to investigate whether differences exist in message-processing mechanisms (attention, comprehension, self-reference, appreciation, processing) and future adherence (intention to visit/use the website again, recommend the website to others), according to delivery strategy (video or text based messages) and educational level, to a Dutch computer-tailored smoking cessation program. METHODS: Smokers who were motivated to quit within the following 6 months and who were aged over 16 were included in the program. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions (video/text CT). The sample was stratified into 2 categories: lower and higher educated participants. In total, 139 participants completed the first session of the web-based tailored intervention and were subsequently asked to fill out a questionnaire assessing message-processing mechanisms and future adherence. ANOVAs and regression analyses were conducted to investigate the differences in message-processing mechanisms and future adherence with regard to delivery strategy and education. RESULTS: No interaction effects were found between delivery strategy (video vs text) and educational level on message-processing mechanisms and future adherence. Delivery strategy had no effect on future adherence and processing mechanisms. However, in both groups results indicated that lower educated participants showed higher attention (F(1,138)=3.97; P=.05) and processing levels (F(1,138)=4.58; P=.04). Results revealed also that lower educated participants were more inclined to visit the computer-tailored intervention website again (F(1,138)=4.43; P=.04). CONCLUSIONS: Computer-tailored programs have the potential to positively influence lower educated groups as they might be more involved in the computer-tailored intervention than higher educated smokers. Longitudinal studies with a larger sample are needed to gain more insight into the role of delivery strategy in tailored information and to investigate whether the intention to visit the intervention website again results in the ultimate goal of behavior change. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Netherlands Trial Register (NTR3102). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Stanczyk,N.E., Crutzen,R., Bolman,C., Muris,J., de Vries,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130206 PMCID PMC3636289 Editors
Urinary cotinine in narguila or chicha tobacco smokers.	1997	Macaron, C., RIA Reference Laboratory, Zahleh, Lebanon.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Le Journal mÃ©dical libanais.The Lebanese medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Liban. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 45 Issue 1 Start Page 19 Other Pages 20 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0023-9852 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Urinary levels of nicotine metabolites were measured in nonsmokers and smokers of tobacco either as cigarettes or as the Middle-Eastern water pipes (narguila). Levels of urinary cotinine were similar for the smokers of cigarettes (median 30 cigarettes per day) and narguila (median 2 pipes per day, or around 40 grams of tobacco). Use of water pipes may remove a small amount of nicotine, but smokers appear to titrate dose to effect. It is unlikely that narguila smoking confers any less risk. Descriptors cotinine, drug derivative, hydroxycotinine, adult, aged, article, comparative study, female, human, Lebanon, male, middle aged, radioimmunoassay, sex difference, smoking, urine Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Macaron,C., Macaron,Z., Maalouf,M. T., Macaron,N., Moore,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Chronic lead poisoning in the course of ten years	2001	MachartovÃ¡, V., Klinika Pracovniho Lekarstvi, 305 99 PlzeÅˆ, Czech Republic	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pracovni Lekarstvi Periodical, Abbrev. Prac.Lek. Pub Date Free Form 2001/ Volume 53 Issue 4 Start Page 170 Other Pages 172 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0032-6291 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The author followed up for 10 years a family with non-occupational lead intoxication. The sources of lead were water pipes and acid water from their own well. The family was exposed in 1951-1991. Four members of the family were examined. Two members of the family are still in our care. In the latter after mobilizations deposited lead is released from the organism, the toxicological lead levels at rest are within physiological limits. Lead mobilization from the organism is problematical with regard to the reduced renal function which is progressing. Even 10 years after terminated exposure lead is still deposited in the organism. Descriptors aminolevulinic acid, coproporphyrin, edetate calcium disodium, lead, well water, article, case report, chronic kidney failure, follow up, human, lead blood level, lead poisoning, urine level, chelintox Links Book Title ChronickÃ¡ otrava olovem v prÅ¯bÄ›hu 10 let Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors MachartovÃ¡,V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Risk of high copper content in drinking water	1990	Madsen, H., Odense Universitet, afdeling for miljÃ¸medicin.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Ugeskrift for laeger Periodical, Abbrev. Ugeskr.Laeg. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 152 Issue 25 Start Page 1806 Other Pages 1809 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0041-5782 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Copper occurs in small amounts in certain food items, but toxic exposures in Northern Europe have occurred only in connection with contaminated drinking water. Chronic exposure of small children can result in development of Indian Childhood Cirrhosis. This disease has recently been documented in Germany as a result of drinking water contaminated from corrosion of water pipes made of copper. Continued diarrhoea in small children can also be due to high copper exposure. Copper is not routinely determined in drinking water in Denmark. Further, no central registration is available concerning water with low pH or the types of water pipes used in houses. Descriptors copper, chemically induced disorder, child, Denmark, diarrhea, human, infant, infantile diarrhea, liver cirrhosis, preschool child, review, risk factor, water pollution, water supply Links Book Title Risici ved hÃ¸jt kobberindhold i drikkevandet. Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Madsen,H., Poulsen,L., Grandjean,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Postoperative hypoxemia and oxygen need in bakers compared with cigarette and water pipe smokers	2006	Maghsoudi, B., Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz Univerity of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences Periodical, Abbrev. Iran.J.Med.Sci. Pub Date Free Form 2006/ Volume 31 Issue 3 Start Page 139 Other Pages 142 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0253-0716; 1735-3688 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: Hypoxemia is a frequent complication after general anesthesia. It usually takes longer to recover in individuals with respiratory problems. Bakers may suffer from respiratory problems such as asthma. The objective of this study was to compare the occurrence of hypoxemia and duration of supplemental oxygen administration during recovery from general anesthesia in bakers and smokers. Methods: One hundred and twenty patients (55-70 years) undergone elective eye surgeries were assigned to four groups (n=30 each) of cigarette smokers, water pipe smokers, bakers, and controls. Method of anesthesia was routine and the same in all groups. The rate of occurrence of hypoxemia in recovery room was assessed and the duration of supplemental O 2 to treat hypoxemia was measured in each group. Results Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was above 92% before anesthesia in all groups. The rate of occurrence of hypoxemia was significantly higher in bakers (60%) compared to cigarette smokers (36.6%), water pipe smokers (40%) or controls (30%). Mean duration of supplemental O2 administration was shorter in the control group (14Â±9 min) compared to those of cigarette smokers (30Â±16 min), water pipe smokers (28Â±14 min) or bakers (34Â±10 min). Conclusion: Bakers are more prone to the occurrence of postoperative hypoxemia than smokers or normal subjects. However, both bakers and smokers will need careful SaO2 monitoring and longer duration of supplemental O2 administration during recovery from general anesthesia if hypoxemia occurs. Descriptors adult, aged, arterial oxygen saturation, article, asthma, smoking, controlled study, elective surgery, human, hypoxemia, major clinical study, oxygen consumption, postoperative complication, recovery room, respiratory tract disease, work Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Maghsoudi,B., Chohedri,A., Nasser Al-Shreafi,A. A. Original/Translated Title URL http://ijms.sums.ac.ir/31_3/05-Maghsoudi.pdf Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Characterization of submicrometer aqueous iron(III) colloids formed in the presence of phosphate by sedimentation field flow fractionation with multiangle laser light scattering detection	2001	Magnuson, M.L., Natl. Risk Mgmt. Research Laboratory, Water Supply/Water Resources Div., Treatment Technol. Evaluation Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Analytical Chemistry Periodical, Abbrev. Anal.Chem. Pub Date Free Form 2001/10 Volume 73 Issue 20 Start Page 4815 Other Pages 4820 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0003-2700 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Iron colloids play a major role in the water chemistry of natural watersheds and of engineered drinking water distribution systems. Phosphate is frequently added to distribution systems to control corrosion problems, so iron-phosphate colloids may form through reaction of iron in water pipes. In this study, sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF) is coupled on-line with multiangle laser light scattering (MALLS) detection to characterize these iron colloids formed following the oxygenation of iron(II) in the presence of phosphate. The SdFFF-MALLS data were used to calculate the hydrodynamic diameter, density, and particle size distribution of these submicrometer colloids. The system was first verified with standard polystyrene beads, and the results compared well with certified values. Iron(III) colloids were formed in the presence of phosphate at a variety of pH conditions. The colloids' hydrodynamic diameters, which ranged from 218 Â± 3 (pH 7) to 208 Â± 4 nm (pH 10), did not change significantly within the 95% confidence limit. Colloid density did increase significantly from 1.12 Â± 0.01 (pH 7) to 1.36 Â± 0.02 g/mL (pH 10). Iron(III) colloids formed at pH 10 in the presence of phosphate were compared to iron(III) colloids formed without phosphate and also to iron(III) colloids formed with silicate. The iron(III) colloids formed without phosphate or silicate were 0.46 g/mL more dense than any other colloids and were >6 times more narrowly distributed than the other colloids. The data suggest competitive incorporation of respective anions into the colloid during formation. Descriptors ferric hydroxide, phosphate, polystyrene, silicate, article, calculation, chemical analysis, corrosion, density, field flow fractionation, hydrodynamics, light scattering, oxygenation, particle size, pH, reaction analysis Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Magnuson,M. L., Lytle,D. A., Frietch,C. M., Kelty,C. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Mobilization of PAHs from the coal-tar lining of water mains as a result of disinfection	1998	Maier, M., Stadtwerke Karlsruhe, 76185 Karlsruhe, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 1998/ Volume 16 Issue 4-Mar Start Page 211 Other Pages 219 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0735-1917 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Coal-tar was commonly used as an internal lining for corrosion protection of water pipes from the 19th century up to the present. In this project the principal mechanisms for the occurrence of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) in drinking water distribution systems were investigated. The results showed that the occurrence of PAHs in a distribution system was linked to the presence of the disinfectants chlorine and chlorine dioxide. In laboratory experiments it was demonstrated that the coal-tar surface represents a substrate for the growth of biofilms which exhibits protective effects. Generally, hostile environmental conditions for microbiological activity of the biofilm such as disinfection, stagnation periods and anaerobic conditions could be identified as the most important factors to favour the occurrence of PAHs in the drinking water. It was clearly shown that disturbances in the hydraulic regime such as water hammers, operation of valves and rapid increases in flow velocity can result in enhanced PAH concentrations. Immediately after stagnation periods PAH concentrations increased to levels which exceeded the prescribed concentrations of the EC-guideline of 200 ng/l. The destabilisation of the biofilm matrix resulted in the release of particles highly contaminated with PAHs which may be responsible for the contamination of the drinking water. Descriptors chlorine, chlorine dioxide, coal tar, disinfectant agent, drinking water, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, conference paper, disinfection, flow rate, leaching, pipeline, turbidity, United Kingdom, water contamination, water flow, water quality, water supply, water treatment Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Maier,M., Lloyd,B. J., Maier,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Factors influencing the mobilisation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the coal-tar lining of water mains	2000	Maier, M., University of Surrey, School of Engineering in Environment, Ctr. for Environ. Health Engineering, Guildford GU2 5XH, Surrey, United Kingdom	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form 2000/02 Volume 34 Issue 3 Start Page 773 Other Pages 786 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0043-1354 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Coal-tar was commonly used as an internal lining for corrosion protection of water pipes from the 19th century. In this project the principal mechanisms leading to the occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in those water mains were investigated. The results showed that the occurrence of PAHs in a distribution system was linked to the presence of the disinfectants chlorine and chlorine dioxide. In laboratory experiments it was demonstrated that the coal-tar surface represents a substrate for the growth of biofilms which exhibits protective effects. Generally, hostile environmental conditions for microbiological activity of the biofilm such as disinfection, stagnation periods and anaerobic conditions could be identified as important factors which favour the occurrence of PAHs in drinking water. Immediately after stagnation periods an increase of PAH concentrations was observed. Furthermore, it was clearly shown that disturbances in the hydraulic regime such as water hammers, operation of valves and rapid increases in flow velocity can result in enhanced PAH concentrations by the destabilisation of the biofilm matrix or high shear forces affecting the pipe walls resulting in the release of particles highly contaminated with PAHs which may be responsible for the contamination of the drinking water. Descriptors coal tar, drinking water, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, article, biofilm, pollution transport, priority journal, shear stress, water contamination, water flow, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Maier,M., Maier,D., Lloyd,B. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The role of biofilms in the mobilisation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the coal-tar lining of water pipes	2000	Maier, M., University of Surrey, School of Engineering in Environment, Ctr. for Environ. Health Engineering, Guildford GU2 5XH, United Kingdom	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Science and Technology Periodical, Abbrev. Water Sci.Technol. Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 41 Issue 5-Apr Start Page 279 Other Pages 285 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0273-1223 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The influence of biofilm formation on the coal-tar lining of water pipes in drinking water distribution systems was investigated in batch experiments as well as in a continuously flown circular reactor system. The nutrient source for the growth of the biofilm was only the drinking water and the coal-tar coating on the slides. The growth and existence of the biofilm was examined using different techniques. Leaching experiments showed clearly that the biofilm has protective characteristics because enhanced PAH concentrations could be detected after the removal of the biofilm from the slides. Moreover, the dosage of chlorine as a disinfectant during the reactor experiments gave indication that the chlorination resulted in a destabilisation of the biofilm which lead to elevated PAH concentrations. The results are in correspondence with observations made in real distribution systems where enhanced PAH concentrations were observed during disinfection processes. The examination of coal-tar coated water mains revealed that in addition to the protective effect of a biofilm a vast amount of the PAHs was adsorbed on particles embedded in the biofilm, e.g. from the iron oxidising bacteria Gallionella. Descriptors coal tar, drinking water, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, bacterial growth, biodegradation, biofilm, chlorination, conference paper, leaching, nonhuman, water analysis, water contamination, water treatment Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Maier,M., Maier,D., Lloyd,B. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The origin of long-distance water supply in the central German area and its significance from a hygienic viewpoint	1994	Malyska, G., Landeshygieneinstitut Halle.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zentralblatt fÃ¼r Hygiene und Umweltmedizin = International journal of hygiene and environmental medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Zentralbl.Hyg.Umweltmed. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 196 Issue 1 Start Page 1 Other Pages 22 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0934-8859 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract By means of the climatic, hydrological and hydrogeological conditions in the middle German area the unfavorable water household also due to anthropogenic influences caused through mining and industry will be described. These conditions have, already in the first half of this century, lead to disadvantages concerning the drinking water supply for the population in this territory. Based on older ideas for improving the water supply in the middle German area the long-distance water supply system Elbaue-Ostharz was built after the 2. world war using the water supplies of the river Bode in the Harz, of the Elbaue as well as water from the DÃ¼bener Heide to overcome the bad water supply situation in middle Germany. In this connection the efforts of the public health service for improving the drinking water quality in the former country of Sachsen-Anhalt in the DDR will be described. Due to an increased connection of the population in the middle German area with local central water supplies as well as with the long-distance water supply up to 1990 92% of the population could be supplied with drinking water from central water supplies. Nevertheless it was not possible to manage all problems of drinking water quality up to 1990. These problems concerned local central water supplies due to not existing or inadequate plants for water refinement in waterworks and poor conditions of the drinking water pipe nets. Despite all an increasing improvement of the drinking water could be registered as a result of decrease in drinking water consumption, the shutting of water works with water catchments on hygienic unfavorable places, the refurbishment of water works and the further connection from communes with long-distance water supplies. At present and in future too the long-distance water supply will be necessary for the middle German area to guarantee a sufficient quantity as well as quality of drinking water for the population in this territory. Descriptors Germany, human, hygiene, industry, mining, public health, review, standard, water supply Links Book Title Die Entstehung der Fernwasserversorgung des mitteldeutschen Raumes und ihre Bedeutung aus hygienischer Sicht. Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Malyska,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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