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Feature-level analysis of a novel smartphone application for smoking cessation 2015 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences , Seattle , WA , and.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
Periodical, Abbrev.
Am.J.Drug Alcohol Abuse
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
41
Issue
1
Start Page
68
Other Pages
73
Notes
LR: 20160506; GR: K23 DA026517/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K23DA026517/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: K99 DA037276/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA151251/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA166646/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR:
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1097-9891; 0095-2990
Accession Number
PMID: 25397860
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3109/00952990.2014.977486 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25397860
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Currently, there are over 400 smoking cessation smartphone apps available, downloaded an estimated 780,000 times per month. No prior studies have examined how individuals engage with specific features of cessation apps and whether use of these features is associated with quitting. OBJECTIVES: Using data from a pilot trial of a novel smoking cessation app, we examined: (i) the 10 most-used app features, and (ii) prospective associations between feature usage and quitting. METHODS: Participants (n = 76) were from the experimental arm of a randomized, controlled pilot trial of an app for smoking cessation called "SmartQuit," which includes elements of both Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and traditional cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Utilization data were automatically tracked during the 8-week treatment phase. Thirty-day point prevalence smoking abstinence was assessed at 60-day follow-up. RESULTS: The most-used features - quit plan, tracking, progress, and sharing - were mostly CBT. Only two of the 10 most-used features were prospectively associated with quitting: viewing the quit plan (p = 0.03) and tracking practice of letting urges pass (p = 0.03). Tracking ACT skill practice was used by fewer participants (n = 43) but was associated with cessation (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory analysis without control for multiple comparisons, viewing a quit plan (CBT) as well as tracking practice of letting urges pass (ACT) were both appealing to app users and associated with successful quitting. Aside from these features, there was little overlap between a feature's popularity and its prospective association with quitting. Tests of causal associations between feature usage and smoking cessation are now needed.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Heffner,J.L., Vilardaga,R., Mercer,L.D., Kientz,J.A., Bricker,J.B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141114
PMCID
PMC4410684
Editors
Effectiveness of text versus pictorial health warning labels and predictors of support for plain packaging of tobacco products within the European Union 2015 Center for Global Tobacco Control, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass., USA.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
European addiction research
Periodical, Abbrev.
Eur.Addict.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Volume
21
Issue
1
Start Page
47
Other Pages
52
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9502920; 2014/04/07 [received]; 2014/07/17 [accepted]; 2014/11/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Switzerland
ISSN/ISBN
1421-9891; 1022-6877
Accession Number
PMID: 25402440
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1159/000366019 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25402440
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tobacco product warning labels are a key health communication medium with plain packaging noted as the next step in the evolution of tobacco packaging. We assessed the self-reported impact of text versus pictorial health warnings and the determinants of support for plain packaging of tobacco products in the European Union (EU). METHODS: The Special Eurobarometer 385 survey was analyzed for 26,566 adults from 27 EU countries in 2012. The self-reported impact of warning labels (text or pictorial) and determinants of EU-wide support for plain packaging were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Current smokers in countries where cigarette pictorial warnings were implemented had higher odds of reporting that health warning labels had any effect on their smoking behavior (making a quit attempt or reducing number of cigarettes smoked per day) compared to respondents in countries with text-only warning labels (adjusted odds ratio, aOR = 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 1.10-1.56). Population support for plain packaging of tobacco packs was higher in countries where cigarette pictorial warnings already existed (aOR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07-1.28). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the implementation of pictorial warnings at an EU level may have a positive behavioral impact among smokers and pave the way for population support for plain packaging in the EU.
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Database
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Data Source
Authors
Agaku,I.T., Filippidis,F.T., Vardavas,C.I.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141111
PMCID
Editors
How has the availability of snus influenced cigarette smoking in Norway? 2014 The Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research (SIRUS), P.O. Box 565, Sentrum, 0105 Oslo, Norway. il@sirus.no.; The Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research (SIRUS), P.O. Box 565, Sentrum, 0105 Oslo, Norway. kel@sirus.no.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
International journal of environmental research and public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health.
Pub Date Free Form
13-Nov
Volume
11
Issue
11
Start Page
11705
Other Pages
11717
Notes
LR: 20151028; JID: 101238455; OID: NLM: PMC4245639; 2014/09/03 [received]; 2014/10/24 [revised]; 2014/11/04 [accepted]; epublish
Place of Publication
Switzerland
ISSN/ISBN
1660-4601; 1660-4601
Accession Number
PMID: 25402565
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3390/ijerph111111705 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25402565
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In Norway, low-nitrosamine smokeless tobacco (snus) is allowed to compete with cigarettes for market share. We aimed to study how the availability of snus influenced overall tobacco consumption, smoking initiation and smoking cessation. We discuss whether the Norwegian experience with snus can have any transfer value for e-cigarettes. METHODS: We analysed consumption data from registered and unregistered supply sources of tobacco. We calculated quit-smoking ratios across snus use status in nine datasets comprising a total of 19,269 ever-smokers. Trends in snus use and smoking were derived from time-series of annual; cross-sectional; nationally representative surveys for the period 1985-2013. RESULTS: The market share for snus increased from 4% in 1985 to 28% in 2012, but overall tobacco consumption decreased by 20.3% over this same period. Snus was the most common method for smoking cessation. Compared with smokers with no experience of using snus, the quit ratio for smoking was significantly higher for daily snus users in seven of the nine datasets analysed. Among young male adults, the prevalence of smoking (daily + occasional) was reduced from 50% in 1985 to 21% in 2013. Over the same period, use of snus increased from 9% to 33%. This negative correlation (r = -0.900, p
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Lund,I., Lund,K.E.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141113
PMCID
PMC4245639
Editors
Phenotypic and genotypic identification of lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional pickles of the Cubuk region in Turkey 2015 Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey, sbagder@eng.ankara.edu.tr.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Folia microbiologica
Periodical, Abbrev.
Folia Microbiol.(Praha)
Pub Date Free Form
May
Volume
60
Issue
3
Start Page
241
Other Pages
251
Notes
JID: 0376757; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid); 2014/07/03 [received]; 2014/11/03 [accepted]; 2014/11/18 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1874-9356; 0015-5632
Accession Number
PMID: 25404550
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1007/s12223-014-0363-x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25404550
Abstract
A total of 152 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from pickles produced in the Ankara-Cubuk region. These isolates were clustered into eight groups on the basis of their phenotypic characteristics including cell morphology, CO2 production from glucose, growth at 10 and 45 degrees C, growth in 6.5 % NaCl, and growth at pH 9.6. API 50 CH carbohydrate fermentation test, 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence analysis, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) whole-cell protein profile analysis were also performed for precise identification of the isolates at the species level. Molecular identification revealed that the most prevalent LAB species involved in pickle fermentation were Pediococcus ethanolidurans (46 isolates, 30.3 %), Lactobacillus brevis (37 isolates, 24.3 %), Lactobacillus plantarum (37 isolates, 24.3 %), and Lactobacillus buchneri (15 isolates, 9.9 %). Other LAB were found in minor frequencies such as Pediococcus parvulus (8 isolates, 5.3 %), Lactobacillus namurensis (6 isolates, 3.9 %), Lactobacillus diolivorans (1 isolate, 0.7 %), Lactobacillus parabrevis (1 isolate, 0.7 %), and Enterococcus casseliflavus (1 isolate, 0.7 %). When results of phenotypic and genotypic identification methods were compared, differences in the species distribution of LAB associated with pickles were defined between the API and the 16S rRNA sequencing. The API 50 CHL test coincided with the 16S rRNA results in 71 out of the 152 tested isolates, indicating that API gave unreliable identification results. A clear correlation could not be found between the results of whole-cell SDS profiles and 16S rRNA sequencing. Therefore, molecular characterization by 16S rRNA sequencing was considered to be the most reliable method for identifying isolates. The results presented in this work provide insight in to the LAB population associated with traditional Cubuk pickles and constitute a LAB strain resource for further studies involving the development of starter cultures.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Bagder Elmaci,S., Tokatli,M., Dursun,D., Ozcelik,F., Sanlibaba,P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141118
PMCID
Editors
Determinants of childhood lead exposure in the postleaded petrol era: The Tooth Fairy cohort from Newcastle upon Tyne 2015 1] Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK [2] MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK.; 1] Institute of Health and Society, Newcas
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Expo.Sci.Environ.Epidemiol.
Pub Date Free Form
Jul-Aug
Volume
25
Issue
4
Start Page
420
Other Pages
426
Notes
JID: 101262796; 0 (Environmental Pollutants); 0 (Gasoline); 2P299V784P (Lead); 2014/06/06 [received]; 2014/09/15 [accepted]; 2014/11/19 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1559-064X; 1559-0631
Accession Number
PMID: 25407346
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1038/jes.2014.79 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25407346
Abstract
Lead is an environmental contaminant causing irreversible health effects in children. We used dentine lead levels as a measure of early-life lead exposure and explored determinants of lead exposure in children living in Newcastle upon Tyne, a historically industrialised UK city, in a cohort born since legislation was introduced to remove lead from petrol, paint and water pipes. The "Tooth Fairy study" cohort comprised 69 children aged 5-8 years. We collected upper deciduous incisors from children and questionnaire data from their parents in 2005. We measured lead levels in pre- and postnatal enamel and dentine using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and assessed associations between dentine lead levels and residential, dietary, lifestyle and socio-economic characteristics. Dentine lead levels were low (mean 0.26 mug/g, range 0.06-0.77); however, we observed considerable variability in dentine lead levels within and between children suggestive of differing exposure levels and/or exposure sources across this population. Variables earlier documented to be associated with childhood lead levels were not found to be significant determinants of dentine lead levels in this study. Exposure pathways should continue to be investigated to enable targeted interventions and prevention of lead-induced health impacts in vulnerable populations.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hodgson,S., Manmee,C., Dirks,W., Shepherd,T., Pless-Mulloli,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141119
PMCID
Editors
Black carbon and particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in New York City's subway stations 2014 Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University , 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, New York 10987, United States.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental science & technology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Sci.Technol.
Pub Date Free Form
16-Dec
Volume
48
Issue
24
Start Page
14738
Other Pages
14745
Notes
LR: 20151210; GR: ES000260/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 CA016087/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 0213155; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Soot); 7440-44-0 (Carbon); OID: NLM: PMC4270389; 2014/11/26 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1520-5851; 0013-936X
Accession Number
PMID: 25409007
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1021/es504295h [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25409007
Abstract
The New York City (NYC) subway is the main mode of transport for over 5 million passengers on an average weekday. Therefore, airborne pollutants in the subway stations could have a significant impact on commuters and subway workers. This study looked at black carbon (BC) and particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in selected subway stations in Manhattan. BC and PM2.5 levels were measured in real time using a Micro-Aethalometer and a PDR-1500 DataRAM, respectively. Simultaneous samples were also collected on quartz filters for organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC) analysis and on Teflon filters for gravimetric and trace element analysis. In the underground subway stations, mean real time BC concentrations ranged from 5 to 23 mug/m(3), with 1 min average peaks >100 mug/m(3), while real time PM2.5 levels ranged from 35 to 200 mug/m(3). Mean EC levels ranged from 9 to 12.5 mug/m(3). At street level on the same days, the mean BC and PM2.5 concentrations were below 3 and 10 mug/m(3), respectively. This study shows that both BC soot and PM levels in NYC's subways are considerably higher than ambient urban street levels and that further monitoring and investigation of BC and PM subway exposures are warranted.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Vilcassim,M.J., Thurston,G.D., Peltier,R.E., Gordon,T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141126
PMCID
PMC4270389
Editors
The electronic cigarette: the new cigarette of the 21st century? 2014 School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.; Sch
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Bras.Pneumol.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
40
Issue
5
Start Page
564
Other Pages
572
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 101222274; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC4263338; 2014/01/13 [received]; 2014/06/27 [accepted]; ppublish
Place of Publication
Brazil
ISSN/ISBN
1806-3756; 1806-3713
Accession Number
PMID: 25410845
Language
eng; por
SubFile
Journal Article; Review; IM
DOI
S1806-37132014000500564 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25410845
Abstract
The electronic nicotine delivery system, also known as the electronic cigarette, is generating considerable controversy, not only in the general population but also among health professionals. Smokers the world over have been increasingly using electronic cigarettes as an aid to smoking cessation and as a substitute for conventional cigarettes. There are few available data regarding the safety of electronic cigarettes. There is as yet no evidence that electronic cigarettes are effective in treating nicotine addiction. Some smokers have reported using electronic cigarettes for over a year, often combined with conventional cigarettes, thus prolonging nicotine addiction. In addition, the increasing use of electronic cigarettes by adolescents is a cause for concern. The objective of this study was to describe electronic cigarettes and their components, as well as to review the literature regarding their safety; their impact on smoking initiation and smoking cessation; and regulatory issues related to their use.
Descriptors
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Knorst,M.M., Benedetto,I.G., Hoffmeister,M.C., Gazzana,M.B.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
PMC4263338
Editors
Ebola virus disease cases among health care workers not working in Ebola treatment units--Liberia, June-August, 2014 2014
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
21-Nov
Volume
63
Issue
46
Start Page
1077
Other Pages
1081
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25412067
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6346a9 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25412067
Abstract
West Africa is experiencing the largest Ebola virus disease (Ebola) epidemic in recorded history. Health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk for Ebola. In Liberia, as of August 14, 2014, a total of 810 cases of Ebola had been reported, including 10 clusters of Ebola cases among HCWs working in facilities that were not Ebola treatment units (non-ETUs). The Liberian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and CDC investigated these clusters by reviewing surveillance data, interviewing county health officials, HCWs, and contact tracers, and visiting health care facilities. Ninety-seven cases of Ebola (12% of the estimated total) were identified among HCWs; 62 HCW cases (64%) were part of 10 distinct clusters in non-ETU health care facilities, primarily hospitals. Early recognition and diagnosis of Ebola in patients who were the likely source of introduction to the HCWs (i.e., source patients) was missed in four clusters. Inconsistent recognition and triage of cases of Ebola, overcrowding, limitations in layout of physical spaces, lack of training in the use of and adequate supply of personal protective equipment (PPE), and limited supervision to ensure consistent adherence to infection control practices all were observed. Improving infection control infrastructure in non-ETUs is essential for protecting HCWs. Since August, the Liberian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare with a consortium of partners have undertaken collaborative efforts to strengthen infection control infrastructure in non-ETU health facilities.
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Database
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Data Source
Authors
Matanock,A., Arwady,M.A., Ayscue,P., Forrester,J.D., Gaddis,B., Hunter,J.C., Monroe,B., Pillai,S.K., Reed,C., Schafer,I.J., Massaquoi,M., Dahn,B., De Cock,K.M., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Ebola epidemic--Liberia, March-October 2014 2014
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
21-Nov
Volume
63
Issue
46
Start Page
1082
Other Pages
1086
Notes
JID: 7802429; EIN: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Nov 21;63(46):1094; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25412068
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6346a10 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25412068
Abstract
On March 21, 2014, the Guinea Ministry of Health reported the outbreak of an illness characterized by fever, severe diarrhea, vomiting and a high fatality rate (59%), leading to the first known epidemic of Ebola virus disease (Ebola) in West Africa and the largest and longest Ebola epidemic in history. As of November 2, Liberia had reported the largest number of cases (6,525) and deaths (2,697) among the three affected countries of West Africa with ongoing transmission (Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone). The response strategy in Liberia has included management of the epidemic through an incident management system (IMS) in which the activities of all partners are coordinated. Within the IMS, key strategies for epidemic control include surveillance, case investigation, laboratory confirmation, contact tracing, safe transportation of persons with suspected Ebola, isolation, infection control within the health care system, community engagement, and safe burial. This report provides a brief overview of the progression of the epidemic in Liberia and summarizes the interventions implemented.
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Authors
Nyenswah,T., Fahnbulleh,M., Massaquoi,M., Nagbe,T., Bawo,L., Falla,J.D., Kohar,H., Gasasira,A., Nabeth,P., Yett,S., Gergonne,B., Casey,S., Espinosa,B., McCoy,A., Feldman,H., Hensley,L., Baily,M., Fields,B., Lo,T., Lindblade,K., Mott,J., Boulanger,L., Christie,A., Wang,S., Montgomery,J., Mahoney,F., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Ebola virus disease cluster in the United States--Dallas County, Texas, 2014 2014
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
21-Nov
Volume
63
Issue
46
Start Page
1087
Other Pages
1088
Notes
LR: 20150128; JID: 7802429; EIN: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Dec 5;63(48):1139; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25412069
Language
eng
SubFile
Case Reports; Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6346a11 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25412069
Abstract
Since March 10, 2014, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone have experienced the largest known Ebola virus disease (Ebola) epidemic with approximately 13,000 persons infected as of October 28, 2014. Before September 25, 2014, only four patients with Ebola had been treated in the United States; all of these patients had been diagnosed in West Africa and medically evacuated to the United States for care.
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Chevalier,M.S., Chung,W., Smith,J., Weil,L.M., Hughes,S.M., Joyner,S.N., Hall,E., Srinath,D., Ritch,J., Thathiah,P., Threadgill,H., Cervantes,D., Lakey,D.L., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors