Image
WTS Database
The subject of interest is:
waterpipe, water-pipe, nargile, narghile, arguileh, arguile, shisha, sheesha, chichi, hubble bubble, hubbly bubbly, goza, hookah, bong
| Title | Pub Year | Author | SearchLink Sort descending |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genotoxicity of waterpipe smoke in buccal cells and peripheral blood leukocytes as determined by comet assay | 2014 | Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia and. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Inhalation toxicology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Inhal.Toxicol.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
26
Issue
14
Start Page
891
Other Pages
896
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 8910739; 0 (5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde); 0 (Benzaldehydes); 0 (Furans); 0 (Pyrones); 0 (Smoke); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); YC9ST449YJ (ethyl vanillin); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1091-7691; 0895-8378
Accession Number
PMID: 25357232
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.3109/08958378.2014.970787 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25357232
Abstract
CONTEXT: Waterpipe smoke causes DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes and in buccal cells of smokers. OBJECTIVE: To determine the exposure effect of waterpipe smoke on buccal cells and peripheral blood leukocytes in regard to DNA damage using comet assay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The waterpipe smoke condensates were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study was performed on 20 waterpipe smokers. To perform comet assay on bucaal cells of smokers, 10 microl of cell suspension was mixed with 85 microl of pre-warmed 1% low melting agarose, applied to comet slide and electrophoresed. To analyze the effect of smoke condensate in vitro, 1 ml of peripheral blood was mixed with 10 microl of smoke condensate and subjected for comet assay. RESULTS: The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4on, nicotine, hydroxymethyl furancarboxaldehyde and 3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde in the smoke condensates. Waterpipe smoking caused DNA damage in vivo in buccal cells of smokers. The tail moment and tail length in buccal cells of smokers were 186 +/- 26 and 456 +/- 71, respectively, which are higher than control. The jurak and moassel smoke condensates were found to cause DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes. The moassel smoke condensate was more damaging. DISCUSSION: There is wide misconception that waterpipe smoking is not as harmful as cigarette smoking. This study demonstrated that waterpipe smoke induced DNA damage in exposed cells. CONCLUSION: Waterpipe smokes cause DNA damage in buccal cells. The smoke condensate of both jurak and moassel caused comet formation suggesting DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes.
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Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Al-Amrah,H.J., Aboznada,O.A., Alam,M.Z., ElAssouli,M.Z., Mujallid,M.I., ElAssouli,S.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141030
PMCID
Editors
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| Opinions about electronic cigarette use in smoke-free areas among U.S. Adults, 2012 | 2015 | School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA bmajeed1@student.gsu.edu.; School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.; School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.; School of Public Health, Georgia St | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Jun
Volume
17
Issue
6
Start Page
675
Other Pages
681
Notes
LR: 20160715; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: P50 DA036128/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P50DA036128/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 CA159909/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 CA180934/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 25358659
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntu235 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25358659
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In the United States, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are currently unregulated, extensively marketed, and experiencing a rapid increase in use. The purpose of this study was to examine the opinions of U.S. adults about e-cigarette use in smoke-free public areas. METHODS: Data were obtained from the online HealthStyle survey administered to a probability sample of a nationally representative online panel. The study included 4,043U.S. adults, aged 18 years or older who responded to this question, "Do you think e-cigarette should be allowed to be used in public areas where tobacco smoking is prohibited?" Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine opinions on e-cigarette use in smoke-free areas by sex, age, race/ethnicity, household income, education, census region, and cigarette smoking status and e-cigarette awareness and ever use. RESULTS: Overall, about 40% of adults were uncertain whether e-cigarettes should be allowed in smoke-free areas, 37% opposed, while 23% favored their use in smoke-free public places. Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that adults who were aware, ever used e-cigarettes, and current cigarette smokers were more likely to express an "in favor" opinion than adults who expressed an uncertain opinion (don't know). CONCLUSION: Over 75% of U.S. adults reported uncertainty or disapproval of the use of e-cigarettes in smoke-free areas. Current cigarette smokers, adults aware or have ever used e-cigarettes were more supportive to exempting e-cigarettes from smoking restrictions. With impending regulation and the changing e-cigarette landscape, continued monitoring and research on public opinions about e-cigarette use in smoke-free places are needed.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Data Source
Authors
Majeed,B.A., Dube,S.R., Sterling,K., Whitney,C., Eriksen,M.P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141030
PMCID
PMC4838050
Editors
|
|||
| Characterizing Concurrent Tobacco Product Use Among Homeless Cigarette Smokers | 2015 | Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX;; Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX; lrreitzel@uh.edu.; University of Texas School of Public Health | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
17
Issue
9
Start Page
1156
Other Pages
1160
Notes
CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); 2014/06/05 [received]; 2014/10/20 [accepted]; 2014/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 25358660
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntu230 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25358660
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cigarette smoking prevalence rates are high among homeless adults (>70%); however, little is known about concurrent tobacco or other nicotine product use (i.e., concurrent use [CU]) in this population. CU may impact smoking quit rates and confer greater risk of health problems within this vulnerable population. This study characterized CU in a sample of homeless smokers and compared cigarette-only smokers (C-OS) to concurrent users (CUs) on participant characteristics and factors known to be associated with smoking cessation. METHODS: Participants were 178 adult conventional cigarette smokers from a homeless shelter in Dallas, TX. Sociodemographic characteristics, number of homelessness episodes, tobacco dependence, and items characterizing use of several tobacco/nicotine products over the last 30 days including use frequency, reasons for use, and perceived health risks were described. Sociodemographic characteristics, number of homelessness episodes, tobacco dependence, stress, readiness to quit (RTQ) smoking, and number of smoking quit attempts in the last year were compared between the C-OS and CUs groups using t tests and chi-square tests. RESULTS: CU was prevalent (n = 91; 51.1%), and 49.5% of CUs reported the use of >/=2 products in addition to conventional cigarettes. Compared with C-OS, CUs were younger and had more homelessness episodes, higher expired breath carbon monoxide levels, and higher stress (ps
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Data Source
Authors
Kish,D.H., Reitzel,L.R., Kendzor,D.E., Okamoto,H., Businelle,M.S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141030
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Ever Use of Nicotine and Nonnicotine Electronic Cigarettes Among High School Students in Ontario, Canada | 2015 | Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; hayley.hamilton@camh.ca.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana S | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Periodical, Abbrev.
Nicotine Tob.Res.
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
17
Issue
10
Start Page
1212
Other Pages
1218
Notes
CI: (c) The Author 2014; JID: 9815751; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 2014/04/01 [received]; 2014/10/22 [accepted]; 2014/10/30 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1469-994X; 1462-2203
Accession Number
PMID: 25358662
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntu234 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25358662
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: There are limited data on the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among youth, particularly with regard to the use of nicotine versus nonnicotine products. This study investigates ever use of nicotine and nonnicotine e-cigarettes and examines the demographic and behavioral correlates of e-cigarette use in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: Data for 2,892 high school students were derived from the 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey. This province-wide school-based survey is based on a 2-stage cluster design. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate the factors associated with ever use of e-cigarettes. Ever use of e-cigarettes was derived from the question, "Have you ever smoked at least one puff from an electronic cigarette?" All analyses included appropriate adjustments for the complex study design. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of high school students reported using e-cigarettes in their lifetime. Most students who ever used e-cigarettes reported using e-cigarettes without nicotine (72%), but 28% had used e-cigarettes with nicotine. Male, White/Caucasian, and rural students, as well as those with a history of using tobacco cigarettes, were at greater odds of e-cigarette use. Seven percent of students who had never smoked a tobacco cigarette in their lifetime reported using an e-cigarette. Five percent of those who had ever used an e-cigarette had never smoked a tobacco cigarette. CONCLUSION: More students reported ever using e-cigarettes without nicotine than with nicotine in Ontario, Canada. This underscores the need for greater knowledge of the contents of both nicotine and nonnicotine e-cigarettes to better guide public health policies.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Data Source
Authors
Hamilton,H.A., Ferrence,R., Boak,A., Schwartz,R., Mann,R.E., O'Connor,S., Adlaf,E.M.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141030
PMCID
Editors
|
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| Multiple species of Trichosporon produce biofilms highly resistant to triazoles and amphotericin B | 2014 | Laboratorio Especial de Micologia, Disciplina de Infectologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Laboratorio Especial de Micologia, Disciplina de Infectologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Departamento | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
PloS one
Periodical, Abbrev.
PLoS One
Pub Date Free Form
31-Oct
Volume
9
Issue
10
Start Page
e109553
Other Pages
Notes
LR: 20151029; JID: 101285081; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (Triazoles); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); OID: NLM: PMC4215839; 2014 [ecollection]; 2014/05/09 [received]; 2014/07/30 [accepted]; 2014/10/31 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1932-6203; 1932-6203
Accession Number
PMID: 25360765
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0109553 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25360765
Abstract
Invasive infections caused by Trichosporon spp. have increased considerably in recent years, especially in neutropenic and critically ill patients using catheters and antibiotics. The genus presents limited sensitivity to different antifungal agents, but triazoles are the first choice for treatment. Here, we investigated the biofilm production and antifungal susceptibility to triazoles and amphotericin B of 54 Trichosporon spp. isolates obtained from blood samples (19), urine (20) and superficial mycosis (15). All isolates and 7 reference strains were identified by sequence analysis and phylogenetic inferences of the IGS1 region of the rDNA. Biofilms were grown on 96-well plates and quantitation was performed using crystal violet staining, complemented with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Susceptibility tests for fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B were processed using the microdilution broth method (CLSI) for planktonic cells and XTT reduction assay for biofilm-forming cells. Our results showed that T. asahii was the most frequent species identified (66.7%), followed by T. faecale (11.1%), T. asteroides (9.3%), T. inkin (7.4%), T. dermatis (3.7%) and one T. coremiiforme (1.8%). We identified 4 genotypes within T. asahii isolates (G1, G3, G4 and G5) and 2 genotypes within T. faecale (G1 and G3). All species exhibited high adhesion and biofilm formation capabilities, mainly T. inkin, T. asteroides and T. faecale. Microscopy images of high biofilm-producing isolates showed that T. asahii presented mainly hyphae and arthroconidia, whereas T. asteroides exhibited mainly short arthroconidia and few filaments. Voriconazole exhibited the best in vitro activity against all species tested. Biofilm-forming cells of isolates and reference strains were highly resistant to all antifungals tested. We concluded that levels of biofilm formation by Trichosporon spp. were similar or even greater than those described for the Candida genus. Biofilm-forming cells were at least 1,000 times more resistant to antifungals than planktonic cells, especially to voriconazole.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Iturrieta-Gonzalez,I.A., Padovan,A.C., Bizerra,F.C., Hahn,R.C., Colombo,A.L.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141031
PMCID
PMC4215839
Editors
|
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| Multiple tobacco product use among US adolescents and young adults | 2016 | Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.; Norris Cotton Cancer Center, | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
25
Issue
2
Start Page
174
Other Pages
180
Notes
LR: 20160301; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/; GR: CA077026/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States;
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 25361744
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM
DOI
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051638 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25361744
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the extent to which multiple tobacco product use among adolescents and young adults falls outside current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority. METHODS: We conducted a web-based survey of 1596 16-26-year-olds to assess use of 11 types of tobacco products. We ascertained current (past 30 days) tobacco product use among 927 respondents who ever used tobacco. Combustible tobacco products included cigarettes, cigars (little filtered, cigarillos, premium) and hookah; non-combustible tobacco products included chew, dip, dissolvables, e-cigarettes, snuff and snus. We then fitted an ordinal logistic regression model to assess demographic and behavioural associations with higher levels of current tobacco product use (single, dual and multiple product use). RESULTS: Among 448 current tobacco users, 54% were single product users, 25% dual users and 21% multiple users. The largest single use category was cigarettes (49%), followed by hookah (23%), little filtered cigars (17%) and e-cigarettes (5%). Most dual and multiple product users smoked cigarettes, along with little filtered cigars, hookah and e-cigarettes. Forty-six per cent of current single, 84% of dual and 85% of multiple tobacco product users consumed a tobacco product outside FDA regulatory authority. In multivariable analysis, the adjusted risk of multiple tobacco use was higher for males, first use of a non-combustible tobacco product, high sensation seeking respondents and declined for each additional year of age that tobacco initiation was delayed. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly half of current adolescent and young adult tobacco users in this study engaged in dual and multiple tobacco product use; the majority of them used products that fall outside current FDA regulatory authority. This study supports FDA deeming of these products and their incorporation into the national media campaign to address youth tobacco use.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Soneji,S., Sargent,J., Tanski,S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141031
PMCID
PMC4547881
Editors
|
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| Is there evidence for potential harm of electronic cigarette use in pregnancy? | 2015 | Baylor College of Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Houston, Texas. | Read more... |
|
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Birth defects research.Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Birth Defects Res.A.Clin.Mol.Teratol.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
103
Issue
3
Start Page
186
Other Pages
195
Notes
LR: 20160505; CI: (c) 2014; GR: K99 HD075858/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: K99HD075858/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30ES023512/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01DK089201/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01NR014792/NR/NINR NIH HHS/Un
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1542-0760; 1542-0752
Accession Number
PMID: 25366492
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review; IM
DOI
10.1002/bdra.23333 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25366492
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and other nicotine containing products is increasing among women of reproductive age. The short- and long-term effects of these products on both mother and fetus are unknown. METHODS: Because e-cigarettes are nicotine delivery systems, we sought to conduct a comprehensive review of the effects of nicotine on the fetus. RESULTS: In utero nicotine exposure in animal models is associated with adverse effects for the offspring lung, cardiovascular system and brain. In the lung, this included reduced surface area, weight, and volume, as well as emphysema-like lesions. In adulthood, exposed offspring demonstrate elevated blood pressure and increased perivascular adipose tissue. In the brain, exposure alters offspring serotonergic, dopaminergic, and norepinephrine networks, which in turn are associated with behavioral and cognitive impairments. We also review current data on the lack of efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnant women, and highlight different nicotine containing products such as snuff, snus, and hookah. CONCLUSION: We conclude that no amount of nicotine is known to be safe during pregnancy, and studies specifically addressing this risk are crucial and an imminent public health issue.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Data Source
Authors
Suter,M.A., Mastrobattista,J., Sachs,M., Aagaard,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141104
PMCID
PMC4830434
Editors
|
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| Efficacy of an Internet and SMS-based integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention for smoking cessation in young people: study protocol of a two-arm cluster randomised controlled trial | 2014 | Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8031 Zurich, Switzerland. severin.haug@isgf.uzh.ch. | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
BMC public health
Periodical, Abbrev.
BMC Public Health
Pub Date Free Form
5-Nov
Volume
14
Issue
Start Page
1140
Other Pages
2458-14-1140
Notes
LR: 20151029; ISRCTN/ISRCTN02427446; JID: 100968562; OID: NLM: PMC4228117; 2014/10/22 [received]; 2014/10/23 [accepted]; 2014/11/05 [aheadofprint]; epublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1471-2458; 1471-2458
Accession Number
PMID: 25369857
Language
eng
SubFile
Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-14-1140 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25369857
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking prevalence continues to be high, particularly among adolescents and young adults with lower educational levels, and is therefore a serious public health problem. Tobacco smoking and problem drinking often co-occur and relapses after successful smoking cessation are often associated with alcohol use. This study aims at testing the efficacy of an integrated smoking cessation and alcohol intervention by comparing it to a smoking cessation only intervention for young people, delivered via the Internet and mobile phone. METHODS/DESIGN: A two-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial with one follow-up assessment after 6 months will be conducted. Participants in the integrated intervention group will: (1) receive individually tailored web-based feedback on their drinking behaviour based on age and gender norms, (2) receive individually tailored mobile phone text messages to promote drinking within low-risk limits over a 3-month period, (3) receive individually tailored mobile phone text messages to support smoking cessation for 3 months, and (4) be offered the option of registering for a more intensive program that provides strategies for smoking cessation centred around a self-defined quit date. Participants in the smoking cessation only intervention group will only receive components (3) and (4). Study participants will be 1350 students who smoke tobacco daily/occasionally, from vocational schools in Switzerland. Main outcome criteria are 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence and cigarette consumption assessed at the 6-month follow up. DISCUSSION: This is the first study testing a fully automated intervention for smoking cessation that simultaneously addresses alcohol use and interrelations between tobacco and alcohol use. The integrated intervention can be easily implemented in various settings and could be used with large groups of young people in a cost-effective way. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN02427446 (date of registration: 08th September, 2014).
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Haug,S., Castro,R.P., Filler,A., Kowatsch,T., Fleisch,E., Schaub,M.P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20141105
PMCID
PMC4228117
Editors
|
|||
| Establishment of a community care center for isolation and management of Ebola patients - Bomi County, Liberia, October 2014 | 2014 | Read more... | |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Periodical, Abbrev.
MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep.
Pub Date Free Form
7-Nov
Volume
63
Issue
44
Start Page
1010
Other Pages
1012
Notes
JID: 7802429; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1545-861X; 0149-2195
Accession Number
PMID: 25375073
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
mm6344a6 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25375073
Abstract
As of October 29, 2014, a total of 6,454 Ebola virus disease (Ebola) cases had been reported in Liberia by the Liberian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, with 2,609 deaths. Although the national strategy for combating the ongoing Ebola epidemic calls for construction of Ebola treatment units (ETUs) in all 15 counties of Liberia, only a limited number are operational, and most of these are within Montserrado County. ETUs are intended to improve medical care delivery to persons whose illnesses meet Ebola case definitions, while also allowing for the safe isolation of patients to break chains of transmission in the community. Until additional ETUs are constructed, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare is supporting development of community care centers (CCCs) for isolation of patients who are awaiting Ebola diagnostic test results and for provision of basic care (e.g., oral rehydration salts solutions) to patients confirmed to have Ebola who are awaiting transfer to ETUs. CCCs often have less bed capacity than ETUs and are frequently placed in areas not served by ETUs; if built rapidly enough and in sufficient quantity, CCCs will allow Ebola-related health measures to reach a larger proportion of the population. Staffing requirements for CCCs are frequently lower than for ETUs because CCCs are often designed such that basic patient needs such as food are provided for by friends and family of patients rather than by CCC staff. (It is customary in Liberia for friends and family to provide food for hospitalized patients.) Creation of CCCs in Liberia has been led by county health officials and nongovernmental organizations, and this local, community-based approach is intended to destigmatize Ebola, to encourage persons with illness to seek care rather than remain at home, and to facilitate contact tracing of exposed family members. This report describes one Liberian county's approach to establishing a CCC.
Descriptors
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Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Logan,G., Vora,N.M., Nyensuah,T.G., Gasasira,A., Mott,J., Walke,H., Mahoney,F., Luce,R., Flannery,B., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
|
|||
| Regional differences in patterns of alcohol consumption: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank study on half a million people from 10 regions | 2014 | Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public He | Read more... |
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Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
Periodical, Abbrev.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
35
Issue
8
Start Page
875
Other Pages
881
Notes
LR: 20160322; GR: MC_U137686851/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom; JID: 8208604; ppublish
Place of Publication
China
ISSN/ISBN
0254-6450; 0254-6450
Accession Number
PMID: 25376674
Language
chi
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
25376674
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the regional differences on patterns of alcohol consumption across 10 study in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) areas involving half a million adults. METHODS: The baseline survey of CKB took place in 5 urban and 5 rural areas across China during 2004-2008. Detailed information on alcohol consumption of 512 891 participants aged 30-79 years was gathered and analyzed. RESULTS: were directly standardized on age (in 10-age groups) and education (5 groups) structure of the study population for different sex. RESULTS: The overall prevalence rates of regular drinking (i.e., at least weekly) were 33.1% among men and 2.2% among women. Among men, the prevalence rate was seen highest in Harbin (52.0%) and Sichuan (50.2%), but lowest in Gansu (8.1%) and Haikou (18.8%). Most regular drinkers in Sichuan, Hunan, and Gansu habitually drank strong spirits (>/= 40% alcohol content), whereas beer was most commonly consumed in Harbin and Qingdao, with rice wine most commonly used in the southern regions (Haikou, Suzhou,Zhejiang and Liuzhou). Mean alcohol consumption was highest in Sichuan (414.6 g/week). Although the mean alcohol consumptions appeared lower on regular occasion in Gansu (195.2 g/week) and Henan (239.6 g/week) than in other regions, the amount consumed on special occasions in these two regions were the highest (Henan:202.3 g/day; Gansu:171.2 g/day). Similar patterns were also seen in women. Of all the regular drinkers, 82.6% of men and 56.6% of women reported heavy drinking episodes (men: >60 g, women: >40 g) on special occasions. CONCLUSION: The patterns of alcohol consumption including prevalence, frequency, amount, binge drinking pattern, and type of alcohol beverage varied greatly among the ten areas of CKB under study.
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Lyu,J., Guo,Y., Bian,Z., Yu,C., Wang,Z., Zhou,H., Tan,Y., Chen,J., Chen,Z., Li,L., China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Collaborative Group, China Kadoorie Biobank CKB Collaborative Group
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