WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Effects of acid mist on needles from mature sitka spruce grafts. Part II. Influence of developmental stage, age and needle morphology on visible damage	1995	Leith, I.D., Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Edinburgh Research Station, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, United Kingdom	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental Pollution Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Pollut. Pub Date Free Form 1995/ Volume 90 Issue 3 Start Page 363 Other Pages 370 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0269-7491 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Mature grafts of five Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) clones were exposed to simulated acid mist comprising an equimolar mixture of H2SO4 and NH4NO3 (16 and 0.01 mol m-3) at pH 2.5 and 5.0. Mist was applied to potted plants growing in open-top chambers on consecutive days, four times a week, at a precipitation equivalent of 1 mm per day. The total exposure to polluted mist was equivalent to three times that measured at an upland forest in SE Scotland. The aim of the experiment was to characterize the response of juvenile foliage produced by physiologically mature grafts (on seedling root stock) and compare it with the behaviour of juvenile foliage on seedlings. Development of visible foliar damage was followed through the growing season. Measurements of needle length, diameter, weight, surface area, surface wax weight and wettability were made on current year needles to determine whether particular foliar characteristics increased susceptibility to injury. Significant amounts (> 10%) of visible needle damage was observed on only one of the five clones. Damage was most severe on the clone with the most horizontal branch and needle habit, but over the five clones there was no relationship between angle of branch display and damage. Likewise no combination of needle characteristics (length, width, area, amount of wax) was indicative of potential susceptibility. A comparison with previous acid misting experiments using seedlings suggests that juvenile foliage on physiologically mature trees is equally susceptible to visible injury as juvenile seedling foliage. Date of budburst differed among clones, and in this experiment exerted the over-riding influence on development of injury symptoms. Foliage exposed to a combination of strong acidity and high sulphate concentrations over the few weeks immediately following budburst suffered most visible injury. The absence of significant amounts of visible damage in UK forests probably reflects the general low susceptibility to visible injury of Sitka spruce exposed to acid mist. Descriptors ammonium nitrate, sulfate, sulfuric acid, acid rain, article, comparative study, controlled study, forest, morphology, nonhuman, pH, plant growth, plant leaf, precipitation, simulation, tree, United Kingdom Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Leith,I. D., Sheppard,L. J., Cape,J. N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Development of an innovative and "green" stir bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine biota	2014	LEMAR - UMR 6539 - Technopole de Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzane, France. Electronic address: camlacroix@hotmail.fr.; CEDRE - 715, Rue Alain Colas/CS 41836, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France.; CEDRE - 715, Rue Alain Colas/CS 41836, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France.; LE	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 4-Jul Volume 1349 Issue Start Page 1 Other Pages 10 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9318488; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/02/13 [received]; 2014/04/28 [revised]; 2014/04/29 [accepted]; 2014/05/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3778; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 24857036 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.094 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24857036 Abstract There is a growing awareness of the need to reduce the negative impact of chemical analyses on the environment and to develop new eco-friendly and sustainable analytical methods without compromising performance. In this study, we developed a "green" analytical method enabling the accurate and simultaneous routine analysis of 21 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in reduced quantities (100mg and 1g wet weight (WW)) of marine biota samples (fish muscle, mussel and oyster tissues) using alkaline digestion combined with stir bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SBSE-GC-MS/MS). The innovative method provides good selectivity and specificity for most compounds. In 1gWW samples, limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 1 to 10mug/kgWW in fish muscle and from 0.5 to 10mug/kgWW in mussel tissue. The method enables most analytes to be quantified below the restrictive limits established by the European Commission (2 and 10mug/kgWW in fish muscle and bivalve mollusc, respectively). Higher LOQs were obtained in 100mgWW samples ranging from 1 to 50mug/kgWW. Recovery and linearity were assessed for all analytes. The results were satisfactory for most compounds with recoveries ranging from 94% to 117% in 1gWW mussel samples at spike concentration of 10ng/gWW with standard deviation not exceeding 12%. However, results confirmed that the SBSE efficiency is affected by the complexity of biological matrices, especially for high molecular weight compounds in lipid-rich mussel tissue. Because of the matrix effects, matrix-matched calibrations were carried out. Validation was performed using the standard reference material 1974c with recovery ranging from 71% to 119% except for naphthalene, anthracene and benzo(e)pyrene that were therefore not validated. Overall, the developed method meets analytical validation criteria for most compounds. Thanks to the combination of alkaline digestion and SBSE, which greatly simplifies sample treatment and limits solvent use to ethanol, the developed method followed most green analytical chemistry principles. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Lacroix,C., Le Cuff,N., Receveur,J., Moraga,D., Auffret,M., Guyomarch,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140504 PMCID Editors
Environmental lead exposure in a population of children in northern France: Factors affecting lead burden	2000	Leroyer, A., Ctr. de Rech/Sante Travail Ergonomie, 59037 Lille Cedex, France	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Industrial Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Ind.Med. Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 38 Issue 3 Start Page 281 Other Pages 289 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0271-3586 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: This study is part of the assessment of a site in northern France polluted by lead from industrial emissions. Our objectives were to look for the factors that influence lead burden in children aged 8-11 years. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study took place in 1996-97 and included 400 children (200 of whom lived on the metal-polluted site). Results: The geometric mean of the blood-lead levels of children living on the polluted site was 39.5 Î¼g/l (95% CI = 36.3-43.1); that of the non-exposed children was 30.6 Î¼g/l (95% CI=27.8-33.6) (P<0.0001). Analysis of the variations in the mean blood-lead levels showed associations with: Distance from the smelting plants (mean blood-lead level fell by a factor of 1/1.3 (95% CI = 1/1.2-1/1.4) for each km from the smelter over the range of 1-3 km and was constant thereafter) and consumption of tap water (when the water pipes were made of lead, the mean blood-lead level of children who drank tap water was twice as high (95% CI=1.2-3.4) as that of children who did not). Conclusions: The children's blood-lead levels were essentially linked to two factors: Proximity to the smelters and drinking tap rather than bottled water. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Descriptors lead, tap water, body burden, child, conference paper, controlled study, environmental exposure, female, fluid intake, France, human, lead blood level, lead poisoning, major clinical study, male, population risk, residential home, risk factor, smelter, soil pollution, water contamination Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Leroyer,A., Nisse,C., Hemon,D., Gruchociak,A., Salomez,J. -L, Haguenoer,J. -M Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Pathologic, morphologic and anthropologic characteristics of Avarian teeth and jaws from graves in Becej	1991	LetiÄ‡, V.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo Periodical, Abbrev. Srp.Arh.Celok.Lek. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 119 Issue 6-May Start Page 125 Other Pages 129 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0370-8179 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract During the reconstruction of the water pipe lines, in Pionirska street, at Bechej in 1989, a part of a large graveyard was uncovered. Human remains were found in graves, below the level of the underground water, so that the most of the human skeletons were either completely destroyed, or partly preserved. A few graves were damaged during excavations in previous ears and some of the graves were robbed also at an earlier period. Paleopathological and anthropological investigation carried out at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, revealed that these remains belong to an Avarian population which had similar epigenetic and anthropometric characteristics as the Avarian population found at the well known site at Kiskoros Vagohid, in Hungary, precisely the skeleton from the grave No. XXXV. Study of the teeth and jaws complete these results. At six mandibles, which belong to the mature skeletons, was found narrowness in the frontal region of the mandibular alveolar arch was recorded. Degree of narrowness of the frontal mandibular dental arch, deficient in space at mandibles was different, and varied from 2 mm to 8.5 mm, or 3 to 24.38%, which is necessary to set the teeth in the correct line in a mandible. Descriptors article, dentition, histology, history, human, mandible, physical anthropology, Yugoslavia Links Book Title Patoloske, morfoloske i antropoloske karakteristike zuba i vilica Avara iz nekropole u Beceju. Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors LetiÄ‡,V., DjuriÄ‡-SrejiÄ‡,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Testing a process-based model of tree seedling growth by manipulating [CO2] and nutrient uptake	2000	Levy, P.E., Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, United Kingdom	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tree physiology Periodical, Abbrev. Tree Physiol. Pub Date Free Form 2000/ Volume 20 Issue 15 Start Page 993 Other Pages 1005 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0829-318X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A model was developed that simulated photosynthesis, growth and allocation in tree seedlings. The model was parameterized with data from experiments on seedlings of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong) Carr.) and young birch trees (Betula pendula Roth.). In these experiments, CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and nutrient addition rate were varied. Parameters quantifying nutrient uptake, translocation and starch synthesis were fitted, based on data from control treatments. Elevated [CO2] and low-nutrient treatments were then used to test the predicted response of growth and allocation against observations. The model accurately predicted total seedling growth in the elevated [CO2] treatments. A response of growth to elevated [CO2] was seen in the birch and sycamore experiments, but not in the Sitka spruce, because of photosynthetic down-regulation. Predictions of allocation were reasonably accurate in the birch and Sitka spruce experiments, but were notably poorer in the sycamore experiments, possibly because of differences in sink strength between root and shoot. In the birch and sycamore experiments, little change in allocation with elevated [CO2] was observed or predicted. This was ascribed to the relative values of K(Tc) and K(Tn), the translocation coefficients that determine the sensitivity of allocation to carbon and nitrogen uptake rates, respectively. Growth and allocation in the low-nutrient treatments were poorly predicted by the model. In Sitka spruce, it was suspected that the photosynthetic parameters measured in August 1994 had been higher earlier in the season, before nutrients became depleted. In sycamore, the discrepancies were thought to relate to differences in sink strength between root and shoot that could not be described by the model. Descriptors carbon dioxide, article, biological model, down regulation, growth, development and aging, photosynthesis, physiology, plant leaf, plant root, plant stem, tree Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Levy,P. E., Lucas,M. E., McKay,H. M., Escobar-Gutierrez,A. J., Rey,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Modeling of residual chlorine in water distribution system	2003	Li, X., Department of Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Environmental Sciences Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Sci. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 15 Issue 1 Start Page 136 Other Pages 144 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1001-0742 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Water quality within water distribution system may vary with both location and time. Water quality models are used to predict the spatial and temporal variation of water quality throughout water system. A model of residual chlorine decay in water pipe has been developed, given the consumption of chlorine in reactions with chemicals in bulk water, bio-films on pipe wall, in corrosion process, and the mass transport of chlorine from bulk water to pipe wall. Analytical methods of the flow path from water sources to the observed point and the water age of every observed node were proposed. Model is used to predict the decay of residual chlorine in an actual distribution system. Good agreement between calculated and measured values was obtained. Descriptors chlorine, article, chemistry, quality control, theoretical model, time, water flow, water supply Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Li,X., Gu,D. -M, Qi,J. -Y, Ukita,M., Zhao,H. -B Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoking habits and risk of fatal stroke: 18 years follow up of the Oslo Study	1996	Life Insurance Companies Institute of Medical Statistics, Oslo, Norway.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of epidemiology and community health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Epidemiol.Community Health Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 50 Issue 6 Start Page 621 Other Pages 624 Notes LR: 20130918; JID: 7909766; 0 (Blood Glucose); OID: NLM: PMC1060377; ppublish Place of Publication ENGLAND ISSN/ISBN 0143-005X; 0143-005X Accession Number PMID: 9039379 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 9039379 Abstract STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the risk of fatal stroke in relation to smoking habits in men screened for the Oslo study. DESIGN: The Oslo study is a prospective, cohort study of the epidemiology and preventive aspects of cardiovascular diseases in middle aged men. Screening started in May 1972 and results after 18 years of follow up are reported. PARTICIPANTS: There were 16209 men aged 40-49 years, of whom 16173 had no stroke history. Eighty five men died from stroke, of whom 48 were daily cigarettes smokers, 7 were pipe and cigar smokers, 15 smoked cigarettes and pipe or cigars daily, 11 were previous cigarette smokers, and 4 had never smoked cigarettes. MAIN RESULTS: Results of proportional hazards regression analysis adjusted for age, diastolic blood pressure, and glucose concentration showed the following rate ratios (RR) (95% confidence interval) of smoking groups compared with those who had never smoked or had previously smoked: combined cigarette and cigar or pipe smokers, RR = 6.1 (3.0, 12.5); cigarettes only, RR = 4.1 (2.3,7.4); and pipe and/or cigars only RR = 2.2 (0.9,5.5). The overall, age adjusted risk of smoking cigarettes daily was 3.5 and was found to increase with increasing cigarette consumption. Regardless of their smoking group, stroke cases had increased diastolic (DBP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) when compared with men who had not had a stroke. The absolute differences in DBP and SBP between stroke cases and others for never and previous cigarette smokers versus daily smokers were twice as large: DBP, 12.1 mmHg versus 6.5 mmHg respectively and SBP, 16.0 mmHg versus 7.1 mmHg respectively. A high BMI increased the risk of fatal stroke of never and previous cigarette smokers. Men being treated for hypertension at the time of screening had three times the crude risk of fatal stroke of men who were not taking hypertensive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Daily cigarette smoking increased the risk of fatal stroke three and a half times. Combined cigarette and pipe or cigar smoking had a higher risk than smoking cigarettes only. An increased risk was found in relation to increased daily cigarette consumption. Descriptors Adult, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology/mortality, Cohort Studies, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Norway/epidemiology, Prospective Studies, Regression Analysis, Smoking/adverse effects, Survival Rate Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Haheim,L. L., Holme,I., Hjermann,I., Leren,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC1060377 Editors
The effects of Koryo Hand-Acupuncture on the patients with chronic low back pain	2003	Lim, N.Y., Department of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Taehan Kanho Hakhoe chi Periodical, Abbrev. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi Pub Date Free Form / Volume 33 Issue 1 Start Page 79 Other Pages 86 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1598-2874 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of Koryo Hand-Acupuncture on health status(pain, trunk flexion, IADL, depression) of patients with chronic low back pain. METHOD: This study used a quasi experimental pre-test and post-test design. Data were collected from December 1st, 2000 to December 20th, 2001. 63 chronic low back pain patients(35 experimental group, 28 control group) admitted to the Back-School and consented to this study. The experimental group participated in treatment : Koryo Hand-Acupuncture and AB-Bong. Two groups was homogeneity. After 4 weeks the effects of treatment on the health status was measured between experimental and control group. Data were analyzed using SPSSWIN 10.0 with crosstab, t-test, and paired t-test. RESULT: In the experimental group, pain(t=4.85, p=.000) and IADL difficulty(t=2.05, p=.045) was significantly lower than those in the control group. It makes no difference trunk flexion(t=-1.60, p=.114) and depression(t=1.50, p=.138) between experimental and control group. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that Koryo-Hand Acupuncture is an effective method for reducing pain and IADL difficulty in patients with chronic low back pain, and is considered as a independent nursing intervention for chronic low back pain. Descriptors article Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Lim,N. Y., Yi,Y. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
How risky is it to use e-cigarettes? Smokers' beliefs about their health risks from using novel and traditional tobacco products	2015	Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, jkadis@unc.edu.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Behavioral Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Behav.Med. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 38 Issue 2 Start Page 318 Other Pages 326 Notes LR: 20151001; GR: R25 CA057726/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: U01 CA154254/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7807105; NIHMS707851; OID: NLM: NIHMS707851; OID: NLM: PMC4520302; 2014/01/25 [received]; 2014/10/11 [accepted]; 2014/10/28 [aheadofprint]; pp Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1573-3521; 0160-7715 Accession Number PMID: 25348584 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1007/s10865-014-9605-2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25348584 Abstract We sought to understand smokers' perceived likelihood of health problems from using cigarettes and four non-cigarette tobacco products (NCTPs: e-cigarettes, snus, dissolvable tobacco, and smokeless tobacco). A US national sample of 6,607 adult smokers completed an online survey in March 2013. Participants viewed e-cigarette use as less likely to cause lung cancer, oral cancer, or heart disease compared to smoking regular cigarettes (all p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Pepper,J.K., Emery,S.L., Ribisl,K.M., Rini,C.M., Brewer,N.T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141028 PMCID PMC4520302 Editors
A case study to detect the leakage of underground pressureless cement sewage water pipe using GPR, electrical, and chemical data	2002	Liu, G., Dept. of Environmental Engineering, College of Geoscience, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Environmental Science and Technology Periodical, Abbrev. Environ.Sci.Technol. Pub Date Free Form 2002/03 Volume 36 Issue 5 Start Page 1077 Other Pages 1085 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0013-936X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The exploration and determination of leakage of underground pressureless nonmetallic pipes is difficult to deal with. A comprehensive method combining Ground Penetrating Rader (GPR), electric potential survey and geochemical survey is introduced in the leakage detection of an underground pressureless nonmetallic sewage pipe in this paper. Theoretically, in the influencing scope of a leakage spot, the obvious changes of the electromagnetic properties and the physical-chemical properties of the underground media will be reflected as anomalies in GPR and electrical survey plots. The advantages of GPR and electrical survey are fast and accurate in detection of anomaly scope. In-situ analysis of the geophysical surveys can guide the geochemical survey. Then water and soil sampling and analyzing can be the evidence for judging the anomaly is caused by pipe leakage or not. On the basis of previous tests and practical surveys, the GPR waveforms, electric potential curves, contour maps, and chemical survey results are all classified into three types according to the extent or indexes of anomalies in order to find out the leakage spots. When three survey methods all show their anomalies as type I in an anomalous spot, this spot is suspected as the most possible leakage location. Otherwise, it will be down grade suspected point. The suspect leakage spots should be confirmed by referring the site conditions because some anomalies are caused other factors. The excavation afterward proved that the method for determining the suspected location by anomaly type is effective and economic. Comprehensive method of GRP, electric potential survey, and geochemical survey is one of the effective methods in the leakage detection of underground nonmetallic pressureless pipe with its advantages of being fast and accurate. Descriptors cement, accuracy, article, chemical analysis, chemical engineering, economic aspect, electric potential, electromagnetic field, geochemistry, physical chemistry, tube, water contamination Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Liu,G., Jia,Y., Liu,H., Qiu,H., Qiu,D., Shan,H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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