WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Relationship between smoking and folic acid, vitamin B12 and some haematological variables in patients with chronic periodontal disease	2006	Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey. olgun_ebru@yahoo.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 33 Issue 12 Start Page 878 Other Pages 884 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0425123; 0 (Hemoglobins); 935E97BOY8 (Folic Acid); P6YC3EG204 (Vitamin B 12); ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 17092240 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D; IM DOI CPE1003 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17092240 Abstract AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cigarette smoking and the serum levels of folic acid, vitamin B(12) and some haematological variables in patients with periodontal disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study base consisted of 88 volunteer patients with periodontal disease, including 45 current smokers in the age range 31-68 years and 43 non-smokers in the range 32-66 years. The clinical parameters included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Folic acid, vitamin B(12) and haematological variables were determined from peripheral blood samples. RESULTS: PI, PD and CAL means were significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers (p<0.05). The serum folic acid concentration of smokers was lower than that of non-smokers (p<0.05), whereas the white blood cell count was higher in smokers than in non-smokers (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that among patients with periodontal disease the serum folic acid concentration is lower in smokers compared with non-smokers. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Blood Cell Count, Chronic Disease, Dental Plaque Index, Female, Folic Acid/blood, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Gingivitis/classification, Hemoglobins/analysis, Humans, Leukocyte Count, Male, Middle Aged, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification, Periodontal Diseases/blood/classification, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/classification, Smoking/blood, Vitamin B 12/blood Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Erdemir,E. O., Bergstrom,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationship of blood lead in women and children to domestic water lead	1979	MRC Epidemiol. Unit, Cardiff	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nature Periodical, Abbrev. Nature Pub Date Free Form 1979/ Volume 282 Issue 5740 Start Page 712 Other Pages 713 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0028-0836 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Humans can be exposed to lead through food, drink, various occupations or hobbies and also some cosmetics. The contribution of these different exposures to the total body uptake varies between individuals and groups but it is generally accepted that food and drink are the major sources of body lead. On average, lead from water contributes markedly less to total intake than does lead from food. It has been suggested, however, that when average lead in water rises above 0.1 mg I-1 the intake from water begins to match or exceed that from food. We have previously reported that the mean blood lead levels in mothers and children on a housing estate with lead water pipes were over twice as high as those on an adjacent estate using copper pipes. Here we report that the blood lead levels, even when raised, remained very stable when lead exposures were unchanged. The removal of the lead water pipes produced a drop of approximately 50% in mean blood lead levels, reducing them to levels comparable to those on the copper piped estate. No other changes in lead exposure could be found to explain the variations in blood lead levels between the estates, and therefore the possibility of the large contribution of water lead to blood lead should be considered where the conditions described below are known to occur. Descriptors drinking water, lead, blood, blood and hemopoietic system, drug blood level, human cell, normal human, school child Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Thomas,H. F., Elwood,P. C., Welsby,E., St Leger,A. S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationship of cigarette smoking to attachment level profiles	2001	Department of Periodontology, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA 02115-3799, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 28 Issue 4 Start Page 283 Other Pages 295 Notes LR: 20071114; GR: DE-10977/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: DE-12108/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: DE-12861/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: etc.; JID: 0425123; ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 11314883 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11314883 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The present investigation examined clinical features of periodontal disease and patterns of attachment loss in adult periodontitis subjects who were current, past or never smokers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 289 adult periodontitis subjects ranging in age from 20-86 years with at least 20 teeth and at least 4 sites with pocket depth and/or attachment level >4 mm were recruited. Smoking history was obtained using a questionnaire. Measures of plaque accumulation, overt gingivitis, bleeding on probing, suppuration, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level were taken at 6 sites per tooth at all teeth excluding 3rd molars at a baseline visit. Subjects were subset according to smoking history into never, past and current smokers and for certain analyses into age categories 49. Uni- and multi-variate analyses examined associations between smoking category, age and clinical parameters. RESULTS: Current smokers had significantly more attachment loss, missing teeth, deeper pockets and fewer sites exhibiting bleeding on probing than past or never smokers. Current smokers had greater attachment loss than past or never smokers whether the subjects had mild, moderate or severe initial attachment loss. Increasing age and smoking status were independently significantly related to mean attachment level and the effect of these parameters was additive. Mean attachment level in non smokers 49 years was 2.49 and 4.10 mm respectively. Stepwise multiple linear regression indicated that age, pack years and being a current smoker were strongly associated with mean attachment level. Full mouth attachment level profiles indicated that smokers had more attachment loss than never smokers particularly at maxillary lingual sites and at lower anterior teeth. CONCLUSIONS: In accord with other studies, smokers had evidence of more severe periodontal disease than past or never smokers. At all levels of mean attachment loss, smokers exhibited more disease than never smokers. Difference in mean attachment level between smokers and never smokers at individual sites was not uniform. Significantly more loss was observed at maxillary lingual sites and lower anterior teeth suggesting the possibility of a local effect of cigarette smoking. Descriptors Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Dental Plaque/classification, Gingival Hemorrhage/classification, Gingivitis/classification, Humans, Linear Models, Mandible/pathology, Maxilla/pathology, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Periodontal Attachment Loss/classification/pathology/physiopathology, Periodontal Pocket/classification/pathology/physiopathology, Periodontitis/physiopathology, Risk Factors, Smoking/physiopathology, Suppuration, Tooth Loss/classification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Haffajee,A. D., Socransky,S. S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationships among factual and perceived knowledge of harms of waterpipe tobacco, perceived risk, and desire to quit among college users	2014	Duke University School of Nursing, USA Isaac.lipkus@duke.edu.; Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.; Duke University Medical Center, USA.; University of Texas, USA.; Duke University School of Nursing, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of health psychology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Health.Psychol. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 19 Issue 12 Start Page 1525 Other Pages 1535 Notes LR: 20150601; CI: (c) The Author(s) 2013; GR: P30 DA023026/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 DA023026/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA114389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA114389/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9703616; NIHMS6639 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1461-7277; 1359-1053 Accession Number PMID: 23928987 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1177/1359105313494926 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23928987 Abstract Waterpipe tobacco smoking is increasing in the United States among college students. Through a web-based survey, we explored associations among factual and perceived knowledge, perceived risks and worry about harm and addiction, and desire to quit among 316 college waterpipe tobacco smoking users. Overall, factual knowledge of the harm of waterpipe tobacco smoking was poor, factual and perceived knowledge was weakly correlated, both forms of knowledge were related inconsistently to perceived risks and worry, and neither form of knowledge was associated with the desire to quit. Findings provide preliminary insights as to why knowledge gaps may not predict cessation among waterpipe users. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lipkus,I.M., Eissenberg,T., Schwartz-Bloom,R.D., Prokhorov,A.V., Levy,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130808 PMCID PMC4358735 Editors
Relationships between Smoking Habits and the Hypertension Occurrence among the Adults of Communities in Paniai Regency, Papua Indonesia.	2018		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 9 Issue 1 Start Page Other Pages Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source google Authors Kayame, Robby, Mallongi, Anwar Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA): part II. Analyses of concentrations of particulate matter species	2007	Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. turpin@envsci.rutgers.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Research report (Health Effects Institute) Periodical, Abbrev. Res.Rep.Health Eff.Inst. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume (130 Pt 2) Issue 130 Pt 2 Start Page 1 Other Pages 77; discussion 79-92 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: P30 ES005022/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8812230; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Organic Chemicals); 0 (Particulate Matter); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1041-5505; 1041-5505 Accession Number PMID: 18064946 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18064946 Abstract During the study Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA), 48-hour integrated indoor, outdoor, and personal air samples were collected between summer 1999 and spring 2001 in three different areas of the United States: Elizabeth NJ, Houston TX, and Los Angeles County CA. Air samples suitable for analyzing particulate matter 2.5 microm or smaller in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) were collected in 219 homes (twice in 169 homes). Indoor and outdoor air samples suitable for gas-phase and particle-phase organic analyses were collected in 152 homes (twice in 132 homes). Samples or subsets of samples were analyzed for PM2.5 mass, organic functional groups, elements, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), gas-phase and particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and chlordanes. Air exchange rate (AER), temperature, and relative humidity were measured for each residence; questionnaire data and time-activity information were collected from the participants. Median indoor, outdoor, and personal PM2.5 mass concentrations were 14.4, 15.5, and 31.4 microg/m3, respectively. Personal PM2.5 concentrations were significantly higher and more variable than indoor and outdoor concentrations. Several approaches were applied to quantify indoor PM2.5 of ambient (outdoor) and nonambient (indoor) origin, some using PM2.5 mass concentrations and others using PM2.5 species concentrations. PM of outdoor origin was estimated in three ways using increasingly accurate assumptions. Comparing estimates from the three approaches enabled us to quantify several types of errors that may be introduced when central-site PM concentrations are used as surrogate estimates for PM exposure. Estimates made using individual measurements produced broader distributions and higher means than those made using a single infiltration factor for all homes and days. The best estimate (produced by the robust regression approach) of the mean contribution of outdoor PM2.5 to the indoor mass concentration was 73% and to personal exposure was 26%. Possible implications of exposure error for epidemiologic assessments of PM are discussed below. Organic particulate matter was the major constituent of PM2.5 generated indoors. After correcting for artifacts, it constituted 48%, 55%, and 61% of PM2.5 mass inside study homes in Los Angeles, Elizabeth, and Houston, respectively. At least 40% but probably closer to 75% of this organic matter, on average, was emitted or formed indoors. Functional group analysis provided some insights into the composition and properties of the indoor-generated organic PM2.5. Chlordane, a very minor but mutagenic semivolatile organic mixture previously used as a termiticide, was found to be mostly of indoor origin. High emission rates were most frequently found in homes built from 1945 to 1959. Analysis of the change in gas-particle partitioning during transport of outdoor PAHs to indoor environments illustrated that chemical thermodynamics can alter the concentration and composition of outdoor PM as it is transported indoors. (This has been previously noted for nitrate [Lunden et al 2003].) In epidemiologic studies that rely on central-site monitoring data, such transformations may result in measurement error, and this possibility warrants further investigation. Descriptors* Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Air Pollutants/analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Child, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Los Angeles, Male, Middle Aged, New Jersey, Organic Chemicals/analysis, Particle Size, Particulate Matter/analysis, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Surveys and Questionnaires, Texas, Urban Health Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Turpin,B. J., Weisel,C. P., Morandi,M., Colome,S., Stock,T., Eisenreich,S., Buckley,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Release of bisphenols from can coatings into canned beer in China market	2015	State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the science of food and agriculture Periodical, Abbrev. J.Sci.Food Agric. Pub Date Free Form 15-Mar Volume 95 Issue 4 Start Page 764 Other Pages 770 Notes CI: (c) 2014; JID: 0376334; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (Phenols); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/09/12 [received]; 2014/06/14 [revised]; 2014/07/20 [acce Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1097-0010; 0022-5142 Accession Number PMID: 25092470 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1002/jsfa.6862 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25092470 Abstract BACKGROUND: The aim of this research was to understand the migration of bisphenols from can coatings into foods in the Chinese market. RESULTS: The migration of bisphenols was studied in commercial cans from the Chinese market filled with four types of food simulant (FS), which were heated at 121 degrees C for 30 min and stored at 40 degrees C for 30 days. Only bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) were found in the can coatings, and SimC (10% (v/v) ethanol/water) was the most suitable FS for their release. The levels of these bisphenols in 24 kinds of canned beer from Chinese markets were also investigated. The average concentrations of BPA and BADGE were 2.85 +/- 0.79 and 0.38 +/- 0.19 microg . L(-)(1) respectively, which were both lower than the EU limits, and their respective daily intakes were estimated at 0.015 and 0.0020 microg . kg(-)(1) body weight . day(-)(1). Besides, increasing storage temperature and time accelerated the release of bisphenols into FSs. CONCLUSION: The present results provide some guidance to reduce the migration of bisphenols during the transport and storage of canned foods. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society of Chemical Industry Data Source Authors Xie,Y., Bao,Y., Wang,H., Cheng,Y., Qian,H., Yao,W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140911 PMCID Editors
Release of drinking water contaminants and odor impacts caused by green building cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plumbing systems	2014	Department of Civil Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.; Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.; Department of Statistics and Mathematics, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.; Lyles School o	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form 15-Dec Volume 67 Issue Start Page 19 Other Pages 32 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 0105072; 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Organic Chemicals); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 7440-44-0 (Carbon); 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/04/21 [received]; 2014/08/26 [revised]; 2014/08/31 [accepted]; 2014/09/10 [ahe Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1879-2448; 0043-1354 Accession Number PMID: 25259680 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.051 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25259680 Abstract Green buildings are increasingly being plumbed with crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) potable water pipe. Tap water quality was investigated at a six month old plumbing system and chemical and odor quality impacts of six PEX pipe brands were examined. Eleven PEX related contaminants were found in the plumbing system; one regulated (toluene) and several unregulated: Antioxidant degradation products, resin solvents, initiator degradation products, or manufacturing aides. Water chemical and odor quality was monitored for new PEX-a, -b and -c pipes with (2 mg/L free chlorine) and without disinfectant over 30 days. Odor and total organic carbon (TOC) levels decreased for all pipes, but odor remained greater than the USA's Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) secondary maximum contaminant level. Odors were not attributed to known odorants ethyl-tert-butyl ether (ETBE) or methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Free chlorine caused odor levels for PEX-a1 pipe to increase from 26 to 75 threshold odor number (TON) on day 3 and affected the rate at which TOC changed for each brand over 30 days. As TOC decreased, the ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm increased. Pipes consumed as much as 0.5 mg/L as Cl2 during each 3 day stagnation period. Sixteen organic chemicals were identified, including toluene, pyridine, methylene trichloroacetate and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Some were also detected during the plumbing system field investigation. Six brands of PEX pipes sold in the USA and a PEX-a green building plumbing system impacted chemical and drinking water odor quality. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Kelley,K.M., Stenson,A.C., Dey,R., Whelton,A.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140910 PMCID Editors
Reliability of internet- versus telephone-administered questionnaires in a diverse sample of smokers	2008	Georgetown University Medical Center / Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3300 Whitehaven St, NW, Milton Harris Bldg, Suite 4100, Washington, DC 20007, USA. alg45@georgetown.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of medical Internet research Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Internet Res. Pub Date Free Form 26-Mar Volume 10 Issue 1 Start Page e8 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00282009; GR: R01 CA104836/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA104836-05/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 100959882; OID: NLM: PMC2483847; 2007/10/28 [received]; 2008/02/20 [accepted]; 2008/02/07 [revised]; epubli Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1438-8871; 1438-8871 Accession Number PMID: 18364345 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM DOI 10.2196/jmir.987 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18364345 Abstract BACKGROUND: Smoking is more prevalent among lower-income individuals and certain racial/ethnic minorities. Addressing tobacco cessation among diverse populations is an urgent public health priority. As Internet use continues to rise among all segments of the US population, Web-based interventions have enormous potential to reach priority populations. Conducting Web-based smoking cessation research in priority populations requires psychometrically sound measurement instruments. To date, only one published study has examined the psychometric properties of Internet-administered measures commonly used in Web-based cessation trials. However, the sample was homogeneous with regard to race/ethnicity and income. We sought to replicate and extend these findings in a more diverse sample of smokers. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to examine the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of measures commonly used in smoking cessation clinical trials among racial/ethnic minorities and smokers with lower income. METHODS: Participants were enrolled in a randomized trial of the efficacy of an Internet smoking cessation program between June 2005 and September 2006. Following a baseline telephone assessment and randomization into the parent trial, participants were recruited to the reliability substudy. In phase I of recruitment, all participants in the parent trial were recruited to the substudy; in phase II, all consecutive racial/ethnic minority participants in the parent trial were recruited. Race and ethnicity were assessed via self-report using two standard items from the US Office of Management and Budget. An email was sent 2 days after the telephone assessment with a link to the Internet survey. Measures examined were quit methods, perceived stress, depression, social support, smoking temptations, alcohol use, perceived health status, and income. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of Internet- versus telephone-administered measures were examined within four strata defined by race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, racial/ethnic minority) and annual household income (US $40,000 or less, more than $40,000). RESULTS: Of the 442 individuals invited, 319 participated (72% response rate): 52.4% were non-Hispanic White, 22.9% Black, 11.6% Hispanic, 7.8% Asian, 4.4% American Indian / Alaska Native, and 1% Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander. About half (49.4%) reported an annual household income of US $40,000 or less, and 25.7% had a high school degree or less. Test-retest reliability was satisfactory to excellent across all strata for the majority of measures examined: 9 of 12 continuous variables had intraclass correlation coefficients > or = 0.70, and 10 of 18 binary variables and both ordinal variables had kappa coefficients > or = 0.70. Test-retest reliability of several quit methods varied across strata. CONCLUSIONS: Race/ethnicity and income do not affect the psychometric properties of most Internet-administered measures examined. This knowledge adds to the confidence of conducting Web-based smoking cessation research and strengthens the scientific rigor of collecting information via the Internet on racial/ethnic minority and low-income subgroups. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov NCT00282009 (parent trial). Descriptors Adult, Confidence Intervals, Female, Health Behavior/ethnology, Humans, Internet/utilization, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Education as Topic/methods, Patient Participation/statistics & numerical data, Poverty, Psychometrics, Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Smoking/ethnology, Smoking Cessation/ethnology/methods, Surveys and Questionnaires, Telephone/utilization, Tobacco Use Disorder/ethnology/rehabilitation, Treatment Outcome, United States/epidemiology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Graham,A. L., Papandonatos,G. D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080326 PMCID PMC2483847 Editors
Removal of MS2, Qbeta and GA bacteriophages during drinking water treatment at pilot scale	2012	Veolia Environment Research and Innovation, Chemin de la Digue, BP76, 78608 Maisons-Laffitte Cedex, France. nicolas.boudaud@veolia.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form 15-May Volume 46 Issue 8 Start Page 2651 Other Pages 2664 Notes LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2012; JID: 0105072; 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Membranes, Artificial); 0 (Solutions); 4R7X1O2820 (Chlorine); 2011/03/01 [received]; 2012/01/27 [revised]; 2012/02/11 [accepted]; 2012/03/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1879-2448; 0043-1354 Accession Number PMID: 22421032 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.020 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 22421032 Abstract The removal of MS2, Qbeta and GA, F-specific RNA bacteriophages, potential surrogates for pathogenic waterborne viruses, was investigated during a conventional drinking water treatment at pilot scale by using river water, artificially and independently spiked with these bacteriophages. The objective of this work is to develop a standard system for assessing the effectiveness of drinking water plants with respect to the removal of MS2, Qbeta and GA bacteriophages by a conventional pre-treatment process (coagulation-flocculation-settling-sand filtration) followed or not by an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane (complete treatment process). The specific performances of three UF membranes alone were assessed by using (i) pre-treated water and (ii) 0.1 mM sterile phosphate buffer solution (PBS), spiked with bacteriophages. These UF membranes tested in this work were designed for drinking water treatment market and were also selected for research purpose. The hypothesis serving as base for this study was that the interfacial properties for these three bacteriophages, in terms of electrostatic charge and the degree of hydrophobicity, could induce variations in the removal performances achieved by drinking water treatments. The comparison of the results showed a similar behaviour for both MS2 and Qbeta surrogates whereas it was particularly atypical for the GA surrogate. The infectious character of MS2 and Qbeta bacteriophages was mostly removed after clarification followed by sand filtration processes (more than a 4.8-log reduction) while genomic copies were removed at more than a 4.0-log after the complete treatment process. On the contrary, GA bacteriophage was only slightly removed by clarification followed by sand filtration, with less than 1.7-log and 1.2-log reduction, respectively. After the complete treatment process achieved, GA bacteriophage was removed with less than 2.2-log and 1.6-log reduction, respectively. The effectiveness of the three UF membranes tested in terms of bacteriophages removal showed significant differences, especially for GA bacteriophage. These results could provide recommendations for drinking water suppliers in terms of selection criteria for membranes. MS2 bacteriophage is widely used as a surrogate for pathogenic waterborne viruses in Europe and the United States. In this study, the choice of MS2 bacteriophage as the best surrogate to be used for assessment of the effectiveness of drinking water treatment in removal of pathogenic waterborne viruses in worst conditions is clearly challenged. It was shown that GA bacteriophage is potentially a better surrogate as a worst case than MS2. Considering GA bacteriophage as the best surrogate in this study, a chlorine disinfection step could guaranteed a complete removal of this model and ensure the safety character of drinking water plants. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Boudaud,N., Machinal,C., David,F., Freval-Le Bourdonnec,A., Jossent,J., Bakanga,F., Arnal,C., Jaffrezic,M.P., Oberti,S., Gantzer,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120303 PMCID Editors

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