WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Regional groundwater monitoring and examples of acidification trends in the province of Goteborg and Bohus, southwestern Sweden	1995	Swedberg, S., Prov. Government of Goteborg/Bohus, Department of Environment, Natural Resources, S-403 40 Goteborg, Sweden	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water, air, and soil pollution Periodical, Abbrev. Water Air Soil Pollut. Pub Date Free Form 1995/12 Volume 85 Issue 3 Start Page 1843 Other Pages 1848 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0049-6979 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Acidification is the most serious threat to the groundwater quality in the province, causing both corrosion on water pipe systems and increased leaching of metals from the ground. The regional groundwater monitoring programme focuses on parameters as pH, alkalinity, sulphate and total aluminium. Sampling is done regularly in 1) natural groundwater springs in the countryside, 2) public water supplies, 3) observation wells in the countryside and 4) observation wells in urban areas. For most of the sites, analysing has been carried out during a time period that is shorter than five years. These sites give valuable information about the general relationship between groundwater acidity and the hydrogeological conditions in the recharge areas. Results from regular sampling of public water supplies have been used for studies of time series. The trends indicate that the hydrogeological conditions are of great importance for how the groundwater responds to acid input. In general, surficial groundwater in Quaternary deposits is more sensitive to acidification than groundwater in crystalline bedrock. One example of progressing groundwater acidification since the early 1970's origins from the water supply at Backamo, 20 km south of Uddevalla. The well is situated at the slope of a delta deposit and water is taken from a depth of 2,5 meters below ground level. During the time period 1970-1994 pH has decreased about 0,2 units and alkalinity about 9 mg HCO3 L-1. The ratio total hardness/alkalinity increased with time. During 1995 the regional groundwater monitoring programme is being reviewed. Descriptors aluminum, ground water, sulfate, acid rain, acidification, alkalinity, conference paper, environmental monitoring, pH, Sweden Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Swedberg,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Rehabilitation methods: A national overview; LES METHODES DE REMISE EN ETAT DES CONDUITES EN ITALIE	1990	Azienda Acquedotto Minicipale di Torino, Corso XI Febbraio n. 14, I-10152 Torino	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 1990/ Volume 8 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 203 Other Pages 211 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0735-1917 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The methods for water pipe renewal are not widely used in Italy. In the field of water distribution networks, experiments have been confined, for the moment, to some remarkable applications made by Azienda Acquedotto Municipale (Municipal Water Utility) of Turin and refer to the following: -descaling and cleaning by the canal-jet method; - inside sealing of joints by epoxy resins; - lining old asbestos cement pipes, no longer valid, with pipes in a variety of materials; - in-situ coating of old asbestos cement and grey pig iron pipes by a flexible sheath of resin-impregnated, synthetic-fiber woven material. The main data referring to the said corrective actions are supplied, together with costs and evaluations apt to provide a general comparison between the various methods. Most favourable conclusions can be drawn on the methods tested, from the results discussed. Indeed, it is felt that such methods can be the correct approach to solve specific problems, while permitting sizeable savings as compared to outright replacement of pipes. Descriptors conference paper, Italy, management, pipeline, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Merlo,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Rehabilitation methods: Linings. Cement mortar lining of watermains by mortar injection principle	1990	ABV, Gothenburg	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 1990/ Volume 8 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 279 Other Pages 282 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0735-1917 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Conpipe is a technique for restoring water pipeline systems used in Sweden and in GDR. The Conpipe is based on the principle a new pipe built inside the old one using super polymeric concreted grout. Planned reconstruction will predominantly concentrate on cast iron end steel pipes up to 300 mm diameter. More than 2000 km of pipeline have been restored since 1974. Descriptors cement, conference paper, management, pipeline, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Lannblad,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Reigniting tobacco ritual: waterpipe tobacco smoking establishment culture in the United States	2014	Program for Research on Media and Health, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA;; Div	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 16 Issue 12 Start Page 1549 Other Pages 1558 Notes LR: 20151201; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: R01 CA140150/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01-CA140150/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC4296182; 2014/06/27 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24972889 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Observational Study; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu101 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24972889 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is an increasingly prevalent form of tobacco use in the United States. Its appeal may stem from its social, ritualistic, and aesthetic nature. Our aim in this study was to understand WTS as a social ritual with the goal of informing prevention efforts. METHODS: We conducted a covert observational study consisting of 38 observation sessions in 11 WTS establishments in 3 U.S. cities. Data collection was based on an established conceptual framework describing ritualistic elements of tobacco use. Iterative codebook development and qualitative thematic synthesis were used to analyze data. RESULTS: Atmospheres ranged from quiet coffee shop to boisterous bar party environments. While some children and older adults were present, the majority of clientele were young adults. Men and women were evenly represented. However, there were 19 occurrences of a male smoking by himself, but no women smoked alone. The vast majority (94%) of the clientele were actively smoking waterpipes. All 83 observed groups manifested at least 1 of the ritual elements of our conceptual framework, while 41 of the 83 observed groups (49%) demonstrated all 4 ritual elements. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its heterogeneity, WTS is often characterized by 1 or more established elements of a tobacco-related social ritual. It may be valuable for clinical and public health interventions to acknowledge and address the ritualistic elements and social function of WTS. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Carroll,M.V., Chang,J., Sidani,J.E., Barnett,T.E., Soule,E., Balbach,E., Primack,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140627 PMCID PMC4296182 Editors
Reinventamos un niÃ±o a travÃ©s de la forma tridimensional: Roberto con la Gorra	2012		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Rev.CES psicol Pub Date Free Form Volume 5 Issue 1 Start Page 102 Other Pages 111 Notes ID: 666903 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language es SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Du moment que nous proposons dans la cure dÂ’enfants un support plastique comme le dessin, la pÃ¢te Ã modeler ou la plasteline en tant que mÃ©diateur thÃ©rapeutique,nous produisons une rÃ©sonance dÂ’une autre plasticitÃ©, une plasticitÃ© psychique qui sÂ’oppose Ã la structure rigide du symptÃ´me. Avec les enfants, en particulier, nous sommes souvent surpris de la Â® plasticitÃ© Â» dont ils sont porteurs au cours du travail psychothÃ©rapeutique. Nous souhaitons rendre compte du parcours de plasticitÃ© psychique dÂ’un enfant de cinq ans, parcours au cours duquel il lui a Ã©tÃ© possible de rÃ©inventer un autre enfant, celui de la reprÃ©sentation psychique. Cette nouvelle reprÃ©sentation de lui-mÃªme, acquise par son travail psychothÃ©rapique, a changÃ© sa position subjective et a eu des effets sur sa souffrance. Le cas Ã©voquÃ© est celui dÂ’un enfant qui utilise lÂ’argile de modelage, support plastique particuliÃ¨rement intÃ©ressant car il permet de se placer au Â® centre de la chose corporelle Â» et de sa figuration. Ce cas a Ã©tÃ© lÂ’illustration dÂ’un autre article (Bayro-Corrochano, 1999). Nous le reprenons ici dans une forme Ã©purÃ©e.(AU) Descriptors Links http://revistas.ces.edu.co/index.php/psicologia/article/download/2092/1455 Book Title Database LILACS; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Bayro-Corrochano, Fernandi Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation	2013	Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 55 Philpot Street, London, UK, E1 2HJ.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 20-Aug Volume (8):CD003999. doi Issue 8 Start Page CD003999 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160602; GR: 14135/Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom; JID: 100909747; 0 (Benzazepines); 0 (Chewing Gum); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 0 (Quinoxalines); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); W6HS99O8ZO (Varenicline); epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 23963584 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD003999.pub4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23963584 Abstract BACKGROUND: A number of treatments can help smokers make a successful quit attempt, but many initially successful quitters relapse over time. Several interventions have been proposed to help prevent relapse. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether specific interventions for relapse prevention reduce the proportion of recent quitters who return to smoking. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register in May 2013 for studies mentioning relapse prevention or maintenance in title, abstracts or keywords. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials of relapse prevention interventions with a minimum follow-up of six months. We included smokers who quit on their own, were undergoing enforced abstinence, or were participating in treatment programmes. We included trials that compared relapse prevention interventions with a no intervention control, or that compared a cessation programme with additional relapse prevention components with a cessation programme alone. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Studies were screened and data extracted by one review author, and checked by a second. Disagreements were resolved by discussion or by referral to a third review author. MAIN RESULTS: Sixty-three studies met inclusion criteria but were heterogeneous in terms of populations and interventions. We considered 41 studies that randomly assigned abstainers separately from studies that randomly assigned participants before their quit date.Upon looking at studies of behavioural interventions that randomly assigned abstainers, we detected no benefit of brief and 'skills-based' relapse prevention methods for women who had quit smoking because of pregnancy, or for smokers undergoing a period of enforced abstinence during hospitalisation or military training. We also failed to detect significant effects of behavioural interventions in trials in unselected groups of smokers who had quit on their own or through a formal programme. Amongst trials randomly assigning smokers before their quit date and evaluating the effects of additional relapse prevention components, we found no evidence of benefit of behavioural interventions or combined behavioural and pharmacotherapeutic interventions in any subgroup. Overall, providing training in skills thought to be needed for relapse avoidance did not reduce relapse, but most studies did not use experimental designs best suited to the task and had limited power to detect expected small differences between interventions. For pharmacological interventions, extended treatment with varenicline significantly reduced relapse in one trial (risk ratio (RR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03 to 1.36). Pooling of six studies of extended treatment with bupropion failed to detect a significant effect (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.35). Two small trials of oral nicotine replacement treatment (NRT) failed to detect an effect, but treatment compliance was low, and in two other trials of oral NRT in which short-term abstainers were randomly assigned, a significant effect of intervention was noted. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: At the moment, there is insufficient evidence to support the use of any specific behavioural intervention to help smokers who have successfully quit for a short time to avoid relapse. The verdict is strongest for interventions focused on identifying and resolving tempting situations, as most studies were concerned with these. Little research is available regarding other behavioural approaches.Extended treatment with varenicline may prevent relapse. Extended treatment with bupropion is unlikely to have a clinically important effect. Studies of extended treatment with nicotine replacement are needed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hajek,P., Stead,L.F., West,R., Jarvis,M., Hartmann-Boyce,J., Lancaster,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130820 PMCID Editors
Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation	2009	Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, Turner Street, London, UK, E1 2AD.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 21-Jan Volume (1):CD003999. doi Issue 1 Start Page CD003999 Other Pages Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100909747; 0 (Chewing Gum); 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); CIN: Ann Intern Med. 2009 Jul 21;151(2):JC1-11. PMID: 19620155; UIN: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;8:CD003999. PMID: 23963584; RF: 93; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 19160228 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD003999.pub3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19160228 Abstract BACKGROUND: A number of treatments can help smokers make a successful quit attempt, but many initially successful quitters relapse over time. Several interventions were proposed to help prevent relapse. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether specific interventions for relapse prevention reduce the proportion of recent quitters who return to smoking. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register in August 2008 for studies mentioning relapse prevention or maintenance in title, abstracts or keywords. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials of relapse prevention interventions with a minimum follow up of six months. We included smokers who quit on their own, or were undergoing enforced abstinence, or who were participating in treatment programmes. We included trials that compared relapse prevention interventions to a no intervention control, or that compared a cessation programme with additional relapse prevention components to a cessation programme alone. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Studies were screened and data extracted by one author and checked by a second. Disagreements were resolved by discussion or referral to a third author. MAIN RESULTS: Fifty-four studies met inclusion criteria, but were heterogeneous in terms of populations and interventions. We considered 36 studies that randomized abstainers separately from studies that randomized participants prior to their quit date.Looking at studies of behavioural interventions which randomised abstainers, we detected no benefit of brief and 'skills-based' relapse prevention methods for women who had quit smoking due to pregnancy, or for smokers undergoing a period of enforced abstinence during hospitalisation or military training. We also failed to detect significant effects of behavioural interventions in trials in unselected groups of smokers who had quit on their own or with a formal programme. Amongst trials randomising smokers prior to their quit date and evaluating the effect of additional relapse prevention components we also found no evidence of benefit of behavioural interventions in any subgroup. Overall, providing training in skills thought to be needed for relapse avoidance did not reduce relapse, but most studies did not use experimental designs best suited to the task, and had limited power to detect expected small differences between interventions. For pharmacological interventions, extended treatment with varenicline significantly reduced relapse in one trial (risk ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.36). Pooling of five studies of extended treatment with bupropion failed to detect a significant effect (risk ratio 1.17; 95% confidence interval 0.99 to 1.39). Two small trials of oral nicotine replacement treatment (NRT) failed to detect an effect but treatment compliance was low and in two other trials of oral NRT randomizing short-term abstainers there was a significant effect of intervention. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: At the moment there is insufficient evidence to support the use of any specific behavioural intervention for helping smokers who have successfully quit for a short time to avoid relapse. The verdict is strongest for interventions focusing on identifying and resolving tempting situations, as most studies were concerned with these. There is little research available regarding other behavioural approaches. Extended treatment with varenicline may prevent relapse. Extended treatment with bupropion is unlikely to have a clinically important effect. Studies of extended treatment with nicotine replacement are needed. Descriptors Behavior Therapy, Chewing Gum, Female, Humans, Male, Nicotine/therapeutic use, Nicotinic Agonists, Pregnancy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Secondary Prevention, Smoking/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation/methods Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hajek,P., Stead,L. F., West,R., Jarvis,M., Lancaster,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090121 PMCID Editors
Relation between directly detected patent foramen ovale and ischemic brain lesions in sport divers	2001	Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern and University Hospital.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Annals of Internal Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Ann.Intern.Med. Pub Date Free Form 2-Jan Volume 134 Issue 1 Start Page 21 Other Pages 24 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0372351; CIN: Ann Intern Med. 2001 Nov 20;135(10):928; author reply 929. PMID: 11712888; CIN: Ann Intern Med. 2001 Nov 20;135(10):928-9. PMID: 11712889; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0003-4819; 0003-4819 Accession Number PMID: 11187416 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11187416 Abstract BACKGROUND: In divers, the significance of a patent foramen ovale and its potential relation to paradoxical gas emboli remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of symptoms of decompression illness and ischemic brain lesions in divers with regard to the presence of a patent foramen ovale. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: University hospital and three diving clubs in Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS: 52 sport divers and 52 nondiving controls. MEASUREMENTS: Prevalence of self-reported decompression events, patent foramen ovale on contrast transesophageal echocardiography, and ischemic brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: The risk for decompression illness events was 4.5-fold greater in divers with patent foramen ovale than in divers without patent foramen ovale (risk ratio, 4.5 [95% CI, 1.2 to 18.0]; P = 0.03). Among divers, 1.23 +/- 2.0 and 0.64 +/- 1.22 ischemic brain lesions per person (mean +/- SD) were detected in those with and those without patent foramen ovale, respectively. Among controls, 0.22 +/- 0.44 and 0.12 +/- 0.63 lesion per person were detected (P < 0.001 for all groups). CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of whether a diver has a patent foramen ovale, diving is associated with ischemic brain lesions. Descriptors Adult, Brain Ischemia/diagnosis/etiology, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Decompression Sickness/etiology/ultrasonography, Diving/adverse effects, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Embolism, Air/etiology, Female, Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications/diagnosis, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Poisson Distribution, Prevalence, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Selection Bias, Statistics, Nonparametric, Surveys and Questionnaires Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Schwerzmann,M., Seiler,C., Lipp,E., Guzman,R., Lovblad,K. O., Kraus,M., Kucher,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Relation between newspaper coverage of 'light' cigarette litigation and beliefs about 'lights' among American adolescents and young adults: the impact on risk perceptions and quitting intentions	2010	Adolescent Risk Communication Institute, Annenberg Public Policy Centre, University of Pennsylvania, 202 S 36th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. sdunlop@asc.upenn.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 19 Issue 4 Start Page 267 Other Pages 273 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 9209612; 2010/06/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 20530139 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1136/tc.2009.032029 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20530139 Abstract AIM: To investigate the impact of newspaper use in a year of increased coverage of litigation against the tobacco industry on youths' beliefs about the health risks of 'light' cigarettes, and examine relations between inaccurate beliefs about 'lights', perceptions of risk and intentions to quit smoking. PARTICIPANTS: The data come from the 2004 National Annenberg Survey of Youth, a representative random digit dial telephone survey of youths aged 14-22 years in the USA (n=1501; current smokers, n=305; 'lights' smokers, n=112). DESIGN: All youths were asked about newspaper use and beliefs regarding 'light' cigarettes (riskiness, addictiveness, ease of quitting). Smokers reported on risk perceptions and quitting intentions. We also examined changes in newspaper coverage related to 'lights' from January 2001 to April 2004. RESULTS: Newspaper coverage related to 'lights' increased in the first months of 2003, and continued into 2004. Logistic regression analyses suggest that 'lights' smokers with lower levels of newspaper use were most likely to hold inaccurate beliefs about 'lights' (OR=5.93, 95% CI 1.48 to 23.77). Smokers of 'lights' with inaccurate beliefs were less likely to perceive their smoking as risky (OR=0.29, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.87), and smokers with inaccurate beliefs were less likely to have strong quitting intentions (OR=0.52, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.96). CONCLUSIONS: Inaccurate beliefs about the risks of 'lights' were negatively related to youth smokers' perceptions of risk and intentions to quit smoking. News coverage surrounding the tobacco industry's failure to disclose these risks might help reduce these inaccurate, and potentially dangerous, beliefs. Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Intention, Male, Newspapers as Topic/trends, Smoking/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Tobacco Industry/legislation & jurisprudence, United States, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Dunlop,S. M., Romer,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100607 PMCID Editors
Relation between right-to-left shunts and spinal cord decompression sickness in divers	2009	Institute of Naval Medicine, French Navy, Toulon, France. gempp@voila.fr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International Journal of Sports Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Sports Med. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 30 Issue 2 Start Page 150 Other Pages 153 Notes JID: 8008349; EIN: Int J Sports Med. 2009 Feb;30(2):153; 2008/09/04 [epublish]; 2008/09/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 0172-4622; 0172-4622 Accession Number PMID: 18773377 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1055/s-2008-1038844 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18773377 Abstract The role of right-to-left shunting (RLS) in spinal cord decompression sickness (DCS) remains uncertain and could differ according to the distribution of lesion in spinal cord with a higher risk of upper spinal cord involvement in divers presenting a large patent foramen ovale. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of RLS with transcranial doppler ultrasonography in 49 divers referred for spinal cord DCS and compare it with the prevalence of RLS in 49 diving controls, and to determine a potential relation between RLS and lesion site of spinal cord. The proportion of large RLS was greater in DCS divers than in healthy control divers (odds ratio, 3.6 [95 % CI, 1.3 to 9.5]; p = 0.017). Shunting was not associated with the increased incidence of cervical spinal cord DCS (OR, 1.1 [95 % CI, 0.3 to 3.9]; p = 0.9) while a significant relationship between large RLS and spinal cord DCS with thoracolumbar involvement was demonstrated (OR, 6.9 [95 % CI, 2.3 to 20.4]; p < 0.001). From the above results, we conclude that the risk of spinal cord DCS in divers with hemodynamically relevant RLS is higher than in divers without RLS, particularly in their lower localization. Descriptors Case-Control Studies, Cervical Vertebrae/pathology, Confidence Intervals, Decompression Sickness/epidemiology/etiology/ultrasonography, Diving/adverse effects, Female, Foramen Ovale, Patent/complications/epidemiology, France/epidemiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Spinal Cord/pathology/ultrasonography, Spinal Cord Diseases/epidemiology/etiology/ultrasonography Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gempp,E., Blatteau,J. E., Stephant,E., Louge,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20080904 PMCID Editors

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