WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort ascending
Epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a general population-based study in Xi'an of Northwest China	2004	Department of Gastroenterology, Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China. jinhaiwang@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full World journal of gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. World J.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form 1-Jun Volume 10 Issue 11 Start Page 1647 Other Pages 1651 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100883448; OID: NLM: PMC4572771; ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 1007-9327; 1007-9327 Accession Number PMID: 15162542 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15162542 Abstract AIM: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder in the Western population, but detailed population-based data in China are limited. The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiology of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux (SGER) in adults of Xi'an, a northwestern city of China, and to explore the potential risk factors of GERD. METHODS: Symptoms suggestive of GERD, functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), upper respiratory diseases and some potential risk factors were investigated in a face-to-face manner in a region-stratified random samples of 2789 residents aged 18-70 years in Xi'an by using a standardized questionnaire. METHODS: With a response rate of 91.8%, the prevalence of SGER was 16.98% (95% CI, 14.2-18.92) in Xi'an adults, and no gender-related difference was observed (P<0.05). SGER was more common among subjects aged 30-70 years than in those aged 18-29 years (P<0.01). The prevalence of SGER in rural, urban and suburban subjects was 21.07%, 17.44% and 12.12%, respectively, and there was a significant difference between rural, urban and suburban regions (P<0.05). Compared with subjects without SGER, the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of FD and IBS, pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, chronic cough, wheeze, globus sensation, oral ulcer and snore was significantly increased in subjects with SGER (P<0.01). Heavy smoking (OR=5.76; CI, 3.70-6.67), heavy alcohol use (OR=2.85; CI, 1.67-4.49), peptic ulcer (OR=5.76; CI, 3.99-8.32), cerebral palsy (OR=3.97; CI, 1.97-8.00), abdominal operation (OR=2.69; CI, 1.75-4.13), obesity (OR=2.16; CI, 1.47-3.16), excessive food intake (OR=1.43; CI, 1.17-1.15), sweet food (OR=1.23; CI, 0.89-1.54), and consumption of coffee (OR=1.23; CI, 0.17-2.00) were independently associated with SGER. The episodes of GERD were commonly precipitated by dietary factors (66.05%), followed by body posture (26.54%), ill temper (23.72%), fatigue (22.32%) and stress (10.93%). CONCLUSION: GERD is common in Xi'an's adult population with a mild or moderate degree. The etiology and pathogenesis of GERD are probably associated with FD, IBS, and some respiratory, laryngopharyngeal and odontostological diseases or symptoms. Some lifestyles, diseases and dietary factors are the risk factors of GERD. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, China/epidemiology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology, Humans, Laryngitis/epidemiology, Lung Diseases/epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Pharyngitis/epidemiology, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Population/statistics & numerical data, Sex Distribution, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urban Population/statistics & numerical data Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wang,J. H., Luo,J. Y., Dong,L., Gong,J., Tong,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4572771 Editors
Development and process evaluation of a web-based smoking cessation program for college smokers: innovative tool for education	2004	Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1525 Clifton Road, Room 105, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. cescoff@sph.emory.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Patient education and counseling Periodical, Abbrev. Patient Educ.Couns. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 53 Issue 2 Start Page 217 Other Pages 225 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: DA14396-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8406280; 2002/12/13 [received]; 2003/04/23 [revised]; 2003/05/05 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 0738-3991; 0738-3991 Accession Number PMID: 15140462 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; N DOI 10.1016/S0738-3991(03)00163-0 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15140462 Abstract Smoking cessation interventions are needed for young adults. Innovative approaches to behavior change for this population should be tested. Formative research and process evaluation of those approaches would result in more effective programs. This paper presents the development process and process evaluation of a web-based smoking cessation program. A description of the stages of development is presented with formative research, development of the web-based intervention, formative evaluation, and process evaluation. The smokers reported high usage of the intervention and satisfaction with the intervention in that it helped to raise their consciousness about quitting, encouraged them to set behavioral goals, provided stages of change feedback, and offered interactivity in presenting information and strategies about quitting. The Internet may be a promising tool for patient education according to the process results. Descriptors Adult, Attitude to Health, Computer-Assisted Instruction/methods, Feasibility Studies, Female, Focus Groups, Follow-Up Studies, Goals, Health Behavior, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Internet/organization & administration, Male, Needs Assessment, Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care), Patient Education as Topic/methods, Program Evaluation, Smoking/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology, Southeastern United States, Students/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Universities Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Escoffery,C., McCormick,L., Bateman,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Efficacy of using self-etching primer with a 4-META/MMA-TBB resin cement in bonding orthodontic brackets to human enamel and effect of saliva contamination on shear bond strength	2004	Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan. somsak@mascat.nihon-u.ac.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Angle Orthodontist Periodical, Abbrev. Angle Orthod. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 74 Issue 2 Start Page 251 Other Pages 258 Notes LR: 20121115; JID: 0370550; 0 (Boron Compounds); 0 (Megabond); 0 (Methacrylates); 0 (Methylmethacrylates); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Resin Cements); 95508-14-8 (Super-bond); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0003-3219; 0003-3219 Accession Number PMID: 15132453 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI 10.1043/0003-3219(2004)074<0251:EOUSPW>2.0.CO;2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15132453 Abstract The objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of Megabond when used with Superbond C&B, a 4-methacryloloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META)/methyl methacrylate (MMA)-tri-n-butyl borane (TBB) resin, to bond orthodontic metal brackets to human enamel and (2) to examine the influence of saliva contamination on shear bond strength. Metal brackets were bonded to phosphoric acid-etched or Megabond-treated human premolars using Superbond C&B resin cement. The effects of saliva contamination after acid etching or self-etch priming, and the effect of re-etching or self-etch priming after saliva contamination on shear bond strength were also assessed. The shear bond strengths were measured after immersion in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Fisher's protected least significant difference test for multiple comparisons. There were no significant differences in shear bond strength between phosphoric acid etching and self-etch priming for no contamination, saliva contamination, and repeat treatment (etching or priming) after saliva contamination. With phosphoric acid etching, saliva contamination significantly decreased the shear bond strength. Repeat phosphoric acid etching after saliva contamination did not significantly improve the bond strengths. With self-etching primer treatment, however, saliva contamination did not cause any decrease of bond strength. Phosphoric acid etching produced more enamel fracture than self-etching primer treatment. Field-emission scanning microscopy revealed less dissolution of enamel surface resulted from self-etching primer compared with phosphoric acid. These results suggest that Megabond when used with Superbond C&B resin cement may be a good candidate for bonding orthodontic brackets to human enamel. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental/methods, Analysis of Variance, Boron Compounds, Chi-Square Distribution, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel/drug effects, Dental Stress Analysis, Humans, Materials Testing, Methacrylates/pharmacology, Methylmethacrylates, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Orthodontic Brackets, Phosphoric Acids/pharmacology, Random Allocation, Resin Cements, Saliva, Shear Strength, Surface Properties/drug effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sirirungrojying,S., Saito,K., Hayakawa,T., Kasai,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluation of shear bond strength with different enamel pre-treatments	2004	Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European journal of orthodontics Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.J.Orthod. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 26 Issue 2 Start Page 179 Other Pages 184 Notes LR: 20041117; JID: 7909010; 0 (Panavia TPN-S); 0 (Phosphates); 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (Transbond XT); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0141-5387; 0141-5387 Accession Number PMID: 15130041 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15130041 Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the shear bond strengths of two adhesives, Panavia-21 and a composite resin (Transbond XT), with different enamel pre-treatments, acid etching (37 per cent phosphoric acid) and grit blasting (50 microm aluminium oxide particles). The mode of bond failure was also assessed using the modified adhesive remnant index (ARI). Ninety freshly extracted non-carious human premolar teeth were randomly divided into the following groups: (1) Transbond XT, acid-etched enamel surface; (2) Panavia-21, acid-etched enamel surface; (3) Transbond XT, grit-blasted enamel surface; (4) Panavia-21, grit-blasted enamel surface; (5) Transbond XT, acid-etched enamel surface with grit-blasted brackets; (6) Panavia-21, acid-etched enamel surface with grit-blasted brackets. All groups had stainless steel brackets bonded to the buccal surface of each tooth. An Instron universal testing machine was used to determine the shear bond strengths at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/second. Statistical analysis was undertaken using analysis of variance and the Tukey test. The mean bond strength values were as follows: group 1, 135.7 +/- 23.0 N; group 2, 181.5 +/- 18.4 N; group 3, 38.4 +/- 27.5 N; group 4, 59.1 +/- 24.1 N; group 5, 106.7 +/- 21.5 N; group 6, 165.3 +/- 21.4 N. Panavia-21 with the acid-etched enamel surface had a significantly higher shear bond strength than the other groups (P < 0.001). This was followed by the composite group with the acid-etched enamel surface. This group differed significantly from the composite and Panavia-21 groups with the grit-blasted tooth surface (P < 0.001) and from the composite and Panavia-21 groups with the acid-etched enamel surface and grit-blasted brackets (P < 0.01). The current findings indicate that Panavia-21 is an excellent adhesive and produces a bond strength that is clinically useful. Enamel surface preparation using grit blasting alone results in a significantly lower bond strength and should not be advocated for clinical use. Descriptors Analysis of Variance, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel, Dental Etching/methods, Dental Stress Analysis, Humans, Materials Testing, Orthodontic Brackets, Phosphates, Random Allocation, Resin Cements, Shear Strength, Surface Properties Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Abu Alhaija,E. S., Al-Wahadni,A. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of smoking among rural secondary school students in Qualyobia governorate	2003	Egyptian Smoking Prevention Research Institute.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Egypt.Soc.Parasitol. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 33 Issue 3 Suppl Start Page 1031 Other Pages 1050 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: TW0594401/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States; JID: 8102141; ppublish Place of Publication Egypt ISSN/ISBN 1110-0583; 1110-0583 Accession Number PMID: 15119469 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15119469 Abstract A cross sectional study was carried out in two rural secondary schools in Qualyobia governorate in the academic year 2002-2003 in order to assess the students' knowledge, attitudes and practice toward smoking. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used. A total of 635 students, 416 males and 219 females were interviewed. The response rate was 100%. The prevalence of ever tried cigarette was 29% (40% among males and 7% among females) with a median age of initiation at 11 years of age. The prevalence of current cigarette smoking among all students was 7.7 (11.5% among males and 0% among females). Waterpipe (Shisha) smoking was reported by 19% (26% among males and 5% among females) with median age of initiation at 12 yearsof age. The risk of smoking is higher among sons of highly educated mothers (OR=3.7, 95% CI=1-12), Boy only school students have almost half the risk of smoking than mixed school male students (OR=0.4, 95% CI=0.2-0.8). On studying the effect of having a smoker family member or friends on students smoking, having a smoker friend increases the risk of male students three time (OR=3, 95%CI=2-5) while others smoking was not statistically significant. More than 90% of the students (both males and females) thought that active and passive smoking are harmful. More females than males thought smoking is addictive (89% of the females and 81% of the males) while more males than females agreed that smokers have more friends (34% of males, 26% of the females) and that smoking makes boys look handsome (8% of males, 3% of females). Descriptors Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Egypt/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Rural Health, Smoking/epidemiology/prevention & control, Smoking Cessation, Students/statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gadalla,S., Aboul-Fotouh,A., El-Setouhy,M., Mikhail,N., Abdel-Aziz,F., Mohamed,M. K., Kamal Ael,A., Israel,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Study on anti-androgenic effects of bisphenol a diglycidyl ether (BADGE), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) and their derivatives using cells stably transfected with human androgen receptor, AR-EcoScreen	2004	Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, 24-1 Hyakunincho 3-chome, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan. Kanako_Satou@member.netro.tokyo.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association Periodical, Abbrev. Food Chem.Toxicol. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 42 Issue 6 Start Page 983 Other Pages 993 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8207483; 0 (Androgen Antagonists); 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (Receptors, Androgen); 0 (bisphenol F diglycidyl ether); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); 2003/10/20 [received]; 2004/ Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0278-6915; 0278-6915 Accession Number PMID: 15110108 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2004.02.011 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15110108 Abstract We studied in vitro hormonal activity of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), which are used as a material of interior coating for food cans. We also examined related compounds such as 2,2-bis[4-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (BADGE.2HCl), and bis[4-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]methane (BFDGE.2HCl) etc. For this purpose, we constructed two stably transfected CHO-K1 cell lines (AR-EcoScreen for androgenic activity and c-luc for cell toxicity evaluation). One stably expresses luciferase with induction of androgen. The other stably expresses luciferase without androgen induction. Also, we have determined the androgenic and anti-androgenic effects of the test chemicals by reporter gene assay with these cell lines. None of the chemicals tested by this assay exhibited androgen agonistic activity. However, BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl had the conspicuous antagonistic activity for androgen. These compounds had a high binding affinity for androgen receptor. Furthermore, these two compounds did not show the estrogenic activity in vitro assays. On the contrary, bisphenol A and bisphenol F exhibited anti-androgenic activity in vitro in addition to the estrogenic activity. These results suggest that these chlorohydroxy compounds of BADGE and BFDGE act as androgen antagonist through the process of binding to androgen receptor. Descriptors Androgen Antagonists/pharmacology, Animals, Benzhydryl Compounds, CHO Cells, Carcinogens/pharmacology, Cricetinae, Cricetulus, Epoxy Compounds/pharmacology, Female, Food Packaging, Genes, Reporter, Receptors, Androgen/drug effects, Transfection Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Satoh,K., Ohyama,K., Aoki,N., Iida,M., Nagai,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease in a multiracial Asian population: a prospective, endoscopy based study	2004	Division of Gastroenterology, Dept of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.J.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 16 Issue 5 Start Page 495 Other Pages 501 Notes LR: 20091016; JID: 9000874; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0954-691X; 0954-691X Accession Number PMID: 15097043 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 00042737-200405000-00010 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15097043 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) amongst Malaysian patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study on consecutive patients with dyspepsia undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. SETTING: A large general hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive patients undergoing endoscopy for upper abdominal discomfort were examined for the presence of reflux oesophagitis, hiatus hernia and Barrett's oesophagus. The diagnosis and classification of reflux oesophagitis was based on the Los Angeles classification. Patients with predominant symptoms of heartburn or acid regurgitation of at least one per month for the past 6 months in the absence of reflux oesophagitis were diagnosed as having NERD. The prevalence of GORD, reflux oesophagitis and NERD were analysed in relation to age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), presence of hiatus hernia, Helicobacter pylori status, alcohol intake, smoking and level of education. RESULTS: One thousand patients were studied prospectively. Three hundred and eighty-eight patients (38.8%) were diagnosed as having GORD based on either predominant symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation and/or findings of reflux oesophagitis. One hundred and thirty-four patients (13.4%) had endoscopic evidence of reflux oesophagitis. Two hundred and fifty-four (65.5%) were diagnosed as having NERD. Hiatus hernia was found in 6.7% and Barrett's oesophagus in 2% of patients. Of our patients with reflux oesophagitis 20.1% had grade C and D oesophagitis. No patients had strictures. Following logistic regression analysis, the independent risk factors for GORD were Indian race (odds ratio (OR), 3.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.38-4.45), Malay race (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.16-2.38), BMI > 25 (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04-1.92), presence of hiatus hernia (OR, 4.21; 95% CI, 2.41-7.36), alcohol consumption (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.11-5.23) and high education level (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.02-2.26). For reflux oesophagitis independent the risk factors male gender (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.08-2.49), Indian race (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 2.05-5.17), presence of hiatus hernia (OR, 11.67; 95% CI, 6.40-21.26) and alcohol consumption (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.26-8.22). For NERD the independent risk factors were Indian race (OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 2.42-4.92), Malay race (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.20-2.69), BMI > 25 (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.04, 2.06) and high education level (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.06-2.59). CONCLUSIONS: Reflux oesophagitis and Barrett's oesophagus were not as uncommon as previously thought in a multiracial Asian population and a significant proportion of our patients had severe grades of reflux oesophagitis. NERD, however, still constituted the larger proportion of patients with GORD. Indian race was consistently a significant independent risk factor for reflux oesophagitis, NERD and for GORD overall. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Barrett Esophagus/pathology, China/ethnology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Educational Status, Esophagitis/ethnology/pathology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/ethnology/pathology, Gastroscopy, Helicobacter Infections/pathology, Helicobacter pylori, Hernia, Hiatal/pathology, Humans, India/ethnology, Logistic Models, Malaysia, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Smoking Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rosaida,M. S., Goh,K. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Determination of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and its hydrolysis and chlorohydroxy derivatives by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry	2004	Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Bromatology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Campus Sur University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 2-Apr Volume 1032 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 37 Other Pages 43 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 9318488; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Ethers); 0 (Phenols); MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A); ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0021-9673; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 15065774 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15065774 Abstract European Legislation establishes that the sum of the migration levels of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), its hydrolysis (BADGE.H2O and BADGE.2H2O) and chlorohydroxy (BADGE.HCl, BADGE.2HCl and BADGE.H2O.HCl) derivatives shall not exceed the limit of 1 mg/kg in foodstuffs or food simulants. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method combined with mass spectrometry detection using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) is developed for the separation, quantification and identification of the interesting compounds. Quantification of the analytes was carried out in the single ion recording mode, once their characteristic masses were selected from their full spectra, by using an external calibration. The optimised method was suitable for the migration evaluation of these compounds in different samples. Descriptors Benzhydryl Compounds, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods, Ethers, Hydrolysis, Mass Spectrometry/methods, Phenols/analysis/chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Sendon Garcia,R., Paseiro Losada,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prenatal and postnatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure and children's health	2004	Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA. difranzj@ummhc.org	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 113 Issue 4 Suppl Start Page 1007 Other Pages 1015 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0376422; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); RF: 173; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 15060193 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; AIM; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15060193 Abstract Children's exposure to tobacco constituents during fetal development and via environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is perhaps the most ubiquitous and hazardous of children's environmental exposures. A large literature links both prenatal maternal smoking and children's ETS exposure to decreased lung growth and increased rates of respiratory tract infections, otitis media, and childhood asthma, with the severity of these problems increasing with increased exposure. Sudden infant death syndrome, behavioral problems, neurocognitive decrements, and increased rates of adolescent smoking also are associated with such exposures. Studies of each of these problems suggest independent effects of both pre- and postnatal exposure for each, with the respiratory risk associated with parental smoking seeming to be greatest during fetal development and the first several years of life. Descriptors Animals, Asthma/etiology, Child, Child Behavior/drug effects, Embryonic and Fetal Development/drug effects, Female, Humans, Infant, Intelligence/drug effects, Otitis Media/etiology, Pregnancy, Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology, Smoking/adverse effects, Sudden Infant Death/etiology, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors DiFranza,J. R., Aligne,C. A., Weitzman,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Factors influencing the development of Barrett's epithelium in the esophageal remnant postesophagectomy	2004	University Department of Surgery, St James' Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The American Journal of Gastroenterology Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 99 Issue 2 Start Page 205 Other Pages 211 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 0421030; CIN: Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Feb;100(2):499. PMID: 15667516; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0002-9270; 0002-9270 Accession Number PMID: 15046206 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15046206 Abstract BACKGROUND: Barrett's esophagus results from chronic reflux of both acid and bile. Reflux of gastric and duodenal contents is facilitated through the denervated stomach following esophagectomy, but the development of Barrett's changes in this model and the relationship to gastric and esophageal physiology is poorly understood. AIMS: To document the development of new Barrett's changes, i.e., columnar metaplasia or specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM) above the anastomosis, and relate this to the recovery of gastric acid production, acid and bile reflux, manometry, and symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients at a median follow-up of 26 months (range = 12-67) postesophagectomy underwent endoscopy with biopsies taken 1-2 cm above the anastomosis. The indication for esophagectomy had been adenocarcinoma (n = 27), high-grade dysplasia (n = 2), and squamous cell cancer (n = 19). Physiology studies were performed in 27 patients and included manometry (n = 25), intraluminal gastric pH (n = 24), as well as simultaneous 24-hour esophageal pH (n = 27) and bile monitoring (n = 20). RESULTS: Duodenogastric reflux increased over time, with differences between patients greater than and less than 3 years postesophagectomy for acid (p = 0.04) and bile (p = 0.02). Twenty-four patients (50%) developed columnar metaplasia and of these 13 had SIM. The prevalence of columnar metaplasia did not relate to the magnitude of acid or bile reflux, to preoperative neoadjuvant therapies, or to the original tumor histology. The duration of reflux was most significant, with increasing prevalence over time, with SIM in 13 patients at a median of 61 months postesophagectomy compared with 20 months in the 35 patients who were SIM-negative (p < 0.006). Supine reflux correlated with symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The development of Barrett's epithelium is frequent after esophagectomy, is time-related, reflecting chronic acid and bile exposure, and is not specific for adenocarcinoma or the presence of previous Barrett's epithelium. This model may represent a useful in vivo model of the pathogenesis of Barrett's metaplasia and tumorigenesis. Descriptors Adenocarcinoma/surgery, Barrett Esophagus/etiology/pathology/physiopathology/surgery, Bile Reflux/etiology/pathology/physiopathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery, Cohort Studies, Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery, Esophagectomy/adverse effects, Esophagus/pathology/physiopathology/surgery, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology/pathology/physiopathology, Humans, Male, Models, Biological, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors O'Riordan,J. M., Tucker,O. N., Byrne,P. J., McDonald,G. S., Ravi,N., Keeling,P. W., Reynolds,J. V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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