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A cross-sectional study on levels of second-hand smoke in restaurants and bars in five cities in China 2010 Chinese National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. ruiling_liu@berkeley.edu
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Tobacco control
Periodical, Abbrev.
Tob.Control
Pub Date Free Form
Oct
Volume
19 Suppl 2
Issue
Start Page
i24
Other Pages
9
Notes
LR: 20141204; GR: P50 CA111236/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA125116/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC2976000; 2009/12/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1468-3318; 0964-4563
Accession Number
PMID: 20008154
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1136/tc.2009.029959 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
20008154
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess indoor second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure in restaurants and bars via PM(2.5) (fine particles 2.5 mum in diameter and smaller) level measurements in five cities in China. METHODS: The study was conducted from July to September in 2007 in Beijing, Xi'an, Wuhan, Kunming and Guiyang. Portable aerosol monitors were used to measure PM(2.5) concentrations in 404 restaurants and bars. The occupant density and the active smoker density were calculated for each venue sampled. RESULTS: Among the 404 surveyed venues, 23 had complete smoking bans, 9 had partial smoking bans and 313 (77.5%) were observed to have allowed smoking during sampling. The geometric mean of indoor PM(2.5) levels in venues with smoking observed was 208 mug/m(3) and 99 mug/m(3) in venues without observed smoking. When outdoor PM(2.5) levels were adjusted, indoor PM(2.5) levels in venues with smoking observed were consistently significantly higher than in venues without smoking observed (F=80.49, p<0.001). Indoor PM(2.5) levels were positively correlated with outdoor PM(2.5) levels (partial rho=0.37 p<0.001) and active smoker density (partial rho=0.34, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with findings in other countries, PM(2.5) levels in smoking places are significantly higher than those in smoke-free places and are strongly related to the number and density of active smokers. These findings document the high levels of SHS in hospitality venues in China and point to the urgent need for comprehensive smoke-free laws in China to protect the public from SHS hazards, as called for in Article 8 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which was ratified by China in 2005.
Descriptors
Air Pollution, Indoor/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Data Collection, Environmental Exposure/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data, Environmental Monitoring/methods, Humans, Public Health, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence/statistics & numerical data
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Liu,R. L., Yang,Y., Travers,M. J., Fong,G. T., O'Connor,R. J., Hyland,A., Li,L., Nan,Y., Feng,G. Z., Li,Q., Jiang,Y.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20091211
PMCID
PMC2976000
Editors
Study on the level of tobacco-generated smoke in several restautants and bars in Beijing, China 2007 Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
Periodical, Abbrev.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi
Pub Date Free Form
Aug
Volume
28
Issue
8
Start Page
738
Other Pages
741
Notes
JID: 8208604; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish
Place of Publication
China
ISSN/ISBN
0254-6450; 0254-6450
Accession Number
PMID: 18080555
Language
chi
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18080555
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current smoking regulations and their impacts on the environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) levels inside restaurants and bars in Beijing. METHODS: Telephone survey was used to investigate the smoking regulations. TSI Sidepak AM510 was used to measure the level of fine particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) in restaurants and bars. Analysis of variance and non-parametric rank tests were used to examine the association between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 levels and (1) smoking regulations; and (2) types of restaurants and bars. RESULTS: Of the 305 restaurants and bars surveyed, 27.9% had complete or partial smoking prohibiting rules. The average indoor PM2.5, level of the 92 restaurants and bars was 253.08 microg/m3 , 102.37% higher than the outdoor level. The average indoor and outdoor PM2.5 levels in the restaurants and bars with smoking ban regulations were 93.10 microg/m3 and 110.33 microg/m3 whole 289.34 microg/m3 and 128.40 microg/m3 in those without, respectively. The average indoor and outdoor PM2.5 levels of bars were 413.46 microg/m3 and 190.62 microg/m3, respectively, while in the western fast-food restaurants, they were 83.86 microg/m3 and 104.77 microg/m3, respectively. The outdoor PM2.5 levels were higher than the indoor levels in different classes of restaurants and bars. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between PM2.5 levels and the number of smokers per cube meters (r = 0.47, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Smoking regulations could effectively reduce the ETS level in restaurants and bars.
Descriptors
Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, China, Environmental Monitoring, Particulate Matter/analysis, Restaurants, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Kang,J. M., Jiang,Y., Lin,X. G., Yang,Y., Nan,Y., Li,Z., Liu,R. L., Feng,G. Z., Wei,X. S., Travers,M. J., Li,Q., Hyland,A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Iron and copper release in drinking-water distribution systems 2007 Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Haidian, Beijing, China. byshi@rcees.ac.cn
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of environmental health
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Environ.Health
Pub Date Free Form
Sep
Volume
70
Issue
2
Start Page
29
Other Pages
36, 44, 46
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 0405525; 0 (Disinfectants); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 4R7X1O2820 (Chlorine); 789U1901C5 (Copper); E1UOL152H7 (Iron); ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
0022-0892; 0022-0892
Accession Number
PMID: 17886579
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17886579
Abstract
A large-scale pilot study was carried out to evaluate the impacts of changes in water source and treatment process on iron and copper release in water distribution systems. Finished surface waters, groundwaters, and desalinated waters were produced with seven different treatment systems and supplied to 18 pipe distribution systems (PDSs). The major water treatment processes included lime softening, ferric sulfate coagulation, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and integrated membrane systems. PDSs were constructed from PVC, lined cast iron, unlined cast iron, and galvanized pipes. Copper pipe loops were set up for corrosion monitoring. Results showed that surface water after ferric sulfate coagulation had low alkalinity and high sulfates, and consequently caused the highest iron release. Finished groundwater treated by conventional method produced the lowest iron release but the highest copper release. The iron release of desalinated water was relatively high because of the water's high chloride level and low alkalinity. Both iron and copper release behaviors were influenced by temperature.
Descriptors
Chlorine/chemistry, Copper/analysis/chemistry, Corrosion, Disinfectants/chemistry, Environmental Monitoring, Iron/analysis/chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/chemistry, Water Purification/methods, Water Supply/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Shi,B., Taylor,J. S.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Normal values and influencing factors of fractional exhaled nitric oxide for Chinese healthy adults 2012 China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
Periodical, Abbrev.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
Pub Date Free Form
24-Jul
Volume
92
Issue
28
Start Page
1971
Other Pages
1973
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 7511141; 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide); ppublish
Place of Publication
China
ISSN/ISBN
0376-2491; 0376-2491
Accession Number
PMID: 22944271
Language
chi
SubFile
English Abstract; Journal Article; IM
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
22944271
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the normal values of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) for Chinese adults. METHODS: A total of 200 non-smoking and healthy Chinese adults were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They received lung function and allergen skin prick tests at the Outpatient Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from February to August 2011. There were 100 males and 100 females. FENO test was performed according to the standard procedures of American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) recommendation. The FENO levels of healthy non-smokers were tested by the NIOXMINO analyzer. All variables, such as age, gender, height, weight, forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV(1))% predicted and FEV(1)/FVC, were included for multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: The FENO level of healthy non-smokers was (14.2 +/- 5.6)x10(-9) mol/L with the 95% normal range of (3.2 - 25.2)x10(-9) mol/L. The value of FENO was significantly higher in males than females ((15.6 +/- 5.5) vs (12.9 +/- 5.4)x10(-9) mol/L, t = 3.48, P = 0.001). The FENO level of the subjects aged 60 - 80 years was (15.7 +/- 5.4)x10(-9) mol/L and it was higher than those aged 18 - 60 years ((13.8 +/- 5.6)x10(-9) mol/L, t = 2.04, P = 0.040). Multiple regression analysis showed that gender was an independent influencing factor of FENO level. CONCLUSIONS: The FENO level of non-smoking and healthy Chinese adults is similar with that of the westerners. Gender is an independent influencing factor of FENO level.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Zhang,Y.M., Lin,J.T.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Differing psychosocial risk profiles of college freshmen waterpipe, cigar, and cigarette smokers 2008 Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Center for Outcomes Research, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. smithsimone@email.chop.edu
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Addictive Behaviors
Periodical, Abbrev.
Addict.Behav.
Pub Date Free Form
Dec
Volume
33
Issue
12
Start Page
1619
Other Pages
1624
Notes
JID: 7603486; 2008/03/04 [received]; 2008/07/09 [revised]; 2008/07/29 [accepted]; 2008/08/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
1873-6327; 0306-4603
Accession Number
PMID: 18783890
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.07.017 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
18783890
Abstract
Few studies have examined the psychosocial aspects of tobacco smoking in young adults, particularly among alternative forms such as waterpipe. To address this gap, we examined the association of psychosocial characteristics (i.e., sociodemographics, risk perception, social norms, and pluralistic ignorance) with waterpipe, cigar, and cigarette smoking in college freshmen. Data are from a cross-sectional internet survey conducted during spring semester 2004 at Johns Hopkins University, N=411. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the association between psychosocial risk factors and waterpipe, cigar, and cigarette smoking. Results reveal that (1) psychosocial risk profiles of smokers differed by type of smoker and by type of tobacco product smoked, and (2) freshmen perceived the waterpipe as the most attractive product, out of the three products evaluated, to use among their peers. This study provides some of the first data on the association of psychosocial characteristics and various forms of tobacco smoking in young adults. This area of research is of increasing importance as a surge of waterpipe use among college students is becoming evident and interventions to reduce and prevent use are critically needed.
Descriptors
Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Male, Peer Group, Regression Analysis, Smoking/prevention & control/psychology, Social Environment, Students/psychology, Tobacco, Smokeless/adverse effects, Universities, Young Adult
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Smith-Simone,S. Y., Curbow,B. A., Stillman,F. A.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20080803
PMCID
Editors
Salivary cotinine, doctor-diagnosed asthma and respiratory symptoms in primary schoolchildren 2008 Child and Reproductive Health Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK. delpishe@liv.ac.uk
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Maternal and child health journal
Periodical, Abbrev.
Matern.Child Health J.
Pub Date Free Form
Mar
Volume
12
Issue
2
Start Page
188
Other Pages
193
Notes
LR: 20151119; JID: 9715672; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); 2006/10/18 [received]; 2007/04/27 [accepted]; 2007/06/08 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1092-7875; 1092-7875
Accession Number
PMID: 17557199
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM
DOI
10.1007/s10995-007-0229-9 [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17557199
Abstract
Due to impaired airway function, children are at risk for adverse respiratory symptoms if exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). A community-based, cross-sectional study of 425 children (5-11 years) attending 15 primary schools in a low socio-economic area of Merseyside/UK was undertaken to investigate the association of adverse respiratory symptoms and ETS exposure using a parent-completed questionnaire and children's salivary cotinine measurements. Overall, 28.9% of children had doctor-diagnosed asthma (DDA) and 11.3% a history of hospital admission for respiratory illnesses. The symptom triad of cough, wheeze and breathlessness (C+W+B+) occurred in 12.6% of children. The geometric mean cotinine level was 0.37 ng/ml (95% CI, 0.33-0.42 ng/ml) and it was estimated that 45.6% of children were ETS exposed. A history of asthma in the family was reported for 9.2% of fathers and 7.2% of mothers. Salivary cotinine level was significantly increased in children with DDA compared to those without (P = 0.002). Cotinine-validated levels [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4-2.5), low socio-economic (disadvantaged) status (AOR, 1.4; 1.1-2.9), child's male gender (AOR, 1.6; 1.1-2.5) and maternal smoking (AOR, 2.2; 1.4-3.1) were significantly associated with DDA. The cotinine-validated level (AOR, 1.4; 1.1-2.9) as well as maternal smoking (AOR, 1.8; 1.1-2.5), were also independently associated with C+W+B+. The use of salivary cotinine as an indicator of ETS exposure could be used to inform parents of exposure risk to their asthmatic children and may help re-enforce deterrent efforts to reduce childhood parental smoking exposure.
Descriptors
Asthma/diagnosis/epidemiology/etiology/metabolism, Child, Child, Preschool, Cotinine/analysis, Cough/etiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dyspnea/etiology, Female, Great Britain/epidemiology, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Poverty Areas, Respiratory Sounds/etiology, Saliva/chemistry, Schools, Smoking/adverse effects/epidemiology, Social Class, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Delpisheh,A., Kelly,Y., Rizwan,S., Brabin,B. J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20070608
PMCID
Editors
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its source in foods in Japanese markets 2007 Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8715, Japan. j.sjk@ma.pref.chiba.lg.jp
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Food additives and contaminants
Periodical, Abbrev.
Food Addit.Contam.
Pub Date Free Form
Jan
Volume
24
Issue
1
Start Page
103
Other Pages
112
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 8500474; 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds); 0 (Epoxy Compounds); 0 (Epoxy Resins); 0 (Estrogens, Non-Steroidal); 0 (Phenols); F3XRM1NX4H (2,2-bis(4-glycidyloxyphenyl)propane); MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A); ppublish
Place of Publication
England
ISSN/ISBN
0265-203X; 0265-203X
Accession Number
PMID: 17164221
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
L25M4282107X57G6 [pii]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
17164221
Abstract
The determination of bisphenol A (BPA) and/or bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in foods sold in Japanese markets and in water leached from six epoxy resin cans with similar diameters was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection (LC/ECD), LC-mass spectrometric detection (LC/MS) and LC-tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC/MS/MS). BPA concentrations were 0-842 ng g(-1) for 48 canned foods, 0-14 ng g(-1) for 23 foods in plastic containers, and 0-1 ng g(-1) for 16 foods in paper containers. No BADGE was detected in three canned foods. There was no difference in leaching concentrations of BPA into glycine buffers at pHs 8 and 11, and water. The amounts of BPA leached into water from six epoxy resin cans held at 121 degrees C for 20 min were almost the same as the cans' contents and were much higher than the amounts leached from cans held at or below 80 degrees C for 60 min. The amount leached depended on the type of can, but not on the amount of BADGE leached from the cans. Considerably more BPA than BADGE leached to water from six cans. Two cans whose contents had high concentrations of BPA showed no BADGE leaching even at 121 degrees C, suggesting the different kinds of epoxy resin can linings from others. The results imply that the main source of human exposure to BPA is food from cans with linings that contain high percentages of BPA as an additive or an unforeseen contaminant.
Descriptors
Benzhydryl Compounds, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods, Chromatography, Liquid/methods, Epoxy Compounds/analysis, Epoxy Resins/chemistry, Estrogens, Non-Steroidal/analysis, Food Analysis/methods, Food Contamination/analysis, Food Packaging, Food Preservation, Humans, Japan, Mass Spectrometry/methods, Phenols/analysis
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Sajiki,J., Miyamoto,F., Fukata,H., Mori,C., Yonekubo,J., Hayakawa,K.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Design and Synthesis of 3d-4f Metal-Based Zeolite-type Materials with a 3D Nanotubular Structure Encapsulated &quot;Water&quot; Pipe 2004 Cheng, P., Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Journal of the American Chemical Society
Periodical, Abbrev.
J.Am.Chem.Soc.
Pub Date Free Form
2004/03
Volume
126
Issue
10
Start Page
3012
Other Pages
3013
Notes
Place of Publication
ISSN/ISBN
0002-7863
Accession Number
Language
SubFile
DOI
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
Abstract
Descriptors
lanthanide, manganese, nanotube, water, zeolite, article, complex formation, crystal structure, encapsulation, material state, phase transition, porosity, process design, structure analysis, synthesis, three dimensional imaging
Links
Book Title
Database
Embase
Publisher
Data Source
Embase
Authors
Zhao,B., Cheng,P., Chen,X., Cheng,C., Shi,W., Liao,D., Yan,S., Jiang,Z.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
PMCID
Editors
Analysis and modeling of airborne BTEX concentrations from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill 2011 ChemRisk LLC, 4840 Pearl East Circle, Suite 300 West, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States. havens@chemrisk.com
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Environmental science & technology
Periodical, Abbrev.
Environ.Sci.Technol.
Pub Date Free Form
1-Sep
Volume
45
Issue
17
Start Page
7372
Other Pages
7379
Notes
LR: 20131121; JID: 0213155; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); 2011/08/11 [aheadofprint]; ppublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1520-5851; 0013-936X
Accession Number
PMID: 21797246
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article; IM
DOI
10.1021/es200963x [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
21797246
Abstract
Concerns have been raised about whether the Deepwater Horizon oil spill cleanup workers experienced adverse health effects from exposure to airborne benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) which volatilized from surfaced oil. Thus, we analyzed the nearly 20 000 BTEX measurements of breathing zone air samples of offshore cleanup workers taken during the six months following the incident (made publicly available by British Petroleum). The measurements indicate that 99% of the measurements taken prior to capping the well were 32-, 510-, 360-, and 77-fold lower than the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) for BTEX, respectively. BTEX measurements did not decrease appreciably during the three months after the well was capped. Moreover, the magnitudes of these data were similar to measurements from ships not involved in oil slick remediation, suggesting that the BTEX measurements were primarily due to engine exhaust rather than the oil slick. To supplement the data analysis, two modeling approaches were employed to estimate airborne BTEX concentrations under a variety of conditions (e.g., oil slick thickness, wind velocity). The modeling results corroborated that BTEX concentrations from the oil were well below PELs and that the oil was not the primary contributor to the measured BTEX.
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Avens,H.J., Unice,K.M., Sahmel,J., Gross,S.A., Keenan,J.J., Paustenbach,D.J.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20110811
PMCID
Editors
(E)-2-{[4-(Di-methyl-amino)-benzyl-idene]amino}-5-nitro-phenol 2014 Chemistry Department, Morgan State University, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA.; Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA.; Department of Chemistry, Keene State College, Keene, NH 03
Source Type
Print(0)
Ref Type
Journal Article
Periodical, Full
Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online
Periodical, Abbrev.
Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online
Pub Date Free Form
26-Apr
Volume
70
Issue
Pt 5
Start Page
o598
Other Pages
9
Notes
LR: 20140528; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC4011306; 2014/05/01 [ecollection]; 2014/03/04 [received]; 2014/04/16 [accepted]; 2014/04/26 [epublish]; epublish
Place of Publication
United States
ISSN/ISBN
1600-5368; 1600-5368
Accession Number
PMID: 24860394
Language
eng
SubFile
Journal Article
DOI
10.1107/S160053681400871X [doi]
Output Language
Unknown(0)
PMID
24860394
Abstract
The title Schiff base compound, C15H15N3O3, crystallizes with two mol-ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. Each mol-ecule adopts an E conformation around the C= N imine bond. The two mol-ecules have minor differences in their conformations. In mol-ecule A, the dihedral angle between the nitro group and its benzene ring is 2.1 (2) degrees and that between the two benzene rings is 0.88 (7) degrees , while the corresponding angles for mol-ecule B are 5.7 (1) and 2.45 (6) degrees , respectively. In each mol-ecule, there is an intra-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bond. In the crystal, inversion-related mol-ecules are linked via O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds forming A-A and B-B dimers. These dimers are linked via C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds involving the nitro O atoms, forming A-A-A and B-B-B slabs that lie parallel to one another and to (010).
Descriptors
Links
Book Title
Database
Publisher
Data Source
Authors
Hijji,Y., Butcher,R.J., Jasinski,J.P.
Original/Translated Title
URL
Date of Electronic
20140426
PMCID
PMC4011306
Editors