WTS database | WHO FCTC

Title	Pub Year Sort descending	Author	SearchLink
Unconventional materials and substances used in water pipe (narghile) by smokers in central western region of Saudi Arabia	2014	College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Monawara, PO Box 344, Postal Code 30001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail. deoaah@yahoo.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Saudi medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Saudi Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 35 Issue 8 Start Page 890 Other Pages 893 Notes JID: 7909441; ppublish Place of Publication Saudi Arabia ISSN/ISBN 0379-5284; 0379-5284 Accession Number PMID: 25129195 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25129195 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To investigate the use of unconventional substances and materials in water pipe among cafe water pipe smokers. METHODS: This was a questionnaire-based survey among subjects attending coffee shops in the region of Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia between February and March 2013. RESULTS: We invited 110 subjects, only 90 consented to participate in the study. A percentage of 1.1% used fluids other than water in the water pipe tank, 18.9% added other soft drinks to the tank, and 7.8% added flowers, spices or drugs to the tobacco mix placed in the head of the water pipe. A proportion of participants used fruits to replace the water pipe head (12.2%), or to replace water pipe tank (4.4%). Higher number of children the smokers had and cafe smoking were all significantly associated with unconventional practices. CONCLUSION: A substantial percentage of sample of water pipe smokers in Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia use unusual materials and/or substances in the water pipe and this is probably encouraged by cafe smoking. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Baboor,A.S., Alnazzawi,A.A., Abu-Hammad,O.A., Dar-Odeh,N.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The growing epidemic of water pipe smoking: health effects and future needs	2014	Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut and Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.; Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medici	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Respiratory medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Respir.Med. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 108 Issue 9 Start Page 1241 Other Pages 1253 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 8908438; 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Hazardous Substances); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/03/06 [received]; 2014/07/01 [revised]; 2014/07/29 [accepted]; 2014/08/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1532-3064; 0954-6111 Accession Number PMID: 25130679 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; IM DOI 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.07.014 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25130679 Abstract Water pipe smoking (WPS), an old method of tobacco smoking, is re-gaining widespread popularity all over the world and among various populations. Smoking machine studies have shown that the water pipe (WP) mainstream smoke (MSS) contains a wide array of chemical substances, many of which are highly toxic and carcinogenic for humans. The concentrations of some substances exceed those present in MSS of cigarettes. Despite being of low grade, current evidence indicates that WPS is associated with different adverse health effects, not only on the respiratory system but also on the cardiovascular, hematological, and reproductive systems, including pregnancy outcomes. In addition, association between WPS and malignancies, such as lung, oral and nasopharyngeal cancer, has been suggested in different studies and systematic reviews. Despite its long standing history, WPS research still harbors a lot of deficiencies. The magnitude of toxicants and carcinogen exposures, effects on human health, as well as the addiction and dependence potentials associated with WPS need to be studied in well-designed prospective trials. Unfortunately, many of the tobacco control and clean indoor policies have exempted water pipes. World wide awareness among the public, smokers, and policymakers about the potential health effects of WPS is urgently required. Furthermore, stringent policies and laws that control and ban WPS in public places, similar to those applied on cigarettes smoking need to be implemented. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Bou Fakhreddine,H.M., Kanj,A.N., Kanj,N.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140807 PMCID Editors
Prevalence, patterns and correlates of cigarette smoking in male adolescents in northern Jordan, and the influence of waterpipe use and asthma diagnosis: a descriptive cross-sectional study	2014	Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, P.O. Box 3030, Jordan. nasheyab@just.edu.jo.; Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110 Jord	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental research and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form 1-Sep Volume 11 Issue 9 Start Page 9008 Other Pages 9023 Notes LR: 20151029; JID: 101238455; OID: NLM: PMC4199003; 2014/07/14 [received]; 2014/08/15 [revised]; 2014/08/26 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1660-4601; 1660-4601 Accession Number PMID: 25257355 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3390/ijerph110909008 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25257355 Abstract Our study investigates the prevalence, patterns and predictors of tobacco smoking among early adolescent males in Northern Jordan and whether asthma diagnosis affects smoking patterns. A descriptive cross sectional design was used. Males in grades 7 and 8 from four randomly selected high schools in the city of Irbid were enrolled. Data on waterpipe (WP) use and cigarette smoking patterns were obtained (n = 815) using a survey in Arabic language. The overall prevalence of ever having smoked a cigarette was 35.6%, with 86.2% of this group smoking currently. Almost half of the sample reported WP use. The most common age in which adolescents started to experiment with cigarettes was 11-12 years old (49.1%), although 10 years was also common (25.3%). Significant predictors of male cigarette smoking were WP use (OR = 4.15, 95% CI = 2.99-5.76), asthma diagnosis (OR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.46-3.78), grade 8 (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.10-2.11), and having a sibling who smokes (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.53-3.24). However, this cross-sectional study cannot establish causality, thus longitudinal studies are needed. Public health programs and school-based anti-tobacco smoking interventions that target children in early years at high schools are warranted to prevent the uptake of tobacco use among this vulnerable age group. High school students with asthma should be specifically targeted. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Sheyab,N., Alomari,M.A., Shah,S., Gallagher,P., Gallagher,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140901 PMCID PMC4199003 Editors
Etiology of drug abuse: a narrative analysis	2014	St. Vincent Hospital, St. Vincent Health, Melbourne, Australia.; Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of addiction Periodical, Abbrev. J.Addict. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2014 Issue Start Page 352835 Other Pages Notes LR: 20140925; JID: 101602563; OID: NLM: PMC4160618; 2014/05/05 [received]; 2014/08/18 [revised]; 2014/08/19 [accepted]; 2014/08/26 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication Egypt ISSN/ISBN 2090-7834; 2090-7850 Accession Number PMID: 25247105 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1155/2014/352835 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25247105 Abstract Introduction and Aim. Further gains in the prevention of drug abuse disorders require in-depth and holistic understanding of the risk factors of addiction from different perspectives. Lay persons and experts have different concepts of risk which could complement each other. The purpose of this study was to elaborate drug abuse risk factors through the story of individuals who had become drug dependent. Design and Methods. In this qualitative research, 33 individuals attending treatment centres for drug abuse were interviewed about the story of their addiction in Kerman, Iran. Interview questions were around the story of the participants. Results. All participants were male and in the age range of 18-40 years. Narrative analysis identified five themes as the main risk factors: family factors, peer pressure, the effect of gateway drugs (especially waterpipe), individual characteristics, and the community factors. More emphasis was placed upon the role of family factors, peer influence, and gateway effect. Discussion and Conclusion. This study elicited information from drug dependent subjects regarding the risk factors of drug abuse. According to drug dependent individuals' views, more attention should be devoted to family and peer influences by policy makers, in developing culture-based preventive strategies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jadidi,N., Nakhaee,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140826 PMCID PMC4160618 Editors
Release of drinking water contaminants and odor impacts caused by green building cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plumbing systems	2014	Department of Civil Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.; Department of Chemistry, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.; Department of Statistics and Mathematics, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.; Lyles School o	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form 15-Dec Volume 67 Issue Start Page 19 Other Pages 32 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 0105072; 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Organic Chemicals); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 7440-44-0 (Carbon); 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/04/21 [received]; 2014/08/26 [revised]; 2014/08/31 [accepted]; 2014/09/10 [ahe Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1879-2448; 0043-1354 Accession Number PMID: 25259680 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; IM DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.051 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25259680 Abstract Green buildings are increasingly being plumbed with crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) potable water pipe. Tap water quality was investigated at a six month old plumbing system and chemical and odor quality impacts of six PEX pipe brands were examined. Eleven PEX related contaminants were found in the plumbing system; one regulated (toluene) and several unregulated: Antioxidant degradation products, resin solvents, initiator degradation products, or manufacturing aides. Water chemical and odor quality was monitored for new PEX-a, -b and -c pipes with (2 mg/L free chlorine) and without disinfectant over 30 days. Odor and total organic carbon (TOC) levels decreased for all pipes, but odor remained greater than the USA's Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) secondary maximum contaminant level. Odors were not attributed to known odorants ethyl-tert-butyl ether (ETBE) or methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Free chlorine caused odor levels for PEX-a1 pipe to increase from 26 to 75 threshold odor number (TON) on day 3 and affected the rate at which TOC changed for each brand over 30 days. As TOC decreased, the ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm increased. Pipes consumed as much as 0.5 mg/L as Cl2 during each 3 day stagnation period. Sixteen organic chemicals were identified, including toluene, pyridine, methylene trichloroacetate and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Some were also detected during the plumbing system field investigation. Six brands of PEX pipes sold in the USA and a PEX-a green building plumbing system impacted chemical and drinking water odor quality. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Kelley,K.M., Stenson,A.C., Dey,R., Whelton,A.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140910 PMCID Editors
Energy efficient cooperation in underlay RFID cognitive networks for a water smart home	2014	Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha 23874, Qatar. adnan.nasir@qu.edu.qa.; Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha 23874, Qatar. syed.hussain@qatar.tamu.edu.; Schoo	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Periodical, Abbrev. Sensors (Basel) Pub Date Free Form 30-Sep Volume 14 Issue 10 Start Page 18353 Other Pages 18369 Notes JID: 101204366; 059QF0KO0R (Water); OID: NLM: PMC4239936; 2014/04/13 [received]; 2014/09/15 [revised]; 2014/09/23 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1424-8220; 1424-8220 Accession Number PMID: 25271565 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.3390/s141018353 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25271565 Abstract Shrinking water resources all over the world and increasing costs of water consumption have prompted water users and distribution companies to come up with water conserving strategies. We have proposed an energy-efficient smart water monitoring application in [1], using low power RFIDs. In the home environment, there exist many primary interferences within a room, such as cell-phones, Bluetooth devices, TV signals, cordless phones and WiFi devices. In order to reduce the interference from our proposed RFID network for these primary devices, we have proposed a cooperating underlay RFID cognitive network for our smart application on water. These underlay RFIDs should strictly adhere to the interference thresholds to work in parallel with the primary wireless devices [2]. This work is an extension of our previous ventures proposed in [2,3], and we enhanced the previous efforts by introducing a new system model and RFIDs. Our proposed scheme is mutually energy efficient and maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the RFID link, while keeping the interference levels for the primary network below a certain threshold. A closed form expression for the probability density function (pdf) of the SNR at the destination reader/writer and outage probability are derived. Analytical results are verified through simulations. It is also shown that in comparison to non-cognitive selective cooperation, this scheme performs better in the low SNR region for cognitive networks. Moreover, the hidden Markov model's (HMM) multi-level variant hierarchical hidden Markov model (HHMM) approach is used for pattern recognition and event detection for the data received for this system [4]. Using this model, a feedback and decision algorithm is also developed. This approach has been applied to simulated water pressure data from RFID motes, which were embedded in metallic water pipes. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Nasir,A., Hussain,S.I., Soong,B.H., Qaraqe,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140930 PMCID PMC4239936 Editors
Shisha..... modern society killer	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full JPMA.The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association Periodical, Abbrev. J.Pak.Med.Assoc. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 64 Issue 5 Start Page 604 Other Pages Notes JID: 7501162; ppublish Place of Publication Pakistan ISSN/ISBN 0030-9982; 0030-9982 Accession Number PMID: 25272559 Language eng SubFile Letter; IM DOI 6488 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25272559 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Khan,M.S., Shahid,N., Qurrat-ul-Ain Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smoke and mirrors: the perils of water-pipe smoking and implications for Western countries	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Chest Periodical, Abbrev. Chest Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 146 Issue 4 Start Page 875 Other Pages 876 Notes JID: 0231335; CON: Chest. 2014 Oct;146(4):924-31. PMID: 24557573; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1931-3543; 0012-3692 Accession Number PMID: 25287994 Language eng SubFile Comment; Editorial; AIM; IM DOI 10.1378/chest.14-0603 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25287994 Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Leung,J.M., Sin,D.D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of tobacco smoking among health-care physicians in Bahrain	2014	Department of Family and Community Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland- Medical University of Bahrain, P,O, Box 15503, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain. gjassim@rcsi-mub.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 8-Sep Volume 14 Issue Start Page 931 Other Pages 2458-14-931 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 100968562; 059QF0KO0R (Water); OID: NLM: PMC4165905; 2014/04/15 [received]; 2014/08/26 [accepted]; 2014/09/08 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 25200373 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-931 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25200373 Abstract BACKGROUND: There is a clear shift in smoking habits among the Middle Eastern population with a recent and alarming increase in the prevalence of waterpipe (shisha) smoking. This phenomenon has not yet been studied sufficiently across the physician population. Therefore, we set out to establish the smoking status of primary healthcare physicians in the kingdom of Bahrain. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 175 out of the total 320 primary care physicians. Descriptive analysis was performed on all data and associations between variables were tested using Fishers Exact t test with statistical significance set as P-value Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Borgan,S.M., Jassim,G., Marhoon,Z.A., Almuqamam,M.A., Ebrahim,M.A., Soliman,P.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140908 PMCID PMC4165905 Editors
Use of a fiber optic camera to perform a trauma assessment during a confined space rescue	2014	Fellow, Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Newark, New Jersey.; Resident, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey.; Program Director-EMS & Disaster	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American journal of disaster medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Disaster Med. Pub Date Free Form Spring Volume 9 Issue 2 Start Page 151 Other Pages 156 Notes JID: 101291100; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1932-149X; 1932-149X Accession Number PMID: 25068944 Language eng SubFile Case Reports; Journal Article; IM DOI 10.5055/ajdm.2014.0151 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25068944 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Accurate medical evaluation of victims injured during confined space rescues poses significant operational, medical, and logistical challenges for medical providers of all disciplines and experience levels. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) teaches rescuers to begin their assessment as soon as verbal contact is obtained with the victim. While a significant amount of information can be obtained by talking to the victim, an accurate assessment of the victim's condition is often limited or impossible. Many professional rescue agencies currently use cameras to locate a victim's position or visualize obstacles that prevent the successful extraction of casualties. However, there is no published literature describing the use of a camera to complete a medical evaluation. RESULTS: The authors describe their use of a fiber optic camera to complete a limited but accurate primary and secondary trauma evaluation of a patient trapped inside an 18 in water pipe for a prolonged period of time. The providers' assessment provided critical information to the rescue team and assisted in the planning and eventual extrication of the patient from the confined space. Moreover, there was very little variation between the findings obtained during the assessment at the scene and the assessment in the receiving facility's trauma bay. CONCLUSION: When evaluating a trauma patient, there is no substitution for visual inspection and physical diagnosis. The use of a fiber optic camera can assist rescuers and medical providers in obtaining the information they desire, and enable the completion of an accurate patient assessment. The camera may also provide psychological reassurance and ease anxiety, as well as generate prehospital images that can be transmitted to the receiving facility for use in preparation of the casualty. Emergency medical service providers, urban search & rescue teams, fire departments, and other professional rescuers should be trained on the use and limitations of fiber optic cameras during confined space rescues. Furthermore, regulatory agencies such as FEMA should consider integrating the use of fiber optic camera and audiovisual devices into the current training courses offered to professional rescuers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kotora,J.G., Westrol,M.S., Merlin,M.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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