WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort ascending
A deep stop during decompression from 82 fsw (25 m) significantly reduces bubbles and fast tissue gas tensions	2004	DAN Europe Foundation, Research Division.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc Periodical, Abbrev. Undersea Hyperb.Med. Pub Date Free Form Summer Volume 31 Issue 2 Start Page 233 Other Pages 243 Notes LR: 20050627; JID: 9312954; CIN: Undersea Hyperb Med. 2005 Mar-Apr;32(2):85-8; author reply 89-92. PMID: 15926299; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1066-2936; 1066-2936 Accession Number PMID: 15485086 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15485086 Abstract In spite of many modifications to decompression algorithms, the incidence of decompression sickness (DCS) in scuba divers has changed very little. The success of stage, compared to linear ascents, is well described yet theoretical changes in decompression ratios have diminished the importance of fast tissue gas tensions as critical for bubble generation. The most serious signs and symptoms of DCS involve the spinal cord, with a tissue half time of only 12.5 minutes. It is proposed that present decompression schedules do not permit sufficient gas elimination from such fast tissues, resulting in bubble formation. Further, it is hypothesized that introduction of a deep stop will significantly reduce fast tissue bubble formation and neurological DCS risk. A total of 181 dives were made to 82 fsw (25 m) by 22 volunteers. Two dives of 25 min and 20 min were made, with a 3 hr 30 min surface interval and according to 8 different ascent protocols. Ascent rates of 10, 33 or 60 fsw/min (3, 10, 18 m/min) were combined with no stops or a shallow stop at 20 fsw (6 m) or a deep stop at 50 fsw (15 m) and a shallow at 20 fsw (6 m). The highest bubbles scores (8.78/9.97), using the Spencer Scale (SS) and Extended Spencer Scale (ESS) respectively, were with the slowest ascent rate. This also showed the highest 5 min and 10 min tissue loads of 48% and 75%. The lowest bubble scores (1.79/2.50) were with an ascent rate of 33 fsw (10 m/min) and stops for 5 min at 50 fsw (15 m) and 20 fsw (6 m). This also showed the lowest 5 and 10 min tissue loads at 25% and 52% respectively. Thus, introduction of a deep stop significantly reduced Doppler detected bubbles together with tissue gas tensions in the 5 and 10 min tissues, which has implications for reducing the incidence of neurological DCS in divers. Descriptors Atmospheric Pressure, Decompression/standards, Decompression Sickness/prevention & control/ultrasonography, Diving/adverse effects/standards, Humans, Reference Values, Regression Analysis, Time Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Marroni,A., Bennett,P. B., Cronje,F. J., Cali-Corleo,R., Germonpre,P., Pieri,M., Bonuccelli,C., Balestra,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Indoor and outdoor air concentrations of BTEX and NO2: correlation of repeated measurements	2004	GSF-National Research Center for Environment Health, Institute of Epidemiology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Monit. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 6 Issue 10 Start Page 807 Other Pages 812 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 100968688; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); S7G510RUBH (Nitrogen Dioxide); 2004/08/18 [aheadofprint]; 2004/10/13 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1464-0325; 1464-0325 Accession Number PMID: 15480494 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1039/b405537c [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15480494 Abstract Studies on health effects of air pollutants ideally define exposure through the collection of air samples in the participants' homes. Concentrations derived from these samples are then considered as an estimate for the average concentration of air pollutants in the homes. Conclusions drawn from such studies therefore depend very much on the validity of the measured air pollution concentrations. In this paper we analysed repeated BTEX and NO(2) measurements with a time period of several months lying between the two conducted home visits. We investigated the variability of their concentrations over time by determining correlation coefficients and calculating within- and between-home variances. Our population consisted of 631 homes of participants from two cohort studies within the framework of the German study on Indoor Factors and Genetics in Asthma. Air pollutants were measured using passive samplers both indoors and outdoors. The measured BTEX concentrations were poorly correlated, with Pearson's correlation coefficient r ranging from -0.19 to 0.27. Additionally, a considerable seasonal effect could be observed. A higher correlation was found for the NO(2) concentrations with r ranging between 0.24 and 0.55. For the BTEX, the between-home variance was bigger than the within-home variance, for NO(2) both variances were of about the same order. Our results indicate that in a setting of moderate climate like in Germany, the variability of BTEX and NO(2) concentrations over time is high and a single measurement is a poor surrogate for the long-term concentrations of these air pollutants. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Air Pollutants/analysis, Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Child, Environmental Monitoring/methods/statistics & numerical data, Germany, Housing, Humans, Inhalation Exposure, Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis, Time Factors, Toluene/analysis, Xylenes/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Topp,R., Cyrys,J., Gebefugi,I., Schnelle-Kreis,J., Richter,K., Wichmann,H. E., Heinrich,J., INGA Study Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20040818 PMCID Editors
Self-reported prevalence and risk factors of asthma among Korean adolescents: 5-year follow-up study, 1995-2000	2004	Department of Pediatrics, Ulsan University, Seoul, Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Periodical, Abbrev. Clin.Exp.Allergy Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 34 Issue 10 Start Page 1556 Other Pages 1562 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8906443; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0954-7894; 0954-7894 Accession Number PMID: 15479270 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI CEA2084 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15479270 Abstract OBJECTIVES: The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaires have shown that the prevalence of childhood asthma is increasing worldwide. Although Asian countries used to have lower prevalence rates of allergic disease than Western countries, this prevalence is increasing in several Asian countries. To determine whether the prevalence of childhood asthma is changing in Korean adolescents, we compared findings from nationwide cross-sectional surveys in 1995 and 2000 on populations of middle-school children using the Korean version of the ISAAC questionnaire. METHODS: We developed Korean versions of the ISAAC written (WQ) and video (AVQ) questionnaires for allergic diseases. In 1995, the enrolled population consisted of 15,481 children, ages 12-15, and encompassing all three grades in middle school, selected from 34 schools across the nation; the response rate was 97.3%. In 2000, 15,894 children were selected from 31 of the same schools, and the response rate was 96.4%. The SAS system version 8.0 was utilized for all statistical analyses. RESULTS: The WQ showed that the lifetime and 12-month prevalence of wheeze did not change from 1995 to 2000. While the 12-month prevalence rates of sleep disturbed by wheezing and night cough increased, the rates of severe attack of wheezing and exercise-induced wheeze did not change, over this period of time. The lifetime prevalence of asthma diagnosis, however, increased significantly, from 2.7% in 1995 to 5.3% in 2000, as did the 12-month prevalence of asthma treatment, from 1.0% in 1995 to 1.9% in 2000. The AVQ also showed increases in the lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of wheeze at rest, exercise-induced wheeze, nocturnal wheeze, nocturnal cough, and severe wheeze over this period of time. These were especially because of significant increases in the Provincial cities of Korea. Interestingly, the 12-month prevalence of wheeze was consistently high in Cheju with low air pollution indices, whereas this rate was low in Ulsan and Ansan with very high air pollution indices. Risk factor analysis showed that body mass index (BMI), passive smoking, and living with a dog or cat, but not air pollution, were associated with higher risk of wheeze. CONCLUSIONS: In the 5-year period from 1995 to 2000, the prevalence of asthma symptoms has increased in Korean adolescents, much of it because of increases in Provincial Centers. BMI, passive smoking, and living with a dog or cat are important risk factors. Environmental factors other than air pollution may be associated with increases in asthma, especially in Provincial Centers. Descriptors Adolescent, Age Distribution, Asthma/epidemiology/physiopathology, Body Mass Index, Body Weight/physiology, Child, Exercise/physiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Korea/epidemiology, Male, Prevalence, Respiratory Sounds/etiology, Risk Factors, Sex Distribution, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hong,S. J., Lee,M. S., Sohn,M. H., Shim,J. Y., Han,Y. S., Park,K. S., Ahn,Y. M., Son,B. K., Lee,H. B., Korean ISAAC Study Group Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Adolescents' beliefs about the risks involved in smoking "light" cigarettes	2004	Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94118, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pediatrics Periodical, Abbrev. Pediatrics Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 114 Issue 4 Start Page e445 Other Pages 51 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0376422; 0 (Tars); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1098-4275; 0031-4005 Accession Number PMID: 15466070 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; AIM; IM DOI 114/4/e445 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15466070 Abstract BACKGROUND: Light cigarettes have been marketed by the tobacco industry as being a healthier smoking choice, a safe alternative to cessation, and a first step toward quitting smoking altogether. Research, however, has failed to show a reduction in smoking-related health risks, an increase in rates of smoking cessation, a decrease in the amount of carbon monoxide or tar released, or a reduction in the rates of cardiovascular disease or lung cancer associated with light cigarette use, compared with regular cigarette use. Nevertheless, more than one-half of adolescent smokers in the United States smoke light cigarettes. This study is the first to investigate adolescents' perception of the risks associated with smoking light cigarettes, as well as adolescents' attitudes and knowledge about the delivery of tar and nicotine, health risks, social effects, addiction potential, and ease of cessation with light cigarettes, compared with regular cigarettes. DESIGN: Participants were 267 adolescents (mean age: 14.0 years) who completed a self-administered questionnaire during class time. After reading scenarios in which they imagined that they smoked regular or light cigarettes, participants estimated the chances that they would personally experience 7 smoking-related health risks and 3 addiction risks. Participants also responded to 14 items concerning their attitudes and knowledge about light cigarettes versus regular cigarettes. RESULTS: Participants thought that they would be significantly less likely to get lung cancer, have a heart attack, die from a smoking-related disease, get a bad cough, have trouble breathing, and get wrinkles when smoking light cigarettes, compared with regular cigarettes, for the rest of their lives. Furthermore, when participants were asked how long it would take to become addicted to the 2 cigarette types, they thought it would take significantly longer to become addicted to light versus regular cigarettes. Adolescents also thought that their chances of being able to quit smoking were higher with light versus regular cigarettes. Similarly, when participants were asked how easy it would be to quit smoking the 2 cigarette types, they thought it would be significantly easier for them to quit smoking light cigarettes than regular cigarettes. Adolescents agreed or strongly agreed that regular cigarettes deliver more tar than light cigarettes and that light cigarettes deliver less nicotine than regular cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results of this study show that adolescents hold misperceptions in both their personal risk estimates and their general attitudes about the health risks, addictive properties, and ease of cessation associated with light cigarettes. With a variety of light and ultralight cigarettes on the market, adolescents are led to think that there is a progression of safety levels to choose from when deciding which cigarettes to smoke. This illusion of control over health outcomes contributes to an underestimation of risks associated with smoking light cigarettes and supports these misperceptions. These results are of concern, given evidence suggesting that, if adolescents think they are less vulnerable to smoking-related health risks (ie, lung cancer), then they are more likely to initiate smoking. Furthermore, there is evidence that adolescents are not fully aware of the addictive nature of cigarettes and therefore think that they can experiment with smoking during adolescence without becoming addicted or experiencing any health consequences. The data presented here support concerns regarding smoking addiction; adolescents might be even more inclined to smoke light cigarettes to delay addiction. Without correct information about light cigarettes, adolescents are unable to make informed decisions about their smoking behaviors. The findings presented here strongly suggest that health care practitioners need to talk to their adolescent clients not only about the overall risks of smok Descriptors Adolescent, Attitude to Health, Humans, Nicotine, Psychology, Adolescent, Risk, Smoking/adverse effects/psychology, Smoking Cessation/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tars Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kropp,R. Y., Halpern-Felsher,B. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Ethnic differences in reported smoking behaviors in face-to-face and telephone interviews	2004	Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Israel. ornaepel@research.haifa.ac.il	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European journal of epidemiology Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.J.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form Volume 19 Issue 7 Start Page 679 Other Pages 686 Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 8508062; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 0393-2990; 0393-2990 Accession Number PMID: 15461199 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15461199 Abstract Different modes of gathering data on self-reported health measures and self-reported risk factors are used frequently in research. However, data on the influence of the mode of collection of data on self-reporting are limited. The aim of the study was to identify associations between the mode of data collection and self-reported smoking in two distinct ethnic groups, Jews and Arabs in Israel. During the last 2 years, data were collected in two national surveys regarding the smoking behaviors of Jews and Arabs in Israel. In the telephone surveys 4713 Israeli residents were interviewed and in the face-to-face interviewees 3239 people were interviewed. The interviewees were between the ages 25 and 64. There was no significant difference in smoking rates between face-to-face interviews and telephone interviews among Jewish men or women after adjusting for other variables associated with smoking. However, there was a difference between the two methods of data collection in the Arab population also after the adjustment. In this group, respondents tended to report more often being a smoker in the face-to-face interviews. This was especially apparent in Arab women. There was no significant difference in the reported number of cigarettes smoked in the two modes of data collection. In Arabs compared to Jews there is a significant difference between reporting smoking during a telephone interview and a face-to-face interview. The mode of data collection can affect comparisons between different groups. Descriptors Adult, Arabs, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Israel, Jews, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking/ethnology, Tobacco Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Baron-Epel,O., Haviv-Messika,A., Green,M. S., Kalutzki,D. N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Review article: management of oesophageal adenocarcinoma -- control of acid, bile and inflammation in intervention strategies for Barrett's oesophagus	2004	Digestion Diseases Centre, Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK. j.jankowski@le.ac.uk	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Periodical, Abbrev. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 20 Suppl 5 Issue Start Page 71 Other Pages 80; discussion 95-6 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 8707234; 0 (Gastrointestinal Agents); RF: 82; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0269-2813; 0269-2813 Accession Number PMID: 15456468 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02143.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15456468 Abstract Oesophagitis is associated with Barrett's metaplasia in about 10% of individuals. The UK has one of the highest world-wide prevalences of Barrett's metaplasia, with 1% of adults having the condition, resulting in an incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma two to three times that seen in either Europe or North America. In addition, the conversion rate to cancer in individuals with Barrett's metaplasia in UK surveillance programmes is twice that observed in the USA (0.96% per year vs. 0.4% per year), lending further support to the notion that the UK is a high-risk region. The evidence base on what can be achieved with medical therapy to reduce the risk of dysplasia or the development of adenocarcinoma needs to be strengthened with data from randomized controlled trials, as existing data have many limitations. Patients with Barrett's metaplasia respond variably to proton pump inhibitor therapy (even high-dose therapy 'normalizes' acid reflux in only 85% of cases), and symptom control is a poor determinant of the adequacy of suppression of acid reflux. Gastro-oesophageal reflux is implicated in the pathogenesis of Barrett's metaplasia, and ex vivo and in vitro evidence suggests that its attenuation reverses proliferation and biological variables over days, and perhaps the metaplastic histology to a degree over years. The effect of proton pump inhibitor therapy on cancer risk in the long term is essentially unknown. Acid suppressant therapy or anti-reflux surgery on its own does not result in the complete regression of the metaplastic epithelium. Bile acids, present especially frequently in the refluxate of Barrett's oesophagus patients, are also likely to influence the development and persistence of metaplasia. Barrett's metaplasia is replaced by a squamous epithelium when acid reflux is well controlled and the epithelium is physically destroyed by ablation with argon plasma coagulation or photodynamic therapy. These modalities are invasive and are not likely to be useful in the routine management of patients with Barrett's oesophagus without dysplasia or cancer. Why metaplasia does not fully regress once external initiating stimuli are removed is a mystery. There is some evidence to implicate a variety of molecules, including cyclo-oxygenase-2, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, beta-catenin nuclear translocation and mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling, because they are expressed preferentially in metaplastic rather than normal or inflamed squamous oesophageal mucosa. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, is associated with a decreased incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. There is therefore a great need for randomized controlled trials to assess the outcomes of such chemopreventive therapy in patients with Barrett's metaplasia. Descriptors Barrett Esophagus/prevention & control, Bile/secretion, Chemoprevention/methods, Drug Costs, Esophageal Neoplasms/prevention & control, Esophagitis/prevention & control, Gastroesophageal Reflux/prevention & control, Gastrointestinal Agents/therapeutic use, Humans, Risk Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jankowski,J. A., Anderson,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Factors associated with age of smoking initiation in adult populations from different ethnic backgrounds	2004	The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Studies, University of Haifa, Israel. ornaepel@research.haifa.ac.il	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full European journal of public health Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.J.Public Health Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 14 Issue 3 Start Page 301 Other Pages 305 Notes LR: 20071115; JID: 9204966; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1101-1262; 1101-1262 Accession Number PMID: 15369038 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15369038 Abstract BACKGROUND: The age at which the individual begins smoking may influence the health of smokers at an older age. Cultural and social factors effect the age of smoking initiation. METHODS: A cross-sectional national survey of a random sample of 6,021 Israeli residents over the age of 21 were interviewed by telephone. The sample consisted of 4248 Jews, 858 Arabs and 915 immigrants, 856 of them were from the former Soviet Union. RESULTS: Compared to the Jewish population the Jews who immigrated from the former Soviet Union began smoking at an earlier age and the Arabs started smoking at an older age. The young respondents in all ethnic groups reported starting to smoke at a younger age compared to the older respondents, and there was a decrease in smoking initiation at an older age. Father smoking during childhood predicted earlier age of smoking initiation but not mother or sibling smoking, significantly among Jews and immigrants and non-significantly among Arabs. CONCLUSIONS: Age of smoking initiation is dependent on the ethnic background in which the smokers grow up, however, the influence of the father smoking seems to be similar in all population groups. It seems that a higher percentage of young adults started smoking at an early age and there is a decrease in smoking initiation at older ages in all ethnic groups. Descriptors Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Arabs, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emigration and Immigration, Ethnic Groups, Fathers, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Israel/epidemiology, Jews, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Mothers, Odds Ratio, Sex Factors, Siblings, Smoking/epidemiology, USSR/ethnology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Baron-Epel,O., Haviv-Messika,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The Munich Barrett follow up study: suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus based on either endoscopy or histology only--what is the clinical significance?	2004	Central Interdisciplinary, Endoscopy Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow, Charite University Hospitals, Berlin, Germany. Thomas.Roesch@charite.de	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Gut Periodical, Abbrev. Gut Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 53 Issue 10 Start Page 1402 Other Pages 1407 Notes LR: 20140608; JID: 2985108R; OID: NLM: PMC1774245; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0017-5749; 0017-5749 Accession Number PMID: 15361485 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; AIM; IM DOI 10.1136/gut.2003.036822 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15361485 Abstract BACKGROUND: The incidence of distal oesophageal adenocarcinoma is rising, with chronic reflux and Barrett's oesophagus being considered risk factors. Reliable detection of Barrett's oesophagus during upper endoscopy is therefore mandatory but requires both endoscopy and histology for confirmation. Appropriate management of patients with endoscopic suspicion but negative on histology, or vice versa, or of patients with no endoscopic suspicion but with a biopsy diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia at the gastro-oesophageal junction, has not yet been studied prospectively. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective multicentre study, 929 patients (51% male, mean age 50 years) referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included; 59% had reflux symptoms. The endoscopic aspect of the Z line and any suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus were noted, and biopsies were taken in all patients from the Z line (n = 4), gastric cardia (n = 2), and body and antrum (n = 2 each). Biopsies positive for specialised intestinal metaplasia (SIM) were reviewed by a reference pathologist for a final Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis. All patients with endoscopic and/or histological suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus were invited for a follow up endoscopy; the remaining cases (no endoscopic or histological suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus) were followed clinically. RESULTS: Of 235 patients positive for Barrett's oesophagus on endoscopy and/or histology, 63% agreed to undergo repeat endoscopy (mean follow up period 30.5 months). 46% of patients with an endoscopic Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis but no histological confirmation (group A) showed the same distribution, a further 42% did not have Barrett's oesophagus, and 11% had confirmed Barrett's oesophagus on both endoscopy and biopsy on follow up. In the group with a histological Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis but negative on initial endoscopy (group B), follow up showed the same in 26% whereas 46% had no Barrett's oesophagus, and confirmed Barrett's oesophagus (endoscopy plus histology) was diagnosed in 17%. Of the study population, 16 patients had Barrett's oesophagus on initial endoscopy confirmed by histology which remained constant in 70% at follow up (group C). Of the remaining patients without an initial Barrett's oesophagus diagnosis on either endoscopy or histology (group D) and only clinical follow up (mean follow up period 38 months), one confirmed Barrett's oesophagus case was found among 100 patients re-endoscoped outside of the study protocol. However, no single case of dysplasia or cancer of the distal oesophagus was detected in any patient during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Even in a specialised gastroenterology setting, reproducibility of presumptive endoscopic or histological diagnoses of Barrett's oesophagus at follow up were poor. Only 10-20% of cases with either endoscopic or histological suspicion of Barrett's oesophagus had established Barrett's oesophagus after 2.5 years of follow up. The risk of dysplasia in this population was very low and hence meticulous follow up may not be required. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis/pathology, Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology, Esophagoscopy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Selection, Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis/pathology, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Reproducibility of Results Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Meining,A., Ott,R., Becker,I., Hahn,S., Muhlen,J., Werner,M., Hofler,H., Classen,M., Heldwein,W., Rosch,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC1774245 Editors
Biofilm production and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida species	2004	Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Mikrobiyoloji ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Izmir.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Mikrobiyoloji bulteni Periodical, Abbrev. Mikrobiyol.Bul. Pub Date Free Form Jan-Apr Volume 38 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 91 Other Pages 98 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 7503830; 0 (Antifungal Agents); 0 (Virulence Factors); 7XU7A7DROE (Amphotericin B); 8VZV102JFY (Fluconazole); ppublish Place of Publication Turkey ISSN/ISBN 0374-9096; 0374-9096 Accession Number PMID: 15293907 Language tur SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15293907 Abstract In this study, biofilm production and antifungal susceptibility of various Candida species were examined and compared. A total number of 156 Candida species (94 C. albicans, 21 C. tropicalis, 18 C. glabrata, 12 C. parapsilosis, 9 C. krusei, 1 C. guilliermondii and 1 C. kefyr) isolated from different clinical specimens were included in the study. The biofilm production of the strains was searched by modified tube adherence and microplate methods. Their antifungal susceptibilities against fluconazole and amphotericin B were determined by microdilution method, according to NCCLS M27-A2 standards. Forty three (27.6%) and 26 (16.7%) of the strains were found to be slime producing by tube adherence and microplate methods, respectively. The agreement between the two methods were detected as 65 percent. The rate of biofilm formation by different species ranged between 17% and 55% by tube adherence test and 0 and 48% by microplate method. No significant difference was found between the biofilm production of C. albicans and non-albicans species by tube adherence test (p=0.29). However; a statistically important difference was found when microplate method was considered (p=0.04). MIC50 and MIC90 values for fluconazole ranged between 4-64 microg/ml and 32-->64 microg/ml for different Candida species while these values changed between 0.25-1 microg/ml and 0.5-2 microg/ml for amphotericin B, respectively. Forty-five (28.8%) and 23 (14.7%) of the isolates were found to be dose dependent susceptible and resistant to fluconazole, respectively. Eleven (6.7%) of the strains had MIC values >1 microg/ml for amphotericin B. When the relation between the biofilm production and the susceptibility categories of the strains for amphotericin B were searched, no statistical differences were found by any of the two methods (p=0.12 and p=0.50). A statistically important difference (p=0.03) was determined by tube adherence test and no important difference (p=0.11) was detected by microplate method when fluconazole susceptibility categories were considered. As a conclusion, it has been determined that biofilm production which is a potential virulence factor for Candida species seems to be in agreement with the antifungal susceptibility categories of the strains especially for amphotericin B when the planktonic cells were used for the susceptibility testing. Descriptors Amphotericin B/pharmacology, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology, Biofilms/growth & development, Candida/drug effects/pathogenicity, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Resistance, Fungal, Fluconazole/pharmacology, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Reproducibility of Results, Virulence Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Yucesoy,M., Karaman,M. Original/Translated Title Candida turlerinin biyofilm uretimi ve antifungal duyarlilik paternleri URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Specialized intestinal metaplasia of the distal esophagus in gastroesophageal reflux disease: prevalence and clinico-demographic features	2003	Hospital de Clinicas, Universidade Federal do Parana. lrcaum7@bol.com.br	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Arquivos de Gastroenterologia Periodical, Abbrev. Arq.Gastroenterol. Pub Date Free Form Oct-Dec Volume 40 Issue 4 Start Page 220 Other Pages 226 Notes LR: 20061115; JID: 15310600R; 2004/05/31 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Brazil ISSN/ISBN 0004-2803; 0004-2803 Accession Number PMID: 15264043 Language por SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI /S0004-28032003000400005 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15264043 Abstract BACKGROUND: Specialized intestinal metaplasia can be categorized according endoscopic and histological findings in long segment Barrett, short segment Barrett and specialized intestinal metaplasia of cardia. Barrett's esophagus is an acquired disease that is found in about 10%-13% of patients undergoing endoscopy for symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and it is well established as predisposing to esophageal adenocarcinoma. The columnar epithelium with goblet cells replaces the normal squamous epithelium. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and clinical-demographic characteristics of specialized intestinal metaplasia of distal esophagus in the gastroesophageal reflux disease. METHODS: From April to October 2002, 402 patients referred to upper endoscopy due gastroesophageal reflux disease were evaluated through of a symptom questionnaire about clinical and demographic features and submitted to upper endoscopy with four-quadrant biopsies 1 cm below escamocolumnar junction. RESULTS: Eighteen point four percent of patients had specialized intestinal metaplasia, 0.5% long segment Barrett esophagus, 3.2% short segment Barrett's esophagus and 14.7% specialized intestinal metaplasia of cardia. Patients with Barrett's esophagus showed a tendency to be male and specialized metaplasia of cardia to be female. All patients with Barrett's esophagus were white. There was not association between symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and specialized intestinal metaplasia, but patients with Barrett's esophagus showed a tendency to have symptoms over 5 years and had more hiatal hernia and esophagitis. The use of alcohol and tobacco was not related to the presence of specialized intestinal metaplasia. CONCLUSIONS: Barrett's esophagus was more related to the male gender, gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms for 5 years or longer, more intense esophagitis and hiatal hernia, but was not related to the use of tobacco and alcohol. Descriptors Adolescent, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Barrett Esophagus/epidemiology/pathology, Brazil/epidemiology, Cardia/pathology, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/physiopathology, Humans, Intestinal Diseases/epidemiology/pathology, Male, Metaplasia/epidemiology, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Stomach Diseases/epidemiology/pathology Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Caum,L. C., Bizinelli,S. L., Pisani,J. C., Amarantes,H. M., Ioshii,S. O., Carmes,E. R. Original/Translated Title Metaplasia intestinal especializada de esofago distal na doenca do refluxo gastroesofagico: prevalencia e aspectos clinico-epidemiologicos URL Date of Electronic 20040531 PMCID Editors

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