WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink Sort descending
Passive exposure to electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use increases desire for combustible and e-cigarettes in young adult smokers	2015	Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Uni	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 24 Issue 5 Start Page 501 Other Pages 504 Notes LR: 20160823; CI: Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.; GR: P30 CA014599/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P3 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 24848637 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051563 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24848637 Abstract BACKGROUND: Passive exposure to combustible cigarette use has been shown to act as a cue to increase smoking urge. Given the resemblance of e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) to combustible cigarettes, we examined whether these devices could also act as a cue to increase smoking desire and urges in those passively exposed. METHODS: Young adult daily smokers (age 18-35 years; N=60) completed subjective ratings before and after exposure to a study confederate drinking bottled water (control cue) and then smoking either a combustible or e-cigarette (active cue). Smoking desire and urge ratings were measured with visual analogue scale items for desire for a regular and an e-cigarette and the Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges. RESULTS: Passive exposure to both the e-cigarette and combustible cigarette cue significantly increased observers' ratings of desire and urge to smoke a regular cigarette (all ps Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors King,A.C., Smith,L.J., McNamara,P.J., Matthews,A.K., Fridberg,D.J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140521 PMCID PMC4992990 Editors
Perception and knowledge on health risks by waterpipe tobacco-smoking tourists in a night spot of Bangkok, Thailand	2013		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Assoc.Thai. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 96 Suppl 5 Issue Start Page S42 Other Pages 8 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7507216; 059QF0KO0R (Water); ppublish Place of Publication Thailand ISSN/ISBN 0125-2208; 0125-2208 Accession Number PMID: 24851572 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24851572 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To identify the perception level, and knowledge level of health risks due to waterpipe tobacco smoking, and knowledge about prohibition of waterpipe tobacco smoking, of foreign tourists in Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out among foreign tourists in nightspots on Khao San Road area of Bangkok. Structured interview questionnaire was the data collection instrument for 176 convenience-sampling. RESULTS: More than half (52.3%) of the foreign tourists had a poor level of perception about waterpipe smoking. Majority of foreign tourists (75.5%) had low level of knowledge on the health risks. More than 50% didn't know about the illegal status of waterpipe smoking in Thailand. Chi-square analysis showed that the region where tourists reside was statistically associated with the perception level regarding waterpipe smoking. Age of waterpipe smoking initiation was associated with the region and gender Age of tourists was associated with the knowledge on prohibition of waterpipe smoking. CONCLUSION: Raising awareness among foreign tourists through media advocacy about the rules and regulations regarding waterpipe smoking is necessary to support tobacco control policy. Strict enforcement of the existing law on prohibiting waterpipe smoking should be implemented, Authorities should inform owners/managers of waterpipe, tobacco-smoking prohibition, and require them to put up prohibition signs in their establishments, in both Thai and English languages. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Prutipinyo,C., Bhatt,N., Sirichotiratana,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Hookah smoking in high school students and its determinants in Iran: a longitudinal study	2015	Clinical Psychiatry Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran poorasl@Yahoo.com.; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Ir	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American journal of men's health Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Mens.Health. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 9 Issue 3 Start Page 186 Other Pages 192 Notes CI: (c) The Author(s) 2014; JID: 101287723; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/05/22 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1557-9891; 1557-9883 Accession Number PMID: 24855098 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1177/1557988314535236 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24855098 Abstract Hookah smoking has increased worldwide, especially among youth, and has been identified as an emerging threat to public health. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and transition rates in hookah smoking statuses and predictors of transitions among a representative sample of Iranian high school students. In this longitudinal study, a representative sample (n = 5197) of students in the northwest of Iran was assessed thrice with a 6-month interval in 2010 and 2011. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure hookah smoking, demographic characteristics, and personal and environmental factors. In total, the prevalence of hookah use (at least once a month) in this study was 6.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.1, 6.9). Results indicated that 44.9% (95% CI = 43.0, 46.7) of the students in the sample at least tried hookah smoking. During 1 year, 18.5% and 1.5% of students who have never used hookah before had transitioned to experimenter and regular hookah smoking, respectively, and notably, 7.8% of experimenters had transitioned to regular hookah smoking. Adjusted for other factors, being male, regular cigarette smoking, and positive attitude toward smoking were factors associated with students' transition to hookah smoking status. The incidence rate of hookah smoking in adolescents is notable. The findings identified the co-occurrence of risky behaviors that support programs aimed at reducing or preventing high-risk behaviors simultaneously. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fakhari,A., Mohammadpoorasl,A., Nedjat,S., Sharif Hosseini,M., Fotouhi,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140522 PMCID Editors
Development of an innovative and "green" stir bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine biota	2014	LEMAR - UMR 6539 - Technopole de Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzane, France. Electronic address: camlacroix@hotmail.fr.; CEDRE - 715, Rue Alain Colas/CS 41836, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France.; CEDRE - 715, Rue Alain Colas/CS 41836, 29218 Brest Cedex 2, France.; LE	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of chromatography.A Periodical, Abbrev. J.Chromatogr.A Pub Date Free Form 4-Jul Volume 1349 Issue Start Page 1 Other Pages 10 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 9318488; 0 (Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/02/13 [received]; 2014/04/28 [revised]; 2014/04/29 [accepted]; 2014/05/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1873-3778; 0021-9673 Accession Number PMID: 24857036 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.094 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24857036 Abstract There is a growing awareness of the need to reduce the negative impact of chemical analyses on the environment and to develop new eco-friendly and sustainable analytical methods without compromising performance. In this study, we developed a "green" analytical method enabling the accurate and simultaneous routine analysis of 21 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in reduced quantities (100mg and 1g wet weight (WW)) of marine biota samples (fish muscle, mussel and oyster tissues) using alkaline digestion combined with stir bar sorptive extraction-thermal desorption-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SBSE-GC-MS/MS). The innovative method provides good selectivity and specificity for most compounds. In 1gWW samples, limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 1 to 10mug/kgWW in fish muscle and from 0.5 to 10mug/kgWW in mussel tissue. The method enables most analytes to be quantified below the restrictive limits established by the European Commission (2 and 10mug/kgWW in fish muscle and bivalve mollusc, respectively). Higher LOQs were obtained in 100mgWW samples ranging from 1 to 50mug/kgWW. Recovery and linearity were assessed for all analytes. The results were satisfactory for most compounds with recoveries ranging from 94% to 117% in 1gWW mussel samples at spike concentration of 10ng/gWW with standard deviation not exceeding 12%. However, results confirmed that the SBSE efficiency is affected by the complexity of biological matrices, especially for high molecular weight compounds in lipid-rich mussel tissue. Because of the matrix effects, matrix-matched calibrations were carried out. Validation was performed using the standard reference material 1974c with recovery ranging from 71% to 119% except for naphthalene, anthracene and benzo(e)pyrene that were therefore not validated. Overall, the developed method meets analytical validation criteria for most compounds. Thanks to the combination of alkaline digestion and SBSE, which greatly simplifies sample treatment and limits solvent use to ethanol, the developed method followed most green analytical chemistry principles. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Lacroix,C., Le Cuff,N., Receveur,J., Moraga,D., Auffret,M., Guyomarch,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140504 PMCID Editors
(E)-2-{[4-(Di-methyl-amino)-benzyl-idene]amino}-5-nitro-phenol	2014	Chemistry Department, Morgan State University, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA.; Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA.; Department of Chemistry, Keene State College, Keene, NH 03	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 26-Apr Volume 70 Issue Pt 5 Start Page o598 Other Pages 9 Notes LR: 20140528; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC4011306; 2014/05/01 [ecollection]; 2014/03/04 [received]; 2014/04/16 [accepted]; 2014/04/26 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 24860394 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S160053681400871X [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24860394 Abstract The title Schiff base compound, C15H15N3O3, crystallizes with two mol-ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. Each mol-ecule adopts an E conformation around the C= N imine bond. The two mol-ecules have minor differences in their conformations. In mol-ecule A, the dihedral angle between the nitro group and its benzene ring is 2.1 (2) degrees and that between the two benzene rings is 0.88 (7) degrees , while the corresponding angles for mol-ecule B are 5.7 (1) and 2.45 (6) degrees , respectively. In each mol-ecule, there is an intra-molecular O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bond. In the crystal, inversion-related mol-ecules are linked via O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds forming A-A and B-B dimers. These dimers are linked via C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bonds involving the nitro O atoms, forming A-A-A and B-B-B slabs that lie parallel to one another and to (010). Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hijji,Y., Butcher,R.J., Jasinski,J.P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140426 PMCID PMC4011306 Editors
Involvement of luminal nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of the gastroesophageal reflux disease spectrum	2014	Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 29 Issue 5 Start Page 898 Other Pages 905 Notes CI: (c) 2014; JID: 8607909; 0 (Estrogens); 31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/01/29 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Australia ISSN/ISBN 1440-1746; 0815-9319 Accession Number PMID: 24863184 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1111/jgh.12548 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24863184 Abstract Over the last 3 decades, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has dramatically increased in Western countries; a similar increase may be observed in Asian countries in the near future. Esophageal adenocarcinoma arises from a sequential gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) spectrum from reflux erosive esophagitis, to Barrett's esophagus, and finally to esophageal adenocarcinoma. At present, gastric acid and bile are assumed to be primarily involved in the etiology of the GERD spectrum. We reported in 2002 that, at the gastroesophageal junction in humans, abundant amounts of nitric oxide (NO) are generated luminally through the entero-salivary re-circulation of dietary nitrate. Since then, we have carried out a series of experiments to demonstrate that NO diffuses into the adjacent epithelium at cytotoxic levels. This diffusion results in disruption of the epithelial barrier function, exacerbation of inflammation, acceleration of columnar transformation in the esophagus (Barrett's esophagus) via the induction of caudal-type homeobox 2, and the shifting of carcinogenic N-nitroso compound formation from the luminal to epithelial compartment. These results suggest that, in addition to conventionally recognized causative factors, luminal NO could also be involved in the pathogenesis of the GERD spectrum. In addition, we recently showed that there is a prominent gender-related difference in NO-related cytotoxicity in the esophagus and that estrogen attenuated the esophageal tissue damage via the estrogen receptor in female rats. The role of estrogen in attenuating the esophageal tissue damage in NO-related esophageal damage could explain the well-recognized male predominance in the GERD spectrum in humans. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd Data Source Authors Iijima,K., Shimosegawa,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The pollution levels of BTEX and carbonyls under haze and non-haze days in Beijing, China	2014	State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic a	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Science of the total environment Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form 15-Aug Volume 490 Issue Start Page 391 Other Pages 396 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2014; JID: 0330500; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); OTO: NOTNLM; 2013/10/24 [received]; 2014/04/27 [revised]; 2014/05/06 [accepted]; 2014/05 Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-1026; 0048-9697 Accession Number PMID: 24867703 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.025 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24867703 Abstract The North China Plain including Beijing is frequently suffering from serious haze days in recent years. To best recognize the influence of haze days on regional air quality, the pollution levels of deleterious gases of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene and o-xylene) and carbonyls (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone) under haze and non-haze days were contrastively investigated during the period of September 2008-August 2010 in Beijing. In comparison with non-haze days, remarkable enhancement of BTEX and the carbonyls under haze days in winter was found, with enhancement factors of 1.9-5.7 for BTEX and of 1.5-4.2 for the carbonyls. Whereas the enhancement factors for both BTEX (1.0-3.0) and the carbonyls (1.2-1.9) under haze days in summer were relatively small. The ratios of each BTEX to CO under both haze days and non-haze days exhibited a minimal value in the afternoon, whereas maximal values for the ratios of the carbonyls to CO were usually found in the afternoon. The ratios of each BTEX to CO were extremely greater under haze days than those under non-haze days in winter, but no evident difference was found in summer. The ratios of each carbonyl under both haze days and non-haze days in summer were at least a factor of 2 greater than those in winter and only enhancement of the ratios under haze days was found in winter. The remarkably higher ratios of ethylbenzene to m,p-xylene under haze days than non-haze days in both winter and summer revealed high reactivity of photochemical reactions initiated by OH radicals under haze days. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Zhang,Y., Mu,Y., Meng,F., Li,H., Wang,X., Zhang,W., Mellouki,A., Gao,J., Zhang,X., Wang,S., Chai,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140524 PMCID Editors
Diving medicine	2014	Cardiology Section, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Respir.Crit.Care Med. Pub Date Free Form 15-Jun Volume 189 Issue 12 Start Page 1479 Other Pages 1486 Notes JID: 9421642; N762921K75 (Nitrogen); S88TT14065 (Oxygen); OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1535-4970; 1073-449X Accession Number PMID: 24869752 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Review; AIM; IM DOI 10.1164/rccm.201309-1662CI [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24869752 Abstract Exposure to the undersea environment has unique effects on normal physiology and can result in unique disorders that require an understanding of the effects of pressure and inert gas supersaturation on organ function and knowledge of the appropriate therapies, which can include recompression in a hyperbaric chamber. The effects of Boyle's law result in changes in volume of gas-containing spaces when exposed to the increased pressure underwater. These effects can cause middle ear and sinus injury and lung barotrauma due to lung overexpansion during ascent from depth. Disorders related to diving have unique presentations, and an understanding of the high-pressure environment is needed to properly diagnose and manage these disorders. Breathing compressed air underwater results in increased dissolved inert gas in tissues and organs. On ascent after a diving exposure, the dissolved gas can achieve a supersaturated state and can form gas bubbles in blood and tissues, with resulting tissue and organ damage. Decompression sickness can involve the musculoskeletal system, skin, inner ear, brain, and spinal cord, with characteristic signs and symptoms. Usual therapy is recompression in a hyperbaric chamber following well-established protocols. Many recreational diving candidates seek medical clearance for diving, and healthcare providers must be knowledgeable of the environmental exposure and its effects on physiologic function to properly assess individuals for fitness to dive. This review provides a basis for understanding the diving environment and its accompanying disorders and provides a basis for assessment of fitness for diving. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Bove,A.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Cigarette prices and smoking prevalence after a tobacco tax increase--Turkey, 2008 and 2012	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full MMWR.Morbidity and mortality weekly report Periodical, Abbrev. MMWR Morb.Mortal.Wkly.Rep. Pub Date Free Form 30-May Volume 63 Issue 21 Start Page 457 Other Pages 461 Notes JID: 7802429; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1545-861X; 0149-2195 Accession Number PMID: 24871250 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI mm6321a2 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24871250 Abstract Raising the price of tobacco products has been shown to reduce tobacco consumption in the United States and other high-income countries, and evidence of this impact has been growing for low- and middle-income countries as well. Turkey is a middle-income country surveyed by the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) twice in a 4-year period, in 2008 and 2012. During this time, the country introduced a policy raising its Special Consumption Tax on Tobacco and implemented a comprehensive tobacco control program banning smoking in public places, banning advertising, and introducing graphic health warnings. The higher tobacco tax took effect in early 2010, allowing sufficient time for subsequent changes in prices and smoking to be observed by the time of the 2012 GATS. This report uses data from GATS Turkey to examine how cigarette prices changed after the 2010 tax increase, describe the temporally associated changes in smoking prevalence, and learn whether this smoking prevalence changed more in some demographic groups than others. From 2008 to 2012, the average price paid for cigarettes increased by 42.1%, cigarettes became less affordable, and smoking prevalence decreased by 14.6%. The largest reduction in smoking was observed among persons with lower socioeconomic status (SES), highlighting the potential role of tax policy in reducing health disparities across socioeconomic groups. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kostova,D., Andes,L., Erguder,T., Yurekli,A., Keskinkilic,B., Polat,S., Culha,G., Kilinc,E.A., Tasti,E., Ersahin,Y., Ozmen,M., San,R., Ozcebe,H., Bilir,N., Asma,S., Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Periodontal conditions of Colombian university students aged 16 to 35	2014	Departamento de Ciencias Basicas y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Bogota D.C., Colombia.; Departamento de Ciencias Basicas y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogot	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Brazilian oral research Periodical, Abbrev. Braz Oral Res. Pub Date Free Form Volume 28 Issue Start Page S1806 Other Pages 83242014000100223. Epub 2014 May 16 Notes LR: 20150720; JID: 101307187; 2013/08/31 [received]; 2014/01/13 [accepted]; 2014/05/16 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Brazil ISSN/ISBN 1807-3107; 1806-8324 Accession Number PMID: 24878670 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI S1806-83242014000100223 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24878670 Abstract Epidemiological data on the periodontal health and oral hygiene practices of young individuals in Latin America are limited. This study was conducted in a sample of 355 first-year students randomly selected from 3,251 new students entering the largest university in Colombia. Participants received a periodontal examination and were interviewed about oral hygiene practices. Specifically, this study assessed the relationship between oral hygiene practices (including smoking tobacco) and plaque accumulation and/or periodontal bleeding on probing (BOP). Participants had extensive plaque accumulation and BOP, with a mean O Leary plaque index of 56% and mean BOP of 37%. Both measures were higher for proximal surfaces. Plaque indices of at least 50% were not associated with any oral hygiene factors; however, plaque index and use of dental floss were associated with a BOP of at least 50%. Frequency of tooth brushing was higher in female than in male participants. Only 5% of participants reported smoking tobacco. On average, participants had 2.7+/-4.6 pockets of at least 4 mm (18% of participants had >/=5 and 9% of participants had >/=10 pockets of this depth, respectively). On average, participants had 2.1+/-4.4 sites with clinical attachment loss of at least 2 mm (15% and 6% of participants had >/=5 and >/=10 sites with this level of loss). Only 8% of participants were diagnosed with moderate periodontitis, and no participants were diagnosed with severe periodontitis. In conclusion, although participants had high levels of plaque and BOP, signs of advanced destructive periodontal disease were minimal. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Marulanda,A.M., Coral,D., Sabogal,D., Serrano,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140516 PMCID Editors

E-mail