WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in the adult Chinese population	2009	Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Endoscopy Periodical, Abbrev. Endoscopy Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 41 Issue 12 Start Page 1011 Other Pages 1017 Notes CI: Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart New York.; JID: 0215166; 2009/12/04 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1438-8812; 0013-726X Accession Number PMID: 19967617 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1055/s-0029-1215291 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19967617 Abstract BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in an adult Chinese population without gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between March 2006 and February 2007, consecutive individuals aged between 18 and 75 years, who underwent routine upper endoscopy as part of their regular medical examination were recruited. Demographic and medical information were collected. Erosive esophagitis was defined endoscopically as visible breaks of the distal esophageal mucosa. Barrett's esophagus was diagnosed endoscopically and confirmed histologically. "Silent GERD" was defined when erosive esophagitis and/or Barrett's esophagus were present in an individual without reflux symptoms. RESULTS: Among the 2580 individuals included, erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus were found in 4.3 % (n = 110) and 1.0 % (n = 27), respectively. In individuals with erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus, 33.6 % and 40.7 %, respectively, were asymptomatic. Thus, the prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus in individuals without GERS was 1.6 % and 0.5 %, respectively, giving an overall prevalence of silent GERD of 2.0 % (46 / 2270). Multivariate analysis identified that male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.87, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.24 - 6.66; P = 0.014), hiatus hernia (OR = 9.68, 95 %CI 5.00 - 17.95; P < 0.001), and alcohol consumption (OR = 3.17, 95 %CI 1.44 - 6.97; P = 0.004) were positively associated with erosive esophagitis, whereas Helicobacter Pylori infection (OR = 0.37, 95 %CI 0.14 - 0.98; P = 0.046) was negatively associated with erosive esophagitis. Alcohol consumption (OR = 5.32, 95 %CI 1.55 - 13.33; P = 0.008) was positively associated with Barrett's esophagus in asymptomatic individuals. CONCLUSION: In this cohort of the adult Chinese population without reflux symptoms, the prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus is 1.6 % and 0.5 %, respectively, with an overall prevalence of silent GERD of 2.0 %. Male sex, hiatus hernia, and alcohol consumption are positively associated with erosive esophagitis, whereas a negative association exists for H. pylori infection. Alcohol consumption is positively associated with Barrett's esophagus. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Barrett Esophagus/diagnosis/epidemiology, China/epidemiology, Esophagitis/diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology, Esophagoscopy, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux/diagnosis, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Peng,S., Cui,Y., Xiao,Y. L., Xiong,L. S., Hu,P. J., Li,C. J., Chen,M. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20091204 PMCID Editors
Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in food-producing animals	2012	Department of Microbiology, Shizuoka Institute of Environment and Hygiene, 4-27-2 Kitaando, Aoi, Shizuoka 420-8637, Japan. midori1_hiroi@pref.shizuoka.lg.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science Periodical, Abbrev. J.Vet.Med.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 74 Issue 2 Start Page 189 Other Pages 195 Notes JID: 9105360; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CTX-M-14); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2011/10/07 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 1347-7439; 0916-7250 Accession Number PMID: 21979457 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI JST.JSTAGE/jvms/11-0372 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21979457 Abstract To evaluate the diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) genes among food-producing animals, 48 isolates of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from rectal samples of broilers, layers, beef cattle and pigs, at the slaughterhouse level. ESBL-carrying E. coli were isolated from 60.0% of individual broiler rectal samples, 5.9% of layers, 12.5% of beef cattle and 3% of pigs. One ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from a broiler. The ESBL-positive E. coli isolates from broilers harbored various ESBL genes: bla (SHV-12), bla(CTX-M-2), bla(CTX-M-14), bla(CTX-M-15) and bla(CTX-M-44). The plasmid DNAs were analyzed by restriction patterns. Homogeneous band patterns were yielded in those of K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates harboring the bla(CTX-M-2) gene from different farms. No genetic relation between the 2 CTX-M-14 ESBL-producing strains was found by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, although 2 plasmids in these strains, obtained from different broiler farms, were similar to each other. This study provides evidence that the proliferation of CTX-M-producing E. coli is due to the growth of indigenous CTX-M-producing strains and the possible emergence of strains that acquired CTX-M genes by horizontal transfer in different broiler farms. CTX-M-producing coliforms in broilers should be controlled due to the critical importance of cephalosporins and the zoonotic potential of ESBL-producing bacteria. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hiroi,M., Yamazaki,F., Harada,T., Takahashi,N., Iida,N., Noda,Y., Yagi,M., Nishio,T., Kanda,T., Kawamori,F., Sugiyama,K., Masuda,T., Hara-Kudo,Y., Ohashi,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20111007 PMCID Editors
Prevalence of Hookah smoking in relation to religiosity and familial support in college students of Tabriz, northwest of Iran	2014	Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. poorasl@yahoo.com.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.; Clinical Ps	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of research in health sciences Periodical, Abbrev. J.Res.Health.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Autumn Volume 14 Issue 4 Start Page 268 Other Pages 271 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101480094; OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/06/30 [received]; 2014/10/25 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Iran ISSN/ISBN 2228-7809; 2228-7795 Accession Number PMID: 25503281 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 1681 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25503281 Abstract BACKGROUND: Hookah smoking has increased worldwide especially among youth and young adults and has been identified as an emerging threat to public health. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hookah use and related factors in a sample of Iranian college students. METHODS: This study took place in Tabriz (northwest of Iran) in April and May 2011. The randomly selected sample consisted of 1837 college students. Data was collected in a survey. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure religious belief, parental support and risk taking behaviors including hookah smoking. Logistic regression model was performed in data analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of hookah smoking was 8.5% (CI95%: 7.3-9.9). After adjustment, being male (OR= 2.01), living in single house in comparison with living with parents (OR= 2.22), smoking (OR= 5.96) and ever drug abuse (OR= 3.02) were factors associated with students' hookah use. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a low prevalence of hookah smoking in Iranian college female students and revealed some of its associated factors. We demonstrated the co-occurrence of risky behaviors which emphasizes the importance of interventions aimed at reducing or preventing different high risk behaviors simultaneously. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Mohammadpoorasl,A., Abbasi Ghahramanloo,A., Allahverdipour,H., Modaresi Esfeh,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of illicit use and abuse of prescription stimulants, alcohol, and other drugs among college students: relationship with age at initiation of prescription stimulants	2007	School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Pharmacotherapy Periodical, Abbrev. Pharmacotherapy Pub Date Free Form May Volume 27 Issue 5 Start Page 666 Other Pages 674 Notes LR: 20140921; GR: R03 DA 018239/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 DA018239/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 DA018239-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 DA018239-02/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 DA019492/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United St Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0277-0008; 0277-0008 Accession Number PMID: 17461701 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1592/phco.27.5.666 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17461701 Abstract STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between age at initiation of prescription stimulants and illicit use and abuse of prescription stimulants, alcohol, and other drugs among college students in the United States. DESIGN: Web-based survey of college students. SETTING: A large (full-time undergraduate population > 20,000) university. INTERVENTION: A Web-based survey was sent to a random sample of 5389 undergraduate college students plus an additional 1530 undergraduate college students of various ethnic backgrounds over a 2-month period. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Alcohol abuse was assessed by including a modified version of the Cut Down, Annoyance, Guilt, Eye-opener (CAGE) instrument. Drug use-related problems were assessed with a slightly modified version of the Drug Abuse Screening Test, short form (DAST-10). The final sample consisted of 4580 undergraduate students (66% response rate). For the analyses, five subgroups were created based on age at initiation of prescription stimulant use: no prescription stimulant use, grades kindergarten (K)-4, grades 5-8, grades 9-12, and college. Undergraduate students to whom stimulants were prescribed in grades K-4 reported similar rates of alcohol and other drug use compared with that of the group that had no prescription stimulant use. For example, students who started prescription stimulants in grades K-4 were no more likely to report coingestion of alcohol and illicit prescription stimulants (odds ratio [OR] 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2-11.5, NS] than the group that had no prescription stimulant use. However, undergraduate students whose prescription stimulant use began in college had significantly higher rates of alcohol and other drug use. For example, students who started a prescription stimulant in college were almost 4 times as likely (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.9-7.1, p<0.001) to report at least three positive indicators of drug abuse on the DAST-10 compared with the group that had no prescription stimulant use. CONCLUSIONS: In concordance with results of previous research, these results indicate that initiation of prescription stimulants during childhood is not associated with increased future use of alcohol and other drugs. Descriptors Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology/psychology, Central Nervous System Stimulants/administration & dosage, Drug Prescriptions, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Internet, Male, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Self Medication/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Street Drugs, Students/psychology/statistics & numerical data, Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology, United States, Universities Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kaloyanides,K. B., McCabe,S. E., Cranford,J. A., Teter,C. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC2377411 Editors
Prevalence of Khat abuse and associated factors among undergraduate students of Jimma University, Ethiopia	2015		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form 26-Nov Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes ID: imsear.hellis.org-123456789-166335 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background: Khat is one of the shrub plants with an amphetamine-like stimulant effect. Khat use occurs in all segments of all societies, which results in decreased work and school performance, and absenteeism. This study therefore is aimed to determine the prevalence of Khat abuse and identifying their associated factors among Jimma University. Method: Sample size is 620 students. The study was done by using a multistage sampling technique. Results: Out of 620 students, 150 (24.2 %) males and 15 (2.4 %) females were ever chewer. Of which 129 (20.8 %) males and 13 (2.1) of females had chewed in the last 12month. From the total of 142 students who chewed in the last 12 month, low risk chewer and dependent were 24 (3.9 %) and 7 (1.1 %) respectively. Out of 111 Khat abusers 21(50 %), 25 (59.5 %), 7 (16.7 %) and 2 (4.8 %) of them had used cigarette, Alcohol, Shisha and Hashish respectively. Among Khat abusers, 51 (45.9 %) were chewing on daily base, 40 (36.1 %) weekly, 10 (9 %) monthly, 7 (6.3 %) occasionally and 3 (2.7 %) others. The amount of Khat chewed at a time was estimated per cost in birr, and 87 (78.4 %) of the abusers chewed Khat that costs more than 20 birr per ceremony. Different reasons for chewing Khat were mentioned by Khat abusers. The major reason mentioned was to get concentration 50 (50.5 %) followed by relaxation 32 (29.9%). Discussion: Khat abuse is prevalent among undergraduate students of Jimma University. Khat abuse is significantly associated with male gender, pocket money, faculty Khat use habit among family members. Most students use Khat to get concentration. Descriptors Links http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/ghl/resource/en/oai-imsear.hellis.org-123456789-166335 Book Title Database IMSEAR; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Wazema,Deribachew Hailemariam, Madhavi,Kanchi Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of Legionella spp. in swimming pool environment	2001	Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Bologna, Italy. eleoni@alma.unibo.it	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 35 Issue 15 Start Page 3749 Other Pages 3753 Notes JID: 0105072; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0043-1354; 0043-1354 Accession Number PMID: 11561639 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI S0043-1354(01)00075-6 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11561639 Abstract A study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of bacteria of the Legionella genus in the water from the pools and showers of 12 swimming pools in the city of Bologna (Italy). Sampling took place four times for every establishment, once for each season of the year. Legionella spp. were found in 2 of the 48 pool water samples (L. micdadei and L. bozenanii) and in 27 of the 48 samples taken from the hot water of the showers: 19 were positive for L. pneumophila (10-19,250 cfu/l) and 18 for other species (20-6000 cfu/l). The contamination was seen to be consistent throughout the year, since the same species of legionellae were isolated at different samplings and in concentrations that did not reveal any seasonal trend. The legionellae and the Gram negative bacteria were not found in shower water with a temperature above 43 degrees C. However, in the samples of shower water with a lower temperature a statistically significant inverse correlation was seen between legionellae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (r = -0.51; p<0.01) as well as between legionellae and Gram negative bacteria (r = -0.70; p<0.01). The potential risk of contracting infections from Legionella spp. in the swimming pool environment does not seem to be linked to the pool water, but to that of the showers. The water temperature of showers should therefore be maintained at a level high enough to prevent the reproduction of these bacteria. Descriptors Environmental Monitoring, Legionella, Population Dynamics, Prevalence, Seasons, Swimming Pools, Temperature, Water Microbiology, Water Supply Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Leoni,E., Legnani,P. P., Bucci Sabattini,M. A., Righi,F. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence of low bone mass in postmenopausal Kuwaiti women residents in the largest province of Kuwait	2012	Division of Endocrinology & Metabolic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait. kshoumer@hsc.edu.kw	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Archives of osteoporosis Periodical, Abbrev. Arch.Osteoporos Pub Date Free Form Volume 7 Issue Start Page 147 Other Pages 153 Notes LR: 20150623; JID: 101318988; 2012/03/12 [received]; 2012/07/11 [accepted]; 2012/09/01 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1862-3514 Accession Number PMID: 23225292 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1007/s11657-012-0092-1 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23225292 Abstract We measured bone mineral density (BMD) in Kuwaiti women residents in the largest province of Kuwait state to highlight the BMD changes with each age, in particular when they reach the postmenopausal stage. Healthy Kuwaiti females between the ages of 10 and 89 years, who were residents in the largest province of Kuwait, were included in the study. After measurements of their height and weight, their bone mineral density of L2-L4 lumbar spine and femur (neck and total) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Out of the studied 903 female subjects, 811 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Their mean +/- SEM age and body mass index (BMI) were respectively 47 +/- 1 years and 30.8 +/- 0.2 kg/m(2). Out of these 811 subjects, 454 were postmenopausal, and their age and BMI were 55.0 +/- 0.3 years and 32.0 +/- 0.3 kg/m(2), respectively. We have demonstrated that osteoporotic BMD of the spine and femur neck occurred in 20.2 and 12.5 % of postmenopausal Kuwaiti females, whereas osteopenic BMD of the spine and femur neck was observed at a frequency of 35.4 and 42.8 % of women, respectively. When the subjects were subdivided as per BMI, it was notable that overweight and obese had significantly higher BMD than normal weight postmenopausal women. BMD of the spine, femur neck, and femur total demonstrated significant positive correlations with body weight and BMI, whereas they demonstrated significant negative correlations with age. Low BMD of the femur neck and spine, reflected by the combination of osteopenia and osteoporosis, seemed to occur in more than half (55.3-55.6 %) of postmenopausal Kuwaiti women. OBJECTIVES: Most of the studies on assessment of prevalence of low bone mass were focused in Caucasian population. Data on subjects of the Mediterranean area are limited. We measured bone mineral density (BMD) in Kuwaiti women residents in the largest province of Kuwait state to highlight the BMD changes with each age, in particular when they reach the postmenopausal stage. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Kuwaiti female subjects of different age groups between 10 and 89 years, who were residents in the largest province of Kuwait (Hawalli), were included in the study. They were included if they had been healthy over the last 12 months, had no past history of bone disease, and are not taking any prescription medication that may affect bone density. Their bone mineral density of L2-L4 lumbar spine and femur (neck and total) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Out of the studied 903 female subjects, 811 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Their mean +/- SEM age and body mass index (BMI) were respectively 47 +/- 1 years and 30.8 +/- 0.2 kg/m(2). Out of these 811 subjects, 454 were postmenopausal, and their age and BMI were 55.0 +/- 0.3 years and 32.0 +/- 0.3 kg/m(2), respectively. We have demonstrated that osteoporotic BMD of the spine and femur neck occurred in 20.2 and 12.5 % of postmenopausal Kuwaiti females, respectively, whereas osteopenic BMD of the spine and femur neck was observed at a frequency of 35.4 and 42.8 % of women. When subjects were subdivided as per BMI, it was notable that overweight and obese postmenopausal women had significantly higher BMD of lumbar spine, femur neck, and femur total than normal weight postmenopausal women. Bone mineral densities of the spine, femur neck, and femur total demonstrated significant positive correlations with body weight and BMI, whereas they demonstrated significant negative correlations with age. CONCLUSION: Low BMD of the femur neck and spine, reflected by the combination of osteopenia and osteoporosis, seemed to occur in more than half (55.3-55.6 %) of postmenopausal Kuwaiti women residents at the largest province of Kuwait. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Shoumer,K.A., Nair,V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20120901 PMCID Editors
Prevalence of marijuana use at college entry and risk factors for initiation during freshman year	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 39 Issue 1 Start Page 302 Other Pages 307 Notes LR: 20150515; GR: R01 CA141643/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01CA141643/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7603486; NIHMS532494; OID: NLM: NIHMS532494; OID: NLM: PMC4098711; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-6327; 0306-4603 Accession Number PMID: 24455784 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24455784 Abstract BACKGROUND: Marijuana is currently the most commonly used drug on college campuses. Marijuana use among college students is increasing, and many students begin using marijuana during college. The goal of this study was to investigate predictors of lifetime marijuana use at college entry and initiation during freshman year. METHODS: We used responses from the first two semesters of a longitudinal study of 3146 students from 11 colleges in North Carolina and Virginia. Random-effects logistic regression models were constructed to identify factors that predict lifetime marijuana use at college entry and initiation during freshman year. RESULTS: Nearly 30% of students reported ever having used marijuana at college entry. Among students who had never used marijuana prior to college, 8.5% initiated use during freshman year. In multivariable logistic regression models, having at least $100 per month in spending money; attending church rarely or never; current use of cigarettes, alcohol, and hookah tobacco; lifetime use of other illicit drugs; and a higher propensity toward sensation seeking were associated with a higher likelihood of having used marijuana at least once at college entry. Hispanic ethnicity, living on campus, and current use of cigarettes and alcohol were associated with a higher likelihood of initiating marijuana use during freshman year. CONCLUSION: These results have implications for targeting substance abuse prevention programs on college campuses. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Suerken,C.K., Reboussin,B.A., Sutfin,E.L., Wagoner,K.G., Spangler,J., Wolfson,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4098711 Editors
Prevalence of Marijuana-Related Traffic on Twitter, 2012-2013: A Content Analysis	2015	1 Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington.; 2 Department of History, Amherst College , Amherst, Massachusetts.; 1 Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Washington , Seattle	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking Periodical, Abbrev. Cyberpsychol Behav.Soc.Netw. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 18 Issue 6 Start Page 311 Other Pages 319 Notes LR: 20160601; GR: T32 HD057822/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: T32HD057822/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 TR000423/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1TR000423/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 101528721; OID: NLM: PMC4491148; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2152-2723; 2152-2715 Accession Number PMID: 26075917 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1089/cyber.2014.0620 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26075917 Abstract This study assessed marijuana-related content posted by adolescents on Twitter and examined content variation before and after the 2012 U.S. election legalizing recreational use in two states. For two 3-week periods occurring 6 months before and after the election, a 1% random sample was obtained of all tweets matching a set of marijuana-related queries. Original content was separated from reposted content (retweets), and foreign language tweets and those not related to marijuana were excluded. Using a structured codebook, tweet content was categorized (e.g., mention of personal marijuana use, parents' views, perceived effects.) Self-reported age was extracted from tweet metadata when available. Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in content by whether the user self-identified as an adolescent and to compare content pre- versus post-election. The full sample consisted of 71,901 tweets. After excluding nonrelevant tweets and separating original tweets from retweets, the analytic sample included 36,969 original tweets. A majority (65.6%) of original tweets by adolescents (n=1,928) reflected a positive attitude toward marijuana, and 42.9% indicated personal use. Of adolescents' tweets that mentioned parents, 36.0% of tweets indicated parental support for the adolescent's marijuana use. Tweets about personal marijuana use increased from 2012 to 2013, as did positive perceptions about the drug. Adolescents and others on Twitter are exposed to positive discussion normalizing use. Over the study period, Twitter was increasingly used to disclose marijuana use. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Thompson,L., Rivara,F.P., Whitehill,J.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4491148 Editors
Prevalence of patent foramen ovale (PFO) and MRI-lesions in mild neurological decompression sickness (type B-DCS/AGE)	2008	German Naval Medical Institute, Kiel-Kronshagen, Germany.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc Periodical, Abbrev. Undersea Hyperb.Med. Pub Date Free Form May-Jun Volume 35 Issue 3 Start Page 197 Other Pages 205 Notes JID: 9312954; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1066-2936; 1066-2936 Accession Number PMID: 18619115 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18619115 Abstract BACKGROUND: Neurological decompression sickness (DCS/AGE) may cover two variants with either severer and probably central nervous (Type A) or milder and sometimes doubtful neurological symptoms (Type B). The pathophysiology of the Type B-DCS/AGE might be different from the Type A-variant. In Type A-DCS/AGE a higher PFO-prevalence (patent foramen ovale) points towards an embolic origin of the Type A-symptomatology. This is not necessarily expected for the Type B-DCS/AGE if the pathophysiology here is micro-embolic or even non-embolic. METHODS: 18 patients with Type B-DCS/AGE were tested against matched controls for presence and size of a PFO with echocardiography and transcranial ultrasound with echo-contrast. Prevalence and number of Type A-brain lesions were visualized by cranial MRI as possible sequelae from gas-embolic events. RESULTS: PFO-prevalence in both groups, the patients with Type B-DCS/AGE (5/18) as well as the controls (7/18) was similar to published PFO-prevalences in normals without any difference between patients and controls (p = 0.725). Also the number of MRI-lesions (ACFs) was the same for Type B-DCS/AGE cases (15 ACFs in 5 patients) and controls (37 ACFs in 8 divers). CONCLUSION: Indirect findings suggesting embolic brain injuries are found with similar frequency in patients with Type B-DCS/AGE and normal controls, which is in contrast to data about Type A-DCS/AGE. This is compatible with different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the Type A- and Type B-DCS/AGE. Descriptors Adult, Brain Diseases/diagnosis/physiopathology, Case-Control Studies, Decompression Sickness/physiopathology, Echocardiography, Embolism, Air/diagnosis/physiopathology, Female, Foramen Ovale, Patent/diagnosis/epidemiology/physiopathology, Humans, Intracranial Embolism/diagnosis/physiopathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Prevalence, Statistics, Nonparametric Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Koch,A. E., Kirsch,H., Reuter,M., Warninghoff,V., Rieckert,H., Deuschl,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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