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Title Sort ascending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Effects of staining and bleaching on color change of dental composite resins	2006	Bioscience Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33329, USA. pvillalt@nova.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of prosthetic dentistry Periodical, Abbrev. J.Prosthet.Dent. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 95 Issue 2 Start Page 137 Other Pages 142 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 0376364; 0 (Coffee); 0 (Coloring Agents); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Drug Combinations); 0 (Esthet-X); 0 (Filtek Supreme); 0 (Oxidants); 0 (Peroxides); 31PZ2VAU81 (carbamide peroxide); 8W8T17847W (Urea); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0022-3913; 0022-3913 Accession Number PMID: 16473088 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D; IM DOI S0022-3913(05)00646-3 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 16473088 Abstract STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Discoloration of resin-based composites by colored solutions is a common problem. The use of bleaching agents for discolored natural teeth is becoming increasingly popular. It is not clear if bleaching agents can remove the stain from composite resins. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 staining solutions and 3 bleaching systems on the color changes of 2 dental composite resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five disk-shaped specimens (9 x 2.5 mm) of each of 2 composite resins, Filtek Supreme (FS) and Esthet X (EX), were prepared. The specimens were then divided into 3 groups of 15 specimens each and immersed in 2 staining solutions (coffee or red wine) or distilled water (control) for 3 hours daily over a 40-day test period. The 3 groups were then divided into 3 subgroups (n = 5), and 3 bleaching agents (Crest Night Effects, Colgate Simply White Night, or Opalescence Quick) were applied to the surface of the specimens over a 14-day period. Color of the specimens was measured with a spectrophotometer using CIELAB color space relative to CIE standard illuminant D55 at baseline, after staining, and after bleaching. The color differences (deltaE(ab)) between the 3 measurements were calculated. The value deltaE(ab) = 3.3 was used as an acceptable value in subjective visual evaluations. Analysis of variance and nonparametric analysis (Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test) were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: After staining, FS had more color change than EX and was more affected by the wine solution. After bleaching, the color of both EX and FS specimens returned to the baseline. The color differences between bleaching and baseline were less than value deltaE(ab)* = 3.3 for all groups. CONCLUSION: The nanocomposite (FS) changed color more than the microhybrid composite (EX) as a result of staining in coffee or red wine solutions. After bleaching, discoloration was removed completely from the composite resins tested. Descriptors Analysis of Variance, Coffee, Color, Coloring Agents/chemistry, Composite Resins/chemistry, Drug Combinations, Materials Testing, Oxidants, Particle Size, Peroxides, Statistics, Nonparametric, Tooth Bleaching, Urea/analogs & derivatives, Wine Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Villalta,P., Lu,H., Okte,Z., Garcia-Godoy,F., Powers,J. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of smoking on clinical parameters and the gingival crevicular fluid levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha in patients with chronic periodontitis	2004	Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. ebruerdemir@hotmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of clinical periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Clin.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 31 Issue 2 Start Page 99 Other Pages 104 Notes LR: 20061115; CI: Copyright Blackwell Munksgaard, 2004; JID: 0425123; 0 (Interleukin-6); 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha); ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0303-6979; 0303-6979 Accession Number PMID: 15016034 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI 10.1111/j.0303-6979.2004.00454.x [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15016034 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Smoking is an important environmental risk factor for the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of smoking on clinical parameters and the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) contents of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in patients with chronic periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study base consisted of 41 patients including 22 volunteer current smokers with an age range of 32-59 (44.41+/-7.88) years and 19 volunteer non-smokers with an age range of 36-59 (46.94+/-6.07) years. The first month after non-surgical periodontal therapy was accepted as the baseline of the study. The clinical parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded and GCF samples were collected for analysis of GCF contents of IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels. At the 3rd and 6th months, all of these procedures were repeated. RESULTS: In smokers, only CAL was significantly higher at the 3rd month compared with non-smokers (p0.05), the total amount of TNF-alpha in GCF decreased from the initial to the 6th month in smokers (p0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that cigarette smoking increases the amount of dental plaque over time in smokers and does not influence GCF contents of IL-6 and TNF-alpha. Descriptors Adult, Analysis of Variance, Chronic Disease, Dental Plaque Index, Dental Scaling, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gingival Crevicular Fluid/chemistry, Gingival Hemorrhage/physiopathology, Humans, Interleukin-6/analysis, Male, Middle Aged, Periodontal Attachment Loss/physiopathology, Periodontal Index, Periodontal Pocket/physiopathology, Periodontitis/physiopathology/therapy, Root Planing, Smoking/physiopathology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Erdemir,E. O., Duran,I., Haliloglu,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of shisha smoking on carbon monoxide and PM2.5 concentrations in the indoor and outdoor microenvironment of shisha premises	2016		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sci Total Environ Periodical, Abbrev. Sci.Total Environ. Pub Date Free Form Volume 548-549 Issue Start Page 340 Other Pages 6 Notes ID: 26803732 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract There has been significant rise in shisha premises in the United Kingdom with an unsubstantiated belief that shisha smoking is harmless and relatively safe. This study aimed to assess the public health situation by evaluating the extent of shisha environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure among those that work in, and are customers of shisha businesses. Concentrations of several ETS pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5Âµm (PM2.5) in shisha premises were measured using real-time sensors inside and outside twelve shisha premises and at 5 pubs/restaurants where smoking is prohibited. Mean concentration of CO (7.3Â±2.4mg/m(3)) and PM2.5 (287Â±233Âµg/m(3)) inside active shisha premises was higher than concentrations measured within the vicinity of the shisha premises (CO: 0.9Â±0.7mg/m(3) and PM2.5: 34Â±14Âµg/m(3)) and strongly correlated (PM2.5 R=0.957). Concentrations were higher than indoor concentrations in pubs and restaurants where smoking is not permitted under UK law. The number of shisha pipes was a strong predictor of the PM2.5 concentrations. The study also assessed the risk perception within patrons and managers, with only 25% being aware of the risks associated to shisha smoking. The study identifies owners, employees and consumers within active shisha premises being exposed to concentrations of CO and PM2.5 at levels considered hazardous to human health. The results and outcome of this research serve as a basis to influence a discussion around the need of developing specific policies to protect consumers and employees of such premises. Descriptors Links http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.093 Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Gurung,Gam, Bradley,Janet, Delgado-Saborit, Juana Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of sheesha and cigarette smoking on pulmonary function of Saudi males and females	1988	Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Allied Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tropical and geographical medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Trop.Geogr.Med. Pub Date Free Form 1988/ Volume 40 Issue 2 Start Page 115 Other Pages 123 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0041-3232 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors age, smoking, female, human, lung function, major clinical study, male, obstructive airway disease, risk factor, Saudi Arabia, sex difference Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Al-Fayez,S. F., Ardawi,M. S. M., Zahran,F. M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of secondhand smoke on the birth weight of term infants and the demographic profile of Saudi exposed women	2013	Sheikh Bahamdan Research Chair of Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 102799, Riyadh 11685, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. umlena@yahoo.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 15-Apr Volume 13 Issue Start Page 341 Other Pages 2458-13-341 Notes LR: 20150427; JID: 100968562; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC3641009; 2013/01/07 [received]; 2013/04/11 [accepted]; 2013/04/15 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 23587116 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-341 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23587116 Abstract BACKGROUND: Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is associated with detrimental effects on the mother and the fetus including; impaired fetal growth, low birth weight and preterm delivery. In utero exposure to tobacco is implicated in the etiology of many adults' diseases including obesity, diabetes and hypertension.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of Secondhand Tobacco Smoke (SHS) exposure on newborns' anthropometric measurements and to compare the demographic profile of the women exposed to SHS to those who were not. METHOD: This is a retrospective cohort study investigating the effects of SHS during pregnancy on newborns' anthropometry. Women who self-reported SHS exposure were compared with those not exposed. The primary outcomes were birth weight, newborn length and head circumference. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis were performed. Adjusted differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Mothers exposed to SHS constituted 31% of the cohort. The mean birth weight of infants of exposed mothers was significantly lower by 35 g, 95% CI: 2-68 g, (P = 0.037) and the mean length was shorter by 0.261 cm, 95% CI 0.058-0.464 cm, (P = 0.012) compared to the infants of unexposed mothers. Women exposed to SHS, were younger, of lower parity and more likely to be illiterate than those who were not exposed in addition, exposed women were less likely to be primiparous. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of exposure of Saudi pregnant women to SHS is high at 31% and it is associated with reduced birth weight, and shorter length of the newborn. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wahabi,H.A., Alzeidan,R.A., Fayed,A.A., Mandil,A., Al-Shaikh,G., Esmaeil,S.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130415 PMCID PMC3641009 Editors
Effects of respiratory muscle and endurance training using an individualized training device on the pulmonary function and exercise capacity in stroke patients	2014	Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research Periodical, Abbrev. Med.Sci.Monit. Pub Date Free Form 5-Dec Volume 20 Issue Start Page 2543 Other Pages 2549 Notes LR: 20151028; JID: 9609063; OID: NLM: PMC4266259; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1643-3750; 1234-1010 Accession Number PMID: 25488849 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.12659/MSM.891112 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25488849 Abstract BACKGROUND: Because respiratory muscle function plays a strong role in exercise capacity and cardiopulmonary response to exercise, systematic training and measurement of respiratory muscle function should be considered in stroke patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an individualized respiratory muscle training device combined with conventional physical therapy exercise can improve the pulmonary function and exercise capacity of stroke patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty stroke patients were randomly assigned to an exercise group (n=10) or a control group (n=10). Over 4 weeks, each group participated in exercise training interventions 3 times per week. In each session, the control group received basic exercise treatments for 30 min, followed by an automated full-body workout for 20 min. The exercise group performed the same exercise regimen as the control group, as well as an additional respiratory muscle training regimen using a respiratory exercise device for 20 min. RESULTS: Pulmonary function of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) and exercise capacity of a 6-min walking test and Shortness of Breath Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (SBMBDS) scores were assessed before and after the training. A significant intergroup difference was observed in the FVC, FEV1, PEF, 6MWT, and SBMBDS scores (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kim,J., Park,J.H., Yim,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20141205 PMCID PMC4266259 Editors
Effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation on shear bond strength of composite resin bonded to porcelain	2000	Department of Stomatology, 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-San Medical University.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology Periodical, Abbrev. Hua.Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 18 Issue 6 Start Page 377 Other Pages 379 Notes LR: 20100429; JID: 9422648; 0 (Composite Resins); 12001-21-7 (Dental Porcelain); ppublish Place of Publication China ISSN/ISBN 1000-1182; 1000-1182 Accession Number PMID: 12539463 Language chi SubFile English Abstract; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12539463 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the shear bond strength of composite resin bonded to pretreated porcelain surfaces by use of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser irradiation and by use of 8% hydrofluoric etching. METHODS: Surfaces of porcelain were roughened with coarse diamonds until the opaque body porcelains were exposed. The samples were divided into four groups. Samples of the first group were etched with 8% hydrofluoric acid for 3 min by following the manufacter's instructions. Samples of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were separately irradiated by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser of three energy parameters of 15 Hz, 40 mJ; 0.6 W; 15 Hz, 60 mJ, 0.9 W and 15 Hz, 80 mJ, 1.2 W different respectively, each specimen was irradiated for 1 min. Then, silane coupling agent was equally placed on the treated surfaces for 3 min, the activator was used on each surface. The adhesive was applied and light-cured. The composite resin material was finally bonded to the treated porcelain surface, forming a 3 mm x 3 mm x 2 mm resin mass. Samples were then tested for shear bond strength between the treated porcelain and composite resin by using a SWD-10 electric universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until fracture. At the end of testing, the data was evaluated by using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) comparing the shear bond strength. On the other hand, characteristic morphology of laser irradiated surfaces of porcelain was prepared and observed by a scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The shear bond strength of laser groups of 0.6 W, 0.9 W, 1.2 W and etching group was respectively 8.61, 14.07, 11.22 and 13.47 MPa. There was no significantly difference among groups of laser 0.9 W, 1.2 W and the etching group. This suggested that irradiated on surfaces of porcelain by Nd:YAG laser at the above laser energy could attain the same effectiveness as hydrofluoric acid etching. But the shear bond strength of laser 0.6 W group was significantly lower than the etching group. It suggested that shear bond strength would obviously decrease when laser energy was 0.6 W or lower than this parameter, and had no use in treatment on porcelain surfaces comparing to acid etching. SEM showed that porcelain surfaces irradiated by Nd:YAG laser exhibited rough, umbilicate, lava crater-like structure. This structure helped to produce mechanical retention between resin composite and porcelain. CONCLUSION: The pulsed Nd:YAG laser could replace etching method to pretreat the fracture porcelain surfaces for bonding with composite resin at appropriate energy parameters. Descriptors Composite Resins, Dental Bonding/methods, Dental Porcelain, Lasers, Materials Testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Shear Strength Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Li,R., Ren,Y., Han,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of phosphoric acid pretreatment and substitution of bonding resin on bonding effectiveness of self-etching systems to enamel	2007	Department of Dental Materials and Operative Dentistry, University of Oeste de Santa Catarina, Joacaba, SC, Brazil.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The journal of adhesive dentistry Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adhes.Dent. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 9 Issue 6 Start Page 537 Other Pages 545 Notes LR: 20121115; JID: 100888552; 0 (Clearfil SE Bond); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dentin-Bonding Agents); 0 (Filtek Z250); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Prompt L-Pop); 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose); 0 (Tyrian SPE); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); pp Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1461-5185; 1461-5185 Accession Number PMID: 18265711 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18265711 Abstract PURPOSE: To examine the etching efficacy of three self-etching systems to unconditioned enamel and to phosphoric-acid conditioned enamel using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and to investigate the microtensile bond strength (muTBS) of three self-etching adhesives to unconditioned enamel used according to the manufacturers' instructions, on phosphoric-acid conditioned enamel, and when their different adhesives were replaced with a control resin after etching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clearfil SE Bond (CSE), Tyrian SPE/One-Step Plus (TY), and Adper Prompt L-Pop (AD) were employed. Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus (SBMP), an etch-and-rinse adhesive, was used as control. For muTBS evaluation, the buccal or lingual mid-coronal enamel of 30 molars was used. In the first group, self-etching adhesives were applied conventionally, according to manufacturers' directions (group C). A second group of specimens was etched with 35% phosphoric acid before application of the self-etching adhesives (group PA), and the third group of specimens was etched with the self-etching adhesives, rinsed, but bonded using a control bonding resin (group CR). Following restoration with Z250, they were sectioned into beams (0.8 mm2), and stressed to failure. Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. The etching efficacy of the self-etching adhesives, phosphoric acid, and prior phosphoric acid + SE application was evaluated under SEM. RESULTS: All self-etching adhesives applied as recommended by the manufacturers showed lower muTBS values than those obtained in PA and CR groups, although this difference was only significant for TY and AD. The means of all self-etching adhesives under PA and CR groups were similar to SBMP. The enamel conditioned with self-etching adhesive showed a less distinct pattern. CSE exhibited the mildest etching pattern. All self-etching adhesives applied after phosphoric acid exhibited a more retentive etching pattern. CONCLUSION: The bond strength values of low-pH self-etching adhesives can be improved by the adjunctive use of phosphoric acid or replacement of the bonding resin. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental, Composite Resins/chemistry, Dental Bonding, Dental Enamel/ultrastructure, Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry, Humans, Materials Testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Phosphoric Acids/chemistry, Resin Cements/chemistry, Stress, Mechanical, Surface Properties, Tensile Strength Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Rotta,M., Bresciani,P., Moura,S. K., Grande,R. H., Hilgert,L. A., Baratieri,L. N., Loguercio,A. D., Reis,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of phosphoric acid concentration and etch duration on the shear bond strength of an orthodontic bonding resin to enamel. An in vitro study	1989	University of Alabama, Birmingham.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics Periodical, Abbrev. Am.J.Orthod.Dentofacial Orthop. Pub Date Free Form Dec Volume 96 Issue 6 Start Page 485 Other Pages 492 Notes LR: 20121115; JID: 8610224; 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dental Cements); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0889-5406; 0889-5406 Accession Number PMID: 2686399 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; D; IM DOI 0889-5406(89)90115-7 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 2686399 Abstract The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effects of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) concentration and duration of etching on the shear bond strength of an orthodontic bonding resin to enamel. Nine bonding procedures, each involving 18 extracted human maxillary permanent canines, were used. Ground enamel surfaces were etched with a 37% H3PO4 solution, a 15% H3PO4 gel, or a 5% H3PO4 solution for 60, 30, and 15 seconds, respectively. Cylinders of an orthodontic bonding resin, Concise, were prepared in a special device. The test specimens were disassembled 15 minutes after preparation and stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. A shear load was applied to the bonded cylinders at a crosshead speed of 0.02 in.min-1 in an Instron testing machine, and the shear bond strengths were calculated and expressed in MN.m-2. A two-factor analysis of the data showed that the H3PO4 concentration had no significant effect on the shear bond strength, but the duration of etching affected shear bond strength significantly. The enamel aspects of the fractured test specimens were examined microscopically and the percent failure within the bonding resin at the bonding sites estimated. The correlation between shear bond strength and percentage failure within the bonding resin was not significant. The effects of the nine etching procedures on ground and unground enamel surfaces were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The etching procedures produced well-defined etching patterns on both ground and unground enamel surfaces. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental/methods, Composite Resins, Dental Bonding, Dental Cements, Dental Enamel/ultrastructure, Dental Stress Analysis, Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Phosphoric Acids/administration & dosage, Time Factors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Legler,L. R., Retief,D. H., Bradley,E. L., Denys,F. R., Sadowsky,P. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Effects of personality on risky driving behavior and accident involvement for Chinese drivers	2013	Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Traffic injury prevention Periodical, Abbrev. Traffic Inj.Prev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 14 Issue 6 Start Page 565 Other Pages 571 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101144385; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1538-957X; 1538-9588 Accession Number PMID: 23859184 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1080/15389588.2012.748903 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23859184 Abstract OBJECTIVE: Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of injury-related fatalities in China and pose the most serious threat to driving safety. Driver personality is considered as an effective predictor for risky driving behavior and accident liability. Previous studies have focused on the relationship between personality and risky driving behavior, but only a few of them have explored the effects of personality variables on accident involvement. In addition, few studies have examined the effects of personality on Chinese drivers' risky driving and accident involvement. The present study aimed to examine the effects of personality variables on Chinese drivers' unsafe driving behaviors and accident involvement. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-four Chinese drivers aged 20 to 50 were required to complete questionnaires assessing their personality traits (anger, sensation-seeking, altruism, and normlessness), risky driving behaviors (aggressive violations, ordinary violations), and accident involvement (all accidents, serious accidents, at-fault accidents). Multivariate regression analyses, adjusting for gender, age, and overall mileage, were conducted to identify the personality traits related to risky driving behaviors and accident involvement. RESULTS: Participants' personality traits were found to be significantly correlated with both risky driving behavior and accident involvement. Specifically, the traits of anger and normlessness were effective predictors for aggressive violations. The traits of anger, sensation-seeking, normlessness, and altruism were effective predictors for ordinary violations. Moreover, altruism and normlessness were significant predictors for the total number of accidents participants had during the past 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with previous studies, the present study revealed that personality traits play an important role in predicting Chinese drivers' risky driving behaviors. In addition, Chinese drivers' personality characteristics were also associated with accident involvement. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Yang,J., Du,F., Qu,W., Gong,Z., Sun,X. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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