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Prevalence and determinants of water pipe or narghile use among students in Beirut's southern suburbs	2004	Zoughaib, S.S., Beirut, Lebanon	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal Medical Libanais Periodical, Abbrev. J.Med.Liban. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 52 Issue 3 Start Page 142 Other Pages 148 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0023-9852 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVES: Measuring the prevalence and determinants of narghile smoking among teenagers in schools in the southern suburbs (Dahia) of Beirut, Lebanon. METHODS: A simplified questionnaire was self-completed by intermediate and secondary students selected from private and public schools in Dahia the year 2001-2002. Variables obtained included details on narghile and cigarette smoking, sociodemographic characteristics of the student and his/her family, friendship networks, and beliefs regarding health. RESULTS : A total of 1461 students completed the questionnaire, of which 24% admitted regularly (> once/week) smoking the narghile and 14.4% occasionally, with a male predominance. The initiation was at about 13.6 yrs of age, but it varied from as low as 5 to 18 yrs. At least 28% of first narghile trial took place with a member of the immediate family, even though 58.2% initiated with a user friend. The monthly cost of using narghile did not exceed 7 USD for about half of narghile users in that area. CONCLUSIONS: Narghile use is a behavior gaining in importance in Lebanon in general, and in the Dahia area in particular. Its initiation among adolescents means that the probability of addiction is higher and the adverse health consequences are potentially more severe. It requires immediate interventional procedures including the launching of a campaign of national awareness for which hard data, such as those provided by this study, will be needed. Descriptors addiction, adolescent, adult, article, child, child behavior, smoking, female, health education, human, Lebanon, male, narghile, normal human, prevalence, questionnaire, tobacco Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Zoughaib,S. S., Adib,S. M., Jabbour,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence and Determinants of Waterpipe Tobacco Use among Adolescents in Oman	2008	Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman;	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Sultan Qaboos University medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Sultan Qaboos Univ.Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Mar Volume 8 Issue 1 Start Page 37 Other Pages 43 Notes LR: 20130529; JID: 101519915; OID: NLM: PMC3087736; OTO: NOTNLM; 2007/07/24 [received]; 2007/12/15 [accepted]; ppublish Place of Publication Oman ISSN/ISBN 2075-051X; 2075-051X Accession Number PMID: 21654955 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21654955 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and determinants of waterpipe use among school-going adolescents in Oman. METHODS: A cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted in 2003 involving 9 regions of Oman, as part of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Participants were requested to complete an anonymous questionnaire containing demographic characteristics, current and previous use of waterpipe tobacco, attitudes towards cigarette smoking, parents' and friends' cigarette smoking habits. Proportions were used to calculate prevalence rates and logistic regression analysis to obtain odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: 1,962 students participated of whom 1,005 (51.2%) were males. Eighty-eight percent were between 13 and 16 years of age. Five hundred and twenty-two (26.6%) reported ever smoking waterpipe tobacco while 189 (9.6%) were current users. Among males, 155 (15.5%) were current users while among females only 24 (2.6%) smoked currently. Study participants were more likely to use waterpipe if they had a parent or friend who smoked cigarettes. Adolescents were, however, less likely to use waterpipe tobacco if they believed that cigarette smoking was harmful to health. Students who were receiving 500 Baisas (US$ 1.3) or more per day pocket money were more likely to use waterpipe tobacco compared to those receiving less (OR 3.3, 95% CI 2.3 to 4.6). In multivariate analysis, the OR for males being a smoker of waterpipe tobacco compared to females was 4.46 (95% CI, 2.38 to 8.35); while the OR for most or all friends smoking cigarettes compared to non-smoking was OR 5.65 (95% CI 2.87 to 11.13). Study participants who perceived smoking as harmful to health were less likely to use waterpipe tobacco compared to those who did not believe smoking was harmful (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.92) and those receiving 500 Baisas or more (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5 to 3.2). CONCLUSION: Waterpipe smoking among Omani adolescents is an emerging public health concern. Efforts to prevent adolescent smoking should be designed with knowledge of associated factors of such behaviour and should include all forms of tobacco. Descriptors Adolescents, Oman, Tobacco, Waterpipe Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Al-Lawati,J. A., Muula,A. S., Hilmi,S. A., Rudatsikira,E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3087736 Editors
Prevalence and epidemiological relationship of CMY-2 AmpC beta-lactamase and CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from broiler farms in Japan	2013	Yamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, 2-5-67 Aoi, Yamaguchi 753-0821, Japan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science Periodical, Abbrev. J.Vet.Med.Sci. Pub Date Free Form Volume 75 Issue 8 Start Page 1009 Other Pages 1015 Notes JID: 9105360; 0 (DNA Primers); 0 (Escherichia coli Proteins); 9M416Z9QNR (Ceftazidime); EC 3.5.2.- (CTX-M-9 protein, E coli); EC 3.5.2.- (beta-lactamase CMY-2); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); N2GI8B1GK7 (Cefotaxime); 2013/03/15 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Japan ISSN/ISBN 1347-7439; 0916-7250 Accession Number PMID: 23503164 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI DN/JST.JSTAGE/jvms/12-0453 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23503164 Abstract To evaluate the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in broiler chickens, 41 rectal samples taken from 4 commercial farms were examined. Desoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agars, supplemented with either 4 mug/ml cefotaxime or 16 mug/ml ceftazidime, were used to screen ESC-resistant bacteria. ESC-resistant bacteria were isolated from all samples. Of the 164 ESC-resistant bacteria (included 4 isolates per a sample), 163 were Escherichia coli, while 1 isolate was identified as Enterobacter cloacae. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes in the isolates were determined by PCR and sequencing. One AmpC beta-lactamase gene, bla(CMY-2) (66%), and 4 ESBL genes, bla(CTX-M-1) (26%), bla(CTX-M-55) (10%), bla(SHV-5) (4%) and bla(CTX-M-2) (3%), were detected in the E. coli isolates. The epidemiological relationship of the CMY-2 and CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing isolates among the farms was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using the XbaI restriction enzyme. Forty-one (Y1-Y41) and 14 (X1-X14) clusters were found in the CMY-2 and CTX-M-carrying E. coli isolates, respectively. Some clusters included isolates derived from more than 1 farm, indicating some cross-contamination of clonal strains and spread of CMY-2 AmpC beta-lactamase or CTX-M ESBL among the farms. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Kameyama,M., Chuma,T., Yabata,J., Tominaga,K., Iwata,H., Okamoto,K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130315 PMCID Editors
Prevalence and factors associated with use of hookah tobacco among young adults in the US	2018		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Volume 85 Issue Start Page 21 Other Pages 25 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Data Source google Authors Soulakova, Julia N, Pham, Thanh, Owens, Victoria L, Crockett, Lisa J Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence and harm perceptions of hookah smoking among US adults, 2014â€“2015	2017		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addictive Behaviors Periodical, Abbrev. Addict.Behav. Pub Date Free Form Volume 69 Issue Start Page 78 Other Pages 86 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Data Source google Authors Majeed, Ban A, Sterling, Kymberle L, Weaver, Scott R, Pechacek, Terry F, Eriksen, Michel P Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Prevalence and harm perceptions of various tobacco products among college students	2014	Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin, TX.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 16 Issue 5 Start Page 519 Other Pages 526 Notes JID: 9815751; 2013/11/09 [aheadofprint]; 2013/12/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24212764 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntt174 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24212764 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Although use of non-cigarette alternative tobacco products (ATPs) is increasingly prevalent in the United States, little is known about the varying patterns of tobacco use among college students. This study examined prevalence of ATP use and differences across 4 groups of students (nontobacco, cigarette-only, polytobacco, and ATP-only users) on perceptions of danger and beliefs about government safety evaluation of tobacco products. METHODS: An online survey was administered to 5,028 students attending 7 public universities within a larger university system (M age = 20.5 years, 59.6% female, 54.6% Hispanic/Latino). Multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate differences between the 4 groups on perceived danger of tobacco products and beliefs regarding government safety evaluation of these products. RESULTS: Prevalence of ATP use among the sample ranged from 0.4% for dissolvable tobacco to 10.8% for hookah. Group membership was significantly associated with perceived danger of each tobacco product, whereby cigarette-only and ATP-only users reported significantly higher levels of perceived danger for most ATPs than did polytobacco users. Furthermore, cigarette-only, polytobacco, and ATP-only users were significantly more likely than nonusers to believe that the government evaluates some tobacco products for safety. CONCLUSIONS: ATP use among young adult college students is prevalent. Furthermore, students who use ATPs in conjunction with cigarettes (i.e., polytobacco users) appear to be at highest risk for the continuation and subsequent dependence on nicotine, given their danger perceptions and beliefs of government evaluation. Future research examining trajectories of use, particularly among polytobacco users, is needed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Latimer,L.A., Batanova,M., Loukas,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131109 PMCID Editors
Prevalence and molecular characterization of CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy swine and cattle	2013	Bacterial Disease Division, Animal, Plant, and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Foodborne pathogens and disease Periodical, Abbrev. Foodborne Pathog.Dis. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 10 Issue 1 Start Page 13 Other Pages 20 Notes JID: 101120121; 0 (Bacterial Proteins); 0 (DNA, Bacterial); EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-Lactamases); 2012/12/04 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1556-7125; 1535-3141 Accession Number PMID: 23210923 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1245 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23210923 Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of CTX-M beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli among healthy swine and cattle in Korea. A total of 1212 fecal samples obtained from healthy pigs (n=558) and cattle (n=654) were screened for CTX-M-type extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolates. One hundred and twenty-one E. coli that produced ESBL were subjected to phenotypic and genotypic characterization. A high number (120/558, 21.5%) of swine fecal samples showed the presence of CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing E. coli compared to cattle samples (1/654, 0.2%). The most predominant CTX-M-type identified was CTX-M-14 (n=82), followed by CTX-M-15 (n=16). Isolates producing CTX-M-3, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-55, and CTX-M-65 were also identified. Overall, the bla(TEM-1) gene was associated with CTX-M beta-lactamase in 55 E. coli isolates. Transfer of bla(CTX-M) gene was demonstrated from 76 out of 121 bla(CTX-M)-positive E. coli isolates to the recipient E. coli J53 by conjugation. Plasmid DNA isolation from the transconjugants revealed a large (90-120 Kb) conjugative plasmid. ISEcp1 and IS903 were detected upstream and downstream of bla(CTX-M) genes in 117 and 91 E. coli isolates, respectively. Our results demonstrated that a combination of clonal expansion and horizontal transmission is spreading bla(CTX-M) genes among swine E. coli. The horizontal dissemination of bla(CTX-M) genes among E. coli was mostly mediated by IncF or IncI1-Igamma plasmids. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of CTX-M-3, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-55, and CTX-M-65 beta-lactamases in bacterial isolates from food animals in Korea. This study revealed that the CTX-M beta-lactamase-producing E. coli are widely disseminated among healthy pigs but very rare in cattle in Korea. Increasing prevalence of bla(CTX-M) genes in intestinal E. coli of food animals is a matter of concern and should be carefully monitored. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Tamang,M.D., Nam,H.M., Kim,S.R., Chae,M.H., Jang,G.C., Jung,S.C., Lim,S.K. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121204 PMCID Editors
Prevalence and patterns of commonly abused psychoactive prescription drugs in a sample of university students from Lebanon: an opportunity for cross-cultural comparisons	2012	Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, American University of Beirut, 1107-2020 Lebanon. lg01@aub.edu.lb	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Drug and alcohol dependence Periodical, Abbrev. Drug Alcohol Depend. Pub Date Free Form 1-Feb Volume 121 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 110 Other Pages 117 Notes LR: 20151119; CI: Copyright (c) 2011; GR: DA020667/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: DA023434/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States; GR: HD060072/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 HD060072/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States; GR: R03 DA023434/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/Un Place of Publication Ireland ISSN/ISBN 1879-0046; 0376-8716 Accession Number PMID: 21924844 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.08.021 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 21924844 Abstract BACKGROUND: Concerns about psychoactive prescription drug abuse among youth are growing worldwide, but the majority of published studies remain from the US and Canada impeding cross-cultural comparisons. This study examines the prevalence, sources, motivations and substance-use correlates of commonly abused medications among youth from Lebanon. METHODS: An IRB-approved cross-sectional study was conducted (May 2010) at the American University of Beirut. Proportionate cluster sampling was used to generate a representative sample of AUB students (n=570). A self-filled anonymous questionnaire was administered. RESULTS: Lifetime medical and nonmedical prevalence of medications were (respectively): pain (36.9%, 15.1%), anxiety (8.3%, 4.6%), sleeping (6.5%, 5.8%) and stimulants (2.6%, 3.5%). Gender differences were not observed. Lebanese were least likely to report non-medical use. Nonmedical users mostly used the drugs for their intended purpose (e.g., sleeping to help in sleep, stimulants to increase alertness). Parents and pharmacists (without a doctor's prescription) were the top two sources of all medications, except for stimulants (friends predominated). Diversion was observed in about 20% of the medical users. Lifetime marijuana users and past year alcohol abusers were three times as likely to use any prescription drug nonmedically. CONCLUSIONS: In Lebanon, as in Western cultures, a considerable proportion of youth may be self-medicating. The absence of medical supervision coupled with motivations such as "to get high" renders this issue a high priority on the national youth agenda. Besides larger more comprehensive surveys, the findings signal the immediate need to reinforce relevant policies, and raise awareness among youth, parents, health professionals and other stakeholders. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd Data Source Authors Ghandour,L.A., El Sayed,D.S., Martins,S.S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20110915 PMCID PMC3654541 Editors
Prevalence and Predictors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Complications in Community Subjects	2016	Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; Barrett's Esophagus Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.; Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic,	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Digestive diseases and sciences Periodical, Abbrev. Dig.Dis.Sci. Pub Date Free Form 10-Aug Volume Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes LR: 20160811; JID: 7902782; OTO: NOTNLM; 2016/04/19 [received]; 2016/07/22 [accepted]; 2016/08/10 [aheadofprint]; aheadofprint Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1573-2568; 0163-2116 Accession Number PMID: 27510751 Language ENG SubFile JOURNAL ARTICLE DOI 10.1007/s10620-016-4266-3 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27510751 Abstract BACKGROUND: Predictors of erosive esophagitis (EE) and Barrett's esophagus (BE) and the influence of number of risk factors in the community are not well defined. METHODS: Rates of BE and EE among community residents identified in a randomized screening trial were defined. The risk of EE and BE associated with single and multiple risk factors (gender, age, GERD, Caucasian ethnicity, ever tobacco use, excess alcohol use, family history of BE or EAC, and central obesity) was analyzed. RESULTS: Sixty-eight (33 %) of 205 subjects had EE and/or BE. BE prevalence was 7.8 % with dysplasia present in 1.5 %. Rates were comparable between subjects with and without GERD. Male sex and central obesity were independent risk factors. The odds of EE or BE were 3.7 times higher in subjects with three or four risk factors and 5.7 times higher in subjects with five or more risk factors compared with those with two or less factors. CONCLUSIONS: EE and BE are prevalent in the community regardless of the presence of GERD. Risk appeared to be additive, increasing substantially with three or more risk factors. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Crews,N.R., Johnson,M.L., Schleck,C.D., Enders,F.T., Wongkeesong,L.M., Wang,K.K., Katzka,D.A., Iyer,P.G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160810 PMCID Editors
Prevalence and predictors of habitual snoring in a sample of Saudi middle-aged adults	2015	Sleep Medicine and Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail. sowali@kau.edu.sa.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Saudi medical journal Periodical, Abbrev. Saudi Med.J. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 36 Issue 8 Start Page 920 Other Pages 927 Notes LR: 20150902; JID: 7909441; OID: NLM: PMC4549587; ppublish Place of Publication Saudi Arabia ISSN/ISBN 0379-5284; 0379-5284 Accession Number PMID: 26219441 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.15537/smj.2015.8.11848 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26219441 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of habitual snoring among a sample of middle-aged Saudi adults, and its potential predictors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2013 until June 2013 in randomly selected Saudi Schools in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The enrolled subjects were 2682 school employees (aged 30-60 years, 52.1% females) who were randomly selected and interviewed. The questionnaire used for the interview included: the Wisconsin Sleep Questionnaire to assess for snoring, medical history, and socio-demographic data. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure readings were recorded using standard methods. RESULTS: Forty percent of the 2682 enrolled subjects were snorers: 23.5% were habitual snorers, 16.6% were moderate snorers, and 59.9%, were non-snorers. A multivariate analysis revealed that independent predictors of snoring were ageing, male gender, daytime sleepiness, hypertension, family history of both snoring and obstructive sleep apnea, water-pipe smoking, and consanguinity. CONCLUSION: This study shows that snoring is a common condition among the Saudi population. Previously reported risk factors were reemphasized but consanguinity was identified as a new independent predictive risk factor of snoring. Exploring snoring history should be part of the clinical evaluation. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Wali,S.O., Abaalkhail,B.A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC4549587 Editors

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