WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Minimizing residual aluminum concentration in treated water by tailoring properties of polyaluminum coagulants	2013	Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, N13W8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form 15-Apr Volume 47 Issue 6 Start Page 2075 Other Pages 2084 Notes LR: 20131121; CI: Copyright (c) 2013; JID: 0105072; 0 (Aluminum Compounds); 0 (Colloids); 0 (Drinking Water); 0 (Humic Substances); 0 (Indicators and Reagents); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 1327-41-9 (aluminum oxychloride); 5QB0T2IUN0 (Aluminum Hydroxi Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1879-2448; 0043-1354 Accession Number PMID: 23422138 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.037 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23422138 Abstract Aluminum coagulants are widely used in water treatment plants to remove turbidity and dissolved substances. However, because high aluminum concentrations in treated water are associated with increased turbidity and because aluminum exerts undeniable human health effects, its concentration should be controlled in water treatment plants, especially in plants that use aluminum coagulants. In this study, the effect of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulant characteristics on dissolved residual aluminum concentrations after coagulation and filtration was investigated. The dissolved residual aluminum concentrations at a given coagulation pH differed among the PACls tested. Very-high-basicity PACl yielded low dissolved residual aluminum concentrations and higher natural organic matter (NOM) removal. The low residual aluminum concentrations were related to the low content of monomeric aluminum (Ala) in the PACl. Polymeric (Alb)/colloidal (Alc) ratio in PACl did not greatly influence residual aluminum concentration. The presence of sulfate in PACl contributed to lower residual aluminum concentration only when coagulation was performed at around pH 6.5 or lower. At a wide pH range (6.5-8.5), residual aluminum concentrations /=85%). The dissolved residual aluminum concentrations did not increase with increasing the dosage of high-basicity PACl, but did increase with increasing the dosage of normal-basicity PACl. We inferred that increasing the basicity of PACl afforded lower dissolved residual aluminum concentrations partly because the high-basicity PACls could have a small percentage of Ala, which tends to form soluble aluminum-NOM complexes with molecular weights of 100 kDa-0.45 mum. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier Ltd Data Source Authors Kimura,M., Matsui,Y., Kondo,K., Ishikawa,T.B., Matsushita,T., Shirasaki,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130131 PMCID Editors
Strength of smoke-free air laws and indoor air quality	2009	Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, 28 Yeungun-dong, Jongro-gu, Seoul 110-460, Korea. cleanair@snu.ac.kr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 11 Issue 4 Start Page 381 Other Pages 386 Notes LR: 20141210; GR: R01 HL086450-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Particulate Matter); OID: NLM: PMC2722240; 2009/04/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 19346510 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntp026 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19346510 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Smoke-free air laws have been implemented in many Kentucky communities to protect the public from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke exposure. The impact of different strengths of smoke-free air laws on indoor air quality was assessed. METHODS: Indoor air quality in hospitality venues was assessed in seven communities before and after comprehensive smoke-free air laws and in two communities only after partial smoke-free air laws. One community was measured three times: before any smoke-free air law, after the initial partial law, and after the law was strengthened to cover all workplaces and public places with few exemptions. Real-time measurements of particulate matters with 2.5 mum aerodynamic diameter or smaller (PM(2.5)) were obtained. RESULTS: When comprehensive smoke-free air laws were implemented, indoor PM(2.5) concentrations decreased significantly from 161 to 20 microg/m3. In one community that implemented a comprehensive smoke-free law after initially passing a partial law, indoor PM(2.5) concentrations were 304 microg/m3 before the law, 338 microg/m3 after the partial law, and 9 microg/m3 after the comprehensive law. DISCUSSION: The study clearly demonstrated that partial smoke-free air laws do not improve indoor air quality. A significant linear trend indicated that PM(2.5) levels in the establishments decreased with fewer numbers of burning cigarettes. Only comprehensive smoke-free air laws are effective in reducing indoor air pollution from secondhand tobacco smoke. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/prevention & control, Humans, Kentucky, Particle Size, Particulate Matter/analysis, Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lee,K., Hahn,E. J., Robertson,H. E., Lee,S., Vogel,S. L., Travers,M. J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090403 PMCID PMC2722240 Editors
Air quality in and around airport enclosed smoking rooms	2010	Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Jun Volume 12 Issue 6 Start Page 665 Other Pages 668 Notes JID: 9815751; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 2010/04/21 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 20410143 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntq054 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20410143 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Smoking rooms have been installed in some airports to allow indoor smoking. There have been few field studies to measure fine particle leakage in operational smoking rooms. The objective of the research was to assess air quality inside and outside the 4 smoking rooms located within a medium-sized, regional commercial airport. METHODS: Particulate matter less than 2.5-microm (PM(2.5)) concentrations were simultaneously measured inside and outside the 4 smoking rooms in the airport and in the public lobby. The monitoring was conducted during normal hours of operation. Numbers of people and smokers were counted. The airport had separate ventilation systems for all 4 rooms checked by the airport prior to monitoring, and they were operating properly. RESULTS: Although there were few smokers in each room, average PM(2.5) concentrations inside the smoking rooms were significantly higher than the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for 24 hr (35 microg/m(3)). Fine particles from secondhand smoke (SHS) leaked to the outside in 3 of the 4 smoking rooms, exposing workers and the public. DISCUSSION: Although the ventilation systems in the smoking rooms were operating properly, fine particles from SHS leaked to the surrounding smoke-free areas in the airport. Indoor space inside airports should be completely nonsmoking, and enclosed smoking rooms are not recommended. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Public Facilities, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lee,K., Hahn,E. J., Robertson,H. E., Whitten,L., Jones,L. K., Zahn,B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100421 PMCID Editors
Differential impacts of smoke-free laws on indoor air quality	2008	Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. cleanair@snu.ac.kr	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of environmental health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Environ.Health Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 70 Issue 8 Start Page 24 Other Pages 30, 54 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 0405525; 0 (Particulate Matter); 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); 0 (Tryptamines); BIK35ACJ0Q (indopan); ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 0022-0892; 0022-0892 Accession Number PMID: 18468220 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 18468220 Abstract The authors assessed the impacts of two different smoke-free laws on indoor air quality. They compared the indoor air quality of 10 hospitality venues in Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky, before and after the smoke-free laws went into effect. Real-time measurements of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microm or smaller (PM2.5) were made. One Lexington establishment was excluded from the analysis of results because of apparent smoking violation after the law went into effect. The average indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the nine Lexington venues decreased 91 percent, from 199 to 18 microg/m3. The average indoor PM2.5 concentrations in the 10 Louisville venues, however, increased slightly, from 304 to 338 microg/m3. PM2.5 levels in the establishments decreased as numbers of burning cigarettes decreased. While the Louisville partial smoke-free law with exemptions did not reduce indoor air pollution in the selected venues, comprehensive and properly enforced smoke-free laws can be an effective means of reducing indoor air pollution. Descriptors Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Environmental Exposure/analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Kentucky, Particulate Matter/analysis, Public Policy, Restaurants/legislation & jurisprudence, Smoking Cessation/legislation & jurisprudence, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis/legislation & jurisprudence, Tryptamines Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lee,K., Hahn,E. J., Pieper,N., Okoli,C. T., Repace,J., Troutman,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Micro-shear bond strength and morphological analysis of a self-etching primer adhesive system to fluorosed enamel	2005	Graduate School, Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan. dinesh.ope@tmd.ac.jp	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of dentistry Periodical, Abbrev. J.Dent. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 33 Issue 5 Start Page 419 Other Pages 426 Notes LR: 20121115; JID: 0354422; 0 (Clearfil SE Bond); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Phosphoric Acids); 0 (Resin Cements); E4GA8884NN (phosphoric acid); CIN: J Esthet Restor Dent. 2009;21(6):416-21. PMID: 20002931; 2004/07/27 [received]; 2004/11/06 [revised]; 2004/ Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0300-5712; 0300-5712 Accession Number PMID: 15833398 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; D; IM DOI S0300-5712(04)00184-8 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 15833398 Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate micro-shear bond strength and morphological analysis of a self-etching primer adhesive system to fluorosed enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Extracted human molars were classified according to the severity of fluorosis using Thylstrup and Fejerskov index into four groups (TFI: 0, normal; 1-3, mild fluorosis; 3-6, moderate fluorosis; 6-7, severe fluorosis) and divided into following two sub-groups. For the first sub-group, a self-etching primer adhesive system was applied to the ground enamel surfaces and the other sub-group was conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid for 30s prior to application of the same adhesive system. Teeth were then restored with a resin composite, stored for 24h in water and micro-shear bond strengths were measured. After shear testing, the fracture modes were observed under a laser scanning microscope. Morphological study of etching patterns and adhesive interface was done under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Sheffe test (p=0.05). RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was there between the different degrees of fluorosis in each sub-group. However, significant difference in the bond strengths between phosphoric acid etching and self-etching was found in moderate and severe groups. The SEM observations showed at the resin-enamel interface, thick resin tag like extensions penetrated around 3.5 microm into the enamel etched with phosphoric acid, while self-etching primer created, 1 microm lamina like penetration. CONCLUSION: Severity of fluorosis affects the micro-shear bond strength of a self-etching bonding system to fluorosed enamel. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental/methods, Analysis of Variance, Composite Resins, Dental Bonding, Dental Restoration Failure, Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods, Dental Stress Analysis, Enamel Microabrasion, Fluorosis, Dental/therapy, Humans, Linear Models, Materials Testing, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Phosphoric Acids, Resin Cements, Shear Strength Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Weerasinghe,D. S., Nikaido,T., Wettasinghe,K. A., Abayakoon,J. B., Tagami,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20050113 PMCID Editors
Identification of lactic acid bacteria associated with the production of plaa-som, a traditional fermented fish product of Thailand	2010	Graduate School, Department of Biotechnology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of food microbiology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Food Microbiol. Pub Date Free Form 15-Apr Volume 138 Issue 3 Start Page 200 Other Pages 204 Notes CI: (c) 2009; JID: 8412849; 0 (DNA, Bacterial); 0 (DNA, Ribosomal); 0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S); 2008/06/24 [received]; 2009/12/31 [revised]; 2010/01/17 [accepted]; 2010/01/28 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Netherlands ISSN/ISBN 1879-3460; 0168-1605 Accession Number PMID: 20167386 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.01.024 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20167386 Abstract Plaa-som is a Thai fermented fish product for which whole fish or fish fillets are fermented with either cooked rice or steamed sticky rice, salt, and garlic. A total of 762 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated during plaa-som fermentation by culture on CaCO(3)-MRS agar plates. They were screened and grouped by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), giving six groups that were identified by ribosomal DNA sequencing as Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus bovis, Weissella cibaria, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus fermentum. Freshly mixed ingredients contained low populations of LAB (less than 10 CFU/g) that subsequently grew during fermentation to final populations of approximately 10(7)CFU/g. Early stages of the process were dominated by the presence of Lc. garvieae, S. bovis, and W. cibaria. At 48 h into fermentation, W. cibaria, P. pentosaceus, and Lb. plantarum were prevalent, and gave way to a dominance of Lb. plantarum that completed the fermentation. A mixture of these LAB species could be considered as species for development of a starter culture for plaa-som fermentation. Descriptors Base Sequence, Colony Count, Microbial, DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification, DNA, Ribosomal/analysis, Fermentation, Fish Products/microbiology, Food Microbiology, Lactobacillaceae/genetics/growth & development/isolation & purification, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis, Thailand Links Book Title Database Publisher Elsevier B.V Data Source Authors Kopermsub,P., Yunchalard,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100128 PMCID Editors
Nosocomial legionellosis traced to a contaminated ice machine.	1997	Graman, P.S., Department of Medicine, Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Infection control and hospital epidemiology : the official journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America Periodical, Abbrev. Infect.Control Hosp.Epidemiol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 18 Issue 9 Start Page 637 Other Pages 640 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0899-823X Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate a case of nosocomial legionellosis, identify pathways of transmission, and effect control of the environmental source. DESIGN: Case investigation and environmental culture surveillance. SETTING: A 720-bed university teaching hospital. CASE PATIENT: A ventilator-dependent 66-year-old male developed nosocomial pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 after 3 months in an intensive-care unit (ICU). The patient had no intake of potable water except for ice chips from an ice machine in the ICU. RESULTS: Cultures revealed L pneumophila serogroup 6 in the ice (4.3 colony-forming units/mL) and ice machine cold water (too numerous to count). Cultures from adjacent hot and cold taps, plus taps located near the patient, all were negative; ice machines and cold water on seven other patient units also were negative. Only sterile water had been used for tube feedings, mouth care, suctioning, and ventilator humidification. Hospital hot water previously had been colonized with L pneumophila serogroup 6, but all surveillance water cultures had been negative since chlorination of the hot-water system began the previous year; cold-water cultures had never before grown Legionella. The ice machine was disinfected with a 2-hour flush of 2.625% sodium hypochlorite. The supply line to the ice machine was replaced, and the cold-water pipe from the floor below was treated with 83 ppm sodium hypochlorite for 48 hours. All follow-up surveillance cultures of the ice machine remained negative through mid-1996. No additional cases of nosocomial legionellosis occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Ice machines may be reservoirs of L pneumophila in hospitals. Both ice and water dispensed from these machines may be contaminated, and nosocomial transmission may occur. Successful long-term decontamination and control can be accomplished with shock chlorination. Descriptors ice, aged, article, case report, cross infection, disease carrier, disease transmission, devices, human, legionnaire disease, male, microbiology, teaching hospital, United States Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Graman,P. S., Quinlan,G. A., Rank,J. A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Superparamagnetic nanoparticles in tap water	2007	Grant, J.R., Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, United States	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 41 Issue 13 Start Page 3005 Other Pages 3011 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0043-1354 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Magnetization measurements are a useful tool in the characterization of corrosion products formed in municipal water pipes made of iron or steel. Fine particles formed in corrosion processes exhibit superparamagnetic behavior. The size of such particles, which determines their capacity to adsorb hazardous species, can therefore be found from magnetic measurements. Application of this methodology to samples extracted from flowing and stagnant tap water, respectively, has shown that the flowing water samples contained multidomain (>100 nm) ferromagnetic particles as well as aggregates of very fine superparamagnetic subdomain particles. The sizes of the fine particles are of the order of 3.2-5.6 nm. In addition to small subdomain superparamagnetic particles stagnant water samples also contained larger subdomain particles with average dimensions of 59-67 nm. Both large and small subdomain particles were trapped by the fine charcoal in household filters. Â© 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Descriptors charcoal, drinking water, ferromagnetic material, iron, nanoparticle, steel, tap water, article, corrosion, magnetism, particle size, priority journal, water analysis, water flow, water sampling Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Senftle,F. E., Thorpe,A. N., Grant,J. R., Barkatt,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
The effect of aging on bone mineral metabolism and bone mass in Native American women	1998	GRECC, St. Louis VA Medical Center, Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis University Medical School, Missouri, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the American Geriatrics Society Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Geriatr.Soc. Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 46 Issue 11 Start Page 1418 Other Pages 1422 Notes LR: 20131121; GR: 5R01-AG-10436/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States; JID: 7503062; 104982-03-8 (Osteocalcin); P6YZ13C99Q (Calcifediol); ppublish Place of Publication UNITED STATES ISSN/ISBN 0002-8614; 0002-8614 Accession Number PMID: 9809765 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; IM; S DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 9809765 Abstract OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of age on mineral metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip and spine in Native American women. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: The Sac and Fox Nation in rural Oklahoma MEASUREMENTS: Serum measurements were made of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), osteocalcin, and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone. Bone mineral density of the hip and spine was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 77 Native American women aged 19 to 85 years. RESULTS: Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D was related inversely to age (r = -0.32; P or = -0.48, P or = 0.41, P < .005) were independent determinants of both femoral and lumbar BMD. Serum 25OHD was a significant independent determinant of both lumbar (r = .26, P < .05) and femoral (r = .41, P < .01) BMD. Age, BMI, and serum 25OHD together accounted for 70% of the variance in BMD at these sites. The use of t scores indicated femoral bone density was higher (P < .05) in premenopausal Native American women, and lower (P < 0.05) in postmenopausal subjects, compared with white women. CONCLUSIONS: In Native American women, there is a reduction in bone density and a sustained increase in bone turnover postmenopausally. BMI and serum 25OHD are significant determinants of BMD. Peak BMD may be higher, and the postmenopausal rate of bone loss greater, than that in white women. Descriptors Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging/physiology, Bone Density/physiology, Calcifediol/blood, Cross-Sectional Studies, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Femur/metabolism/radionuclide imaging, Humans, Indians, North American, Lumbar Vertebrae/metabolism/radionuclide imaging, Menopause/physiology, Middle Aged, Oklahoma, Osteocalcin/blood, Osteoporosis/ethnology/metabolism/radionuclide imaging Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Perry,H. M.,3rd, Bernard,M., Horowitz,M., Miller,D. K., Fleming,S., Baker,M. Z., Flaherty,J., Purushothaman,R., Hajjar,R., Kaiser,F. E., Patrick,P., Morley,J. E. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Sensitive determination of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole in water samples by ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction prior to gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis	2010	Grupo de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Quimica Analitica (QUIANID) (LISAMEN, CCT CONICET - Mendoza), Av. Ruiz Leal S/N, Parque General San Martin, Mendoza, Argentina.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Talanta Periodical, Abbrev. Talanta Pub Date Free Form 15-Jun Volume 81 Issue 5-Apr Start Page 1536 Other Pages 1541 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 2984816R; 0 (2,4,6-trichloroanisole); 0 (Anisoles); 0 (Emulsifying Agents); 0 (Phosphates); 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical); 7V31YC746X (Chloroform); 2009/10/27 [received]; 2010/02/24 [revised]; 2010/02/25 [accepted]; 2010/03/06 [aheadof Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1873-3573; 0039-9140 Accession Number PMID: 20441935 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.02.065 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20441935 Abstract A novel application of an ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) technique is proposed for the extraction and preconcentration of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (2,4,6-TCA) from water samples prior to its determination by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). USAEME employs a non-polar high-density solvent (extractant solvent), which forms an oil-in-water emulsion (O/W) in the aqueous sample bulk assisted by ultrasonic radiation. Several factors including, solvent type and volume, extraction time, extraction temperature, shaking mode and matrix modifiers were studied and optimized over the relative recovery of the target analyte. An aliquot of 5mL water sample was conditioned by adding 150microL 6.15molL(-1) sodium chloride and 300microL 0.05molL(-1) phosphate buffer (pH 6), and finally extracted with 40microL chloroform by using USAEME technique. Under the optimal experimental conditions 2,4,6-TCA was quantitatively extracted achieving an enrichment factor (EF) of 555. The detection limit (LOD), calculated as three times the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), was 0.2ngL(-1) and the RSD was 6.3% (n=5) when 1ngL(-1) 2,4,6-TCA standard mixture was analyzed. The coefficients of estimation of the calibration curves obtained following the proposed methodology was >or=0.997 and the linear working range was 1-5000ngL(-1). Finally, the proposed technique was successfully applied for extraction and determination of the 2,4,6-TCA in water samples. Recovery studies lead values >or=94%, which showed a successfully robustness of the analytical methodology for determination of nanogram per liter of 2,4,6-TCA in water samples. Descriptors Analytic Sample Preparation Methods/methods, Anisoles/analysis, Calibration, Chloroform/chemistry, Chromatography, Gas/methods, Emulsifying Agents/chemistry, Mass Spectrometry/methods, Phosphates/chemistry, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods, Temperature, Ultrasonics, Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis, Water Purification Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Fontana,A. R., Altamirano,J. C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100306 PMCID Editors

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