WTS database

Title	Pub Year	Author Sort descending	SearchLink
Biofouling reduction in recirculating cooling systems through biofiltration of process water	2003	Gerritse, J., TNO Environment, Energy and Process Innovation, 7300 AH Apeldoorn, Netherlands	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water research Periodical, Abbrev. Water Res. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 37 Issue 3 Start Page 525 Other Pages 532 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0043-1354 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Biofouling is a serious problem in industrial recirculating cooling systems. It damages equipment, through biocorrosion, and causes clogging and increased energy consumption, through decreased heat transfer. In this research a fixed-bed biofilter was developed which removed assimilable organic carbon (AOC) from process water, thus limiting the major substrate for the growth of biofouling. The biofilter was tested in a laboratory model recirculating cooling water system, including a heat exchanger and a cooling tower. A second identical model system without a biofilter served as a reference. Both installations were challenged with organic carbon (sucrose and yeast extract) to provoke biofouling. The biofilter improved the quality of the recirculating cooling water by reducing the AOC content, the ATP concentration, bacterial numbers (30-40 fold) and the turbidity (OD660). The process of biofouling in the heat exchangers, the process water pipelines and the cooling towers, was monitored by protein increase, heat transfer resistance, and chlorine demanded for maintenance. This revealed that biofouling was lower in the system with the biofilter compared to the reference installation. It was concluded that AOC removal through biofiltration provides an attractive, environmental-friendly means to reduce biofouling in industrial cooling systems. Â© 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Descriptors adenosine triphosphate, cooling water, organic carbon, protein, sucrose, article, bacterial count, biofilter, biofiltration, biofouling, cooling, fouling prevention, heat transfer, model, pipeline, priority journal, turbidity, water quality, yeast Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Meesters,K. P. H., Van Groenestijn,J. W., Gerritse,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Piperidine alkaloids in sitka spruce with varying levels of resistance to white pine weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).	2002	Gerson, E.A., USDA Forest Service, PNW Research Station, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of economic entomology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Econ.Entomol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 95 Issue 3 Start Page 608 Other Pages 613 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0022-0493 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Our objective was to evaluate piperidine alkaloids as potential resistance factors in Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr, at risk to attack by white pine weevils, Pissodes strobi (Peck). We sampled 72 seedlings in each of two replicated field trials in the Oregon Coast Range. The seedlings were grown from open-pollinated seeds of putatively "resistant" or "susceptible" off-site parental sources. Alkaloid concentrations in bark and foliage were measured in previously unattacked trees at the time of weevil host selection. Leader mortality was evaluated in the fall to gauge actual resistance in the sample trees. Five families had 50% topkill. Alkaloid concentrations differed significantly among families, but the major alkaloids did not appear to be functionally linked with topkill or useful indicators of resistance. However, our study design did not address all potential resistance mechanisms. Therefore, before concluding that Sitka spruce alkaloids have no influence on white pine weevils, complementary laboratory and field experiments are needed. Descriptors alkaloid, piperidine, piperidine derivative, animal, article, beetle, biological pest control, metabolism, methodology, spruce Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Gerson,E. A., Kelsey,R. G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Benzene emissions in the neighbourhood of filling stations	1995	Gesundheitsamt der Stadt Frankfurt am Main.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Zentralblatt fur Hygiene und Umweltmedizin = International journal of hygiene and environmental medicine Periodical, Abbrev. Zentralbl.Hyg.Umweltmed. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 196 Issue 5 Start Page 416 Other Pages 424 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8912563; 0 (Air Pollutants); 0 (Benzene Derivatives); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Vehicle Emissions); 0 (Xylenes); 3FPU23BG52 (Toluene); J64922108F (Benzene); L5I45M5G0O (ethylbenzene); ppublish Place of Publication GERMANY ISSN/ISBN 0934-8859; 0934-8859 Accession Number PMID: 7537043 Language ger SubFile Comparative Study; English Abstract; Journal Article; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 7537043 Abstract BTXE-Immissions (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) were measured in 32 flats in the neighbourhood of 12 filling stations in Frankfurt on the Main. Mean benzene-concentration in the indoor air nearby filling stations was 10.2 micrograms/m3, whereas in reference flats 5.6 micrograms/m3 were measured. Maximum levels were 22.4 micrograms/m3 and 8.0 micrograms/m3. Indoor air levels were slightly higher than outdoor air contaminations. High Toluene-concentrations were not caused by the filling stations but by other commercial enterprises, such as paint shops. Mean ethylbenzene or xylene-concentrations in the neighbourhood of filling stations did not differ from the concentrations measured in the reference flats. Because of the cancerogenicity of benzene the benzene-contaminations in the neighbourhood of filling stations have to be lowered. The newly established German law to prevent gas leakage in filling stations will lead to some improvement in the future. Descriptors Air Pollutants/analysis, Benzene/analysis, Benzene Derivatives/analysis, Carcinogens/analysis, Germany, Humans, Toluene/analysis, Urban Health, Vehicle Emissions, Xylenes/analysis Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Heudorf,U., Hentschel,W. Original/Translated Title Benzol-Immissionen in Wohnungen im Umfeld von Tankstellen URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Interlude: CT of a congolese water pipe	2007	Ghysels, M., SCANTIX, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal Belge de Radiologie Periodical, Abbrev. J.Belge Radiol. Pub Date Free Form / Volume 90 Issue 3 Start Page 154 Other Pages Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0021-7646 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Descriptors tobacco smoke, water, article, artifact, computer assisted tomography, Congo, devices, human, lung, medical research, priority journal, smoking and smoking related phenomena, throat, tube Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Ghysels,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Smokers deprived of cigarettes for 72 h: effect of nicotine patches on craving and withdrawal	2002	GlaxoSmithKline SpA, Medicine Research Centre, Via A. Fleming N 4, 37135 Verona, Italy. vt46971@gsk.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Psychopharmacology Periodical, Abbrev. Psychopharmacology (Berl) Pub Date Free Form Nov Volume 164 Issue 2 Start Page 177 Other Pages 187 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 7608025; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); K5161X06LL (Cotinine); WI4X0X7BPJ (Hydrocortisone); 2002/01/23 [received]; 2002/06/17 [accepted]; 2002/08/27 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 0033-3158; 0033-3158 Accession Number PMID: 12404080 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM DOI 10.1007/s00213-002-1176-1 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 12404080 Abstract RATIONALE: Research on the effects of nicotine abstinence and nicotine replacement has not provided consistent information about the impact of replacement therapies on tobacco withdrawal and craving. OBJECTIVE: . This study investigated craving and withdrawal symptoms over a 72-h period of abstinence from cigarettes. METHODS: . Twenty-four healthy volunteers, not intending to quit smoking, were housed in an experimental unit during three 72-h conditions, consisting of either free smoking, enforced smoking cessation with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) patches, or enforced smoking cessation with placebo patches. The conditions were adhered to using a randomized crossover design, each separated by at least 10 days of washout. Patches, administered in a double-blind fashion, were given as nicotine (21 mg/24 h) and placebo every 24 h. Self-reported cigarette craving and withdrawal were assessed using multi-item scales at fixed intervals over each condition period. Urinary and plasma cortisol levels were also assayed at fixed intervals over each period. RESULTS: Craving intensity was significantly lower with free smoke than with placebo and with NRT patches than with placebo. No difference in craving levels was found between those who smoked or those who had NRT patches. Withdrawal symptoms were significantly lower with free smoke than with either placebo or NRT patches, but there was no difference in levels of withdrawal between those on NRT patches and those on placebo. During the placebo and NRT patch periods, craving intensity displayed a circadian rhythm, with craving levels lowest in the morning and peaking in the evening. Nicotine delivered via the patch had no impact on these circadian variations in craving. There was no evidence of systematic temporal variations in craving levels during the free smoking period. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggested that craving and withdrawal symptoms may be sustained by different physiological pathways, and that only selected components of cigarette craving are influenced by NRT. Descriptors Administration, Cutaneous, Adult, Blood Pressure/drug effects, Carbon Monoxide/metabolism, Cotinine/chemistry, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Female, Heart Rate/drug effects, Humans, Hydrocortisone/blood/metabolism/urine, Male, Nicotine/administration & dosage/therapeutic use, Random Allocation, Saliva/drug effects/metabolism, Smoking/drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology, Smoking Cessation, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/drug therapy/physiopathology/psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Teneggi,V., Tiffany,S. T., Squassante,L., Milleri,S., Ziviani,L., Bye,A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20020827 PMCID Editors
Interventions for recruiting smokers into cessation programmes	2012	Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 12-Dec Volume 12 Issue Start Page CD009187 Other Pages Notes LR: 20130628; GR: Department of Health/United Kingdom; JID: 100909747; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 23235672 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD009187.pub2 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23235672 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco control is a top public health priority around the globe due to the high prevalence of cigarette smoking and its associated morbidity and mortality. Much effort has been focused on establishing the effectiveness of different smoking cessation strategies. This review, however, aims to address the initial challenge faced by smoking cessation programmes: recruitment of smokers. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this review was to determine the effectiveness of different strategies for recruiting smokers into cessation programmes. The secondary objective was to determine the impact that these strategies had on smoking cessation rates at least six months after enrolment into a cessation programme. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the specialised register of the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group using a search strategy which included the terms ('recruit$', 'invit$', 'enter', 'entry', 'enrolment') combined with ('smok$', 'cigarette', 'smoking cessation', 'tobacco') in the title, abstract or keyword fields. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and registers of current and ongoing trials. We also searched the reference lists of included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials and cluster randomised controlled trials that compared at least two different methods of recruiting current smokers into a smoking cessation programme. We also included those studies which focused on the effectiveness of a smoking cessation programme as long as the study involved multiple recruitment methods and reported results of the recruitment phase. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: From each included study, we extracted data on the type of participants, type of recruitment strategies (i.e., setting, mode of communication used, intensity and duration) and comparisons, and on randomisation, allocation concealment, and blinding procedures.Our primary outcome was the proportion of smokers successfully recruited to each cessation programme compared to alternative modalities of recruitment. Our secondary outcome was smoking cessation for at least six months. Given the substantial heterogeneity across recruitment interventions and participants, we adopted a narrative synthesis approach for summarising results. MAIN RESULTS: This review includes 19 studies with a total of 14,890 participants. We categorised the included studies according to the modes used to deliver the recruitment strategy: head to head comparison of individual recruitment strategies; comparison of the same delivery mode but with different content or intensity; and the addition of another mode to an existing recruitment method.We identified three studies that made head-to-head comparisons of different types of recruitment strategies. Of these, only one study detected a significant effect, finding that a personal phone call was more effective than a generic invitation letter (RR 40.73, 95% CI 2.53 to 654.74). Five studies compared interventions using the same delivery modes but different content. Results showed that tailored messages through an interactive voice response system resulted in a higher recruitment rate than assessment of smoking status alone using the same system (RR 8.64, 95% CI 4.41 to 16.93), and that text messages indicating scarcity of places available were more effective than generic text message reminders (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.96). One study compared interventions using the same delivery mode but different intensity and found that allowing for more phone call attempts to reach potential participants can result in better recruitment (RR 1.87, 95% CI 1.61 to 2.18). Finally, 10 studies investigated the effect of adding a recruitment mode to existing recruitment strategies. Findings showed that: adding a text message reminder or real quotes from participants to a personal phone call improved recruitment of participants (RR 3.38, 95% CI 1.26 to 9.08 and RR 29.07, 95% CI 1.74 to 485.70 Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Marcano Belisario,J.S., Bruggeling,M.N., Gunn,L.H., Brusamento,S., Car,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20121212 PMCID Editors
Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy	2013	Global Health and Society Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, L3/89 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3181.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Periodical, Abbrev. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. Pub Date Free Form 23-Oct Volume (10):CD001055. doi Issue 10 Start Page CD001055 Other Pages Notes LR: 20160602; GR: 12/183/17/Department of Health/United Kingdom; JID: 100909747; EMS58399; OID: NLM: EMS58399; OID: NLM: PMC4022453; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-493X; 1361-6137 Accession Number PMID: 24154953 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; Review; IM DOI 10.1002/14651858.CD001055.pub4 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24154953 Abstract BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking in pregnancy remains one of the few preventable factors associated with complications in pregnancy, stillbirth, low birthweight and preterm birth and has serious long-term implications for women and babies. Smoking in pregnancy is decreasing in high-income countries, but is strongly associated with poverty and increasing in low- to middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy on smoking behaviour and perinatal health outcomes. SEARCH METHODS: In this fifth update, we searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (1 March 2013), checked reference lists of retrieved studies and contacted trial authors to locate additional unpublished data. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials, cluster-randomised trials, randomised cross-over trials, and quasi-randomised controlled trials (with allocation by maternal birth date or hospital record number) of psychosocial smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion and trial quality, and extracted data. Direct comparisons were conducted in RevMan, and subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis were conducted in SPSS. MAIN RESULTS: Eighty-six trials were included in this updated review, with 77 trials (involving over 29,000 women) providing data on smoking abstinence in late pregnancy.In separate comparisons, counselling interventions demonstrated a significant effect compared with usual care (27 studies; average risk ratio (RR) 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19 to 1.75), and a borderline effect compared with less intensive interventions (16 studies; average RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.82). However, a significant effect was only seen in subsets where counselling was provided in conjunction with other strategies. It was unclear whether any type of counselling strategy is more effective than others (one study; RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.53). In studies comparing counselling and usual care (the largest comparison), it was unclear whether interventions prevented smoking relapse among women who had stopped smoking spontaneously in early pregnancy (eight studies; average RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.21). However, a clear effect was seen in smoking abstinence at zero to five months postpartum (10 studies; average RR 1.76, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.95), a borderline effect at six to 11 months (six studies; average RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.77), and a significant effect at 12 to 17 months (two studies, average RR 2.20, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.96), but not in the longer term. In other comparisons, the effect was not significantly different from the null effect for most secondary outcomes, but sample sizes were small.Incentive-based interventions had the largest effect size compared with a less intensive intervention (one study; RR 3.64, 95% CI 1.84 to 7.23) and an alternative intervention (one study; RR 4.05, 95% CI 1.48 to 11.11).Feedback interventions demonstrated a significant effect only when compared with usual care and provided in conjunction with other strategies, such as counselling (two studies; average RR 4.39, 95% CI 1.89 to 10.21), but the effect was unclear when compared with a less intensive intervention (two studies; average RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.45 to 3.12).The effect of health education was unclear when compared with usual care (three studies; average RR 1.51, 95% CI 0.64 to 3.59) or less intensive interventions (two studies; average RR 1.50, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.31).Social support interventions appeared effective when provided by peers (five studies; average RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.19), but the effect was unclear in a single trial of support provided by partners.The effects were mixed where the smoking interventions were provided as part of broader interventions to improve maternal health, rather than targeted smoking cessation interventions.Subgroup analyses on primary outcome for all s Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chamberlain,C., O'Mara-Eves,A., Oliver,S., Caird,J.R., Perlen,S.M., Eades,S.J., Thomas,J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131023 PMCID PMC4022453 Editors
Overview of systematic reviews on the health-related effects of government tobacco control policies	2015	Global Strategy Lab, Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa, 57 Louis Pasteur Street, Ottawa, K1N 6N5, ON, Canada. steven.hoffman@uottawa.ca.; Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics and McMaster Health Forum, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON,	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMC public health Periodical, Abbrev. BMC Public Health Pub Date Free Form 5-Aug Volume 15 Issue Start Page 744 Other Pages 015-2041-6 Notes LR: 20150807; GR: Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada; JID: 100968562; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OID: NLM: PMC4526291; 2015/03/01 [received]; 2015/07/08 [accepted]; 2015/08/05 [aheadofprint]; epublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1471-2458; 1471-2458 Accession Number PMID: 26242915 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review; IM DOI 10.1186/s12889-015-2041-6 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 26242915 Abstract BACKGROUND: Government interventions are critical to addressing the global tobacco epidemic, a major public health problem that continues to deepen. We systematically synthesize research evidence on the effectiveness of government tobacco control policies promoted by the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), supporting the implementation of this international treaty on the tenth anniversary of it entering into force. METHODS: An overview of systematic reviews was prepared through systematic searches of five electronic databases, published up to March 2014. Additional reviews were retrieved from monthly updates until August 2014, consultations with tobacco control experts and a targeted search for reviews on mass media interventions. Reviews were assessed according to predefined inclusion criteria, and ratings of methodological quality were either extracted from source databases or independently scored. RESULTS: Of 612 reviews retrieved, 45 reviews met the inclusion criteria and 14 more were identified from monthly updates, expert consultations and a targeted search, resulting in 59 included reviews summarizing over 1150 primary studies. The 38 strong and moderate quality reviews published since 2000 were prioritized in the qualitative synthesis. Protecting people from tobacco smoke was the most strongly supported government intervention, with smoke-free policies associated with decreased smoking behaviour, secondhand smoke exposure and adverse health outcomes. Raising taxes on tobacco products also consistently demonstrated reductions in smoking behaviour. Tobacco product packaging interventions and anti-tobacco mass media campaigns may decrease smoking behaviour, with the latter likely an important part of larger multicomponent programs. Financial interventions for smoking cessation are most effective when targeted at smokers to reduce the cost of cessation products, but incentivizing quitting may be effective as well. Although the findings for bans on tobacco advertising were inconclusive, other evidence suggests they remain an important intervention. CONCLUSION: When designing and implementing tobacco control programs, governments should prioritize smoking bans and price increases of tobacco products followed by other interventions. Additional studies are needed on the various factors that can influence a policy's effectiveness and feasibility such as cost, local context, political barriers and implementation strategies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Hoffman,S.J., Tan,C. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20150805 PMCID PMC4526291 Editors
Tensile bond strength of Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated human dentin and analysis of dentin-resin interface	2007	Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials Periodical, Abbrev. Dent.Mater. Pub Date Free Form May Volume 23 Issue 5 Start Page 570 Other Pages 578 Notes LR: 20131121; JID: 8508040; 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dentin-Bonding Agents); 0 (Methacrylates); 0 (One Coat Bond); 0 (Resin Cements); 0 (palfique estelite); 059QF0KO0R (Water); 2005/07/05 [received]; 2006/03/06 [revised]; 2006/03/09 [accepted]; 2006/07/03 Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 0109-5641; 0109-5641 Accession Number PMID: 16820200 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; D DOI S0109-5641(06)00104-7 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 16820200 Abstract OBJECTIVES: As the bond strength of composite resin to Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated dentin has not yet been evaluated, the objectives of this study were to investigate the tensile bond strength and to analyze the resin-dentin interface among bur-cut/acid-etched, Er,Cr:YSGG laser-ablated/acid-etched and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-ablated human dentin. METHODS: Crown dentin disks prepared from extracted human third permanent molars were used for the observation of surface morphological changes by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The laser energy parameters were 3.5 W and 20 Hz with water spray (air pressure level, 80%; water pressure level, maximum level). Another group of crown dentin disks were prepared for composite resin restoration and observation of resin-dentin bond interface after demineralization in 6N hydrochloric acid (HCl) for 1 min and deproteinization in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl) for 10 min. The tensile bond strengths of the three groups were measured by a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Fracture types at the dentin-resin interface were analyzed using the digital stereoscopic microscope and fractured surfaces of the debonded specimens were examined by SEM. RESULTS: All three groups showed that the treated surfaces were free of dentin debris and smear layer. The peritubular dentin protruded from the surrounding intertubular dentin after laser irradiation. The dentin-resin interface treated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and acid etching demonstrated numerous resin tags converging into a bulge and then diverging again. The length of resin tags was greater than 100 microm. The tensile bond strengths of bur-cut/acid-etched, laser-ablated/acid-etched and laser-ablated human dentin were 5.37+/-1.51, 5.17+/-1.41 and 3.29+/-0.86 MPa, respectively. No statistical significance was found between the bur-cut/acid-etched and laser-ablated/acid-etched groups. The predominant fracture modes of bur-cut/acid-etched, laser-ablated/acid-etched and laser-ablated human dentin were Type 1 (50%), Type 2 (70%) and Type 1 (70%), respectively. SIGNIFICANCE: Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation affects adversely adhesion of resin to dentin but acid etching following laser irradiation could increase the tensile bond strength as high as that of bur-cut/acid-etched human dentin. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental, Adolescent, Adult, Composite Resins/chemistry, Dental Bonding, Dental Cavity Preparation/instrumentation/methods, Dentin/ultrastructure, Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry, Humans, Lasers, Materials Testing, Methacrylates/chemistry, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Resin Cements/chemistry, Smear Layer, Stress, Mechanical, Surface Properties, Tensile Strength, Water/chemistry Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Lee,B. S., Lin,P. Y., Chen,M. H., Hsieh,T. T., Lin,C. P., Lai,J. Y., Lan,W. H. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20060703 PMCID Editors
One-year effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on chronic periodontitis	2011	Graduate Periodontics, Saint Louis University Center for Advanced Dental Education, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA. garciamn@slu.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of periodontology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Periodontol. Pub Date Free Form Jan Volume 82 Issue 1 Start Page 25 Other Pages 32 Notes LR: 20141205; GR: P30 AR057235/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 DE016918/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: R21 DE016918/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 RR024992/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 RR024992/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1943-3670; 0022-3492 Accession Number PMID: 20809866 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; D; IM DOI 10.1902/jop.2010.100207 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 20809866 Abstract BACKGROUND: A previous study reported by this group found that patients in periodontal maintenance programs taking vitamin D and calcium supplementation had a trend for better periodontal health compared to patients not taking supplementation. The objective of the present study is to determine, for the same cohort of subjects, whether such differences persist over a 1-year period. METHODS: Fifty-one patients enrolled in maintenance programs from two dental clinics were recruited. Of these, 23 were taking vitamin D (>/=400 IU/day) and calcium (>/=1,000 mg/day) supplementation, and 28 were not. All subjects had at least two interproximal sites with >/=3 mm clinical attachment loss. For mandibular-posterior teeth, gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, attachment loss, bleeding on probing, calculus index, and furcation involvement were evaluated. Photostimulable-phosphor, posterior bitewing radiographs were taken to assess alveolar bone. Daily vitamin D and calcium intakes were estimated by nutritional analysis. Data were collected at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS: Total daily calcium and vitamin D intakes were 1,769 mg (95% confidence interval, 1,606 to 1,933) and 1,049 IU (781 to 1,317) in the taker group, and 642 mg (505 to 779) and 156 IU (117 to 195) in the non-taker group, respectively (P Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Garcia,M.N., Hildebolt,C.F., Miley,D.D., Dixon,D.A., Couture,R.A., Spearie,C.L., Langenwalter,E.M., Shannon,W.D., Deych,E., Mueller,C., Civitelli,R. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20100901 PMCID PMC3472001 Editors

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