WTS database

Title Sort descending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Potential reduced exposure products (PREPs) for smokeless tobacco users: clinical evaluation methodology	2008	Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0205, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 10 Issue 9 Start Page 1441 Other Pages 1448 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: CA103827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA103827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA103827-03/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; 0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Carcinogens); 0 (Nitrosamines); 64091-91-4 (4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamin Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1462-2203; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 19023835 Language eng SubFile Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1080/14622200802323258 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19023835 Abstract Several potential reduced exposure products (PREPs) for smokeless tobacco (SLT) users are marketed in the United States, though their effects are largely unknown. These products include some that are low in tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNs), like Stonewall, a pressed tobacco tablet, and General snus, a moist snuff product produced in Sweden. Methodology assessing the toxicant exposure and effects of cigarette-like PREPs for smokers has been developed, and might be modified for use in evaluating PREPs for SLT users. This report describes two studies examining the toxicant exposure and effects of two PREPs for SLT users. Study 1 (n = 13) consisted of four 4.5-hr laboratory sessions where SLT products (own brand, Stonewall, General snus, and tobacco-free placebo) were used for four 30-min episodes and nicotine exposure and tobacco/nicotine abstinence symptoms were measured. Study 2 (n = 19) consisted of four 5-day ad libitum use periods when participants used own brand, Stonewall, General snus, or no SLT and urinary levels of metabolites of nicotine (cotinine) and the TSN 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNAL) and abstinence symptoms were measured. Compared with own brand, Stonewall was associated with lower levels of cotinine and NNAL, while General snus was associated with similar levels of cotinine and lower levels of NNAL. Abstinence symptoms generally did not differ across tobacco conditions. These results show that clinical laboratory methods can be used to evaluate the toxicant exposure and abstinence symptom suppression associated with PREPs for SLT users. Descriptors Adult, Biomarkers/blood/urine, Carbon Monoxide/metabolism, Carcinogens/analysis, Cotinine/blood/urine, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Harm Reduction, Humans, Inhalation Exposure/analysis, Male, Middle Aged, Nicotine/analysis, Nitrosamines/blood/urine, Tobacco Use Cessation/methods, Tobacco, Smokeless/metabolism Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Gray,J. N., Breland,A. B., Weaver,M., Eissenberg,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID PMC3212707 Editors
Poverty and malaria: a study in a Thai-Myanmar border area.	2001	Panvisavas, S., Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Southeast Asian J.Trop.Med.Public Health Pub Date Free Form / Volume 32 Issue 3 Start Page 608 Other Pages 614 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0125-1562 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract An eight-month qualitative study was conducted in 1999 in four villages of Bong Tee subdistrict, Kanchanaburi Province located along the Thai-Myanmar border area using in-depth interviews of key informants and malaria survey as research methodologies. Malaria was a serious problem in 39.6% of the families surveyed in June 1999. The four villages located in a valley covered with forests and small streams which were ideal for malaria epidemic. The structure of the villages has been changed from stable communities to disrupted ones divided along ethnic and class lines. There were 5 ethnic groups dominated by ethnic Karen. Villagers were poor and thus deprived of anti-malaria resources which allow them to remain exposed to malaria. Descriptors article, economics, ethnology, health care organization, human, malaria, Myanmar, poverty, Thailand Links Book Title Database MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Panvisavas,S. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Practical condition assessment options for critical trunk watermains	2003	Nicholas, D., Hunter Water Australia Pty Ltd, HRMC, Newcastle, NSW 2310, Australia	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Science and Technology: Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Sc.Technol.Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 2003/ Volume 3 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 1 Other Pages 9 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 1606-9749 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A review, originally carried out for Sydney Water Corporation, of a complete range of direct and indirect methodologies used to assess the condition of buried cast iron and steel water pipelines is presented. These techniques include pipe sampling, pit depth measurement, soil testing using various parameters, as well as other non-destructive testing (NDT) based on various electromagnetic principles. Both the literature and comprehensive field trials have shown that soil testing using linear polarisation resistance (LPR) methodologies as an input to statistical analysis packages is a cost-effective technique. Direct evaluation using remote field eddy current intelligent pigs can also be very useful for the direct examination of critical watermains but is limited to smaller sizes of DN 150-DN 375. Descriptors iron, steel, conference paper, corrosion, cost effectiveness analysis, Eddy covariance, electromagnetic field, methodology, pipeline, sampling, soil analysis, statistical analysis, water standard, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Nicholas,D., Heathcote,M., Moore,G. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Practical experience with rapid methods for controlling the microbiological quality of drinking water and disinfection efficiency	1999	Wiegand-Rosinus, M., Stadtwerke Mainz AG, D-55118 Mainz, Germany	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Supply Periodical, Abbrev. Water Supply Pub Date Free Form 1999/ Volume 17 Issue 2 Start Page 87 Other Pages 90 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0735-1917 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Application of microbiological methods according to the German and other national drinking water regulations affords at least 48 hours and more to obtain a final result. To shorten this time and the cost-intensive delays, two different rapid methods for the detection of enterobacteria resp. E. coli and coliform bacteria are used in the laboratory of the municipal water works Mainz. One method is based on an immunological technique detecting Enterobacteriaceae by recognizing the enterobacterial common antigen (ECA). The other method is based on the biochemical determination of different enzymatic reactions specific for E. coli and coliform bacteria. Principal application is the control of processes which require rapid results such as sanitated or newly constructed drinking water pipelines and the verification of disinfection efficiency after fecal contaminations. Descriptors bacterial enzyme, drinking water, bacterium isolation, coliform bacterium, conference paper, disinfection, Enterobacteriaceae, enzyme activity, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, Germany, pipeline, quality control, water contamination, water quality, water supply Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Wiegand-Rosinus,M., Obst,U. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Pragia fontium gen. nov., sp. nov. of the family Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from water	1988	Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Prague	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Syst.Bacteriol. Pub Date Free Form 1988/ Volume 38 Issue 2 Start Page 183 Other Pages 189 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0020-7713 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Pragia is proposed as a new genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae. Pragia fontium is proposed for the single Pragia species, in which 18 strains are known, all of which were isolated in Czechoslovakia. P. fontium strains give positive tests for Simmons citrate, H2S production, motility, acid production from D-glucose and D-galactose, and gluconate oxidation. The majority of strains are positive in tests for methyl red and esculin. Acid production from glycerol, salicin, and D-xylose varies among strains, whereas all strains are negative in Voges-Proskauer tests and tests for indole production, urea hydrolysis, phenylalanine deaminase, lysine and ornithine decarboxylases, arginine dihydrolase, gelatin hydrolysis, growth in KCN, malonate utilization, gas production from D-glucose, lipase, deoxyribonuclease, tyrosine clearing, and acid production from carbohydrates other than those noted above. The levels of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) relatedness of seven P. fontium strains to labeled DNA from the type strain ranged from 85 to 94% (hydroxyapatite method at 60 and 75Â°C); the levels of DNA relatedness of P. fontium to other members of the Enterobacteriaceae were 17% or less except for biochemically atypical Budvicia aquatica DRL 23575 (37%). Seventeen P. fontium strains were isolated from wells or water pipes, and one strain was isolated from the stool of a healthy woman. The type strain of P. fontium is strain CNCTC Eb11/82 (= CDC 963-84 = DRL 20125). Descriptors drinking water, DNA hybridization, Enterobacteriaceae, nonhuman, taxonomy Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Aldova,E., Hausner,O., Brenner,D. J., Kocmoud,Z., Schindler,J., Potuznikova,B., Petras,P. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Pre- and postnatal exposure to tobacco smoke and respiratory outcomes during the first year	2015	Unit of Addictive Disorders, San Marcelino Primary Health Care Center, Valencia, Spain; Center for Public Health Research (CSISP/FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Indoor air Periodical, Abbrev. Indoor Air Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 25 Issue 1 Start Page 4 Other Pages 12 Notes CI: (c) 2014; JID: 9423515; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); OTO: NOTNLM; 2014/01/17 [received]; 2014/05/02 [accepted]; 2014/06/21 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1600-0668; 0905-6947 Accession Number PMID: 24810295 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Multicenter Study; IM DOI 10.1111/ina.12128 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24810295 Abstract The different role of prenatal and postnatal exposure to tobacco smoke in respiratory outcomes in infants has not yet been clearly established. Our objective is to assess the effects of these exposures on the risk of respiratory outcomes during the first year of life of infants from a Spanish multicenter cohort study. A total of 2506 women were monitored until delivery. About 2039 infants made up the final population. The outcomes were caused by the occurrence of the following: otitis, cough persisting for more than 3 weeks, lower respiratory tract symptoms (wheezing or chestiness), and lower respiratory tract infections (bronchitis, bronchiolitis, or pneumonia). The relationship between prenatal and postnatal exposure and health outcomes was explored using logistic regression analysis. Maternal smoking during pregnancy increased the odds for wheezing (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.99-2.01) and chestiness (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03-2.01). Postnatal exposure from fathers was associated with otitis (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01-1.54). Passive exposure at work of non-smoking mothers during pregnancy was related to cough (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.05-2.51). Exposure to tobacco smoke was related to a higher risk of experiencing respiratory outcomes in young infants. Prenatal exposure was that most clearly associated with the respiratory outcomes analyzed. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Data Source Authors Fuentes-Leonarte,V., Estarlich,M., Ballester,F., Murcia,M., Esplugues,A., Aurrekoetxea,J.J., Basterrechea,M., Fernandez-Somoano,A., Morales,E., Gascon,M., Tardon,A., Rebagliato,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140621 PMCID Editors
Pre- and postnatal parental smoking and wheeze in infancy: cross cultural differences. Avon Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) Study Team, European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) Co-ordinating Centre	2001	Institute of Child Health, University of Bristol, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, UK.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The European respiratory journal Periodical, Abbrev. Eur.Respir.J. Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 18 Issue 2 Start Page 323 Other Pages 329 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 8803460; 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution); ppublish Place of Publication Denmark ISSN/ISBN 0903-1936; 0903-1936 Accession Number PMID: 11529291 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 11529291 Abstract In longitudinal cohort studies, the relationships between prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure and infant wheezing illnesses were compared in two geographically defined populations in Avon, UK and Brno and Znojmo in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Pregnant females living in defined regions and with expected dates of delivery between defined dates were recruited. Females completed self-report questionnaires during pregnancy and when their infant was 6 months old. For this analysis, responses to questions about smoking during pregnancy, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and reported wheezing illnesses of infants at 6 months after birth were used. Odds ratios for wheeze in relation to the smoking variables were calculated with adjustment for potential confounding effects. The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy was higher in Avon (17.5%) than the Czech Republic (7.1%). Exposure of infants to ETS during the first 6 months after birth was also reported to be higher in Avon (35.5%) than the Czech Republic (9.7%). The prevalence of reported wheezing by 6 months of age was 21.4% in Avon and 10.3% in Brno and Znojmo. In Avon, there was a significant relationship between infant wheeze and maternal smoking during pregnancy (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.30 (1.09-1.56), p=0.004) but not with environmental exposure after birth (1.11 (0.98-1.25)). In contrast, in Brno and Znojmo in the Czech Republic, there was a significant relationship between infant wheeze and ETS exposure (1.66 (1.17-2.36), p=0.04) but not with maternal smoking during pregnancy (0.99 (0.64-1.55)). This study demonstrated an apparent difference in the associations between prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure and infant wheezing illnesses in two populations with different smoking prevalence. The relationships were independent of a number of potential confounding variables that have been associated with infant wheezing. Possible explanations of these observations include dose-related effects of prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure of infants. Descriptors Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Cultural Characteristics, Czech Republic/epidemiology, Female, Great Britain/epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Odds Ratio, Parents, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Respiratory Sounds/etiology, Smoking/adverse effects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Henderson,A. J., Sherriff,A., Northstone,K., Kukla,L., Hruba,D. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Precuring of self-etching bonding agents and its effect on bond strength of resin composite to dentin and enamel	2007	Department of Comprehensive Dentistry and Biomaterials, Louisiana State University, School of Dentistry, Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA. jchapm@lsuhsc.edu	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Quintessence international (Berlin, Germany : 1985) Periodical, Abbrev. Quintessence Int. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 38 Issue 8 Start Page 637 Other Pages 641 Notes JID: 0342677; 0 (Acrylic Resins); 0 (Composite Dental Resin); 0 (Composite Resins); 0 (Dentin-Bonding Agents); 0 (Polyurethanes); ppublish Place of Publication Germany ISSN/ISBN 1936-7163; 0033-6572 Accession Number PMID: 17823681 Language eng SubFile Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; D DOI 12463 [pii] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 17823681 Abstract OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare shear bond strength of 3 self-etching bonding agents to enamel and dentin when the bonding agent is light cured before the application of resin composite or co-cured together with the resin composite. METHOD AND MATERIALS: One hundred twenty extracted teeth were wet ground to create a flat bonding area on enamel and dentin. Three bonding agents (Adper Prompt-L-Pop, Clearfil SE Bond, and Xeno III) were applied to either dentin or enamel according to the manufacturers' directions. In half of the specimens, bonding agents were light cured immediately after their application (Group PRC). The other half were not light cured until resin composite application (Group COC). Resin composite was placed into a Teflon tube and light cured over the adhesive. Specimens were stored in deionized water for 24 hours at room temperature before being loaded in shear until failure with an Instron testing machine. Shear bond strength (in megapascals) was analyzed with 2-factor ANOVA, separate single-factor ANOVA models for cure and material, and Tukey's Honestly Significant Differences multiple comparison procedure. All testing was performed at the 5% significance level (n=10). RESULTS: Light-curing the adhesive separately produced significantly higher bond strengths to dentin (P <.001) than did the co-cure method. Group PRC did not produce significantly different bond strengths to enamel (P = .420). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-curing of self-etching adhesives before curing of the resin composite produces greater bond strength to dentin. The curing technique has no significant effect on enamel bond strength of self-etching adhesives. Descriptors Acid Etching, Dental/methods, Acrylic Resins/chemistry/radiation effects, Analysis of Variance, Composite Resins/chemistry/radiation effects, Dental Bonding/methods, Dentin-Bonding Agents/chemistry/radiation effects, Humans, Polyurethanes/chemistry/radiation effects, Shear Strength, Statistics, Nonparametric Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Chapman,J. L., Burgess,J. O., Holst,S., Sadan,A., Blatz,M. B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Predicting quit attempts among homeless smokers seeking cessation treatment: an ecological momentary assessment study	2014	University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Dallas, TX; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; michael.businelle@utsouthwestern.edu.; University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Dallas, T	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Periodical, Abbrev. Nicotine Tob.Res. Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 16 Issue 10 Start Page 1371 Other Pages 1378 Notes LR: 20151001; CI: (c) The Author 2014; GR: CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: P30 CA016672/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: UL1 TR001105/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9815751; OID: NLM: PMC4207873; 2014/06/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1469-994X; 1462-2203 Accession Number PMID: 24893602 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM DOI 10.1093/ntr/ntu088 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24893602 Abstract INTRODUCTION: Homeless adults are more likely to smoke tobacco and are less likely to successfully quit smoking than smokers in the general population, despite comparable numbers of cessation attempts and desire to quit. To date, studies that have examined smoking cessation in homeless samples have used traditional lab/clinic-based assessment methodologies. Real-time assessment of key variables may provide new insights into the process of quitting among homeless smokers. METHODS: The purpose of the current study was to identify predictors of a quit attempt using real-time assessment methodology during the 6 days prior to a scheduled quit attempt among homeless adults seeking care at a shelter-based smoking cessation clinic. Parameters for multiple variables (i.e., motivation for quitting, smoking expectancies, quit self-efficacy, smoking urges, negative affect, positive affect, restlessness, hostility, and stress) were calculated and were used as predictors of biochemically verified quit date abstinence (i.e., >/=13hr abstinent) using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Participants (n = 57) were predominantly male (59.6%), non-White (68.4%), and smoked an average of 18 cigarettes per day. A total of 1,132 ecological momentary assessments (83% completion rate) were collected at random times (i.e., up to 4 assessments/day) during the 6 days prior to a scheduled quit attempt. Results indicated that declining (negative slope) negative affect, restlessness, and stress predicted quit date abstinence. Additionally, increasing positive coping expectancies across the prequit week predicted quit date abstinence. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings highlight multiple variables that may be targeted during the precessation period to increase smoking cessation attempts in this difficult to treat population of smokers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher . Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Data Source Authors Businelle,M.S., Ma,P., Kendzor,D.E., Reitzel,L.R., Chen,M., Lam,C.Y., Bernstein,I., Wetter,D.W. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140603 PMCID PMC4207873 Editors
Predicting Relationship of Smoking Behavior Among Male Saudi Arabian College Students Related to Their Religious Practice	2016	Community Health Science Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia. almutairikhalidm@gmail.com.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of religion and health Periodical, Abbrev. J.Relig.Health. Pub Date Free Form Apr Volume 55 Issue 2 Start Page 469 Other Pages 479 Notes JID: 2985199R; OTO: NOTNLM; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1573-6571; 0022-4197 Accession Number PMID: 25613192 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1007/s10943-015-0003-z [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25613192 Abstract This study describes the relationships of smoking behavior among a sample of male college students in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to their religious practice, parents' smoking behaviors and attitudes, peers' smoking behaviors and attitudes, and knowledge about the dangers of smoking. A 49-item questionnaire was developed and pilot tested in KSA. This questionnaire was completed during the academic year 2013 by 715 undergraduate male students at the King Saud University in Riyadh. 29.8% of the students were smokers (13.8% cigarette smokers, 7.3% sheesha smokers, and 27% cigarette and sheesha smokers). Students in the College of Education were much more likely to be smokers than the students in the College of Science. The differences between the College of Education and the College of Science was statistically significant (chi (2) = 16.864. df = 1, p = .001). Logistic regression analysis suggested that students who were more faithful in their practice of Islam were 15% less likely to smoke. Students who were more knowledgeable about the dangers of smoking were 8% less likely to smoke. The logistic analysis identified peers (friends) as the most powerful factor in predicting smoking. The four-factor model had an overall classification accuracy of 78%. The need to understand more fully the dynamics of peer relations among Saudi Arabian males as a basis for developing tobacco education/prevention programs. Prevention programs will need to include education and changes in the college level or earlier in KSA. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Almutairi,K.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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