WTS database

Title	Pub Year	SearchLink Sort descending
Social norms of cigarette and hookah smokers in Iranian universities	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full ARYA Atheroscler Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 9 Issue 1 Start Page 45 Other Pages 50 Notes ID: 23696759 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: First experiences of tobacco use usually occur in adolescence. The recognition of social norms leading to youth smoking is hence necessary. We tried to assess the social norms among Iranian young cigarette and hookah smokers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 451 girls and 361 boys aging 20-25 years old who entered Isfahan and Kashan Universities (Iran) in 2007. Demographic factors (age, gender, and age at smoking onset) cigarette and hookah smoking status, having a smoking father or smoking friends and four related social norms were recorded. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to separately determine associations between hookah and cigarette smoking and the four social norm variables. RESULTS: CIGARETTE AND HOOKAH SMOKERS HAD SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES WITH NONSMOKERS IN TWO SOCIAL NORMS: "Perceived smoking by important characters" odds ratio (OR) = 1.35 in cigarette smokers and 1.58 in hookah smokers; P Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3653255/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Roohafza,Hamidreza, Sadeghi,Masoumeh, Shahnam,Maryam, Shokouh,Pedram, Teimori,Soheila, Amirpour,Afshin, Sarrafzadegan,Nizal Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Cigarette, Water-pipe, and Medwakh Smoking Prevalence Among Applicants to Abu Dhabi's Pre-marital Screening Program, 2011	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Int J Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 4 Issue 11 Start Page 1290 Other Pages 5 Notes ID: 24404364 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: This study assesses self-reported tobacco use prevalence (cigarette, water-pipe, and medwakh) among applicants to Abu Dhabi's Premarital Screening program during 2011. METHODS: Premarital Screening data reported to the Health Authority - Abu Dhabi from April to December 2011 were utilized to estimate tobacco use prevalence among applicants. Smoking prevalence was examined by nationality, age group and gender. RESULTS: Overall, 24.7% of Premarital Screening Program applicants were current smokers; 11.5% smoked cigarettes, 5.9% smoked medwakh (hand-held pipe), 4.8% smoked water-pipe and 2.5% smoked a combination (more than one type). Men (19.2%) were more likely than women (3.5%) to be current cigarette smokers. Women were much less likely to smoke medwakh (0.1%) than men (11.5%), with male UAE Nationals having the highest medwakh smoking prevalence (16.1%). The overall prevalence of water-pipe smoking was 6.8% among men and 2.8% for women with the highest water-pipe smoking prevalence (10.2%) among Arab expatriate men. CONCLUSIONS: Variations in tobacco use prevalence among Premarital Screening Program applicants reflect preferences for different modes of tobacco consumption by nationality, age group and gender. Enforcement of tobacco control laws, including implementation of clean indoor air laws and tobacco tax increases, and targeted health education programs are required to reduce tobacco consumption and concomitant tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3883254/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Aden,Bashir, Karrar,Sara, Shafey,Omar, Al Hosni, Farida Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
When water does not clear the smut from the smoke	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full BMJ case reports Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2013 Issue Start Page Other Pages Notes ID: 24142566 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Water-pipe (shisha) smoking is increasingly popular among young people in Europe and North America. The proponents claim that smoking water-pipe is much 'cleaner' than cigarettes. Although, a recent analysis of toxicant yields during 1-2 h water-pipe smoking resulted comparable to 100-200 cigarettes. We report a case of a 25-year-old patient with elevated haemoglobin, impaired concentration and reduced physical performance. Molecular investigations for JAK2 mutations and BCR-ABL fusion transcripts were negative and the arterial blood gas analysis revealed an elevated carboxyhaemoglobin of 6.1%. In a follow-up visit, the patient disclosed excessive shisha smoking. Secondary polycythaemia was diagnosed caused by chronic carbon monoxide poisoning. After cessation of shisha smoking all blood values returned to normal ranges within 6 weeks. Owing to the increasing popularity of water-pipe smoking and the anticipated health risks, our report should help to enhance awareness and advocate more information in tobacco prevention programmes on its potential toxicities. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Bonadies,Nicolas, Tichelli,AndrÃ©, RovÃ³, Alicia Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Are The Predictors of Hookah Smoking Differ From Those of Cigarette Smoking? Report of a population-based study in Shiraz, Iran, 2010	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Int J Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 4 Issue 4 Start Page 459 Other Pages 66 Notes ID: 23671779 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and effect of lifestyle factors on cigarette and hookah use among adult residents of Shiraz, Iran. METHODS: In 2010, 1,000 participants were recruited in a multistage, random sampling cross-sectional population-based survey. RESULTS: Response rate was 98%. Prevalence of cigarette smoking was 9.7%. Among cigarette users, 12.6% reported smoking 2 years. Almost half of those surveyed (48.9%) smoked 20 cpd. Almost a quarter (20.4%) of the cigarette smokers tried to quit in the past year. Being male, married, aged 37-54, having higher perceived levels of stress, a non-manual occupation, and sedentary lifestyle were positively associated with cigarette smoking. Manual labor occupations, housewife/jobless status, and going frequently to restaurants were positive predictors of hookah smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to cigarettes, hookah smoking was more prevalent among Iranian adults. Approximately, the prevalence of hookah smoking in women is the same as men, whereas cigarette use was 31 times more common in men. Cigarette and hookah smoking were associated with less healthy lifestyle habits in both men and women. Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650599/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Abdollahifard,Gholamreza, Vakili,Veda, Danaei,Mina, Askarian,Mehrdad, Romito,Laura, Palenik,Charles J. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Future physicians and tobacco: an online survey of the habits, beliefs and knowledge base of medical students at a Canadian University	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tob Induc Dis Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 11 Issue 1 Start Page 9 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 23557392 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: Little is known about the knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco use among medical students in Canada. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of tobacco use among medical students, assess their perceived level of education about tobacco addiction management and their preparedness to address tobacco use with their future patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was administered to University of Alberta undergraduate medical school trainees. The 32-question survey addressed student demographics, tobacco use, knowledge and attitudes around tobacco and waterpipe smoking, tobacco education received in medical school, as well as knowledge and competency regarding tobacco cessation interventions. RESULTS: Of 681 polled students, 301 completed the survey. Current (defined as "use within the last 30Â days") cigarette, cigar/cigarillo and waterpipe smoking prevalence was 3.3%, 6% and 6%, respectively. One third of the respondents had ever smoked a cigarette, but 41% had tried cigars/cigarillos and 40% had smoked a waterpipe at some time in the past. Students reported moderate levels of education on a variety of tobacco-related subjects but were well-informed on the role of tobacco in disease causation. The majority of students in their final two years of training felt competent to provide tobacco cessation interventions, but only 10% definitively agreed that they had received enough training in this area. CONCLUSIONS: Waterpipe exposure/current use was surprisingly high among this sample of medical students, a population well educated about the role of tobacco in disease causation. The majority of respondents appeared to be adequately prepared to manage tobacco addiction but education could be improved, particularly training in behavioral modification techniques used in tobacco use cessation. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Vanderhoek,Amanda J., Hammal,Fadi, Chappell,Alyssa, Wild,T C., Raupach,Tobias, Finegan,Barry A. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Substance Abuse among Students of Zanjan's Universities (Iran): A Knot of Today's Society	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Addict Health Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 5 Issue 2-Jan Start Page 66 Other Pages 72 Notes ID: 24494160 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: In order to assess the status of drug abuse and likely addiction among university students, a descriptive study was designed. METHODS: 1200 subjects among the students of three universities in Zanjan were selected by stratified random sampling and their demographic information and history of substance abuse including hookah, cigarette, codeine, ibuprofen, alcohol, diazepam, tramadol, cannabis, opium, grass, heroin, crack, X pill, morphine, marijuana, Librium, and LSD were assessed by a standard questionnaire and were analyzed in 2010. FINDINGS: The mean age of students was 21.3 Â± 2.3 years (ranged 18-38 years) and the mean age of drug abuse onset was 19.45 years old. 48.2% of male students and 23.4% of female had a history of drug abuse at least once. 6.3% of males and 1.2% of female subjects were addicted constantly which the difference was statically significant (P Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3905561/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Goreishi,Abolfazl, Shajari,Zahra Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Methodology of isfahan tobacco use prevention program: first phase	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Adv Prev Med Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2013 Issue Start Page 182170 Other Pages 182170 Notes ID: 24383007 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Background. Tobacco use continues to be the leading global cause of preventable death. The majority of smokers begin using tobacco products at teen ages. The aims of this study were providing a methodology of Isfahan Tobacco Use Prevention Program and investigating the prevalence of tobacco use and its related factors. Method. It was a cross-sectional study among guidance and high school students in Isfahan province. Initiation, social, psychological (depression and self-efficacy), family, and attitudinal and belief factors and school policy toward smoking (cigarettes and water-pipe) were investigated. Saliva qutinin was given from 5% of participants for determination of accuracy of responses. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was used for gathering all data. Results. Of all 5500 questionnaires distributed, about 5408 completed questionnaires were returned (with response rate of 98.3%). Of all participants, 2702 (50.0%) were girls and 2706 (50.0%) were boys. Respectively, 4811 (89.0%) and 597 (11.0%) were from urban and rural. Of all participants, 2445 (45.2%) were guidance school and 2962 (54.8%) were high school students. Conclusion. This study will provide a unique opportunity to study prevalence of smoking cigarettes and water-pipe (ghelyan) among guidance and high school students in Isfahan province and determine the role of initiation, social, psychological, family, and attitudinal and belief factors and school policy toward smoking. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Roohafza,Hamidreza, Heidari,Kamal, Omidi,Razieh, Alinia,Tahereh, Rajabi,Fereshteh, Bagheri,Saeid, Khormian Isfahani, Rasoul, Sadeghi,Masoumeh Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Tobacco: Its historical, cultural, oral, and periodontal health association	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Int Soc Prev Community Dent Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 3 Issue 1 Start Page 12 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 24478974 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract This article provides information on the origin of tobacco and its subsequent spread throughout the world. In the era of the migration of communities, tobacco use gradually gained access and subsequently migrated along with the migrants, establishing in different locations. Probably at that time people were unaware of the health hazards and were using tobacco in treating certain ailments. Much has been known and written about tobacco in the context of oral and general health hazards but little has been explored and is known to many about where from and how this plant, which is now used in various forms, and speading widely. In what form, where, and how it had been served in religious rituals and considered for treatment or remedy of certain ailments in those days could not certainly be known. In the 21(st) century, people are considering hazardous tobacco as beneficial for their teeth, good for concentration of mind, and something which keeps them engaged. Even many professionals, though knowing the deleterious effects, are still using tobacco and gutkha in one or the other form. This article has been designed to revive the awareness for health hazards of tobacco and similar products. A pilot project questionnaire survey comprising this subject involving the educated mass has already been started and will be produced after analysis of data in part II of this paper. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Mishra,Shanu, Mishra,M B. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Pattern and trend of substance abuse in eastern rural iran: a household survey in a rural community	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full J Addict Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2013 Issue Start Page 297378 Other Pages 297378 Notes ID: 24804141 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract Introduction and Aim. Substance abuse imposes hazards on human health in all biopsychosocial aspects. Limited studies exist on epidemiology of substance abuse and its trend in rural areas. The present study aimed to compare substance abuse in one of the rural areas of southeast Iran, in a 12-year period (2000 and 2012). Design and Methods. In a household survey conducted in 2012, in Dashtkhak/Kerman, 1200 individuals above 12 years of age completed a questionnaire to determine their frequency of substance abuse. The questionnaire included the following three areas: demographic characteristics, frequency of substance abuse and ease of access to various drugs. Results. Among 900 completed questionnaires, majority of the participants (61.8%) were below 30 years of age and among them 54.4% were male. Cigarette (17.0%), opium (15.7%) and opium residue (9.0%) were the most frequent substances abused on a daily basis. Based on the participant's opinion, we conclude that the ease of access to cigarette, waterpipe and opium contributed to their increase in consumption compared with earlier years. Discussion and Conclusion. The steady rise in substance abuse in rural communities demands immediate attention and emergency preventive measures from policy makers. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Ziaaddini,Hasan, Ziaaddini,Tayebeh, Nakhaee,Nouzar Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Importance of Pre-pregnancy Counseling in Iran: Results from the High Risk Pregnancy Survey 2012	2013	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Int J Health Policy Manag Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 1 Issue 3 Start Page 213 Other Pages 8 Notes ID: 24596867 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract BACKGROUND: To identify the prevalence of behavioural (Pre-pregnancy), obstetrical and medical risks of pregnancy in Iranian women. METHODS: A total of 2993 postpartum women who delivered in 23 randomly selected hospitals of six provinces were enrolled in this nationwide cross-sectional study. A structured questionnaire was completed based on interviewees' self-reports and medical record data, consisting of socio-demographic characteristics, behavioural, obstetrical and medical risks, before and during pregnancy. RESULTS: Less than 6.0% had no health insurance and 5.0% had no prenatal visit before labour. Unintended pregnancy was reported by 27.5% of women. Waterpipe and/or cigarette smoking was reported by 7.1% of them and 0.9% abused opiates during pregnancy. Physical abuse by husband in the year before pregnancy occurred in 7.5% of participants. The rate of cesarean section was 50.4%. Preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth were seen in 6.8, 7.7, and 1.2% of deliveries respectively. The most frequent medical risk factors were urinary tract infection (32.5%), anemia (21.6%), and thyroid disease (4.1%). CONCLUSION: More effort should be devoted by health policymakers to the establishment of a preconception counselling (health education and risk assessment) and surveillance system; although obstetrical and medical risks should not be neglected too. Descriptors Links Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Eslami,Mohammad, Yazdanpanah,Mahdieh, Taheripanah,Robabeh, Andalib,Parnian, Rahimi,Azardokht, Nouzar,Nakhaee Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors

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