WTS database

Title Sort ascending	Pub Year	Author	SearchLink
Evaluation of electronic cigarette use (vaping) topography and estimation of liquid consumption: implications for research protocol standards definition and for public health authorities' regulation	2013	Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Sygrou 356, Kallithea, Greece. kfarsalinos@gmail.com	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full International journal of environmental research and public health Periodical, Abbrev. Int.J.Environ.Res.Public.Health. Pub Date Free Form 18-Jun Volume 10 Issue 6 Start Page 2500 Other Pages 2514 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101238455; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); OID: NLM: PMC3717749; 2013/05/18 [received]; 2013/06/06 [revised]; 2013/06/07 [accepted]; epublish Place of Publication Switzerland ISSN/ISBN 1660-4601; 1660-4601 Accession Number PMID: 23778060 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; IM DOI 10.3390/ijerph10062500 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 23778060 Abstract BACKGROUND: Although millions of people are using electronic cigarettes (ECs) and research on this topic has intensified in recent years, the pattern of EC use has not been systematically studied. Additionally, no comparative measure of exposure and nicotine delivery between EC and tobacco cigarette or nicotine replacement therapy (NRTs) has been established. This is important, especially in the context of the proposal for a new Tobacco Product Directive issued by the European Commission. METHODS: A second generation EC device, consisting of a higher capacity battery and tank atomiser design compared to smaller cigarette-like batteries and cartomizers, and a 9 mg/mL nicotine-concentration liquid were used in this study. Eighty subjects were recruited; 45 experienced EC users and 35 smokers. EC users were video-recorded when using the device (ECIG group), while smokers were recorded when smoking (SM-S group) and when using the EC (SM-E group) in a randomized cross-over design. Puff, inhalation and exhalation duration were measured. Additionally, the amount of EC liquid consumed by experienced EC users was measured at 5 min (similar to the time needed to smoke one tobacco cigarette) and at 20 min (similar to the time needed for a nicotine inhaler to deliver 4 mg nicotine). RESULTS: Puff duration was significantly higher in ECIG (4.2 +/- 0.7 s) compared to SM-S (2.1 +/- 0.4 s) and SM-E (2.3 +/- 0.5 s), while inhalation time was lower (1.3 +/- 0.4, 2.1 +/- 0.4 and 2.1 +/- 0.4 respectively). No difference was observed in exhalation duration. EC users took 13 puffs and consumed 62 +/- 16 mg liquid in 5 min; they took 43 puffs and consumed 219 +/- 56 mg liquid in 20 min. Nicotine delivery was estimated at 0.46 +/- 0.12 mg after 5 min and 1.63 +/- 0.41 mg after 20 min of use. Therefore, 20.8 mg/mL and 23.8 mg/mL nicotine-containing liquids would deliver 1 mg of nicotine in 5 min and 4 mg nicotine in 20 min, respectively. Since the ISO method significantly underestimates nicotine delivery by tobacco cigarettes, it seems that liquids with even higher than 24 mg/mL nicotine concentration would be comparable to one tobacco cigarette. CONCLUSIONS: EC use topography is significantly different compared to smoking. Four-second puffs with 20-30 s interpuff interval should be used when assessing EC effects in laboratory experiments, provided that the equipment used does not get overheated. Based on the characteristics of the device used in this study, a 20 mg/mL nicotine concentration liquid would be needed in order to deliver nicotine at amounts similar to the maximum allowable content of one tobacco cigarette (as measured by the ISO 3308 method). The results of this study do not support the statement of the European Commission Tobacco Product Directive that liquids with nicotine concentration of 4 mg/mL are comparable to NRTs in the amount of nicotine delivered to the user. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Farsalinos,K.E., Romagna,G., Tsiapras,D., Kyrzopoulos,S., Voudris,V. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20130618 PMCID PMC3717749 Editors
Evaluation of cytological alterations of oral mucosa in smokers and waterpipe users	2014		Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Cell J Periodical, Abbrev. Pub Date Free Form Volume 15 Issue 4 Start Page 302 Other Pages 9 Notes ID: 24381854 Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN Accession Number Language en SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract OBJECTIVE: Oral mucosal epithelia of smokers and waterpipe users are more susceptible to malignant alterations. The aim of this study was morphometric evaluation of the effects of using waterpipe on normal oral mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IN A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY, CYTOLOGIC SMEAR SAMPLES FROM THE FOLLOWING THREE DIFFERENT AREAS: buccal mucosa, lateral surface of the tongue, and floor of the mouth (right) were taken from 40 smokers, 40 waterpipe users, and 40 normal individuals. They were then stained using Papanicolaou staining technique. Quantitative cytologic alterations such as nuclear and cytoplasmic size, nuclear-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, Feret ratio (FR), percent of karriorhexis, vacuolization of cytoplasm, two or multilobed nuclei, inflammation, and candida were evaluated. Quantitative evaluation was performed using MoticPlus 2 software, and 50 cells in each slide were studied. Practitioners were matched with age and sex in three groups. RESULTS: An increase in nuclear size, the N/C ratio, and F.R, while a decrease in cytoplasm size were observed in lateral surface of the tongue, buccal mucosa and floor of the mouth of smokers, waterpipe users and normal individuals, respectively (pâ‰¤0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in percent of karriorhexis, vacuolization of cytoplasm, and two or multilobed nuclei in oral mucosa of smokers, waterpipe users (p=0.8), and normal individuals (p=0.9) in buccal mucosa, tongue, and mouth floor areas. However, the percentage of inflammation and candida in smokers (p Descriptors Links http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3866533/?tool=pubmed Book Title Database MEDLINE; http://www.globalhealthlibrary.net/ Publisher Data Source Authors Seifi,Safoura, Feizi,Farideh, Mehdizadeh,Mohammad, Khafri,Soraya, Ahmadi,Behrang Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluation of coliforms as indicators of water quality in India	1992	Ramteke, P.W., Division of Aquatic Toxicology, Industrial Toxicology Research Ctr., Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of Applied Bacteriology Periodical, Abbrev. J.Appl.Bacteriol. Pub Date Free Form 1992/ Volume 72 Issue 4 Start Page 352 Other Pages 356 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0021-8847 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract The total and thermotolerant coliform counts in rural drinking water derived from ground water, piped supplies and surface water are reported for a number of areas in India. To evaluate these counts as indicators of recent faecal contamination the total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms isolated have been identified. Thermotolerant Escherichia coli formed 11.7% of the total coliforms and 75.1% of the thermotolerant coliforms. Citrobacter sp. (20.4%) and Klebsiella sp. (50.9%) were the other common total coliforms isolated and, among the thermotolerant coliforms, Klebsiella sp. (16.4%) was the only other organism frequently encountered. The total coliform counts were significantly correlated with water temperature. The applicability in tropical areas of standards developed for temperate climates is discussed. Descriptors drinking water, surface water, article, bacterium contamination, evaluation and follow up, heat tolerance, India, nonhuman, water quality Links Book Title Database Embase; MEDLINE Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Ramteke,P. W., Bhattacharjee,J. W., Pathak,S. P., Kalra,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluation of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) for the control of biofilms	1997	Walker, J.T., Environmental and Biosafety Services, CAMR, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 OJG, United Kingdom	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Water Science and Technology Periodical, Abbrev. Water Sci.Technol. Pub Date Free Form 1997/ Volume 35 Issue 12-Nov Start Page 319 Other Pages 323 Notes Place of Publication ISSN/ISBN 0273-1223 Accession Number Language SubFile DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID Abstract A continuous culture chemostat model was used to simulate a flowing water pipe system such as those found in buildings. A primary vessel was set up to grow an inoculum that would represent a water storage tank feeding secondary and tertiary vessels downstream that simulated the water system. Filter-sterilised tap water was used as the growth medium in the continuous culture vessels with no exogenous carbon sources. In addition, the microbial culture consisted of a mixed consortium obtained from a potable water system. Secondary and tertiary vessels enabled the biofilms to be formed before being challenged with appropriate biocides. Even when testing the efficacy of the different biocides, the vessels were still being challenged with the microbial consortium which was constantly flowing from the primary reservoir vessel. This configuration ensured the reproducibility of the model when testing to destruction in the secondary vessels. The flexibility of the system enabled chlorine dioxide to be tested. Descriptors chlorine dioxide, drinking water, tap water, bacterial growth, biofilm, building, chemostat, conference paper, culture medium, disinfection, reproducibility, water quality, water treatment Links Book Title Database Embase Publisher Data Source Embase Authors Walker,J. T., Morales,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluation of Bar and Nightclub Intervention to Decrease Young Adult Smoking in New Mexico	2016	Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, Califo	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine Periodical, Abbrev. J.Adolesc.Health Pub Date Free Form Aug Volume 59 Issue 2 Start Page 222 Other Pages 229 Notes CI: Copyright (c) 2016; JID: 9102136; OTO: NOTNLM; 2015/10/09 [received]; 2016/04/12 [revised]; 2016/04/15 [accepted]; 2016/06/03 [aheadofprint]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1879-1972; 1054-139X Accession Number PMID: 27265423 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; IM DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.04.003 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 27265423 Abstract PURPOSE: Over 20% of young adults in New Mexico currently smoke. We evaluated cigarette smoking prevalence of young adult bar patrons during an anti-tobacco Social Branding intervention. METHODS: The Social Branding intervention used a smoke-free brand, "HAVOC," to compete with tobacco marketing within the "Partier" young adult peer crowd. A series of cross-sectional surveys were collected from adults aged 18-26 in bars and nightclubs in Albuquerque, New Mexico, from 2009 to 2013 using randomized time-location sampling. Multivariable multinomial regression using full information maximum likelihood estimation to account for missing data evaluated differences in daily and nondaily smoking during the intervention, controlling for demographics, other risk behaviors, and tobacco-related attitudes. RESULTS: Data were collected from 1,069 individuals at Time 1, and 720, 1,142, and 1,149 participants at Times 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Current smoking rates decreased from 47.5% at Time 1 to 37.5% at Time 4 (p Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc Data Source Authors Kalkhoran,S., Lisha,N.E., Neilands,T.B., Jordan,J.W., Ling,P.M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20160603 PMCID Editors
Evaluating the program of a smoking cessation support group for adult smokers: a longitudinal pilot study	2005	Department of Nursing, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan. chhuang@mail.cju.edu.tw	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full The journal of nursing research : JNR Periodical, Abbrev. J.Nurs.Res. Pub Date Free Form Sep Volume 13 Issue 3 Start Page 197 Other Pages 205 Notes LR: 20151119; JID: 101128757; 0 (Nicotinic Agonists); 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); 9061-29-4 (Carboxyhemoglobin); ppublish Place of Publication China (Republic : 1949- ) ISSN/ISBN 1682-3141; 1682-3141 Accession Number PMID: 16237631 Language eng SubFile Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; IM; N DOI Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 16237631 Abstract Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in Taiwan. In order to increase cessation rates among adult smokers, the Department of Health in Taiwan has begun providing financial support for nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). However, therapies based on multiple interventions can lead to significantly higher cessation rates than NRT alone. This study develops and evaluates the outcomes of a smoking cessation program that provides a combination of physiological and psychological treatment in the context of a short-term support group. In this study, ten adult smokers were recruited by means of advertisements broadcast on local television over a seven-day period and one thousand flyers that advertised free assistance with quitting smoking. The smoking cessation support group was carried in Tainan County, in southern Taiwan. The three-month program consisted of three, monthly group sessions, free nicotine patches, telephone counseling by public health nurses, and telephone interviews by community health volunteers. Those participating in the group were encouraged to keep a record of all smoking behavior and its "triggers" in a diary, list the personal benefits of quitting, draw up a quitting contract, and enlist significant family members to monitor their quitting behavior. Participants were also trained in behavioral strategies to avoid smoking, including imagery rehearsal, relaxation techniques, exercise, and distraction. The outcome of the project was assessed by the following two criteria: (1) carbon monoxide (CO) level in the breath before and after the three-month program, as measured by percentage of carboxyhemoglobin (%COHB), and (2) the self-reported number of cigarettes smoked per month, taken at the outset of the three-month program, at the conclusion of the program, and six months after the termination of the program. The Wilcoxon signed-rank and Friedman tests respectively revealed that there were significant decreases both in the subjects' %COHB level at the 3-month data-point, and in the number of cigarettes smoked at one month from the pretest, at the 3-month test and at the 9-month follow-up test. At the 9-month follow-up, five of the ten participants (50%) were abstinent, and three (30%) had decreased cigarette consumption by at least 49% of their pretest levels. Eighty percent of participants had, therefore, changed their smoking behavior. These results demonstrate the promise of integrated smoking cessation therapy in a group support context and indicate the need to pursue implementation and evaluation of this type of therapy on a larger scale. Descriptors Administration, Cutaneous, Adult, Breath Tests, Carbon Monoxide/analysis, Carboxyhemoglobin/metabolism, Cognitive Therapy/organization & administration, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Nicotine/therapeutic use, Nicotinic Agonists/therapeutic use, Nursing Evaluation Research, Patient Education as Topic/organization & administration, Pilot Projects, Program Evaluation, Public Health Nursing/organization & administration, Self-Help Groups/organization & administration, Smoking/blood/prevention & control/psychology, Smoking Cessation/methods/psychology, Taiwan, Treatment Outcome Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Huang,C. L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Evaluating the acute effects of oral, non-combustible potential reduced exposure products marketed to smokers	2010	Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 East Clay Street, Suite B-08, PO Box 980205, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Tobacco control Periodical, Abbrev. Tob.Control Pub Date Free Form Oct Volume 19 Issue 5 Start Page 367 Other Pages 373 Notes LR: 20151119; GR: CA103827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: CA120142/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; GR: R01 CA103827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States; JID: 9209612; 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine); 7U1EE4V452 (Carbon Monoxide); NIHMS334415; OID: NLM: NIHMS334415; OID: Place of Publication England ISSN/ISBN 1468-3318; 0964-4563 Accession Number PMID: 19346218 Language eng SubFile Controlled Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; IM DOI 10.1136/tc.2008.028993 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 19346218 Abstract BACKGROUND: Non-combustible potential reduced exposure products (PREPs; eg, Star Scientific's Ariva; a variety of other smokeless tobacco products) are marketed to reduce the harm associated with smoking. This marketing occurs despite an absence of objective data concerning the toxicant exposure and effects of these PREPs. Methods used to examine combustible PREPs were adapted to assess the acute effects of non-combustible PREPs for smokers. METHODS: 28 overnight abstinent cigarette smokers (17 men, 14 non-white) each completed seven, Latin-squared ordered, approximately 2.5 h laboratory sessions that differed by product administered: Ariva, Marlboro Snus (Philip Morris, USA), Camel Snus (RJ Reynolds, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA), Commit nicotine lozenge (GlaxoSmithKline; 2 mg), own brand cigarettes, Quest cigarettes (Vector Tobacco; delivers very low levels of nicotine) and sham smoking (ie, puffing on an unlit cigarette). In each session, the product was administered twice (separated by 60 min), and plasma nicotine levels, expired air CO and subjective effects were assessed regularly. RESULTS: Non-combustible products delivered less nicotine than own brand cigarettes, did not expose smokers to CO and failed to suppress tobacco abstinence symptoms as effectively as combustible products. CONCLUSIONS: While decreased toxicant exposure is a potential indicator of harm reduction potential, a failure to suppress abstinence symptoms suggests that currently marketed non-combustible PREPs may not be a viable harm reduction strategy for US smokers. This study demonstrates how clinical laboratory methods can be used to evaluate the short-term effects of non-combustible PREPs for smokers. Descriptors Administration, Oral, Adolescent, Adult, Carbon Monoxide/metabolism, Female, Heart Rate/drug effects, Humans, Male, Marketing, Middle Aged, Nicotine/adverse effects/analysis/blood, Smoking/adverse effects, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Tobacco Industry, Tobacco Use Disorder/blood/therapy, Tobacco, Smokeless/adverse effects/chemistry, United States, Young Adult Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Cobb,C. O., Weaver,M. F., Eissenberg,T. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20090402 PMCID PMC3207996 Editors
Evaluating health warning messages specific to waterpipe smoking among university students in Jordan	2019	School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; Department of Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.; School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.; School of Nursing, Uni(TRUNCATED	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners Periodical, Abbrev. J.Am.Assoc.Nurse.Pract. Pub Date Free Form Feb Volume 31 Issue 2 Start Page 133 Other Pages 138 Notes LR: 20190520; JID: 101600770; 2018/12/07 06:00 [pubmed]; 2019/05/21 06:00 [medline]; 2018/12/04 06:00 [entrez]; ppublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 2327-6924; 2327-6886 Accession Number PMID: 30507761 Language eng SubFile Journal Article; N DOI 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000107 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 30507761 Abstract BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Health warning messages specific to waterpipe smoking (WPS) have not been tested enough in literature. This study evaluated university students' response to such messages. Specifically, this study (1) assessed the extent to which certain warning messages and pictorial signs motivate participants to quit WPS smoking; (2) identified the best location to place the warning signs of waterpipe as perceived by participants; and (3) assessed participants' intention to quit WPS. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 397 university students in Jordan using an Internet-based survey. The following data were collected: intentions regarding WPS, response to nine warning messages, and responses to four pictorial signs. RESULTS: The message that had the highest motivation to quit smoking was " WPS during pregnancy can harm your baby" (79.3%), whereas the highest pictorial sign was regarding "Protect your children" (64.2%). Most (69.5%) participants believed that WPS products and accessories should contain warnings, and the best suggested location was the pipe handle (52.4%). Participants who reported quitting WPS and those who had an intention to quit had significantly higher responses to both types of health warning labels (HWLs). CONCLUSION: Both text-only and pictorial HWLs were found to encourage quitting WPS among university students. Knowing that participants are having an intention to quit mandates extra efforts to make WPS experience less appealing through reminding them regarding its harms. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Support is needed by health care providers to put those effective health warning messages in action. Furthermore, providers can use such health warnings in motivating their patients to quit WPS. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Darawad,M.W., Salloum,R., Alhussami,M., Maharmeh,M. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic PMCID Editors
Etiology of drug abuse: a narrative analysis	2014	St. Vincent Hospital, St. Vincent Health, Melbourne, Australia.; Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Journal of addiction Periodical, Abbrev. J.Addict. Pub Date Free Form Volume 2014 Issue Start Page 352835 Other Pages Notes LR: 20140925; JID: 101602563; OID: NLM: PMC4160618; 2014/05/05 [received]; 2014/08/18 [revised]; 2014/08/19 [accepted]; 2014/08/26 [epublish]; ppublish Place of Publication Egypt ISSN/ISBN 2090-7834; 2090-7850 Accession Number PMID: 25247105 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1155/2014/352835 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 25247105 Abstract Introduction and Aim. Further gains in the prevention of drug abuse disorders require in-depth and holistic understanding of the risk factors of addiction from different perspectives. Lay persons and experts have different concepts of risk which could complement each other. The purpose of this study was to elaborate drug abuse risk factors through the story of individuals who had become drug dependent. Design and Methods. In this qualitative research, 33 individuals attending treatment centres for drug abuse were interviewed about the story of their addiction in Kerman, Iran. Interview questions were around the story of the participants. Results. All participants were male and in the age range of 18-40 years. Narrative analysis identified five themes as the main risk factors: family factors, peer pressure, the effect of gateway drugs (especially waterpipe), individual characteristics, and the community factors. More emphasis was placed upon the role of family factors, peer influence, and gateway effect. Discussion and Conclusion. This study elicited information from drug dependent subjects regarding the risk factors of drug abuse. According to drug dependent individuals' views, more attention should be devoted to family and peer influences by policy makers, in developing culture-based preventive strategies. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Jadidi,N., Nakhaee,N. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20140826 PMCID PMC4160618 Editors
Ethyl 6-methyl-2-oxo-4-[4-(1H-tetra-zol-5-yl)phen-yl]-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-pyrimidine-5- carboxyl-ate-di-methyl-formamide-water (2/1/1)	2013	Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing College of Chemical Technology, Nanjing 210048, People's Republic of China.; Department of Applied Chemistry, Nanjing College of Chemical Technology, Nanjing 210048, People's Republic of China.; Department of Ap	Read more...
Source Type Print(0) Ref Type Journal Article Periodical, Full Acta crystallographica.Section E, Structure reports online Periodical, Abbrev. Acta Crystallogr.Sect.E.Struct.Rep.Online Pub Date Free Form 4-Dec Volume 70 Issue Pt 1 Start Page o1 Other Pages 2 Notes LR: 20140217; JID: 101089178; OID: NLM: PMC3914044; 2014/01/01 [ecollection]; 2013/11/19 [received]; 2013/11/26 [accepted]; 2013/12/04 [epublish]; epublish Place of Publication United States ISSN/ISBN 1600-5368; 1600-5368 Accession Number PMID: 24526960 Language eng SubFile Journal Article DOI 10.1107/S1600536813032224 [doi] Output Language Unknown(0) PMID 24526960 Abstract The asymmetric unit of the title compound, 2C15H16N6O3.C3H7NO.H2O, contains two independent ethyl 6-methyl-2-oxo-4-[4-(1H-tetra-zol-5-yl)phen-yl]-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-pyrim-id-ine- 5-carboxyl-ate mol-ecules, in which the dihedral angles between the tetra-zole and benzene rings are 20.54 (12) and 12.13 (12) degrees . An intra-molecular C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO hydrogen bond occurs in each mol-ecule. In the crystal, N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO, N-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN, O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and O-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds, as well as weak C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredO and C-Hcdots, three dots, centeredN hydrogen bonds, link the mol-ecules into a three-dimensional supra-molecular architecture. pi-pi stacking is also observed between parallel tetra-zole rings of adjacent mol-ecules, the centroid-centroid distance being 3.482 (6) A. Descriptors Links Book Title Database Publisher Data Source Authors Ouyang,H.Y., Chang,Y.Q., Zhao,L. Original/Translated Title URL Date of Electronic 20131204 PMCID PMC3914044 Editors

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